lib/utils.c

   1 /*
   2  * utils.c
   3  *
   4  *              This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5  *              modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   6  *              as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
   7  *              2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8  *
   9  * Authors:     Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
  10  *
  11  */
  12
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include <math.h>
  16 #include <unistd.h>
  17 #include <syslog.h>
  18 #include <fcntl.h>
  19 #include <limits.h>
  20 #include <sys/socket.h>
  21 #include <netinet/in.h>
  22 #include <string.h>
  23 #include <netdb.h>
  24 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  25 #include <asm/types.h>
  26 #include <linux/pkt_sched.h>
  27 #include <linux/param.h>
  28 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
  29 #include <linux/mpls.h>
  30 #include <time.h>
  31 #include <sys/time.h>
  32 #include <errno.h>
  33
  34 #include "rt_names.h"
  35 #include "utils.h"
  36 #include "namespace.h"
  37
  38 int timestamp_short = 0;
  39
  40 int get_integer(int *val, const char *arg, int base)
  41 {
  42         long res;
  43         char *ptr;
  44
  45         if (!arg || !*arg)
  46                 return -1;
  47
  48         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
  49
  50         /* If there were no digits at all, strtol()  stores
  51          * the original value of nptr in *endptr (and returns 0).
  52          * In particular, if *nptr is not '\0' but **endptr is '\0' on return,
  53          * the entire string is valid.
  54          */
  55         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
  56                 return -1;
  57
  58         /* If an underflow occurs, strtol() returns LONG_MIN.
  59          * If an overflow occurs,  strtol() returns LONG_MAX.
  60          * In both cases, errno is set to ERANGE.
  61          */
  62         if ((res == LONG_MAX || res == LONG_MIN) && errno == ERANGE)
  63                 return -1;
  64
  65         /* Outside range of int */
  66         if (res < INT_MIN || res > INT_MAX)
  67                 return -1;
  68
  69         *val = res;
  70         return 0;
  71 }
  72
  73 int mask2bits(__u32 netmask)
  74 {
  75         unsigned bits = 0;
  76         __u32 mask = ntohl(netmask);
  77         __u32 host = ~mask;
  78
  79         /* a valid netmask must be 2^n - 1 */
  80         if ((host & (host + 1)) != 0)
  81                 return -1;
  82
  83         for (; mask; mask <<= 1)
  84                 ++bits;
  85         return bits;
  86 }
  87
  88 static int get_netmask(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int base)
  89 {
  90         inet_prefix addr;
  91
  92         if (!get_unsigned(val, arg, base))
  93                 return 0;
  94
  95         /* try coverting dotted quad to CIDR */
  96         if (!get_addr_1(&addr, arg, AF_INET) && addr.family == AF_INET) {
  97                 int b = mask2bits(addr.data[0]);
  98
  99                 if (b >= 0) {
 100                         *val = b;
 101                         return 0;
 102                 }
 103         }
 104
 105         return -1;
 106 }
 107
 108 int get_unsigned(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int base)
 109 {
 110         unsigned long res;
 111         char *ptr;
 112
 113         if (!arg || !*arg)
 114                 return -1;
 115
 116         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 117
 118         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 119         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 120                 return -1;
 121
 122         /* overflow */
 123         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 124                 return -1;
 125
 126         /* out side range of unsigned */
 127         if (res > UINT_MAX)
 128                 return -1;
 129
 130         *val = res;
 131         return 0;
 132 }
 133
 134 /*
 135  * get_time_rtt is "translated" from a similar routine "get_time" in
 136  * tc_util.c.  We don't use the exact same routine because tc passes
 137  * microseconds to the kernel and the callers of get_time_rtt want to
 138  * pass milliseconds (standard unit for rtt values since 2.6.27), and
 139  * have a different assumption for the units of a "raw" number.
