lib/utils.c

   1 /*
   2  * utils.c
   3  *
   4  *              This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5  *              modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   6  *              as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
   7  *              2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8  *
   9  * Authors:     Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
  10  *
  11  */
  12
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include <math.h>
  16 #include <unistd.h>
  17 #include <fcntl.h>
  18 #include <limits.h>
  19 #include <sys/socket.h>
  20 #include <netinet/in.h>
  21 #include <string.h>
  22 #include <ctype.h>
  23 #include <netdb.h>
  24 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  25 #include <asm/types.h>
  26 #include <linux/pkt_sched.h>
  27 #include <linux/param.h>
  28 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
  29 #include <linux/mpls.h>
  30 #include <time.h>
  31 #include <sys/time.h>
  32 #include <errno.h>
  33
  34 #include "rt_names.h"
  35 #include "utils.h"
  36 #include "namespace.h"
  37
  38 int resolve_hosts;
  39 int timestamp_short;
  40 int pretty;
  41
  42 int read_prop(const char *dev, char *prop, long *value)
  43 {
  44         char fname[128], buf[80], *endp, *nl;
  45         FILE *fp;
  46         long result;
  47         int ret;
  48
  49         ret = snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "/sys/class/net/%s/%s",
  50                         dev, prop);
  51
  52         if (ret <= 0 || ret >= sizeof(fname)) {
  53                 fprintf(stderr, "could not build pathname for property\n");
  54                 return -1;
  55         }
  56
  57         fp = fopen(fname, "r");
  58         if (fp == NULL) {
  59                 fprintf(stderr, "fopen %s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
  60                 return -1;
  61         }
  62
  63         if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
  64                 fprintf(stderr, "property \"%s\" in file %s is currently unknown\n", prop, fname);
  65                 fclose(fp);
  66                 goto out;
  67         }
  68
  69         nl = strchr(buf, '\n');
  70         if (nl)
  71                 *nl = '\0';
  72
  73         fclose(fp);
  74         result = strtol(buf, &endp, 0);
  75
  76         if (*endp || buf == endp) {
  77                 fprintf(stderr, "value \"%s\" in file %s is not a number\n",
  78                         buf, fname);
  79                 goto out;
  80         }
  81
  82         if ((result == LONG_MAX || result == LONG_MIN) && errno == ERANGE) {
  83                 fprintf(stderr, "strtol %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
  84                 goto out;
  85         }
  86
  87         *value = result;
  88         return 0;
  89 out:
  90         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to parse %s\n", fname);
  91         return -1;
  92 }
  93
  94 /* Parse a percent e.g: '30%'
  95  * return: 0 = ok, -1 = error, 1 = out of range
  96  */
  97 int parse_percent(double *val, const char *str)
  98 {
  99         char *p;
 100
 101         *val = strtod(str, &p) / 100.;
 102         if (*val == HUGE_VALF || *val == HUGE_VALL)
 103                 return 1;
 104         if (*val == 0.0 || (*p && strcmp(p, "%")))
 105                 return -1;
 106
 107         return 0;
 108 }
 109
 110 int get_hex(char c)
 111 {
 112         if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
 113                 return c - 'A' + 10;
 114         if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
 115                 return c - 'a' + 10;
 116         if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
 117                 return c - '0';
 118
 119         return -1;
 120 }
 121
 122 int get_integer(int *val, const char *arg, int base)
 123 {
 124         long res;
 125         char *ptr;
 126
 127         if (!arg || !*arg)
 128                 return -1;
 129
 130         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 131
 132         /* If there were no digits at all, strtol()  stores
 133          * the original value of nptr in *endptr (and returns 0).
 134          * In particular, if *nptr is not '\0' but **endptr is '\0' on return,
 135          * the entire string is valid.
 136          */
 137         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 138                 return -1;
 139
 140         /* If an underflow occurs, strtol() returns LONG_MIN.
 141          * If an overflow occurs,  strtol() returns LONG_MAX.
 142          * In both cases, errno is set to ERANGE.
 143          */
 144         if ((res == LONG_MAX || res == LONG_MIN) && errno == ERANGE)
 145                 return -1;
 146
 147         /* Outside range of int */
 148         if (res < INT_MIN || res > INT_MAX)
 149                 return -1;
 150
 151         *val = res;
 152         return 0;
 153 }
 154
 155 int mask2bits(__u32 netmask)
 156 {
 157         unsigned int bits = 0;
 158         __u32 mask = ntohl(netmask);
 159         __u32 host = ~mask;
 160
 161         /* a valid netmask must be 2^n - 1 */
 162         if ((host & (host + 1)) != 0)
 163                 return -1;
 164
 165         for (; mask; mask <<= 1)
 166                 ++bits;
 167         return bits;
 168 }
 169
 170 static int get_netmask(unsigned int *val, const char *arg, int base)
 171 {
 172         inet_prefix addr;
 173
 174         if (!get_unsigned(val, arg, base))
 175                 return 0;
 176
 177         /* try coverting dotted quad to CIDR */
 178         if (!get_addr_1(&addr, arg, AF_INET) && addr.family == AF_INET) {
 179                 int b = mask2bits(addr.data[0]);
 180
 181                 if (b >= 0) {
 182                         *val = b;
 183                         return 0;
 184                 }
 185         }
 186
 187         return -1;
 188 }
 189
 190 int get_unsigned(unsigned int *val, const char *arg, int base)
 191 {
 192         unsigned long res;
 193         char *ptr;
 194
 195         if (!arg || !*arg)
 196                 return -1;
 197
 198         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 199
 200         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 201         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 202                 return -1;
 203
 204         /* overflow */
 205         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 206                 return -1;
 207
 208         /* out side range of unsigned */
 209         if (res > UINT_MAX)
 210                 return -1;
 211
 212         *val = res;
 213         return 0;
 214 }
 215
 216 /*
 217  * get_time_rtt is "translated" from a similar routine "get_time" in
 218  * tc_util.c.  We don't use the exact same routine because tc passes
 219  * microseconds to the kernel and the callers of get_time_rtt want to
 220  * pass milliseconds (standard unit for rtt values since 2.6.27), and
 221  * have a different assumption for the units of a "raw" number.
