Btrfs: fix device replace of a missing RAID 5/6 device

[mirror_ubuntu-artful-kernel.git] / lib / random32.c

/*
 * This is a maximally equidistributed combined Tausworthe generator
 * based on code from GNU Scientific Library 1.5 (30 Jun 2004)
 *
 * lfsr113 version:
 *
 * x_n = (s1_n ^ s2_n ^ s3_n ^ s4_n)
 *
 * s1_{n+1} = (((s1_n & 4294967294) << 18) ^ (((s1_n <<  6) ^ s1_n) >> 13))
 * s2_{n+1} = (((s2_n & 4294967288) <<  2) ^ (((s2_n <<  2) ^ s2_n) >> 27))
 * s3_{n+1} = (((s3_n & 4294967280) <<  7) ^ (((s3_n << 13) ^ s3_n) >> 21))
 * s4_{n+1} = (((s4_n & 4294967168) << 13) ^ (((s4_n <<  3) ^ s4_n) >> 12))
 *
 * The period of this generator is about 2^113 (see erratum paper).
 *
 * From: P. L'Ecuyer, "Maximally Equidistributed Combined Tausworthe
 * Generators", Mathematics of Computation, 65, 213 (1996), 203--213:
 * http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lecuyer/myftp/papers/tausme.ps
 * ftp://ftp.iro.umontreal.ca/pub/simulation/lecuyer/papers/tausme.ps
 *
 * There is an erratum in the paper "Tables of Maximally Equidistributed
 * Combined LFSR Generators", Mathematics of Computation, 68, 225 (1999),
 * 261--269: http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lecuyer/myftp/papers/tausme2.ps
 *
 *      ... the k_j most significant bits of z_j must be non-zero,
 *      for each j. (Note: this restriction also applies to the
 *      computer code given in [4], but was mistakenly not mentioned
 *      in that paper.)
 *
 * This affects the seeding procedure by imposing the requirement
 * s1 > 1, s2 > 7, s3 > 15, s4 > 127.
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <asm/unaligned.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_RANDOM32_SELFTEST
static void __init prandom_state_selftest(void);
#else
static inline void prandom_state_selftest(void)
{
}
#endif

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rnd_state, net_rand_state);

/**
 *      prandom_u32_state - seeded pseudo-random number generator.
 *      @state: pointer to state structure holding seeded state.
 *
 *      This is used for pseudo-randomness with no outside seeding.
 *      For more random results, use prandom_u32().
 */
u32 prandom_u32_state(struct rnd_state *state)
{
#define TAUSWORTHE(s, a, b, c, d) ((s & c) << d) ^ (((s << a) ^ s) >> b)
        state->s1 = TAUSWORTHE(state->s1,  6U, 13U, 4294967294U, 18U);
        state->s2 = TAUSWORTHE(state->s2,  2U, 27U, 4294967288U,  2U);
        state->s3 = TAUSWORTHE(state->s3, 13U, 21U, 4294967280U,  7U);
        state->s4 = TAUSWORTHE(state->s4,  3U, 12U, 4294967168U, 13U);

        return (state->s1 ^ state->s2 ^ state->s3 ^ state->s4);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(prandom_u32_state);

/**
 *      prandom_u32 - pseudo random number generator
 *
 *      A 32 bit pseudo-random number is generated using a fast
 *      algorithm suitable for simulation. This algorithm is NOT
 *      considered safe for cryptographic use.
 */
u32 prandom_u32(void)
{
        struct rnd_state *state = &get_cpu_var(net_rand_state);
        u32 res;

        res = prandom_u32_state(state);
        put_cpu_var(state);

        return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(prandom_u32);