 140  */
 141 int get_time_rtt(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int *raw)
 142 {
 143         double t;
 144         unsigned long res;
 145         char *p;
 146
 147         if (strchr(arg, '.') != NULL) {
 148                 t = strtod(arg, &p);
 149                 if (t < 0.0)
 150                         return -1;
 151
 152                 /* no digits? */
 153                 if (!p || p == arg)
 154                         return -1;
 155
 156                 /* over/underflow */
 157                 if ((t == HUGE_VALF || t == HUGE_VALL) && errno == ERANGE)
 158                         return -1;
 159         } else {
 160                 res = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 161
 162                 /* empty string? */
 163                 if (!p || p == arg)
 164                         return -1;
 165
 166                 /* overflow */
 167                 if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 168                         return -1;
 169
 170                 t = (double)res;
 171         }
 172
 173         if (p == arg)
 174                 return -1;
 175         *raw = 1;
 176
 177         if (*p) {
 178                 *raw = 0;
 179                 if (strcasecmp(p, "s") == 0 || strcasecmp(p, "sec")==0 ||
 180                     strcasecmp(p, "secs")==0)
 181                         t *= 1000;
 182                 else if (strcasecmp(p, "ms") == 0 || strcasecmp(p, "msec")==0 ||
 183                          strcasecmp(p, "msecs") == 0)
 184                         t *= 1.0; /* allow suffix, do nothing */
 185                 else
 186                         return -1;
 187         }
 188
 189         /* emulate ceil() without having to bring-in -lm and always be >= 1 */
 190
 191         *val = t;
 192         if (*val < t)
 193                 *val += 1;
 194
 195         return 0;
 196
 197 }
 198
 199 int get_u64(__u64 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 200 {
 201         unsigned long long res;
 202         char *ptr;
 203
 204         if (!arg || !*arg)
 205                 return -1;
 206
 207         res = strtoull(arg, &ptr, base);
 208
 209         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 210         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 211                 return -1;
 212
 213         /* overflow */
 214         if (res == ULLONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 215                 return -1;
 216
 217         /* in case ULL is 128 bits */
 218         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL)
 219                 return -1;
 220
 221         *val = res;
 222         return 0;
 223 }
 224
 225 int get_u32(__u32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 226 {
 227         unsigned long res;
 228         char *ptr;
 229
 230         if (!arg || !*arg)
 231                 return -1;
 232         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 233
 234         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 235         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 236                 return -1;
 237
 238         /* overflow */
 239         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 240                 return -1;
 241
 242         /* in case UL > 32 bits */
 243         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
 244                 return -1;
 245
 246         *val = res;
 247         return 0;
 248 }
 249
 250 int get_u16(__u16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 251 {
 252         unsigned long res;
 253         char *ptr;
 254
 255         if (!arg || !*arg)
 256                 return -1;
 257         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 258
 259         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 260         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 261                 return -1;
 262
 263         /* overflow */
 264         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 265                 return -1;
 266
 267         if (res > 0xFFFFUL)
 268                 return -1;
 269
 270         *val = res;
 271         return 0;
 272 }
 273
 274 int get_u8(__u8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 275 {
 276         unsigned long res;
 277         char *ptr;
 278
 279         if (!arg || !*arg)
 280                 return -1;
 281
 282         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 283         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 284         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 285                 return -1;
 286
 287         /* overflow */
 288         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 289                 return -1;
 290
 291         if (res > 0xFFUL)
 292                 return -1;
 293
 294         *val = res;
 295         return 0;
 296 }
 297
 298 int get_s32(__s32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 299 {
 300         long res;
 301         char *ptr;
 302
 303         errno = 0;
 304
 305         if (!arg || !*arg)
 306                 return -1;
 307         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 308         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 309                 return -1;
 310         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 311                 return -1;
 312         if (res > INT32_MAX || res < INT32_MIN)
 313                 return -1;
 314
 315         *val = res;
 316         return 0;
 317 }
 318
 319 int get_s16(__s16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 320 {
 321         long res;
 322         char *ptr;
 323
 324         if (!arg || !*arg)
 325                 return -1;
 326         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 327         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 328                 return -1;
 329         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 330                 return -1;
 331         if (res > 0x7FFF || res < -0x8000)
 332                 return -1;
 333
 334         *val = res;
 335         return 0;
 336 }
 337
 338 int get_s8(__s8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 339 {
 340         long res;
 341         char *ptr;
 342
 343         if (!arg || !*arg)
 344                 return -1;
 345         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 346         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 347                 return -1;
 348         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 349                 return -1;
 350         if (res > 0x7F || res < -0x80)
 351                 return -1;
 352         *val = res;
 353         return 0;
 354 }
 355
 356 /* This uses a non-standard parsing (ie not inet_aton, or inet_pton)
 357  * because of legacy choice to parse 10.8 as 10.8.0.0 not 10.0.0.8
 358  */
 359 static int get_addr_ipv4(__u8 *ap, const char *cp)
 360 {
 361         int i;
 362
 363         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 364                 unsigned long n;
 365                 char *endp;
 366
 367                 n = strtoul(cp, &endp, 0);
 368                 if (n > 255)
 369                         return -1;      /* bogus network value */
 370
 371                 if (endp == cp) /* no digits */
 372                         return -1;
 373
 374                 ap[i] = n;
 375
 376                 if (*endp == '\0')
 377                         break;
 378
 379                 if (i == 3 || *endp != '.')