 222  */
 223 int get_time_rtt(unsigned int *val, const char *arg, int *raw)
 224 {
 225         double t;
 226         unsigned long res;
 227         char *p;
 228
 229         if (strchr(arg, '.') != NULL) {
 230                 t = strtod(arg, &p);
 231                 if (t < 0.0)
 232                         return -1;
 233
 234                 /* no digits? */
 235                 if (!p || p == arg)
 236                         return -1;
 237
 238                 /* over/underflow */
 239                 if ((t == HUGE_VALF || t == HUGE_VALL) && errno == ERANGE)
 240                         return -1;
 241         } else {
 242                 res = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 243
 244                 /* empty string? */
 245                 if (!p || p == arg)
 246                         return -1;
 247
 248                 /* overflow */
 249                 if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 250                         return -1;
 251
 252                 t = (double)res;
 253         }
 254
 255         if (p == arg)
 256                 return -1;
 257         *raw = 1;
 258
 259         if (*p) {
 260                 *raw = 0;
 261                 if (strcasecmp(p, "s") == 0 ||
 262                     strcasecmp(p, "sec") == 0 ||
 263                     strcasecmp(p, "secs") == 0)
 264                         t *= 1000;
 265                 else if (strcasecmp(p, "ms") == 0 ||
 266                          strcasecmp(p, "msec") == 0 ||
 267                          strcasecmp(p, "msecs") == 0)
 268                         t *= 1.0; /* allow suffix, do nothing */
 269                 else
 270                         return -1;
 271         }
 272
 273         /* emulate ceil() without having to bring-in -lm and always be >= 1 */
 274         *val = t;
 275         if (*val < t)
 276                 *val += 1;
 277
 278         return 0;
 279
 280 }
 281
 282 int get_u64(__u64 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 283 {
 284         unsigned long long res;
 285         char *ptr;
 286
 287         if (!arg || !*arg)
 288                 return -1;
 289
 290         res = strtoull(arg, &ptr, base);
 291
 292         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 293         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 294                 return -1;
 295
 296         /* overflow */
 297         if (res == ULLONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 298                 return -1;
 299
 300         /* in case ULL is 128 bits */
 301         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL)
 302                 return -1;
 303
 304         *val = res;
 305         return 0;
 306 }
 307
 308 int get_u32(__u32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 309 {
 310         unsigned long res;
 311         char *ptr;
 312
 313         if (!arg || !*arg)
 314                 return -1;
 315         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 316
 317         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 318         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 319                 return -1;
 320
 321         /* overflow */
 322         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 323                 return -1;
 324
 325         /* in case UL > 32 bits */
 326         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
 327                 return -1;
 328
 329         *val = res;
 330         return 0;
 331 }
 332
 333 int get_u16(__u16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 334 {
 335         unsigned long res;
 336         char *ptr;
 337
 338         if (!arg || !*arg)
 339                 return -1;
 340         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 341
 342         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 343         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 344                 return -1;
 345
 346         /* overflow */
 347         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 348                 return -1;
 349
 350         if (res > 0xFFFFUL)
 351                 return -1;
 352
 353         *val = res;
 354         return 0;
 355 }
 356
 357 int get_u8(__u8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 358 {
 359         unsigned long res;
 360         char *ptr;
 361
 362         if (!arg || !*arg)
 363                 return -1;
 364
 365         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 366         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 367         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 368                 return -1;
 369
 370         /* overflow */
 371         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 372                 return -1;
 373
 374         if (res > 0xFFUL)
 375                 return -1;
 376
 377         *val = res;
 378         return 0;
 379 }
 380
 381 int get_s32(__s32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 382 {
 383         long res;
 384         char *ptr;
 385
 386         errno = 0;
 387
 388         if (!arg || !*arg)
 389                 return -1;
 390         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 391         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 392                 return -1;
 393         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 394                 return -1;
 395         if (res > INT32_MAX || res < INT32_MIN)
 396                 return -1;
 397
 398         *val = res;
 399         return 0;
 400 }
 401
 402 int get_s16(__s16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 403 {
 404         long res;
 405         char *ptr;
 406
 407         if (!arg || !*arg)
 408                 return -1;