/**
 *      prandom_bytes_state - get the requested number of pseudo-random bytes
 *
 *      @state: pointer to state structure holding seeded state.
 *      @buf: where to copy the pseudo-random bytes to
 *      @bytes: the requested number of bytes
 *
 *      This is used for pseudo-randomness with no outside seeding.
 *      For more random results, use prandom_bytes().
 */
void prandom_bytes_state(struct rnd_state *state, void *buf, size_t bytes)
{
        u8 *ptr = buf;

        while (bytes >= sizeof(u32)) {
                put_unaligned(prandom_u32_state(state), (u32 *) ptr);
                ptr += sizeof(u32);
                bytes -= sizeof(u32);
        }

        if (bytes > 0) {
                u32 rem = prandom_u32_state(state);
                do {
                        *ptr++ = (u8) rem;
                        bytes--;
                        rem >>= BITS_PER_BYTE;
                } while (bytes > 0);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(prandom_bytes_state);

/**
 *      prandom_bytes - get the requested number of pseudo-random bytes
 *      @buf: where to copy the pseudo-random bytes to
 *      @bytes: the requested number of bytes
 */
void prandom_bytes(void *buf, size_t bytes)
{
        struct rnd_state *state = &get_cpu_var(net_rand_state);

        prandom_bytes_state(state, buf, bytes);
        put_cpu_var(state);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(prandom_bytes);

static void prandom_warmup(struct rnd_state *state)
{
        /* Calling RNG ten times to satisfy recurrence condition */
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
        prandom_u32_state(state);
}

static u32 __extract_hwseed(void)
{
        unsigned int val = 0;

        (void)(arch_get_random_seed_int(&val) ||
               arch_get_random_int(&val));

        return val;
}

static void prandom_seed_early(struct rnd_state *state, u32 seed,
                               bool mix_with_hwseed)
{
#define LCG(x)   ((x) * 69069U) /* super-duper LCG */
#define HWSEED() (mix_with_hwseed ? __extract_hwseed() : 0)
        state->s1 = __seed(HWSEED() ^ LCG(seed),        2U);
        state->s2 = __seed(HWSEED() ^ LCG(state->s1),   8U);
        state->s3 = __seed(HWSEED() ^ LCG(state->s2),  16U);
        state->s4 = __seed(HWSEED() ^ LCG(state->s3), 128U);
}

/**
 *      prandom_seed - add entropy to pseudo random number generator
 *      @seed: seed value
 *
 *      Add some additional seeding to the prandom pool.
 */
void prandom_seed(u32 entropy)
{
        int i;
        /*
         * No locking on the CPUs, but then somewhat random results are, well,
         * expected.
         */
        for_each_possible_cpu (i) {
                struct rnd_state *state = &per_cpu(net_rand_state, i);

                state->s1 = __seed(state->s1 ^ entropy, 2U);
                prandom_warmup(state);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(prandom_seed);

/*
 *      Generate some initially weak seeding values to allow
 *      to start the prandom_u32() engine.
 */
static int __init prandom_init(void)
{
        int i;

        prandom_state_selftest();

        for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
                struct rnd_state *state = &per_cpu(net_rand_state,i);
                u32 weak_seed = (i + jiffies) ^ random_get_entropy();

                prandom_seed_early(state, weak_seed, true);
                prandom_warmup(state);
        }

        return 0;
}
core_initcall(prandom_init);

static void __prandom_timer(unsigned long dontcare);

static DEFINE_TIMER(seed_timer, __prandom_timer, 0, 0);

static void __prandom_timer(unsigned long dontcare)
{
        u32 entropy;
        unsigned long expires;

        get_random_bytes(&entropy, sizeof(entropy));
        prandom_seed(entropy);

        /* reseed every ~60 seconds, in [40 .. 80) interval with slack */
        expires = 40 + prandom_u32_max(40);
        seed_timer.expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(expires * MSEC_PER_SEC);

        add_timer(&seed_timer);
}

static void __init __prandom_start_seed_timer(void)
{
        set_timer_slack(&seed_timer, HZ);
        seed_timer.expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(40 * MSEC_PER_SEC);
        add_timer(&seed_timer);
}