 380                         return -1;      /* extra characters */
 381                 cp = endp + 1;
 382         }
 383
 384         return 1;
 385 }
 386
 387 int get_addr_1(inet_prefix *addr, const char *name, int family)
 388 {
 389         memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));
 390
 391         if (strcmp(name, "default") == 0 ||
 392             strcmp(name, "all") == 0 ||
 393             strcmp(name, "any") == 0) {
 394                 if ((family == AF_DECnet) || (family == AF_MPLS))
 395                         return -1;
 396                 addr->family = family;
 397                 addr->bytelen = (family == AF_INET6 ? 16 : 4);
 398                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 399                 return 0;
 400         }
 401
 402         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 403                 int len;
 404                 len = ll_addr_a2n((char *)&addr->data, sizeof(addr->data), name);
 405                 if (len < 0)
 406                         return -1;
 407
 408                 addr->family = AF_PACKET;
 409                 addr->bytelen = len;
 410                 addr->bitlen = len * 8;
 411                 return 0;
 412         }
 413
 414         if (strchr(name, ':')) {
 415                 addr->family = AF_INET6;
 416                 if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET6)
 417                         return -1;
 418                 if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, name, addr->data) <= 0)
 419                         return -1;
 420                 addr->bytelen = 16;
 421                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 422                 return 0;
 423         }
 424
 425         if (family == AF_DECnet) {
 426                 struct dn_naddr dna;
 427                 addr->family = AF_DECnet;
 428                 if (dnet_pton(AF_DECnet, name, &dna) <= 0)
 429                         return -1;
 430                 memcpy(addr->data, dna.a_addr, 2);
 431                 addr->bytelen = 2;
 432                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 433                 return 0;
 434         }
 435
 436         if (family == AF_MPLS) {
 437                 int i;
 438                 addr->family = AF_MPLS;
 439                 if (mpls_pton(AF_MPLS, name, addr->data) <= 0)
 440                         return -1;
 441                 addr->bytelen = 4;
 442                 addr->bitlen = 20;
 443                 /* How many bytes do I need? */
 444                 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 445                         if (ntohl(addr->data[i]) & MPLS_LS_S_MASK) {
 446                                 addr->bytelen = (i + 1)*4;
 447                                 break;
 448                         }
 449                 }
 450                 return 0;
 451         }
 452
 453         addr->family = AF_INET;
 454         if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET)
 455                 return -1;
 456
 457         if (get_addr_ipv4((__u8 *)addr->data, name) <= 0)
 458                 return -1;
 459
 460         addr->bytelen = 4;
 461         addr->bitlen = -1;
 462         return 0;
 463 }
 464
 465 int af_bit_len(int af)
 466 {
 467         switch (af) {
 468         case AF_INET6:
 469                 return 128;
 470         case AF_INET:
 471                 return 32;
 472         case AF_DECnet:
 473                 return 16;
 474         case AF_IPX:
 475                 return 80;
 476         case AF_MPLS:
 477                 return 20;
 478         }
 479
 480         return 0;
 481 }
 482
 483 int af_byte_len(int af)
 484 {
 485         return af_bit_len(af) / 8;
 486 }
 487
 488 int get_prefix_1(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 489 {
 490         int err;
 491         unsigned plen;
 492         char *slash;
 493
 494         memset(dst, 0, sizeof(*dst));
 495
 496         if (strcmp(arg, "default") == 0 ||
 497             strcmp(arg, "any") == 0 ||
 498             strcmp(arg, "all") == 0) {
 499                 if ((family == AF_DECnet) || (family == AF_MPLS))