 409         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 410         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 411                 return -1;
 412         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 413                 return -1;
 414         if (res > 0x7FFF || res < -0x8000)
 415                 return -1;
 416
 417         *val = res;
 418         return 0;
 419 }
 420
 421 int get_s8(__s8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 422 {
 423         long res;
 424         char *ptr;
 425
 426         if (!arg || !*arg)
 427                 return -1;
 428         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 429         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 430                 return -1;
 431         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 432                 return -1;
 433         if (res > 0x7F || res < -0x80)
 434                 return -1;
 435         *val = res;
 436         return 0;
 437 }
 438
 439 int get_be64(__be64 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 440 {
 441         __u64 v;
 442         int ret = get_u64(&v, arg, base);
 443
 444         if (!ret)
 445                 *val = htonll(v);
 446
 447         return ret;
 448 }
 449
 450 int get_be32(__be32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 451 {
 452         __u32 v;
 453         int ret = get_u32(&v, arg, base);
 454
 455         if (!ret)
 456                 *val = htonl(v);
 457
 458         return ret;
 459 }
 460
 461 int get_be16(__be16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 462 {
 463         __u16 v;
 464         int ret = get_u16(&v, arg, base);
 465
 466         if (!ret)
 467                 *val = htons(v);
 468
 469         return ret;
 470 }
 471
 472 /* This uses a non-standard parsing (ie not inet_aton, or inet_pton)
 473  * because of legacy choice to parse 10.8 as 10.8.0.0 not 10.0.0.8
 474  */
 475 static int get_addr_ipv4(__u8 *ap, const char *cp)
 476 {
 477         int i;
 478
 479         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 480                 unsigned long n;
 481                 char *endp;
 482
 483                 n = strtoul(cp, &endp, 0);
 484                 if (n > 255)
 485                         return -1;      /* bogus network value */
 486
 487                 if (endp == cp) /* no digits */
 488                         return -1;
 489
 490                 ap[i] = n;
 491
 492                 if (*endp == '\0')
 493                         break;
 494
 495                 if (i == 3 || *endp != '.')
 496                         return -1;      /* extra characters */
 497                 cp = endp + 1;
 498         }
 499
 500         return 1;
 501 }
 502
 503 int get_addr64(__u64 *ap, const char *cp)
 504 {
 505         int i;
 506
 507         union {
 508                 __u16 v16[4];
 509                 __u64 v64;
 510         } val;
 511
 512         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 513                 unsigned long n;
 514                 char *endp;
 515
 516                 n = strtoul(cp, &endp, 16);
 517                 if (n > 0xffff)
 518                         return -1;      /* bogus network value */
 519
 520                 if (endp == cp) /* no digits */
 521                         return -1;
 522
 523                 val.v16[i] = htons(n);
 524
 525                 if (*endp == '\0')
 526                         break;
 527
 528                 if (i == 3 || *endp != ':')
 529                         return -1;      /* extra characters */
 530                 cp = endp + 1;
 531         }
 532
 533         *ap = val.v64;
 534
 535         return 1;
 536 }
 537
 538 static void set_address_type(inet_prefix *addr)
 539 {
 540         switch (addr->family) {
 541         case AF_INET:
 542                 if (!addr->data[0])
 543                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET_UNSPEC;
 544                 else if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(addr->data[0])))
 545                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET_MULTI;
 546                 else
 547                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET;
 548                 break;
 549         case AF_INET6:
 550                 if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(addr->data))
 551                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET_UNSPEC;
 552                 else if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(addr->data))
 553                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET_MULTI;
 554                 else
 555                         addr->flags |= ADDRTYPE_INET;
 556                 break;
 557         }
 558 }
 559
 560 static int __get_addr_1(inet_prefix *addr, const char *name, int family)
 561 {
 562         memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));
 563
 564         if (strcmp(name, "default") == 0 ||
 565             strcmp(name, "all") == 0 ||
 566             strcmp(name, "any") == 0) {
 567                 if ((family == AF_DECnet) || (family == AF_MPLS))
 568                         return -1;
 569                 addr->family = (family != AF_UNSPEC) ? family : AF_INET;
 570                 addr->bytelen = af_byte_len(addr->family);
 571                 addr->bitlen = -2;
 572                 return 0;
 573         }
 574
 575         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 576                 int len;
 577
 578                 len = ll_addr_a2n((char *) &addr->data, sizeof(addr->data),
 579                                   name);
 580                 if (len < 0)
 581                         return -1;
 582
 583                 addr->family = AF_PACKET;