/*
 *      Generate better values after random number generator
 *      is fully initialized.
 */
static void __prandom_reseed(bool late)
{
        int i;
        unsigned long flags;
        static bool latch = false;
        static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);

        /* Asking for random bytes might result in bytes getting
         * moved into the nonblocking pool and thus marking it
         * as initialized. In this case we would double back into
         * this function and attempt to do a late reseed.
         * Ignore the pointless attempt to reseed again if we're
         * already waiting for bytes when the nonblocking pool
         * got initialized.
         */

        /* only allow initial seeding (late == false) once */
        if (!spin_trylock_irqsave(&lock, flags))
                return;

        if (latch && !late)
                goto out;

        latch = true;

        for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
                struct rnd_state *state = &per_cpu(net_rand_state,i);
                u32 seeds[4];

                get_random_bytes(&seeds, sizeof(seeds));
                state->s1 = __seed(seeds[0],   2U);
                state->s2 = __seed(seeds[1],   8U);
                state->s3 = __seed(seeds[2],  16U);
                state->s4 = __seed(seeds[3], 128U);

                prandom_warmup(state);
        }
out:
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&lock, flags);
}

void prandom_reseed_late(void)
{
        __prandom_reseed(true);
}

static int __init prandom_reseed(void)
{
        __prandom_reseed(false);
        __prandom_start_seed_timer();
        return 0;
}
late_initcall(prandom_reseed);

#ifdef CONFIG_RANDOM32_SELFTEST
static struct prandom_test1 {
        u32 seed;
        u32 result;
} test1[] = {
        { 1U, 3484351685U },
        { 2U, 2623130059U },
        { 3U, 3125133893U },
        { 4U,  984847254U },
};

