lib/utils.c

   1 /*
   2  * utils.c
   3  *
   4  *              This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5  *              modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
   6  *              as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
   7  *              2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8  *
   9  * Authors:     Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
  10  *
  11  */
  12
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include <math.h>
  16 #include <unistd.h>
  17 #include <syslog.h>
  18 #include <fcntl.h>
  19 #include <limits.h>
  20 #include <sys/socket.h>
  21 #include <netinet/in.h>
  22 #include <string.h>
  23 #include <netdb.h>
  24 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  25 #include <asm/types.h>
  26 #include <linux/pkt_sched.h>
  27 #include <linux/param.h>
  28 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
  29 #include <linux/mpls.h>
  30 #include <time.h>
  31 #include <sys/time.h>
  32 #include <errno.h>
  33
  34 #include "rt_names.h"
  35 #include "utils.h"
  36 #include "namespace.h"
  37
  38 int timestamp_short = 0;
  39
  40 int get_integer(int *val, const char *arg, int base)
  41 {
  42         long res;
  43         char *ptr;
  44
  45         if (!arg || !*arg)
  46                 return -1;
  47
  48         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
  49
  50         /* If there were no digits at all, strtol()  stores
  51          * the original value of nptr in *endptr (and returns 0).
  52          * In particular, if *nptr is not '\0' but **endptr is '\0' on return,
  53          * the entire string is valid.
  54          */
  55         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
  56                 return -1;
  57
  58         /* If an underflow occurs, strtol() returns LONG_MIN.
  59          * If an overflow occurs,  strtol() returns LONG_MAX.
  60          * In both cases, errno is set to ERANGE.
  61          */
  62         if ((res == LONG_MAX || res == LONG_MIN) && errno == ERANGE)
  63                 return -1;
  64
  65         /* Outside range of int */
  66         if (res < INT_MIN || res > INT_MAX)
  67                 return -1;
  68
  69         *val = res;
  70         return 0;
  71 }
  72
  73 int mask2bits(__u32 netmask)
  74 {
  75         unsigned bits = 0;
  76         __u32 mask = ntohl(netmask);
  77         __u32 host = ~mask;
  78
  79         /* a valid netmask must be 2^n - 1 */
  80         if ((host & (host + 1)) != 0)
  81                 return -1;
  82
  83         for (; mask; mask <<= 1)
  84                 ++bits;
  85         return bits;
  86 }
  87
  88 static int get_netmask(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int base)
  89 {
  90         inet_prefix addr;
  91
  92         if (!get_unsigned(val, arg, base))
  93                 return 0;
  94
  95         /* try coverting dotted quad to CIDR */
  96         if (!get_addr_1(&addr, arg, AF_INET) && addr.family == AF_INET) {
  97                 int b = mask2bits(addr.data[0]);
  98
  99                 if (b >= 0) {
 100                         *val = b;
 101                         return 0;
 102                 }
 103         }
 104
 105         return -1;
 106 }
 107
 108 int get_unsigned(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int base)
 109 {
 110         unsigned long res;
 111         char *ptr;
 112
 113         if (!arg || !*arg)
 114                 return -1;
 115
 116         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 117
 118         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 119         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 120                 return -1;
 121
 122         /* overflow */
 123         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 124                 return -1;
 125
 126         /* out side range of unsigned */
 127         if (res > UINT_MAX)
 128                 return -1;
 129
 130         *val = res;
 131         return 0;
 132 }
 133
 134 /*
 135  * get_time_rtt is "translated" from a similar routine "get_time" in
 136  * tc_util.c.  We don't use the exact same routine because tc passes
 137  * microseconds to the kernel and the callers of get_time_rtt want to
 138  * pass milliseconds (standard unit for rtt values since 2.6.27), and
 139  * have a different assumption for the units of a "raw" number.
