man/man8/ip-link.8.in

   1 .TH IP\-LINK 8 "13 Dec 2012" "iproute2" "Linux"
   2 .SH "NAME"
   3 ip-link \- network device configuration
   4 .SH "SYNOPSIS"
   5 .sp
   6 .ad l
   7 .in +8
   8 .ti -8
   9 .B ip
  10 .RI "[ " OPTIONS " ]"
  11 .B link
  12 .RI  " { " COMMAND " | "
  13 .BR help " }"
  14 .sp
  15
  16 .ti -8
  17 .IR OPTIONS " := { "
  18 \fB\-V\fR[\fIersion\fR] |
  19 \fB\-h\fR[\fIuman-readable\fR] |
  20 \fB\-s\fR[\fItatistics\fR] |
  21 \fB\-r\fR[\fIesolve\fR] |
  22 \fB\-f\fR[\fIamily\fR] {
  23 .BR inet " | " inet6 " | " ipx " | " dnet " | " link " } | "
  24 \fB\-o\fR[\fIneline\fR] }
  25
  26 .ti -8
  27 .BI "ip link add"
  28 .RB "[ " link
  29 .IR DEVICE " ]"
  30 .RB "[ " name " ]"
  31 .I NAME
  32 .br
  33 .RB "[ " txqueuelen
  34 .IR PACKETS " ]"
  35 .br
  36 .RB "[ " address
  37 .IR LLADDR " ]"
  38 .RB "[ " broadcast
  39 .IR LLADDR " ]"
  40 .br
  41 .RB "[ " mtu
  42 .IR MTU " ]"
  43 .RB "[ " index
  44 .IR IDX " ]"
  45 .br
  46 .RB "[ " numtxqueues
  47 .IR QUEUE_COUNT " ]"
  48 .RB "[ " numrxqueues
  49 .IR QUEUE_COUNT " ]"
  50 .br
  51 .BR type " TYPE"
  52 .RI "[ " ARGS " ]"
  53
  54 .ti -8
  55 .IR TYPE " := [ "
  56 .BR bridge " | "
  57 .BR bond " | "
  58 .BR can " | "
  59 .BR dummy " | "
  60 .BR hsr " | "
  61 .BR ifb " | "
  62 .BR ipoib " |"
  63 .BR macvlan  " | "
  64 .BR macvtap  " | "
  65 .BR vcan " | "
  66 .BR veth " | "
  67 .BR vlan " | "
  68 .BR vxlan " |"
  69 .BR ip6tnl " |"
  70 .BR ipip " |"
  71 .BR sit " |"
  72 .BR gre " |"
  73 .BR gretap " |"
  74 .BR ip6gre " |"
  75 .BR ip6gretap " ]"
  76
  77 .ti -8
  78 .BI "ip link delete " DEVICE
  79 .BI type " TYPE"
  80 .RI "[ " ARGS " ]"
  81
  82 .ti -8
  83 .BR "ip link set " {
  84 .IR DEVICE " | "
  85 .BI "group " GROUP
  86 .RB "} { " up " | " down " | " arp " { " on " | " off " } |"
  87 .br
  88 .BR promisc " { " on " | " off " } |"
  89 .br
  90 .BR allmulticast " { " on " | " off " } |"
  91 .br
  92 .BR dynamic " { " on " | " off " } |"
  93 .br
  94 .BR multicast " { " on " | " off " } |"
  95 .br
  96 .B  txqueuelen
  97 .IR PACKETS " |"
  98 .br
  99 .B  name
 100 .IR NEWNAME " |"
 101 .br
 102 .B  address
 103 .IR LLADDR " |"
 104 .B  broadcast
 105 .IR LLADDR " |"
 106 .br
 107 .B  mtu
 108 .IR MTU " |"
 109 .br
 110 .B  netns
 111 .IR PID " |"
 112 .br
 113 .B  netns
 114 .IR NETNSNAME " |"
 115 .br
 116 .B alias
 117 .IR NAME  " |"
 118 .br
 119 .B vf
 120 .IR NUM " ["
 121 .B  mac
 122 .IR LLADDR " ] ["
 123 .B vlan
 124 .IR VLANID " [ "
 125 .B qos
 126 .IR VLAN-QOS " ] ] ["
 127 .B rate
 128 .IR TXRATE " ] ["
 129 .B max_tx_rate
 130 .IR TXRATE " ] ["
 131 .B min_tx_rate
 132 .IR TXRATE " ] ["
 133 .B spoofchk { on | off } ] [
 134 .B state { auto | enable | disable}
 135 ] |
 136 .br
 137 .B master
 138 .IR DEVICE
 139 .br
 140 .B nomaster
 141 .BR " }"
 142
 143
 144 .ti -8
 145 .B ip link show
 146 .RI "[ " DEVICE " | "
 147 .B group
 148 .IR GROUP " | "
 149 .BR up " | "
 150 .B master
 151 .IR DEVICE " | "
 152 .B type
 153 .IR TYPE " ]"
 154
 155 .ti -8
 156 .B ip link help
 157 .RI "[ " TYPE " ]"
 158
 159 .SH "DESCRIPTION"
 160 .SS ip link add - add virtual link
 161
 162 .TP
 163 .BI link " DEVICE "
 164 specifies the physical device to act operate on.