static struct prandom_test2 {
        u32 seed;
        u32 iteration;
        u32 result;
} test2[] = {
        /* Test cases against taus113 from GSL library. */
        {  931557656U, 959U, 2975593782U },
        { 1339693295U, 876U, 3887776532U },
        { 1545556285U, 961U, 1615538833U },
        {  601730776U, 723U, 1776162651U },
        { 1027516047U, 687U,  511983079U },
        {  416526298U, 700U,  916156552U },
        { 1395522032U, 652U, 2222063676U },
        {  366221443U, 617U, 2992857763U },
        { 1539836965U, 714U, 3783265725U },
        {  556206671U, 994U,  799626459U },
        {  684907218U, 799U,  367789491U },
        { 2121230701U, 931U, 2115467001U },
        { 1668516451U, 644U, 3620590685U },
        {  768046066U, 883U, 2034077390U },
        { 1989159136U, 833U, 1195767305U },
        {  536585145U, 996U, 3577259204U },
        { 1008129373U, 642U, 1478080776U },
        { 1740775604U, 939U, 1264980372U },
        { 1967883163U, 508U,   10734624U },
        { 1923019697U, 730U, 3821419629U },
        {  442079932U, 560U, 3440032343U },
        { 1961302714U, 845U,  841962572U },
        { 2030205964U, 962U, 1325144227U },
        { 1160407529U, 507U,  240940858U },
        {  635482502U, 779U, 4200489746U },
        { 1252788931U, 699U,  867195434U },
        { 1961817131U, 719U,  668237657U },
        { 1071468216U, 983U,  917876630U },
        { 1281848367U, 932U, 1003100039U },
        {  582537119U, 780U, 1127273778U },
        { 1973672777U, 853U, 1071368872U },
        { 1896756996U, 762U, 1127851055U },
        {  847917054U, 500U, 1717499075U },
        { 1240520510U, 951U, 2849576657U },
        { 1685071682U, 567U, 1961810396U },
        { 1516232129U, 557U,    3173877U },
        { 1208118903U, 612U, 1613145022U },
        { 1817269927U, 693U, 4279122573U },
        { 1510091701U, 717U,  638191229U },
        {  365916850U, 807U,  600424314U },
        {  399324359U, 702U, 1803598116U },
        { 1318480274U, 779U, 2074237022U },
        {  697758115U, 840U, 1483639402U },
        { 1696507773U, 840U,  577415447U },
        { 2081979121U, 981U, 3041486449U },
        {  955646687U, 742U, 3846494357U },
        { 1250683506U, 749U,  836419859U },
        {  595003102U, 534U,  366794109U },
        {   47485338U, 558U, 3521120834U },
        {  619433479U, 610U, 3991783875U },
        {  704096520U, 518U, 4139493852U },
        { 1712224984U, 606U, 2393312003U },
        { 1318233152U, 922U, 3880361134U },
        {  855572992U, 761U, 1472974787U },
        {   64721421U, 703U,  683860550U },
        {  678931758U, 840U,  380616043U },
        {  692711973U, 778U, 1382361947U },
        {  677703619U, 530U, 2826914161U },
        {   92393223U, 586U, 1522128471U },
        { 1222592920U, 743U, 3466726667U },
        {  358288986U, 695U, 1091956998U },
        { 1935056945U, 958U,  514864477U },
        {  735675993U, 990U, 1294239989U },
        { 1560089402U, 897U, 2238551287U },
        {   70616361U, 829U,   22483098U },
        {  368234700U, 731U, 2913875084U },
        {   20221190U, 879U, 1564152970U },
        {  539444654U, 682U, 1835141259U },
        { 1314987297U, 840U, 1801114136U },
        { 2019295544U, 645U, 3286438930U },
        {  469023838U, 716U, 1637918202U },
        { 1843754496U, 653U, 2562092152U },
        {  400672036U, 809U, 4264212785U },
        {  404722249U, 965U, 2704116999U },
        {  600702209U, 758U,  584979986U },
        {  519953954U, 667U, 2574436237U },
        { 1658071126U, 694U, 2214569490U },
        {  420480037U, 749U, 3430010866U },
        {  690103647U, 969U, 3700758083U },
        { 1029424799U, 937U, 3787746841U },
        { 2012608669U, 506U, 3362628973U },
        { 1535432887U, 998U,   42610943U },
        { 1330635533U, 857U, 3040806504U },
        { 1223800550U, 539U, 3954229517U },
        { 1322411537U, 680U, 3223250324U },
        { 1877847898U, 945U, 2915147143U },
        { 1646356099U, 874U,  965988280U },
        {  805687536U, 744U, 4032277920U },
        { 1948093210U, 633U, 1346597684U },
        {  392609744U, 783U, 1636083295U },
        {  690241304U, 770U, 1201031298U },
        { 1360302965U, 696U, 1665394461U },
        { 1220090946U, 780U, 1316922812U },
        {  447092251U, 500U, 3438743375U },
        { 1613868791U, 592U,  828546883U },
        {  523430951U, 548U, 2552392304U },
        {  726692899U, 810U, 1656872867U },
        { 1364340021U, 836U, 3710513486U },
        { 1986257729U, 931U,  935013962U },
        {  407983964U, 921U,  728767059U },
};

static void __init prandom_state_selftest(void)
{
        int i, j, errors = 0, runs = 0;
        bool error = false;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test1); i++) {
                struct rnd_state state;

                prandom_seed_early(&state, test1[i].seed, false);
                prandom_warmup(&state);

                if (test1[i].result != prandom_u32_state(&state))
                        error = true;
        }

        if (error)
                pr_warn("prandom: seed boundary self test failed\n");
        else
                pr_info("prandom: seed boundary self test passed\n");

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test2); i++) {
                struct rnd_state state;

                prandom_seed_early(&state, test2[i].seed, false);
                prandom_warmup(&state);

                for (j = 0; j < test2[i].iteration - 1; j++)
                        prandom_u32_state(&state);

                if (test2[i].result != prandom_u32_state(&state))
                        errors++;

                runs++;
                cond_resched();
        }

        if (errors)
                pr_warn("prandom: %d/%d self tests failed\n", errors, runs);
        else
                pr_info("prandom: %d self tests passed\n", runs);
}
#endif