 140  */
 141 int get_time_rtt(unsigned *val, const char *arg, int *raw)
 142 {
 143         double t;
 144         unsigned long res;
 145         char *p;
 146
 147         if (strchr(arg, '.') != NULL) {
 148                 t = strtod(arg, &p);
 149                 if (t < 0.0)
 150                         return -1;
 151
 152                 /* no digits? */
 153                 if (!p || p == arg)
 154                         return -1;
 155
 156                 /* over/underflow */
 157                 if ((t == HUGE_VALF || t == HUGE_VALL) && errno == ERANGE)
 158                         return -1;
 159         } else {
 160                 res = strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
 161
 162                 /* empty string? */
 163                 if (!p || p == arg)
 164                         return -1;
 165
 166                 /* overflow */
 167                 if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 168                         return -1;
 169
 170                 t = (double)res;
 171         }
 172
 173         if (p == arg)
 174                 return -1;
 175         *raw = 1;
 176
 177         if (*p) {
 178                 *raw = 0;
 179                 if (strcasecmp(p, "s") == 0 || strcasecmp(p, "sec")==0 ||
 180                     strcasecmp(p, "secs")==0)
 181                         t *= 1000;
 182                 else if (strcasecmp(p, "ms") == 0 || strcasecmp(p, "msec")==0 ||
 183                          strcasecmp(p, "msecs") == 0)
 184                         t *= 1.0; /* allow suffix, do nothing */
 185                 else
 186                         return -1;
 187         }
 188
 189         /* emulate ceil() without having to bring-in -lm and always be >= 1 */
 190
 191         *val = t;
 192         if (*val < t)
 193                 *val += 1;
 194
 195         return 0;
 196
 197 }
 198
 199 int get_u64(__u64 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 200 {
 201         unsigned long long res;
 202         char *ptr;
 203
 204         if (!arg || !*arg)
 205                 return -1;
 206
 207         res = strtoull(arg, &ptr, base);
 208
 209         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 210         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 211                 return -1;
 212
 213         /* overflow */
 214         if (res == ULLONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 215                 return -1;
 216
 217         /* in case ULL is 128 bits */
 218         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL)
 219                 return -1;
 220
 221         *val = res;
 222         return 0;
 223 }
 224
 225 int get_u32(__u32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 226 {
 227         unsigned long res;
 228         char *ptr;
 229
 230         if (!arg || !*arg)
 231                 return -1;
 232         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 233
 234         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 235         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 236                 return -1;
 237
 238         /* overflow */
 239         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 240                 return -1;
 241
 242         /* in case UL > 32 bits */
 243         if (res > 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
 244                 return -1;
 245
 246         *val = res;
 247         return 0;
 248 }
 249
 250 int get_u16(__u16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 251 {
 252         unsigned long res;
 253         char *ptr;
 254
 255         if (!arg || !*arg)
 256                 return -1;
 257         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 258
 259         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 260         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 261                 return -1;
 262
 263         /* overflow */
 264         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 265                 return -1;
 266
 267         if (res > 0xFFFFUL)
 268                 return -1;
 269
 270         *val = res;
 271         return 0;
 272 }
 273
 274 int get_u8(__u8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 275 {
 276         unsigned long res;
 277         char *ptr;
 278
 279         if (!arg || !*arg)
 280                 return -1;
 281
 282         res = strtoul(arg, &ptr, base);
 283         /* empty string or trailing non-digits */
 284         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 285                 return -1;
 286
 287         /* overflow */
 288         if (res == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
 289                 return -1;
 290
 291         if (res > 0xFFUL)
 292                 return -1;
 293
 294         *val = res;
 295         return 0;
 296 }
 297
 298 int get_s32(__s32 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 299 {
 300         long res;
 301         char *ptr;
 302
 303         errno = 0;
 304
 305         if (!arg || !*arg)
 306                 return -1;
 307         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 308         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 309                 return -1;
 310         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 311                 return -1;
 312         if (res > INT32_MAX || res < INT32_MIN)
 313                 return -1;
 314
 315         *val = res;
 316         return 0;
 317 }
 318
 319 int get_s16(__s16 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 320 {
 321         long res;
 322         char *ptr;
 323
 324         if (!arg || !*arg)
 325                 return -1;
 326         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 327         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 328                 return -1;
 329         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 330                 return -1;
 331         if (res > 0x7FFF || res < -0x8000)
 332                 return -1;
 333
 334         *val = res;
 335         return 0;
 336 }
 337
 338 int get_s8(__s8 *val, const char *arg, int base)
 339 {
 340         long res;
 341         char *ptr;
 342
 343         if (!arg || !*arg)
 344                 return -1;
 345         res = strtol(arg, &ptr, base);
 346         if (!ptr || ptr == arg || *ptr)
 347                 return -1;
 348         if ((res == LONG_MIN || res == LONG_MAX) && errno == ERANGE)
 349                 return -1;
 350         if (res > 0x7F || res < -0x80)
 351                 return -1;
 352         *val = res;
 353         return 0;
 354 }
 355
 356 /* This uses a non-standard parsing (ie not inet_aton, or inet_pton)
 357  * because of legacy choice to parse 10.8 as 10.8.0.0 not 10.0.0.8
 358  */
 359 static int get_addr_ipv4(__u8 *ap, const char *cp)
 360 {
 361         int i;
 362
 363         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 364                 unsigned long n;
 365                 char *endp;
 366
 367                 n = strtoul(cp, &endp, 0);
 368                 if (n > 255)
 369                         return -1;      /* bogus network value */
 370
 371                 if (endp == cp) /* no digits */
 372                         return -1;
 373
 374                 ap[i] = n;
 375
 376                 if (*endp == '\0')
 377                         break;
 378
 379                 if (i == 3 || *endp != '.')