 584                 addr->bytelen = len;
 585                 addr->bitlen = len * 8;
 586                 return 0;
 587         }
 588
 589         if (strchr(name, ':')) {
 590                 addr->family = AF_INET6;
 591                 if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET6)
 592                         return -1;
 593                 if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, name, addr->data) <= 0)
 594                         return -1;
 595                 addr->bytelen = 16;
 596                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 597                 return 0;
 598         }
 599
 600         if (family == AF_DECnet) {
 601                 struct dn_naddr dna;
 602
 603                 addr->family = AF_DECnet;
 604                 if (dnet_pton(AF_DECnet, name, &dna) <= 0)
 605                         return -1;
 606                 memcpy(addr->data, dna.a_addr, 2);
 607                 addr->bytelen = 2;
 608                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 609                 return 0;
 610         }
 611
 612         if (family == AF_MPLS) {
 613                 unsigned int maxlabels;
 614                 int i;
 615
 616                 addr->family = AF_MPLS;
 617                 if (mpls_pton(AF_MPLS, name, addr->data,
 618                               sizeof(addr->data)) <= 0)
 619                         return -1;
 620                 addr->bytelen = 4;
 621                 addr->bitlen = 20;
 622                 /* How many bytes do I need? */
 623                 maxlabels = sizeof(addr->data) / sizeof(struct mpls_label);
 624                 for (i = 0; i < maxlabels; i++) {
 625                         if (ntohl(addr->data[i]) & MPLS_LS_S_MASK) {
 626                                 addr->bytelen = (i + 1)*4;
 627                                 break;
 628                         }
 629                 }
 630                 return 0;
 631         }
 632
 633         addr->family = AF_INET;
 634         if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET)
 635                 return -1;
 636
 637         if (get_addr_ipv4((__u8 *)addr->data, name) <= 0)
 638                 return -1;
 639
 640         addr->bytelen = 4;
 641         addr->bitlen = -1;
 642         return 0;
 643 }
 644
 645 int get_addr_1(inet_prefix *addr, const char *name, int family)
 646 {
 647         int ret;
 648
 649         ret = __get_addr_1(addr, name, family);
 650         if (ret)
 651                 return ret;
 652
 653         set_address_type(addr);
 654         return 0;
 655 }
 656
 657 int af_bit_len(int af)
 658 {
 659         switch (af) {
 660         case AF_INET6:
 661                 return 128;
 662         case AF_INET:
 663                 return 32;
 664         case AF_DECnet:
 665                 return 16;
 666         case AF_IPX:
 667                 return 80;
 668         case AF_MPLS:
 669                 return 20;
 670         }
 671
 672         return 0;
 673 }
 674
 675 int af_byte_len(int af)
 676 {
 677         return af_bit_len(af) / 8;
 678 }
 679
 680 int get_prefix_1(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 681 {
 682         char *slash;
 683         int err, bitlen, flags;
 684
 685         slash = strchr(arg, '/');
 686         if (slash)
 687                 *slash = 0;
 688
 689         err = get_addr_1(dst, arg, family);
 690
 691         if (slash)
 692                 *slash = '/';
 693
 694         if (err)
 695                 return err;
 696
 697         bitlen = af_bit_len(dst->family);
 698
 699         flags = PREFIXLEN_SPECIFIED;
 700         if (slash) {
 701                 unsigned int plen;
 702
 703                 if (dst->bitlen == -2)
 704                         return -1;
 705                 if (get_netmask(&plen, slash + 1, 0))
 706                         return -1;
 707                 if (plen > bitlen)
 708                         return -1;
 709
 710                 bitlen = plen;
 711         } else {
 712                 if (dst->bitlen == -2)
 713                         bitlen = 0;
 714                 else
 715                         flags = 0;
 716         }
 717
 718         dst->flags |= flags;
 719         dst->bitlen = bitlen;
 720
 721         return 0;
 722 }
 723
 724 static const char *family_name_verbose(int family)
 725 {
 726         if (family == AF_UNSPEC)
 727                 return "any valid";
 728         return family_name(family);
 729 }
 730
 731 int get_addr(inet_prefix *dst, const char *arg, int family)
 732 {
 733         if (get_addr_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 734                 fprintf(stderr,
 735                         "Error: %s address is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 736                         family_name_verbose(family), arg);
 737                 exit(1);
 738         }
 739         return 0;
 740 }
 741
 742 int get_addr_rta(inet_prefix *dst, const struct rtattr *rta, int family)
 743 {
 744         const int len = RTA_PAYLOAD(rta);
 745         const void *data = RTA_DATA(rta);
 746
 747         switch (len) {
 748         case 4:
 749                 dst->family = AF_INET;
 750                 dst->bytelen = 4;
 751                 memcpy(dst->data, data, 4);
 752                 break;
 753         case 16:
 754                 dst->family = AF_INET6;
 755                 dst->bytelen = 16;
 756                 memcpy(dst->data, data, 16);
 757                 break;
 758         case 2:
 759                 dst->family = AF_DECnet;
 760                 dst->bytelen = 2;
 761                 memcpy(dst->data, data, 2);
 762                 break;
 763         case 10:
 764                 dst->family = AF_IPX;
 765                 dst->bytelen = 10;