 165
 166 .I NAME
 167 specifies the name of the new virtual device.
 168
 169 .I TYPE
 170 specifies the type of the new device.
 171 .sp
 172 Link types:
 173
 174 .in +8
 175 .B bridge
 176 - Ethernet Bridge device
 177 .sp
 178 .B bond
 179 - Bonding device
 180 .sp
 181 .B dummy
 182 - Dummy network interface
 183 .sp
 184 .B hsr
 185 - High-availability Seamless Redundancy device
 186 .sp
 187 .B ifb
 188 - Intermediate Functional Block device
 189 .sp
 190 .B ipoib
 191 - IP over Infiniband device
 192 .sp
 193 .B macvlan
 194 - Virtual interface base on link layer address (MAC)
 195 .sp
 196 .B macvtap
 197 - Virtual interface based on link layer address (MAC) and TAP.
 198 .sp
 199 .B vcan
 200 - Virtual Controller Area Network interface
 201 .sp
 202 .B veth
 203 - Virtual ethernet interface
 204 .sp
 205 .BR vlan
 206 - 802.1q tagged virtual LAN interface
 207 .sp
 208 .BR vxlan
 209 - Virtual eXtended LAN
 210 .sp
 211 .BR ip6tnl
 212 - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4|IPv6 over IPv6
 213 .sp
 214 .BR ipip
 215 - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4 over IPv4
 216 .sp
 217 .BR sit
 218 - Virtual tunnel interface IPv6 over IPv4
 219 .sp
 220 .BR gre
 221 - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv4
 222 .sp
 223 .BR gretap
 224 - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv4
 225 .sp
 226 .BR ip6gre
 227 - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv6
 228 .sp
 229 .BR ip6gretap
 230 - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv6
 231 .in -8
 232
 233 .TP
 234 .BI numtxqueues " QUEUE_COUNT "
 235 specifies the number of transmit queues for new device.
 236
 237 .TP
 238 .BI numrxqueues " QUEUE_COUNT "
 239 specifies the number of receive queues for new device.
 240
 241 .TP
 242 .BI index " IDX "
 243 specifies the desired index of the new virtual device. The link creation fails, if the index is busy.
 244
 245 .TP
 246 VXLAN Type Support
 247 For a link of type
 248 .I VXLAN
 249 the following additional arguments are supported:
 250
 251 .BI "ip link add " DEVICE
 252 .BI type " vxlan " id " ID"
 253 .R " [ "
 254 .BI dev " PHYS_DEV "
 255 .RB " ] [ { " group " | " remote " } "
 256 .I IPADDR
 257 .R " ] [ "
 258 .BI local " IPADDR "
 259 .R " ] [ "
 260 .BI ttl " TTL "
 261 .R " ] [ "
 262 .BI tos " TOS "
 263 .R " ] [ "
 264 .BI port " MIN MAX "
 265 .R " ] [ "
 266 .I "[no]learning "
 267 .R " ] [ "
 268 .I "[no]proxy "
 269 .R " ] [ "
 270 .I "[no]rsc "
 271 .R " ] [ "
 272 .I "[no]l2miss "
 273 .R " ] [ "
 274 .I "[no]l3miss "
 275 .R " ] [ "
 276 .BI ageing " SECONDS "
 277 .R " ] [ "
 278 .BI maxaddress " NUMBER "
 279 .R " ] [ "
 280 .B gbp
 281 .R " ]"
 282
 283 .in +8
 284 .sp
 285 .BI  id " VNI "
 286 - specifies the VXLAN Network Identifer (or VXLAN Segment
 287 Identifier) to use.
 288
 289 .BI dev " PHYS_DEV"
 290 - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint communication.