 380                         return -1;      /* extra characters */
 381                 cp = endp + 1;
 382         }
 383
 384         return 1;
 385 }
 386
 387 int get_addr64(__u64 *ap, const char *cp)
 388 {
 389         int i;
 390
 391         union {
 392                 __u16 v16[4];
 393                 __u64 v64;
 394         } val;
 395
 396         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 397                 unsigned long n;
 398                 char *endp;
 399
 400                 n = strtoul(cp, &endp, 16);
 401                 if (n > 0xffff)
 402                         return -1;      /* bogus network value */
 403
 404                 if (endp == cp) /* no digits */
 405                         return -1;
 406
 407                 val.v16[i] = htons(n);
 408
 409                 if (*endp == '\0')
 410                         break;
 411
 412                 if (i == 3 || *endp != ':')
 413                         return -1;      /* extra characters */
 414                 cp = endp + 1;
 415         }
 416
 417         *ap = val.v64;
 418
 419         return 1;
 420 }
 421
 422 int get_addr_1(inet_prefix *addr, const char *name, int family)
 423 {
 424         memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));
 425
 426         if (strcmp(name, "default") == 0 ||
 427             strcmp(name, "all") == 0 ||
 428             strcmp(name, "any") == 0) {
 429                 if ((family == AF_DECnet) || (family == AF_MPLS))
 430                         return -1;
 431                 addr->family = family;
 432                 addr->bytelen = (family == AF_INET6 ? 16 : 4);
 433                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 434                 return 0;
 435         }
 436
 437         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 438                 int len;
 439                 len = ll_addr_a2n((char *)&addr->data, sizeof(addr->data), name);
 440                 if (len < 0)
 441                         return -1;
 442
 443                 addr->family = AF_PACKET;
 444                 addr->bytelen = len;
 445                 addr->bitlen = len * 8;
 446                 return 0;
 447         }
 448
 449         if (strchr(name, ':')) {
 450                 addr->family = AF_INET6;
 451                 if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET6)
 452                         return -1;
 453                 if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, name, addr->data) <= 0)
 454                         return -1;
 455                 addr->bytelen = 16;
 456                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 457                 return 0;
 458         }
 459
 460         if (family == AF_DECnet) {
 461                 struct dn_naddr dna;
 462                 addr->family = AF_DECnet;
 463                 if (dnet_pton(AF_DECnet, name, &dna) <= 0)
 464                         return -1;
 465                 memcpy(addr->data, dna.a_addr, 2);
 466                 addr->bytelen = 2;
 467                 addr->bitlen = -1;
 468                 return 0;
 469         }
 470
 471         if (family == AF_MPLS) {
 472                 int i;
 473                 addr->family = AF_MPLS;
 474                 if (mpls_pton(AF_MPLS, name, addr->data) <= 0)
 475                         return -1;
 476                 addr->bytelen = 4;
 477                 addr->bitlen = 20;
 478                 /* How many bytes do I need? */
 479                 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 480                         if (ntohl(addr->data[i]) & MPLS_LS_S_MASK) {
 481                                 addr->bytelen = (i + 1)*4;
 482                                 break;
 483                         }
 484                 }
 485                 return 0;
 486         }
 487
 488         addr->family = AF_INET;
 489         if (family != AF_UNSPEC && family != AF_INET)
 490                 return -1;
 491
 492         if (get_addr_ipv4((__u8 *)addr->data, name) <= 0)
 493                 return -1;
 494
 495         addr->bytelen = 4;
 496         addr->bitlen = -1;
 497         return 0;
 498 }
 499
 500 int af_bit_len(int af)
 501 {
 502         switch (af) {
 503         case AF_INET6:
 504                 return 128;
 505         case AF_INET:
 506                 return 32;
 507         case AF_DECnet:
 508                 return 16;