 500                         return -1;
 501                 dst->family = family;
 502                 dst->bytelen = 0;
 503                 dst->bitlen = 0;
 504                 return 0;
 505         }
 506
 507         slash = strchr(arg, '/');
 508         if (slash)
 509                 *slash = 0;
 510
 511         err = get_addr_1(dst, arg, family);
 512         if (err == 0) {
 513                 dst->bitlen = af_bit_len(dst->family);
 514
 515                 if (slash) {
 516                         if (get_netmask(&plen, slash+1, 0)
 517                             || plen > dst->bitlen) {
 518                                 err = -1;
 519                                 goto done;
 520                         }
 521                         dst->flags |= PREFIXLEN_SPECIFIED;
 522                         dst->bitlen = plen;
 523                 }
 524         }
 525 done:
 526         if (slash)
 527                 *slash = '/';
 528         return err;
 529 }
 530
 531 int get_addr(inet_prefix *dst, const char *arg, int family)
 532 {
 533         if (get_addr_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 534                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s address is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 535                                 family_name(family) ,arg);
 536                 exit(1);
 537         }
 538         return 0;
 539 }
 540
 541 int get_prefix(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 542 {
 543         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 544                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: \"%s\" may be inet prefix, but it is not allowed in this context.\n", arg);
 545                 exit(1);
 546         }
 547         if (get_prefix_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 548                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s prefix is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 549                                 family_name(family) ,arg);
 550                 exit(1);
 551         }
 552         return 0;
 553 }
 554
 555 __u32 get_addr32(const char *name)
 556 {
 557         inet_prefix addr;
 558         if (get_addr_1(&addr, name, AF_INET)) {
 559                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: an IP address is expected rather than \"%s\"\n", name);
 560                 exit(1);
 561         }
 562         return addr.data[0];
 563 }
 564
 565 void incomplete_command(void)
 566 {
 567         fprintf(stderr, "Command line is not complete. Try option \"help\"\n");
 568         exit(-1);
 569 }
 570
 571 void missarg(const char *key)
 572 {
 573         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is required\n", key);
 574         exit(-1);
 575 }
 576
 577 void invarg(const char *msg, const char *arg)
 578 {
 579         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is wrong: %s\n", arg, msg);
 580         exit(-1);
 581 }
 582
 583 void duparg(const char *key, const char *arg)
 584 {
 585         fprintf(stderr, "Error: duplicate \"%s\": \"%s\" is the second value.\n", key, arg);
 586         exit(-1);
 587 }
 588
 589 void duparg2(const char *key, const char *arg)
 590 {
 591         fprintf(stderr, "Error: either \"%s\" is duplicate, or \"%s\" is a garbage.\n", key, arg);
 592         exit(-1);
 593 }
 594
 595 int matches(const char *cmd, const char *pattern)
 596 {
 597         int len = strlen(cmd);
 598         if (len > strlen(pattern))
 599                 return -1;
 600         return memcmp(pattern, cmd, len);
 601 }
 602
 603 int inet_addr_match(const inet_prefix *a, const inet_prefix *b, int bits)
 604 {
 605         const __u32 *a1 = a->data;
 606         const __u32 *a2 = b->data;
 607         int words = bits >> 0x05;
 608
 609         bits &= 0x1f;
 610
 611         if (words)
 612                 if (memcmp(a1, a2, words << 2))
 613                         return -1;
 614
 615         if (bits) {
 616                 __u32 w1, w2;
 617                 __u32 mask;
 618
 619                 w1 = a1[words];
 620                 w2 = a2[words];
 621