 291
 292 .sp
 293 .BI group " IPADDR"
 294 - specifies the multicast IP address to join.
 295 This parameter cannot be specified with the
 296 .B remote
 297 parameter.
 298
 299 .sp
 300 .BI remote " IPADDR"
 301 - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in outgoing packets
 302 when the destination link layer address is not known in the VXLAN device
 303 forwarding database.  This parameter cannot be specified with the
 304 .B group
 305 parameter.
 306
 307 .sp
 308 .BI local " IPADDR"
 309 - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.
 310
 311 .sp
 312 .BI ttl " TTL"
 313 - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.
 314
 315 .sp
 316 .BI tos " TOS"
 317 - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.
 318
 319 .sp
 320 .BI port " MIN MAX"
 321 - specifies the range of port numbers to use as UDP
 322 source ports to communicate to the remote VXLAN tunnel endpoint.
 323
 324 .sp
 325 .I [no]learning
 326 - specifies if unknown source link layer addresses and IP addresses
 327 are entered into the VXLAN device forwarding database.
 328
 329 .sp
 330 .I [no]rsc
 331 - specifies if route short circuit is turned on.
 332
 333 .sp
 334 .I [no]proxy
 335 - specifies ARP proxy is turned on.
 336
 337 .sp
 338 .I [no]l2miss
 339 - specifies if netlink LLADDR miss notifications are generated.
 340
 341 .sp
 342 .I [no]l3miss
 343 - specifies if netlink IP ADDR miss notifications are generated.
 344
 345 .sp
 346 .BI ageing " SECONDS"
 347 - specifies the lifetime in seconds of FDB entries learnt by the kernel.
 348
 349 .sp
 350 .BI maxaddress " NUMBER"
 351 - specifies the maximum number of FDB entries.
 352
 353 .sp
 354 .B gbp
 355 - enables the Group Policy extension (VXLAN-GBP).
 356
 357 .in +4
 358 Allows to transport group policy context across VXLAN network peers.
 359 If enabled, includes the mark of a packet in the VXLAN header for outgoing
 360 packets and fills the packet mark based on the information found in the
 361 VXLAN header for incomming packets.
 362
 363 Format of upper 16 bits of packet mark (flags);
 364
 365 .in +2
 366 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 367 .br
 368 |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|D|-|-|A|-|-|-|
 369 .br
 370 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 371
 372 .B D :=
 373 Don't Learn bit. When set, this bit indicates that the egress
 374 VTEP MUST NOT learn the source address of the encapsulated frame.
 375
 376 .B A :=
 377 Indicates that the group policy has already been applied to
 378 this packet. Policies MUST NOT be applied by devices when the A bit is set.
 379 .in -2
 380
 381 Format of lower 16 bits of packet mark (policy ID):
 382
 383 .in +2
 384 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 385 .br
 386 |        Group Policy ID        |
 387 .br
 388 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 389 .in -2
 390
 391 Example:
 392   iptables -A OUTPUT [...] -j MARK --set-mark 0x800FF
 393
 394 .in -4
 395
 396 .in -8
 397
 398 .TP
 399 GRE, IPIP, SIT Type Support
 400 For a link of types
 401 .I GRE/IPIP/SIT
 402 the following additional arguments are supported:
 403
 404 .BI "ip link add " DEVICE
 405 .BR type " { gre | ipip | sit } "
 406 .BI " remote " ADDR " local " ADDR
 407 .R " [ "
 408 .BR encap " { fou | gue | none } "
 409 .R " ] [ "
 410 .BI "encap-sport { " PORT " | auto } "
 411 .R " ] [ "
 412 .BI "encap-dport " PORT
 413 .R " ] [ "
 414 .I " [no]encap-csum "
 415 .R " ] [ "
 416 .I " [no]encap-remcsum "
 417 .R " ]"
 418
 419 .in +8
 420 .sp
 421 .BI  remote " ADDR "
 422 - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.
 423
 424 .sp
 425 .BI  local " ADDR "
 426 - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets.
 427 It must be an address on another interface on this host.
 428
 429 .sp
 430 .BR encap " { fou | gue | none } "
 431 - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation. "fou" indicates
 432 Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.
 433
 434 .sp
 435 .BI "encap-sport { " PORT " | auto } "
 436 - specifies the source port in UDP encapsulation.