 509         case AF_IPX:
 510                 return 80;
 511         case AF_MPLS:
 512                 return 20;
 513         }
 514
 515         return 0;
 516 }
 517
 518 int af_byte_len(int af)
 519 {
 520         return af_bit_len(af) / 8;
 521 }
 522
 523 int get_prefix_1(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 524 {
 525         int err;
 526         unsigned plen;
 527         char *slash;
 528
 529         memset(dst, 0, sizeof(*dst));
 530
 531         if (strcmp(arg, "default") == 0 ||
 532             strcmp(arg, "any") == 0 ||
 533             strcmp(arg, "all") == 0) {
 534                 if ((family == AF_DECnet) || (family == AF_MPLS))
 535                         return -1;
 536                 dst->family = family;
 537                 dst->bytelen = 0;
 538                 dst->bitlen = 0;
 539                 return 0;
 540         }
 541
 542         slash = strchr(arg, '/');
 543         if (slash)
 544                 *slash = 0;
 545
 546         err = get_addr_1(dst, arg, family);
 547         if (err == 0) {
 548                 dst->bitlen = af_bit_len(dst->family);
 549
 550                 if (slash) {
 551                         if (get_netmask(&plen, slash+1, 0)
 552                             || plen > dst->bitlen) {
 553                                 err = -1;
 554                                 goto done;
 555                         }
 556                         dst->flags |= PREFIXLEN_SPECIFIED;
 557                         dst->bitlen = plen;
 558                 }
 559         }
 560 done:
 561         if (slash)
 562                 *slash = '/';
 563         return err;
 564 }
 565
 566 int get_addr(inet_prefix *dst, const char *arg, int family)
 567 {
 568         if (get_addr_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 569                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s address is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 570                                 family_name(family) ,arg);
 571                 exit(1);
 572         }
 573         return 0;
 574 }
 575
 576 int get_prefix(inet_prefix *dst, char *arg, int family)
 577 {
 578         if (family == AF_PACKET) {
 579                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: \"%s\" may be inet prefix, but it is not allowed in this context.\n", arg);
 580                 exit(1);
 581         }
 582         if (get_prefix_1(dst, arg, family)) {
 583                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s prefix is expected rather than \"%s\".\n",
 584                                 family_name(family) ,arg);
 585                 exit(1);
 586         }
 587         return 0;
 588 }
 589
 590 __u32 get_addr32(const char *name)
 591 {
 592         inet_prefix addr;
 593         if (get_addr_1(&addr, name, AF_INET)) {
 594                 fprintf(stderr, "Error: an IP address is expected rather than \"%s\"\n", name);
 595                 exit(1);
 596         }
 597         return addr.data[0];
 598 }
 599
 600 void incomplete_command(void)
 601 {
 602         fprintf(stderr, "Command line is not complete. Try option \"help\"\n");
 603         exit(-1);
 604 }
 605
 606 void missarg(const char *key)
 607 {
 608         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is required\n", key);
 609         exit(-1);
 610 }
 611
 612 void invarg(const char *msg, const char *arg)
 613 {
 614         fprintf(stderr, "Error: argument \"%s\" is wrong: %s\n", arg, msg);
 615         exit(-1);
 616 }
 617
 618 void duparg(const char *key, const char *arg)
 619 {
 620         fprintf(stderr, "Error: duplicate \"%s\": \"%s\" is the second value.\n", key, arg);
 621         exit(-1);
 622 }
 623
 624 void duparg2(const char *key, const char *arg)
 625 {
 626         fprintf(stderr, "Error: either \"%s\" is duplicate, or \"%s\" is a garbage.\n", key, arg);
 627         exit(-1);
 628 }
 629
 630 int matches(const char *cmd, const char *pattern)
 631 {
 632         int len = strlen(cmd);
 633         if (len > strlen(pattern))
 634                 return -1;
 635         return memcmp(pattern, cmd, len);
 636 }
 637
 638 int inet_addr_match(const inet_prefix *a, const inet_prefix *b, int bits)
 639 {
 640         const __u32 *a1 = a->data;
 641         const __u32 *a2 = b->data;
 642         int words = bits >> 0x05;
 643
 644         bits &= 0x1f;
 645
 646         if (words)