 766                 memcpy(dst->data, data, 10);
 767                 break;
 768         default:
 769                 return -1;
 770         }
 771
 772         if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != dst->family)
 773                 return -2;
 774
 775         dst->bitlen = -1;
 776         dst->flags = 0;
 777
 778         set_address_type(dst);
 779         return 0;
 780 }
 781
 782 int get_prefix(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 783 {
 784         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 785                 fprintf(stderr,
 786                         "Error: \"%s\" may be inet prefix, but it is not allowed in this context.\n",
 787                         arg);
 788                 exit(1);
 789         }
 790
 791         if (get_prefix_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 792                 fprintf(stderr,
 793                         "Error: %s prefix is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 794                         family_name_verbose(family), arg);
 795                 exit(1);
 796         }
 797         return 0;
 798 }
 799
 800 __u32 get_addr32(const char *name)
 801 {
 802         inet_prefix addr;
 803
 804         if (get_addr_1(&addr, name, AF_INET)) {
 805                 fprintf(stderr,
 806                         "Error: an IP address is expected rather than \"%s\"\n",
 807                         name);
 808                 exit(1);
 809         }
 810         return addr.data[0];
 811 }
 812
 813 void incomplete_command(void)
 814 {
 815         fprintf(stderr, "Command line is not complete. Try option \"help\"\n");
 816         exit(-1);
 817 }
 818
 819 void missarg(const char *key)
 820 {
 821         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is required\n", key);
 822         exit(-1);
 823 }
 824
 825 void invarg(const char *msg, const char *arg)
 826 {
 827         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is wrong: %s\n", arg, msg);
 828         exit(-1);
 829 }
 830
 831 void duparg(const char *key, const char *arg)
 832 {
 833         fprintf(stderr,
 834                 "Error: duplicate \"%s\": \"%s\" is the second value.\n",
 835                 key, arg);
 836         exit(-1);
 837 }
 838
 839 void duparg2(const char *key, const char *arg)
 840 {
 841         fprintf(stderr,
 842                 "Error: either \"%s\" is duplicate, or \"%s\" is a garbage.\n",
 843                 key, arg);
 844         exit(-1);
 845 }
 846
 847 int check_ifname(const char *name)
 848 {
 849         /* These checks mimic kernel checks in dev_valid_name */
 850         if (*name == '\0')
 851                 return -1;
 852         if (strlen(name) >= IFNAMSIZ)
 853                 return -1;
 854
 855         while (*name) {
 856                 if (*name == '/' || isspace(*name))
 857                         return -1;
 858                 ++name;
 859         }
 860         return 0;
 861 }
 862
 863 /* buf is assumed to be IFNAMSIZ */
 864 int get_ifname(char *buf, const char *name)
 865 {
 866         int ret;
 867
 868         ret = check_ifname(name);
 869         if (ret == 0)
 870                 strncpy(buf, name, IFNAMSIZ);
 871
 872         return ret;
 873 }
 874
 875 int matches(const char *cmd, const char *pattern)
 876 {
 877         int len = strlen(cmd);
 878
 879         if (len > strlen(pattern))
 880                 return -1;
 881         return memcmp(pattern, cmd, len);
 882 }
 883
 884 int inet_addr_match(const inet_prefix *a, const inet_prefix *b, int bits)
 885 {
 886         const __u32 *a1 = a->data;
 887         const __u32 *a2 = b->data;
 888         int words = bits >> 0x05;
 889
 890         bits &= 0x1f;
 891
 892         if (words)
 893                 if (memcmp(a1, a2, words << 2))
 894                         return -1;
 895
 896         if (bits) {
 897                 __u32 w1, w2;
 898                 __u32 mask;
 899
 900                 w1 = a1[words];
 901                 w2 = a2[words];
 902
 903                 mask = htonl((0xffffffff) << (0x20 - bits));
 904
 905                 if ((w1 ^ w2) & mask)
 906                         return 1;
 907         }
 908
 909         return 0;
 910 }
 911
 912 int inet_addr_match_rta(const inet_prefix *m, const struct rtattr *rta)
 913 {
 914         inet_prefix dst;
 915
 916         if (!rta || m->family == AF_UNSPEC || m->bitlen <= 0)
 917                 return 0;
 918
 919         if (get_addr_rta(&dst, rta, m->family))
 920                 return -1;
 921
 922         return inet_addr_match(&dst, m, m->bitlen);
 923 }
 924
 925 int __iproute2_hz_internal;
 926
 927 int __get_hz(void)
 928 {
 929         char name[1024];
 930         int hz = 0;
 931         FILE *fp;
 932
 933         if (getenv("HZ"))
 934                 return atoi(getenv("HZ")) ? : HZ;
 935
 936         if (getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED"))
 937                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1,
 938                          "%s", getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED"));
 939         else if (getenv("PROC_ROOT"))
 940                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1,
 941                          "%s/net/psched", getenv("PROC_ROOT"));
 942         else
 943                 strcpy(name, "/proc/net/psched");
 944
 945         fp = fopen(name, "r");
 946
 947         if (fp) {
 948                 unsigned int nom, denom;
 949
 950                 if (fscanf(fp, "%*08x%*08x%08x%08x", &nom, &denom) == 2)
 951                         if (nom == 1000000)
 952                                 hz = denom;
 953                 fclose(fp);
 954         }
 955         if (hz)