 622                 mask = htonl((0xffffffff) << (0x20 - bits));
 623
 624                 if ((w1 ^ w2) & mask)
 625                         return 1;
 626         }
 627
 628         return 0;
 629 }
 630
 631 int __iproute2_hz_internal;
 632
 633 int __get_hz(void)
 634 {
 635         char name[1024];
 636         int hz = 0;
 637         FILE *fp;
 638
 639         if (getenv("HZ"))
 640                 return atoi(getenv("HZ")) ? : HZ;
 641
 642         if (getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED")) {
 643                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1, "%s", getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED"));
 644         } else if (getenv("PROC_ROOT")) {
 645                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1, "%s/net/psched", getenv("PROC_ROOT"));
 646         } else {
 647                 strcpy(name, "/proc/net/psched");
 648         }
 649         fp = fopen(name, "r");
 650
 651         if (fp) {
 652                 unsigned nom, denom;
 653                 if (fscanf(fp, "%*08x%*08x%08x%08x", &nom, &denom) == 2)
 654                         if (nom == 1000000)
 655                                 hz = denom;
 656                 fclose(fp);
 657         }
 658         if (hz)
 659                 return hz;
 660         return HZ;
 661 }
 662
 663 int __iproute2_user_hz_internal;
 664
 665 int __get_user_hz(void)
 666 {
 667         return sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
 668 }
 669
 670 const char *rt_addr_n2a(int af, int len, const void *addr, char *buf, int buflen)
 671 {
 672         switch (af) {
 673         case AF_INET:
 674         case AF_INET6:
 675                 return inet_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 676         case AF_MPLS:
 677                 return mpls_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 678         case AF_IPX:
 679                 return ipx_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 680         case AF_DECnet:
 681         {
 682                 struct dn_naddr dna = { 2, { 0, 0, }};
 683                 memcpy(dna.a_addr, addr, 2);
 684                 return dnet_ntop(af, &dna, buf, buflen);
 685         }
 686         case AF_PACKET:
 687                 return ll_addr_n2a(addr, len, ARPHRD_VOID, buf, buflen);
 688         default:
 689                 return "???";
 690         }
 691 }
 692
 693 int read_family(const char *name)
 694 {
 695         int family = AF_UNSPEC;
 696         if (strcmp(name, "inet") == 0)
 697                 family = AF_INET;
 698         else if (strcmp(name, "inet6") == 0)
 699                 family = AF_INET6;
 700         else if (strcmp(name, "dnet") == 0)
 701                 family = AF_DECnet;
 702         else if (strcmp(name, "link") == 0)
 703                 family = AF_PACKET;
 704         else if (strcmp(name, "ipx") == 0)
 705                 family = AF_IPX;
 706         else if (strcmp(name, "mpls") == 0)
 707                 family = AF_MPLS;
 708         else if (strcmp(name, "bridge") == 0)
 709                 family = AF_BRIDGE;
 710         return family;
 711 }
 712
 713 const char *family_name(int family)
 714 {
 715         if (family == AF_INET)
 716                 return "inet";
 717         if (family == AF_INET6)
 718                 return "inet6";
 719         if (family == AF_DECnet)
 720                 return "dnet";
 721         if (family == AF_PACKET)
 722                 return "link";
 723         if (family == AF_IPX)
 724                 return "ipx";
 725         if (family == AF_MPLS)
 726                 return "mpls";
 727         if (family == AF_BRIDGE)
 728                 return "bridge";
 729         return "???";
 730 }
 731
 732 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
 733 struct namerec
 734 {
 735         struct namerec *next;
 736         const char *name;
 737         inet_prefix addr;
 738 };
 739
 740 #define NHASH 257
 741 static struct namerec *nht[NHASH];
 742
 743 static const char *resolve_address(const void *addr, int len, int af)
 744 {
 745         struct namerec *n;
 746         struct hostent *h_ent;