 647                 if (memcmp(a1, a2, words << 2))
 648                         return -1;
 649
 650         if (bits) {
 651                 __u32 w1, w2;
 652                 __u32 mask;
 653
 654                 w1 = a1[words];
 655                 w2 = a2[words];
 656
 657                 mask = htonl((0xffffffff) << (0x20 - bits));
 658
 659                 if ((w1 ^ w2) & mask)
 660                         return 1;
 661         }
 662
 663         return 0;
 664 }
 665
 666 int __iproute2_hz_internal;
 667
 668 int __get_hz(void)
 669 {
 670         char name[1024];
 671         int hz = 0;
 672         FILE *fp;
 673
 674         if (getenv("HZ"))
 675                 return atoi(getenv("HZ")) ? : HZ;
 676
 677         if (getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED")) {
 678                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1, "%s", getenv("PROC_NET_PSCHED"));
 679         } else if (getenv("PROC_ROOT")) {
 680                 snprintf(name, sizeof(name)-1, "%s/net/psched", getenv("PROC_ROOT"));
 681         } else {
 682                 strcpy(name, "/proc/net/psched");
 683         }
 684         fp = fopen(name, "r");
 685
 686         if (fp) {
 687                 unsigned nom, denom;
 688                 if (fscanf(fp, "%*08x%*08x%08x%08x", &nom, &denom) == 2)
 689                         if (nom == 1000000)
 690                                 hz = denom;
 691                 fclose(fp);
 692         }
 693         if (hz)
 694                 return hz;
 695         return HZ;
 696 }
 697
 698 int __iproute2_user_hz_internal;
 699
 700 int __get_user_hz(void)
 701 {
 702         return sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
 703 }
 704
 705 const char *rt_addr_n2a(int af, int len, const void *addr, char *buf, int buflen)
 706 {
 707         switch (af) {
 708         case AF_INET:
 709         case AF_INET6:
 710                 return inet_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 711         case AF_MPLS:
 712                 return mpls_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 713         case AF_IPX:
 714                 return ipx_ntop(af, addr, buf, buflen);
 715         case AF_DECnet:
 716         {
 717                 struct dn_naddr dna = { 2, { 0, 0, }};
 718                 memcpy(dna.a_addr, addr, 2);
 719                 return dnet_ntop(af, &dna, buf, buflen);
 720         }
 721         case AF_PACKET:
 722                 return ll_addr_n2a(addr, len, ARPHRD_VOID, buf, buflen);
 723         default:
 724                 return "???";
 725         }
 726 }
 727
 728 int read_family(const char *name)
 729 {
 730         int family = AF_UNSPEC;
 731         if (strcmp(name, "inet") == 0)
 732                 family = AF_INET;
 733         else if (strcmp(name, "inet6") == 0)
 734                 family = AF_INET6;
 735         else if (strcmp(name, "dnet") == 0)
 736                 family = AF_DECnet;
 737         else if (strcmp(name, "link") == 0)
 738                 family = AF_PACKET;
 739         else if (strcmp(name, "ipx") == 0)
 740                 family = AF_IPX;
 741         else if (strcmp(name, "mpls") == 0)
 742                 family = AF_MPLS;
 743         else if (strcmp(name, "bridge") == 0)
 744                 family = AF_BRIDGE;
 745         return family;
 746 }
 747
 748 const char *family_name(int family)
 749 {
 750         if (family == AF_INET)
 751                 return "inet";
 752         if (family == AF_INET6)
 753                 return "inet6";
 754         if (family == AF_DECnet)
 755                 return "dnet";
 756         if (family == AF_PACKET)
 757                 return "link";
 758         if (family == AF_IPX)
 759                 return "ipx";
 760         if (family == AF_MPLS)
 761                 return "mpls";
 762         if (family == AF_BRIDGE)
 763                 return "bridge";
 764         return "???";
 765 }
 766
 767 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
 768 struct namerec
 769 {
 770         struct namerec *next;
 771         const char *name;
 772         inet_prefix addr;
 773 };
 774
 775 #define NHASH 257
 776 static struct namerec *nht[NHASH];
 777
 778 static const char *resolve_address(const void *addr, int len, int af)
 779 {
 780         struct namerec *n;
 781         struct hostent *h_ent;
 782         unsigned hash;
 783         static int notfirst;
 784
 785