 956                 return hz;
 957         return HZ;
 958 }
 959
 960 int __iproute2_user_hz_internal;
 961
 962 int __get_user_hz(void)
 963 {
 964         return sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
 965 }
 966
 967 const char *rt_addr_n2a_r(int af, int len,
 968                           const void *addr, char *buf, int buflen)
 969 {
 970         switch (af) {
 971         case AF_INET:
 972         case AF_INET6:
 973                 return inet_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 974         case AF_MPLS:
 975                 return mpls_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 976         case AF_IPX:
 977                 return ipx_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 978         case AF_DECnet:
 979         {
 980                 struct dn_naddr dna = { 2, { 0, 0, } };
 981
 982                 memcpy(dna.a_addr, addr, 2);
 983                 return dnet_ntop(af, &dna, buf, buflen);
 984         }
 985         case AF_PACKET:
 986                 return ll_addr_n2a(addr, len, ARPHRD_VOID, buf, buflen);
 987         default:
 988                 return "???";
 989         }
 990 }
 991
 992 const char *rt_addr_n2a(int af, int len, const void *addr)
 993 {
 994         static char buf[256];
 995
 996         return rt_addr_n2a_r(af, len, addr, buf, 256);
 997 }
 998
 999 int read_family(const char *name)
1000 {
1001         int family = AF_UNSPEC;
1002
1003         if (strcmp(name, "inet") == 0)
1004                 family = AF_INET;
1005         else if (strcmp(name, "inet6") == 0)
1006                 family = AF_INET6;
1007         else if (strcmp(name, "dnet") == 0)
1008                 family = AF_DECnet;
1009         else if (strcmp(name, "link") == 0)
1010                 family = AF_PACKET;
1011         else if (strcmp(name, "ipx") == 0)
1012                 family = AF_IPX;
1013         else if (strcmp(name, "mpls") == 0)
1014                 family = AF_MPLS;
1015         else if (strcmp(name, "bridge") == 0)
1016                 family = AF_BRIDGE;
1017         return family;
1018 }
1019
1020 const char *family_name(int family)
1021 {
1022         if (family == AF_INET)
1023                 return "inet";
1024         if (family == AF_INET6)
1025                 return "inet6";
1026         if (family == AF_DECnet)
1027                 return "dnet";
1028         if (family == AF_PACKET)
1029                 return "link";
1030         if (family == AF_IPX)
1031                 return "ipx";
1032         if (family == AF_MPLS)
1033                 return "mpls";
1034         if (family == AF_BRIDGE)
1035                 return "bridge";
1036         return "???";
1037 }
1038
1039 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
1040 struct namerec {
1041         struct namerec *next;
1042         const char *name;
1043         inet_prefix addr;
1044 };
1045
1046 #define NHASH 257
1047 static struct namerec *nht[NHASH];
1048
1049 static const char *resolve_address(const void *addr, int len, int af)
1050 {
1051         struct namerec *n;
1052         struct hostent *h_ent;
1053         unsigned int hash;
1054         static int notfirst;
1055
1056
1057         if (af == AF_INET6 && ((__u32 *)addr)[0] == 0 &&
1058             ((__u32 *)addr)[1] == 0 && ((__u32 *)addr)[2] == htonl(0xffff)) {
1059                 af = AF_INET;
1060                 addr += 12;
1061                 len = 4;
1062         }
1063
1064         hash = *(__u32 *)(addr + len - 4) % NHASH;
1065
1066         for (n = nht[hash]; n; n = n->next) {
1067                 if (n->addr.family == af &&
1068                     n->addr.bytelen == len &&
1069                     memcmp(n->addr.data, addr, len) == 0)
1070                         return n->name;
1071         }
1072         n = malloc(sizeof(*n));
1073         if (n == NULL)
1074                 return NULL;
1075         n->addr.family = af;
1076         n->addr.bytelen = len;
1077         n->name = NULL;
1078         memcpy(n->addr.data, addr, len);
1079         n->next = nht[hash];
1080         nht[hash] = n;
1081         if (++notfirst == 1)
1082                 sethostent(1);
1083         fflush(stdout);
1084
1085         h_ent = gethostbyaddr(addr, len, af);
1086         if (h_ent != NULL)
1087                 n->name = strdup(h_ent->h_name);
1088
1089         /* Even if we fail, "negative" entry is remembered. */
1090         return n->name;
1091 }
1092 #endif
1093
1094 const char *format_host_r(int af, int len, const void *addr,
1095                         char *buf, int buflen)
1096 {
1097 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
1098         if (resolve_hosts) {
1099                 const char *n;
1100
1101                 len = len <= 0 ? af_byte_len(af) : len;
1102
1103                 if (len > 0 &&
1104                     (n = resolve_address(addr, len, af)) != NULL)
1105                         return n;
1106         }
1107 #endif
1108         return rt_addr_n2a_r(af, len, addr, buf, buflen);
1109 }
1110
1111 const char *format_host(int af, int len, const void *addr)
1112 {
1113         static char buf[256];
1114
1115         return format_host_r(af, len, addr, buf, 256);
1116 }
1117
1118
1119 char *hexstring_n2a(const __u8 *str, int len, char *buf, int blen)
1120 {
1121         char *ptr = buf;
1122         int i;
1123
1124         for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1125                 if (blen < 3)
1126                         break;
1127                 sprintf(ptr, "%02x", str[i]);
1128                 ptr += 2;
1129                 blen -= 2;
1130         }
1131         return buf;
1132 }
1133
1134 __u8 *hexstring_a2n(const char *str, __u8 *buf, int blen, unsigned int *len)
1135 {
1136         unsigned int cnt = 0;
1137         char *endptr;