 747         unsigned hash;
 748         static int notfirst;
 749
 750
 751         if (af == AF_INET6 && ((__u32*)addr)[0] == 0 &&
 752             ((__u32*)addr)[1] == 0 && ((__u32*)addr)[2] == htonl(0xffff)) {
 753                 af = AF_INET;
 754                 addr += 12;
 755                 len = 4;
 756         }
 757
 758         hash = *(__u32 *)(addr + len - 4) % NHASH;
 759
 760         for (n = nht[hash]; n; n = n->next) {
 761                 if (n->addr.family == af &&
 762                     n->addr.bytelen == len &&
 763                     memcmp(n->addr.data, addr, len) == 0)
 764                         return n->name;
 765         }
 766         if ((n = malloc(sizeof(*n))) == NULL)
 767                 return NULL;
 768         n->addr.family = af;
 769         n->addr.bytelen = len;
 770         n->name = NULL;
 771         memcpy(n->addr.data, addr, len);
 772         n->next = nht[hash];
 773         nht[hash] = n;
 774         if (++notfirst == 1)
 775                 sethostent(1);
 776         fflush(stdout);
 777
 778         if ((h_ent = gethostbyaddr(addr, len, af)) != NULL)
 779                 n->name = strdup(h_ent->h_name);
 780
 781         /* Even if we fail, "negative" entry is remembered. */
 782         return n->name;
 783 }
 784 #endif
 785
 786 const char *format_host(int af, int len, const void *addr,
 787                         char *buf, int buflen)
 788 {
 789 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
 790         if (resolve_hosts) {
 791                 const char *n;
 792
 793                 len = len <= 0 ? af_byte_len(af) : len;
 794
 795                 if (len > 0 &&
 796                     (n = resolve_address(addr, len, af)) != NULL)
 797                         return n;
 798         }
 799 #endif
 800         return rt_addr_n2a(af, len, addr, buf, buflen);
 801 }
 802
 803
 804 char *hexstring_n2a(const __u8 *str, int len, char *buf, int blen)
 805 {
 806         char *ptr = buf;
 807         int i;
 808
 809         for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 810                 if (blen < 3)
 811                         break;
 812                 sprintf(ptr, "%02x", str[i]);
 813                 ptr += 2;
 814                 blen -= 2;
 815         }
 816         return buf;
 817 }
 818
 819 __u8* hexstring_a2n(const char *str, __u8 *buf, int blen)
 820 {
 821         int cnt = 0;
 822         char *endptr;
 823
 824         if (strlen(str) % 2)
 825                 return NULL;
 826         while (cnt < blen && strlen(str) > 1) {
 827                 unsigned int tmp;
 828                 char tmpstr[3];
 829
 830                 strncpy(tmpstr, str, 2);
 831                 tmpstr[2] = '\0';
 832                 tmp = strtoul(tmpstr, &endptr, 16);
 833                 if (errno != 0 || tmp > 0xFF || *endptr != '\0')
 834                         return NULL;
 835                 buf[cnt++] = tmp;
 836                 str += 2;
 837         }
 838         return buf;
 839 }
 840
 841 int print_timestamp(FILE *fp)
 842 {
 843         struct timeval tv;
 844         struct tm *tm;
 845
 846         gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 847         tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
 848
 849         if (timestamp_short) {
 850                 char tshort[40];
 851
 852                 strftime(tshort, sizeof(tshort), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
 853                 fprintf(fp, "[%s.%06ld] ", tshort, tv.tv_usec);
 854         } else {
 855                 char *tstr = asctime(tm);
 856
 857                 tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
 858                 fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %ld usec\n",
 859                         tstr, tv.tv_usec);
 860         }
 861
 862         return 0;
 863 }
 864
 865 int cmdlineno;
 866
 867 /* Like glibc getline but handle continuation lines and comments */
 868 ssize_t getcmdline(char **linep, size_t *lenp, FILE *in)
 869 {
 870         ssize_t cc;
 871         char *cp;
 872
 873         if ((cc = getline(linep, lenp, in)) < 0)
 874                 return cc;      /* eof or error */