 786         if (af == AF_INET6 && ((__u32*)addr)[0] == 0 &&
 787             ((__u32*)addr)[1] == 0 && ((__u32*)addr)[2] == htonl(0xffff)) {
 788                 af = AF_INET;
 789                 addr += 12;
 790                 len = 4;
 791         }
 792
 793         hash = *(__u32 *)(addr + len - 4) % NHASH;
 794
 795         for (n = nht[hash]; n; n = n->next) {
 796                 if (n->addr.family == af &&
 797                     n->addr.bytelen == len &&
 798                     memcmp(n->addr.data, addr, len) == 0)
 799                         return n->name;
 800         }
 801         if ((n = malloc(sizeof(*n))) == NULL)
 802                 return NULL;
 803         n->addr.family = af;
 804         n->addr.bytelen = len;
 805         n->name = NULL;
 806         memcpy(n->addr.data, addr, len);
 807         n->next = nht[hash];
 808         nht[hash] = n;
 809         if (++notfirst == 1)
 810                 sethostent(1);
 811         fflush(stdout);
 812
 813         if ((h_ent = gethostbyaddr(addr, len, af)) != NULL)
 814                 n->name = strdup(h_ent->h_name);
 815
 816         /* Even if we fail, "negative" entry is remembered. */
 817         return n->name;
 818 }
 819 #endif
 820
 821 const char *format_host(int af, int len, const void *addr,
 822                         char *buf, int buflen)
 823 {
 824 #ifdef RESOLVE_HOSTNAMES
 825         if (resolve_hosts) {
 826                 const char *n;
 827
 828                 len = len <= 0 ? af_byte_len(af) : len;
 829
 830                 if (len > 0 &&
 831                     (n = resolve_address(addr, len, af)) != NULL)
 832                         return n;
 833         }
 834 #endif
 835         return rt_addr_n2a(af, len, addr, buf, buflen);
 836 }
 837
 838
 839 char *hexstring_n2a(const __u8 *str, int len, char *buf, int blen)
 840 {
 841         char *ptr = buf;
 842         int i;
 843
 844         for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 845                 if (blen < 3)
 846                         break;
 847                 sprintf(ptr, "%02x", str[i]);
 848                 ptr += 2;
 849                 blen -= 2;
 850         }
 851         return buf;
 852 }
 853
 854 __u8* hexstring_a2n(const char *str, __u8 *buf, int blen)
 855 {
 856         int cnt = 0;
 857         char *endptr;
 858
 859         if (strlen(str) % 2)
 860                 return NULL;
 861         while (cnt < blen && strlen(str) > 1) {
 862                 unsigned int tmp;
 863                 char tmpstr[3];
 864
 865                 strncpy(tmpstr, str, 2);
 866                 tmpstr[2] = '\0';
 867                 tmp = strtoul(tmpstr, &endptr, 16);
 868                 if (errno != 0 || tmp > 0xFF || *endptr != '\0')
 869                         return NULL;
 870                 buf[cnt++] = tmp;
 871                 str += 2;
 872         }
 873         return buf;
 874 }
 875
 876 int addr64_n2a(__u64 addr, char *buff, size_t len)
 877 {
 878         __u16 *words = (__u16 *)&addr;
 879         __u16 v;
 880         int i, ret;
 881         size_t written = 0;
 882         char *sep = ":";
 883
 884         for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 885                 v = ntohs(words[i]);
 886
 887                 if (i == 3)
 888                         sep = "";
 889
 890                 ret = snprintf(&buff[written], len - written, "%x%s", v, sep);
 891                 if (ret < 0)
 892                         return ret;
 893
 894                 written += ret;
 895         }
 896
 897         return written;
 898 }
 899
 900 int print_timestamp(FILE *fp)
 901 {
 902         struct timeval tv;
 903         struct tm *tm;
 904
 905         gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 906         tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
 907
 908         if (timestamp_short) {
 909                 char tshort[40];
 910
 911                 strftime(tshort, sizeof(tshort), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
 912                 fprintf(fp, "[%s.%06ld] ", tshort, tv.tv_usec);
 913         } else {
 914                 char *tstr = asctime(tm);
 915
 916                 tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
 917                 fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %ld usec\n",
 918                         tstr, tv.tv_usec);
 919         }
 920
 921         return 0;