1138
1139         if (strlen(str) % 2)
1140                 return NULL;
1141         while (cnt < blen && strlen(str) > 1) {
1142                 unsigned int tmp;
1143                 char tmpstr[3];
1144
1145                 strncpy(tmpstr, str, 2);
1146                 tmpstr[2] = '\0';
1147                 errno = 0;
1148                 tmp = strtoul(tmpstr, &endptr, 16);
1149                 if (errno != 0 || tmp > 0xFF || *endptr != '\0')
1150                         return NULL;
1151                 buf[cnt++] = tmp;
1152                 str += 2;
1153         }
1154
1155         if (len)
1156                 *len = cnt;
1157
1158         return buf;
1159 }
1160
1161 int hex2mem(const char *buf, uint8_t *mem, int count)
1162 {
1163         int i, j;
1164         int c;
1165
1166         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < count; i++, j += 2) {
1167                 c = get_hex(buf[j]);
1168                 if (c < 0)
1169                         return -1;
1170
1171                 mem[i] = c << 4;
1172
1173                 c = get_hex(buf[j + 1]);
1174                 if (c < 0)
1175                         return -1;
1176
1177                 mem[i] |= c;
1178         }
1179
1180         return 0;
1181 }
1182
1183 int addr64_n2a(__u64 addr, char *buff, size_t len)
1184 {
1185         __u16 *words = (__u16 *)&addr;
1186         __u16 v;
1187         int i, ret;
1188         size_t written = 0;
1189         char *sep = ":";
1190
1191         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1192                 v = ntohs(words[i]);
1193
1194                 if (i == 3)
1195                         sep = "";
1196
1197                 ret = snprintf(&buff[written], len - written, "%x%s", v, sep);
1198                 if (ret < 0)
1199                         return ret;
1200
1201                 written += ret;
1202         }
1203
1204         return written;
1205 }
1206
1207 /* Print buffer and escape bytes that are !isprint or among 'escape' */
1208 void print_escape_buf(const __u8 *buf, size_t len, const char *escape)
1209 {
1210         size_t i;
1211
1212         for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1213                 if (isprint(buf[i]) && buf[i] != '\\' &&
1214                     !strchr(escape, buf[i]))
1215                         printf("%c", buf[i]);
1216                 else
1217                         printf("\\%03o", buf[i]);
1218         }
1219 }
1220
1221 int print_timestamp(FILE *fp)
1222 {
1223         struct timeval tv;
1224         struct tm *tm;
1225
1226         gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1227         tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
1228
1229         if (timestamp_short) {
1230                 char tshort[40];
1231
1232                 strftime(tshort, sizeof(tshort), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1233                 fprintf(fp, "[%s.%06ld] ", tshort, tv.tv_usec);
1234         } else {
1235                 char *tstr = asctime(tm);
1236
1237                 tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
1238                 fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %ld usec\n",
1239                         tstr, tv.tv_usec);
1240         }
1241
1242         return 0;
1243 }
1244
1245 int cmdlineno;
1246
1247 /* Like glibc getline but handle continuation lines and comments */
1248 ssize_t getcmdline(char **linep, size_t *lenp, FILE *in)
1249 {
1250         ssize_t cc;
1251         char *cp;
1252
1253         cc = getline(linep, lenp, in);
1254         if (cc < 0)
1255                 return cc;      /* eof or error */
1256         ++cmdlineno;
1257
1258         cp = strchr(*linep, '#');
1259         if (cp)
1260                 *cp = '\0';
1261
1262         while ((cp = strstr(*linep, "\\\n")) != NULL) {
1263                 char *line1 = NULL;
1264                 size_t len1 = 0;
1265                 ssize_t cc1;
1266
1267                 cc1 = getline(&line1, &len1, in);
1268                 if (cc1 < 0) {
1269                         fprintf(stderr, "Missing continuation line\n");
1270                         return cc1;
1271                 }
1272
1273                 ++cmdlineno;
1274                 *cp = 0;
1275
1276                 cp = strchr(line1, '#');
1277                 if (cp)
1278                         *cp = '\0';
1279
1280                 *lenp = strlen(*linep) + strlen(line1) + 1;
1281                 *linep = realloc(*linep, *lenp);
1282                 if (!*linep) {
1283                         fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
1284                         *lenp = 0;
1285                         return -1;
1286                 }
1287                 cc += cc1 - 2;
1288                 strcat(*linep, line1);
1289                 free(line1);
1290         }
1291         return cc;
1292 }
1293
1294 /* split command line into argument vector */
1295 int makeargs(char *line, char *argv[], int maxargs)
1296 {
1297         static const char ws[] = " \t\r\n";
1298         char *cp = line;
1299         int argc = 0;
1300
1301         while (*cp) {
1302                 /* skip leading whitespace */
1303                 cp += strspn(cp, ws);
1304
1305                 if (*cp == '\0')
1306                         break;
1307
1308                 if (argc >= (maxargs - 1)) {
1309                         fprintf(stderr, "Too many arguments to command\n");
1310                         exit(1);
1311                 }
1312
1313                 /* word begins with quote */
1314                 if (*cp == '\'' || *cp == '"') {
1315                         char quote = *cp++;
1316
1317                         argv[argc++] = cp;
1318                         /* find ending quote */