 875         ++cmdlineno;
 876
 877         cp = strchr(*linep, '#');
 878         if (cp)
 879                 *cp = '\0';
 880
 881         while ((cp = strstr(*linep, "\\\n")) != NULL) {
 882                 char *line1 = NULL;
 883                 size_t len1 = 0;
 884                 ssize_t cc1;
 885
 886                 if ((cc1 = getline(&line1, &len1, in)) < 0) {
 887                         fprintf(stderr, "Missing continuation line\n");
 888                         return cc1;
 889                 }
 890
 891                 ++cmdlineno;
 892                 *cp = 0;
 893
 894                 cp = strchr(line1, '#');
 895                 if (cp)
 896                         *cp = '\0';
 897
 898                 *lenp = strlen(*linep) + strlen(line1) + 1;
 899                 *linep = realloc(*linep, *lenp);
 900                 if (!*linep) {
 901                         fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
 902                         *lenp = 0;
 903                         return -1;
 904                 }
 905                 cc += cc1 - 2;
 906                 strcat(*linep, line1);
 907                 free(line1);
 908         }
 909         return cc;
 910 }
 911
 912 /* split command line into argument vector */
 913 int makeargs(char *line, char *argv[], int maxargs)
 914 {
 915         static const char ws[] = " \t\r\n";
 916         char *cp;
 917         int argc = 0;
 918
 919         for (cp = line + strspn(line, ws); *cp; cp += strspn(cp, ws)) {
 920                 if (argc >= (maxargs - 1)) {
 921                         fprintf(stderr, "Too many arguments to command\n");
 922                         exit(1);
 923                 }
 924
 925                 /* word begins with quote */
 926                 if (*cp == '\'' || *cp == '"') {
 927                         char quote = *cp++;
 928
 929                         argv[argc++] = cp;
 930                         /* find ending quote */
 931                         cp = strchr(cp, quote);
 932                         if (cp == NULL) {
 933                                 fprintf(stderr, "Unterminated quoted string\n");
 934                                 exit(1);
 935                         }
 936                         *cp++ = 0;
 937                         continue;
 938                 }
 939
 940                 argv[argc++] = cp;
 941                 /* find end of word */
 942                 cp += strcspn(cp, ws);
 943                 *cp++ = 0;
 944         }
 945         argv[argc] = NULL;
 946
 947         return argc;
 948 }
 949
 950 int inet_get_addr(const char *src, __u32 *dst, struct in6_addr *dst6)
 951 {
 952         if (strchr(src, ':'))
 953                 return inet_pton(AF_INET6, src, dst6);
 954         else
 955                 return inet_pton(AF_INET, src, dst);
 956 }
 957
 958 void print_nlmsg_timestamp(FILE *fp, const struct nlmsghdr *n)
 959 {
 960         char *tstr;
 961         time_t secs = ((__u32*)NLMSG_DATA(n))[0];
 962         long usecs = ((__u32*)NLMSG_DATA(n))[1];
 963         tstr = asctime(localtime(&secs));
 964         tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
 965         fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %lu us\n", tstr, usecs);
 966 }
 967
 968 static int on_netns(char *nsname, void *arg)
 969 {
 970         struct netns_func *f = arg;
 971
 972         if (netns_switch(nsname))
 973                 return -1;
 974
 975         return f->func(nsname, f->arg);
 976 }
 977
 978 static int on_netns_label(char *nsname, void *arg)
 979 {
 980         printf("\nnetns: %s\n", nsname);
 981         return on_netns(nsname, arg);
 982 }
 983
 984 int do_each_netns(int (*func)(char *nsname, void *arg), void *arg,
 985                 bool show_label)
 986 {
 987         struct netns_func nsf = { .func = func, .arg = arg };
 988
 989         if (show_label)
 990                 return netns_foreach(on_netns_label, &nsf);
 991
 992         return netns_foreach(on_netns, &nsf);
 993 }
 994
 995 char *int_to_str(int val, char *buf)
 996 {
 997         sprintf(buf, "%d", val);
 998         return buf;
 999 }