 437 .IR PORT
 438 indicates the port by number, "auto"
 439 indicates that the port number should be chosen automatically
 440 (the kernel picks a flow based on the flow hash of the
 441 encapsulated packet).
 442
 443 .sp
 444 .I [no]encap-csum
 445 - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary
 446 encapsulation.
 447
 448 .sp
 449 .I [no]encap-remcsum
 450 - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This is only
 451 applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.
 452
 453 .in -8
 454
 455 .TP
 456 IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP Type Support
 457 For a link of type
 458 .I IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP
 459 the following additional arguments are supported:
 460
 461 .BI "ip link add " DEVICE
 462 .BI type " { ip6gre | ip6gretap }  " remote " ADDR " local " ADDR
 463 .R " [ "
 464 .I "[i|o]seq]"
 465 .R " ] [ "
 466 .I "[i|o]key" KEY
 467 .R " ] [ "
 468 .I " [i|o]csum "
 469 .R " ] [ "
 470 .BI hoplimit " TTL "
 471 .R " ] [ "
 472 .BI encaplimit " ELIM "
 473 .R " ] [ "
 474 .BI tclass " TCLASS "
 475 .R " ] [ "
 476 .BI flowlabel " FLOWLABEL "
 477 .R " ] [ "
 478 .BI "dscp inherit"
 479 .R " ] [ "
 480 .BI dev " PHYS_DEV "
 481 .R " ]"
 482
 483 .in +8
 484 .sp
 485 .BI  remote " ADDR "
 486 - specifies the remote IPv6 address of the tunnel.
 487
 488 .sp
 489 .BI  local " ADDR "
 490 - specifies the fixed local IPv6 address for tunneled packets.
 491 It must be an address on another interface on this host.
 492
 493 .sp
 494 .BI  [i|o]seq
 495 - serialize packets.
 496 The
 497 .B oseq
 498 flag enables sequencing of outgoing packets.
 499 The
 500 .B iseq
 501 flag requires that all input packets are serialized.
 502
 503 .sp
 504 .BI  [i|o]key " KEY"
 505 - use keyed GRE with key
 506 .IR KEY ". "KEY
 507 is either a number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad.
 508 The
 509 .B key
 510 parameter specifies the same key to use in both directions.
 511 The
 512 .BR ikey " and " okey
 513 parameters specify different keys for input and output.
 514
 515 .sp
 516 .BI  [i|o]csum
 517 - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets.
 518 The
 519 .B ocsum
 520 flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets.
 521 The
 522 .B icsum
 523 flag requires that all input packets have the correct
 524 checksum.  The
 525 .B csum
 526 flag is equivalent to the combination
 527 .BR "icsum ocsum" .
 528
 529 .sp
 530 .BI  hoplimit " TTL"
 531 - specifies Hop Limit value to use in outgoing packets.
 532
 533 .sp
 534 .BI  encaplimit " ELIM"
 535 - specifies a fixed encapsulation limit.  Default is 4.
 536
 537 .sp
 538 .BI  flowlabel " FLOWLABEL"
 539 - specifies a fixed flowlabel.
 540
 541 .sp
 542 .BI  tclass " TCLASS"
 543 - specifies the traffic class field on
 544 tunneled packets, which can be specified as either a two-digit
 545 hex value (e.g. c0) or a predefined string (e.g. internet).
 546 The value
 547 .B inherit
 548 causes the field to be copied from the original IP header. The
 549 values
 550 .BI "inherit/" STRING
 551 or
 552 .BI "inherit/" 00 ".." ff
 553 will set the field to
 554 .I STRING
 555 or
 556 .IR 00 ".." ff
 557 when tunneling non-IP packets. The default value is 00.
 558
 559 .in -8
 560
 561 .TP
 562 IPoIB Type Support
 563 For a link of type
 564 .I IPoIB
 565 the following additional arguments are supported:
 566
 567 .BI "ip link add " DEVICE " name " NAME
 568 .BI type " ipoib [ " pkey " PKEY ] [" mode " MODE " ]
 569
 570 .in +8
 571 .sp
 572 .BI  pkey " PKEY "
 573 - specifies the IB P-Key to use.
 574
 575 .BI  mode " MODE "
 576 - specifies the mode (datagram or connected) to use.
 577
 578 .SS ip link delete - delete virtual link
 579 .I DEVICE
 580 specifies the virtual  device to act operate on.
 581 .I TYPE
 582 specifies the type of the device.