1319                         cp = strchr(cp, quote);
1320                         if (cp == NULL) {
1321                                 fprintf(stderr, "Unterminated quoted string\n");
1322                                 exit(1);
1323                         }
1324                 } else {
1325                         argv[argc++] = cp;
1326
1327                         /* find end of word */
1328                         cp += strcspn(cp, ws);
1329                         if (*cp == '\0')
1330                                 break;
1331                 }
1332
1333                 /* seperate words */
1334                 *cp++ = 0;
1335         }
1336         argv[argc] = NULL;
1337
1338         return argc;
1339 }
1340
1341 void print_nlmsg_timestamp(FILE *fp, const struct nlmsghdr *n)
1342 {
1343         char *tstr;
1344         time_t secs = ((__u32 *)NLMSG_DATA(n))[0];
1345         long usecs = ((__u32 *)NLMSG_DATA(n))[1];
1346
1347         tstr = asctime(localtime(&secs));
1348         tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
1349         fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %lu us\n", tstr, usecs);
1350 }
1351
1352 static int on_netns(char *nsname, void *arg)
1353 {
1354         struct netns_func *f = arg;
1355
1356         if (netns_switch(nsname))
1357                 return -1;
1358
1359         return f->func(nsname, f->arg);
1360 }
1361
1362 static int on_netns_label(char *nsname, void *arg)
1363 {
1364         printf("\nnetns: %s\n", nsname);
1365         return on_netns(nsname, arg);
1366 }
1367
1368 int do_each_netns(int (*func)(char *nsname, void *arg), void *arg,
1369                 bool show_label)
1370 {
1371         struct netns_func nsf = { .func = func, .arg = arg };
1372
1373         if (show_label)
1374                 return netns_foreach(on_netns_label, &nsf);
1375
1376         return netns_foreach(on_netns, &nsf);
1377 }
1378
1379 char *int_to_str(int val, char *buf)
1380 {
1381         sprintf(buf, "%d", val);
1382         return buf;
1383 }
1384
1385 int get_guid(__u64 *guid, const char *arg)
1386 {
1387         unsigned long int tmp;
1388         char *endptr;
1389         int i;
1390
1391 #define GUID_STR_LEN 23
1392         /* Verify strict format: format string must be
1393          * xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx where xx can be an arbitrary
1394          * hex digit
1395          */
1396
1397         if (strlen(arg) != GUID_STR_LEN)
1398                 return -1;
1399
1400         /* make sure columns are in place */
1401         for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)
1402                 if (arg[2 + i * 3] != ':')
1403                         return -1;
1404
1405         *guid = 0;
1406         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1407                 tmp = strtoul(arg + i * 3, &endptr, 16);
1408                 if (endptr != arg + i * 3 + 2)
1409                         return -1;
1410
1411                 if (tmp > 255)
1412                         return -1;
1413
1414                  *guid |= tmp << (56 - 8 * i);
1415         }
1416
1417         return 0;
1418 }
1419
1420 /* This is a necessary workaround for multicast route dumps */
1421 int get_real_family(int rtm_type, int rtm_family)
1422 {
1423         if (rtm_type != RTN_MULTICAST)
1424                 return rtm_family;
1425
1426         if (rtm_family == RTNL_FAMILY_IPMR)
1427                 return AF_INET;
1428
1429         if (rtm_family == RTNL_FAMILY_IP6MR)
1430                 return AF_INET6;
1431
1432         return rtm_family;
1433 }
1434
1435 /* Based on copy_rtnl_link_stats() from kernel at net/core/rtnetlink.c */
1436 static void copy_rtnl_link_stats64(struct rtnl_link_stats64 *stats64,
1437                                    const struct rtnl_link_stats *stats)
1438 {
1439         __u64 *a = (__u64 *)stats64;
1440         const __u32 *b = (const __u32 *)stats;
1441         const __u32 *e = b + sizeof(*stats) / sizeof(*b);
1442
1443         while (b < e)
1444                 *a++ = *b++;
1445 }
1446
1447 int get_rtnl_link_stats_rta(struct rtnl_link_stats64 *stats64,
1448                             struct rtattr *tb[])
1449 {
1450         struct rtnl_link_stats stats;
1451         void *s;
1452         struct rtattr *rta;
1453         int size, len;
1454
1455         if (tb[IFLA_STATS64]) {
1456                 rta = tb[IFLA_STATS64];
1457                 size = sizeof(struct rtnl_link_stats64);
1458                 s = stats64;
1459         } else if (tb[IFLA_STATS]) {
1460                 rta = tb[IFLA_STATS];
1461                 size = sizeof(struct rtnl_link_stats);
1462                 s = &stats;
1463         } else {
1464                 return -1;
1465         }
1466
1467         len = RTA_PAYLOAD(rta);
1468         if (len < size)
1469                 memset(s + len, 0, size - len);
1470         else
1471                 len = size;
1472
1473         memcpy(s, RTA_DATA(rta), len);
1474
1475         if (s != stats64)
1476                 copy_rtnl_link_stats64(stats64, s);
1477         return size;
1478 }
1479
1480 #ifdef NEED_STRLCPY
1481 size_t strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size)
1482 {
1483         size_t srclen = strlen(src);
1484
1485         if (size) {
1486                 size_t minlen = min(srclen, size - 1);
1487
1488                 memcpy(dst, src, minlen);
1489                 dst[minlen] = '\0';
1490         }
1491         return srclen;
1492 }
1493
1494 size_t strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size)
1495 {
1496         size_t dlen = strlen(dst);
1497
1498         if (dlen >= size)
1499                 return dlen + strlen(src);
1500
1501         return dlen + strlcpy(dst + dlen, src, size - dlen);
1502 }
1503 #endif