 922 }
 923
 924 int cmdlineno;
 925
 926 /* Like glibc getline but handle continuation lines and comments */
 927 ssize_t getcmdline(char **linep, size_t *lenp, FILE *in)
 928 {
 929         ssize_t cc;
 930         char *cp;
 931
 932         if ((cc = getline(linep, lenp, in)) < 0)
 933                 return cc;      /* eof or error */
 934         ++cmdlineno;
 935
 936         cp = strchr(*linep, '#');
 937         if (cp)
 938                 *cp = '\0';
 939
 940         while ((cp = strstr(*linep, "\\\n")) != NULL) {
 941                 char *line1 = NULL;
 942                 size_t len1 = 0;
 943                 ssize_t cc1;
 944
 945                 if ((cc1 = getline(&line1, &len1, in)) < 0) {
 946                         fprintf(stderr, "Missing continuation line\n");
 947                         return cc1;
 948                 }
 949
 950                 ++cmdlineno;
 951                 *cp = 0;
 952
 953                 cp = strchr(line1, '#');
 954                 if (cp)
 955                         *cp = '\0';
 956
 957                 *lenp = strlen(*linep) + strlen(line1) + 1;
 958                 *linep = realloc(*linep, *lenp);
 959                 if (!*linep) {
 960                         fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
 961                         *lenp = 0;
 962                         return -1;
 963                 }
 964                 cc += cc1 - 2;
 965                 strcat(*linep, line1);
 966                 free(line1);
 967         }
 968         return cc;
 969 }
 970
 971 /* split command line into argument vector */
 972 int makeargs(char *line, char *argv[], int maxargs)
 973 {
 974         static const char ws[] = " \t\r\n";
 975         char *cp;
 976         int argc = 0;
 977
 978         for (cp = line + strspn(line, ws); *cp; cp += strspn(cp, ws)) {
 979                 if (argc >= (maxargs - 1)) {
 980                         fprintf(stderr, "Too many arguments to command\n");
 981                         exit(1);
 982                 }
 983
 984                 /* word begins with quote */
 985                 if (*cp == '\'' || *cp == '"') {
 986                         char quote = *cp++;
 987
 988                         argv[argc++] = cp;
 989                         /* find ending quote */
 990                         cp = strchr(cp, quote);
 991                         if (cp == NULL) {
 992                                 fprintf(stderr, "Unterminated quoted string\n");
 993                                 exit(1);
 994                         }
 995                         *cp++ = 0;
 996                         continue;
 997                 }
 998
 999                 argv[argc++] = cp;
1000                 /* find end of word */
1001                 cp += strcspn(cp, ws);
1002                 *cp++ = 0;
1003         }
1004         argv[argc] = NULL;
1005
1006         return argc;
1007 }
1008
1009 int inet_get_addr(const char *src, __u32 *dst, struct in6_addr *dst6)
1010 {
1011         if (strchr(src, ':'))
1012                 return inet_pton(AF_INET6, src, dst6);
1013         else
1014                 return inet_pton(AF_INET, src, dst);
1015 }
1016
1017 void print_nlmsg_timestamp(FILE *fp, const struct nlmsghdr *n)
1018 {
1019         char *tstr;
1020         time_t secs = ((__u32*)NLMSG_DATA(n))[0];
1021         long usecs = ((__u32*)NLMSG_DATA(n))[1];
1022         tstr = asctime(localtime(&secs));
1023         tstr[strlen(tstr)-1] = 0;
1024         fprintf(fp, "Timestamp: %s %lu us\n", tstr, usecs);
1025 }
1026
1027 static int on_netns(char *nsname, void *arg)
1028 {
1029         struct netns_func *f = arg;
1030
1031         if (netns_switch(nsname))
1032                 return -1;
1033
1034         return f->func(nsname, f->arg);
1035 }
1036
1037 static int on_netns_label(char *nsname, void *arg)
1038 {
1039         printf("\nnetns: %s\n", nsname);
1040         return on_netns(nsname, arg);
1041 }
1042
1043 int do_each_netns(int (*func)(char *nsname, void *arg), void *arg,
1044                 bool show_label)
1045 {
1046         struct netns_func nsf = { .func = func, .arg = arg };
1047
1048         if (show_label)
1049                 return netns_foreach(on_netns_label, &nsf);
1050
1051         return netns_foreach(on_netns, &nsf);
1052 }
1053
1054 char *int_to_str(int val, char *buf)
1055 {
1056         sprintf(buf, "%d", val);
1057         return buf;
1058 }