 583
 584
 585 .TP
 586 .BI dev " DEVICE "
 587 specifies the physical device to act operate on.
 588
 589 .SS ip link set - change device attributes
 590
 591 .TP
 592 .BI dev " DEVICE "
 593 .I DEVICE
 594 specifies network device to operate on. When configuring SR-IOV Virtual Function
 595 (VF) devices, this keyword should specify the associated Physical Function (PF)
 596 device.
 597
 598 .TP
 599 .BI group " GROUP "
 600 .I GROUP
 601 has a dual role: If both group and dev are present, then move the device to the
 602 specified group.  If only a group is specified, then the command operates on
 603 all devices in that group.
 604
 605 .TP
 606 .BR up " and " down
 607 change the state of the device to
 608 .B UP
 609 or
 610 .BR "DOWN" .
 611
 612 .TP
 613 .BR "arp on " or " arp off"
 614 change the
 615 .B NOARP
 616 flag on the device.
 617
 618 .TP
 619 .BR "multicast on " or " multicast off"
 620 change the
 621 .B MULTICAST
 622 flag on the device.
 623
 624 .TP
 625 .BR "dynamic on " or " dynamic off"
 626 change the
 627 .B DYNAMIC
 628 flag on the device.
 629
 630 .TP
 631 .BI name " NAME"
 632 change the name of the device.  This operation is not
 633 recommended if the device is running or has some addresses
 634 already configured.
 635
 636 .TP
 637 .BI txqueuelen " NUMBER"
 638 .TP
 639 .BI txqlen " NUMBER"
 640 change the transmit queue length of the device.
 641
 642 .TP
 643 .BI mtu " NUMBER"
 644 change the
 645 .I MTU
 646 of the device.
 647
 648 .TP
 649 .BI address " LLADDRESS"
 650 change the station address of the interface.
 651
 652 .TP
 653 .BI broadcast " LLADDRESS"
 654 .TP
 655 .BI brd " LLADDRESS"
 656 .TP
 657 .BI peer " LLADDRESS"
 658 change the link layer broadcast address or the peer address when
 659 the interface is
 660 .IR "POINTOPOINT" .
 661
 662 .TP
 663 .BI netns " PID"
 664 move the device to the network namespace associated with the process
 665 .IR "PID".
 666
 667 .TP
 668 .BI netns " NETNSNAME"
 669 move the device to the network namespace associated with name
 670 .IR "NETNSNAME".
 671
 672 .TP
 673 .BI alias " NAME"
 674 give the device a symbolic name for easy reference.
 675
 676 .TP
 677 .BI group " GROUP"
 678 specify the group the device belongs to.
 679 The available groups are listed in file
 680 .BR "@SYSCONFDIR@/group" .
 681
 682 .TP
 683 .BI vf " NUM"
 684 specify a Virtual Function device to be configured. The associated PF device
 685 must be specified using the
 686 .B dev
 687 parameter.
 688
 689 .in +8
 690 .BI mac " LLADDRESS"
 691 - change the station address for the specified VF. The
 692 .B vf
 693 parameter must be specified.
 694
 695 .sp
 696 .BI vlan " VLANID"
 697 - change the assigned VLAN for the specified VF. When specified, all traffic
 698 sent from the VF will be tagged with the specified VLAN ID. Incoming traffic
 699 will be filtered for the specified VLAN ID, and will have all VLAN tags
 700 stripped before being passed to the VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables
 701 VLAN tagging and filtering. The
 702 .B vf
 703 parameter must be specified.
 704
 705 .sp
 706 .BI qos " VLAN-QOS"
 707 - assign VLAN QOS (priority) bits for the VLAN tag. When specified, all VLAN
 708 tags transmitted by the VF will include the specified priority bits in the
 709 VLAN tag. If not specified, the value is assumed to be 0. Both the
 710 .B vf
 711 and
 712 .B vlan
 713 parameters must be specified. Setting both
 714 .B vlan
 715 and
 716 .B qos
 717 as 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering for the VF.
 718
 719 .sp
 720 .BI rate " TXRATE"
 721 -- change the allowed transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF.
 722 Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting.
 723 .B vf
 724 parameter must be specified.
 725 Please use new API
 726 .B "max_tx_rate"
 727 option instead.
 728
 729 .sp
 730 .BI max_tx_rate " TXRATE"
 731 - change the allowed maximum transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF.
 732 .B vf
 733 parameter must be specified.
 734
 735 .sp
 736 .BI min_tx_rate " TXRATE"
 737 - change the allowed minimum transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF.
 738 Minimum TXRATE should be always <= Maximum TXRATE.
 739 .B vf
 740 parameter must be specified.
 741
 742 .sp
 743 .BI spoofchk " on|off"
 744 - turn packet spoof checking on or off for the specified VF.
 745 .sp
 746 .BI state " auto|enable|disable"
 747 - set the virtual link state as seen by the specified VF. Setting to auto means a
 748 reflection of the PF link state, enable lets the VF to communicate with other VFs on
 749 this host even if the PF link state is down, disable causes the HW to drop any packets
 750 sent by the VF.
 751 .in -8
 752
 753 .TP
 754 .BI master " DEVICE"
 755 set master device of the device (enslave device).
 756
 757 .TP
 758 .BI nomaster
 759 unset master device of the device (release device).
 760
 761 .PP
 762 .B Warning:
 763 If multiple parameter changes are requested,
 764 .B ip
 765 aborts immediately after any of the changes have failed.
 766 This is the only case when
 767 .B ip
 768 can move the system to an unpredictable state.  The solution
 769 is to avoid changing several parameters with one
 770 .B ip link set
 771 call.
 772
 773 .SS  ip link show - display device attributes
 774
 775 .TP
 776 .BI dev " NAME " (default)
 777 .I NAME
 778 specifies the network device to show.
 779 If this argument is omitted all devices in the default group are listed.
 780
 781 .TP
 782 .BI group " GROUP "
 783 .I GROUP
 784 specifies what group of devices to show.
 785
 786 .TP
 787 .B up
 788 only display running interfaces.
 789
 790 .TP
 791 .BI master " DEVICE "
 792 .I DEVICE
 793 specifies the master device which enslaves devices to show.
 794
 795 .TP
 796 .BI type " TYPE "
 797 .I TYPE
 798 specifies the type of devices to show.
 799
 800 .TP
 801 The show command has additional formatting options:
 802
 803 .RS
 804 .TP
 805 .BR "\-s" , " \-stats", " \-statistics"
 806 output more statistics about packet usage.
 807
 808 .TP
 809 .BR "\-d", " \-details"
 810 output more detailed information.
 811
 812 .TP
 813 .BR "\-h", " \-human", " \-human-readble"
 814 output statistics with human readable values number followed by suffix
 815
 816 .TP
 817 .BR "\-iec"
 818 print human readable rates in IEC units (ie. 1K = 1024).
 819 .RE
 820
 821 .SS  ip link help - display help
 822
 823 .PP
 824 .I "TYPE"
 825 specifies which help of link type to dislpay.
 826
 827 .SH "EXAMPLES"
 828 .PP
 829 ip link show
 830 .RS 4
 831 Shows the state of all network interfaces on the system.
 832 .RE
 833 .PP
 834 ip link show type bridge
 835 .RS 4
 836 Shows the bridge devices.
 837 .RE
 838 .PP
 839 ip link show type vlan
 840 .RS 4
 841 Shows the vlan devices.
 842 .RE
 843 .PP
 844 ip link show master br0
 845 .RS 4
 846 Shows devices enslaved by br0
 847 .RE
 848 .PP
 849 ip link set dev ppp0 mtu 1400
 850 .RS 4
 851 Change the MTU the ppp0 device.
 852 .RE
 853 .PP
 854 ip link add link eth0 name eth0.10 type vlan id 10
 855 .RS 4
 856 Creates a new vlan device eth0.10 on device eth0.
 857 .RE
 858 .PP
 859 ip link delete dev eth0.10
 860 .RS 4
 861 Removes vlan device.
 862 .RE
 863
 864 ip link help gre
 865 .RS 4
 866 Display help for the gre link type.
 867 .RE
 868 .PP
 869 ip link add name tun1 type ipip remote 192.168.1.1
 870 local 192.168.1.2 ttl 225 encap gue encap-sport auto
 871 encap-dport 5555 encap-csum encap-remcsum
 872 .RS 4
 873 Creates an IPIP that is encapsulated with Generic UDP Encapsulation,
 874 and the outer UDP checksum and remote checksum offload are enabled.
 875
 876 .RE
 877
 878 .SH SEE ALSO
 879 .br
 880 .BR ip (8)
 881
 882 .SH AUTHOR
 883 Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <mci@owl.openwall.com>