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1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /* internal.h: mm/ internal definitions
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2004 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
6 */
7 #ifndef __MM_INTERNAL_H
8 #define __MM_INTERNAL_H
9
10 #include <linux/fs.h>
11 #include <linux/mm.h>
12 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
13 #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h>
14
15 /*
16 * The set of flags that only affect watermark checking and reclaim
17 * behaviour. This is used by the MM to obey the caller constraints
18 * about IO, FS and watermark checking while ignoring placement
19 * hints such as HIGHMEM usage.
20 */
21 #define GFP_RECLAIM_MASK (__GFP_RECLAIM|__GFP_HIGH|__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|\
22 __GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL|__GFP_NOFAIL|\
23 __GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_MEMALLOC|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|\
24 __GFP_ATOMIC)
25
26 /* The GFP flags allowed during early boot */
27 #define GFP_BOOT_MASK (__GFP_BITS_MASK & ~(__GFP_RECLAIM|__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS))
28
29 /* Control allocation cpuset and node placement constraints */
30 #define GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK (__GFP_HARDWALL|__GFP_THISNODE)
31
32 /* Do not use these with a slab allocator */
33 #define GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK (__GFP_DMA32|__GFP_HIGHMEM|~__GFP_BITS_MASK)
34
35 void page_writeback_init(void);
36
37 vm_fault_t do_swap_page(struct vm_fault *vmf);
38
39 void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *start_vma,
40 unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling);
41
42 static inline bool can_madv_lru_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
43 {
44 return !(vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP));
45 }
46
47 void unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
48 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
49 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
50 struct zap_details *details);
51
52 extern unsigned int __do_page_cache_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
53 struct file *filp, pgoff_t offset, unsigned long nr_to_read,
54 unsigned long lookahead_size);
55
56 /*
57 * Submit IO for the read-ahead request in file_ra_state.
58 */
59 static inline unsigned long ra_submit(struct file_ra_state *ra,
60 struct address_space *mapping, struct file *filp)
61 {
62 return __do_page_cache_readahead(mapping, filp,
63 ra->start, ra->size, ra->async_size);
64 }
65
66 /**
67 * page_evictable - test whether a page is evictable
68 * @page: the page to test
69 *
70 * Test whether page is evictable--i.e., should be placed on active/inactive
71 * lists vs unevictable list.
72 *
73 * Reasons page might not be evictable:
74 * (1) page's mapping marked unevictable
75 * (2) page is part of an mlocked VMA
76 *
77 */
78 static inline bool page_evictable(struct page *page)
79 {
80 bool ret;
81
82 /* Prevent address_space of inode and swap cache from being freed */
83 rcu_read_lock();
84 ret = !mapping_unevictable(page_mapping(page)) && !PageMlocked(page);
85 rcu_read_unlock();
86 return ret;
87 }
88
89 /*
90 * Turn a non-refcounted page (->_refcount == 0) into refcounted with
91 * a count of one.
92 */
93 static inline void set_page_refcounted(struct page *page)
94 {
95 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTail(page), page);
96 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page), page);
97 set_page_count(page, 1);
98 }
99
100 extern unsigned long highest_memmap_pfn;
101
102 /*
103 * Maximum number of reclaim retries without progress before the OOM
104 * killer is consider the only way forward.
105 */
106 #define MAX_RECLAIM_RETRIES 16
107
108 /*
109 * in mm/vmscan.c:
110 */
111 extern int isolate_lru_page(struct page *page);
112 extern void putback_lru_page(struct page *page);
113
114 /*
115 * in mm/rmap.c:
116 */
117 extern pmd_t *mm_find_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address);
118
119 /*
120 * in mm/page_alloc.c
121 */
122
123 /*
124 * Structure for holding the mostly immutable allocation parameters passed
125 * between functions involved in allocations, including the alloc_pages*
126 * family of functions.
127 *
128 * nodemask, migratetype and high_zoneidx are initialized only once in
129 * __alloc_pages_nodemask() and then never change.
130 *
131 * zonelist, preferred_zone and classzone_idx are set first in
132 * __alloc_pages_nodemask() for the fast path, and might be later changed
133 * in __alloc_pages_slowpath(). All other functions pass the whole strucure
134 * by a const pointer.
135 */
136 struct alloc_context {
137 struct zonelist *zonelist;
138 nodemask_t *nodemask;
139 struct zoneref *preferred_zoneref;
140 int migratetype;
141 enum zone_type high_zoneidx;
142 bool spread_dirty_pages;
143 };
144
145 #define ac_classzone_idx(ac) zonelist_zone_idx(ac->preferred_zoneref)
146
147 /*
148 * Locate the struct page for both the matching buddy in our
149 * pair (buddy1) and the combined O(n+1) page they form (page).
150 *
151 * 1) Any buddy B1 will have an order O twin B2 which satisfies
152 * the following equation:
153 * B2 = B1 ^ (1 << O)
154 * For example, if the starting buddy (buddy2) is #8 its order
155 * 1 buddy is #10:
156 * B2 = 8 ^ (1 << 1) = 8 ^ 2 = 10
157 *
158 * 2) Any buddy B will have an order O+1 parent P which
159 * satisfies the following equation:
160 * P = B & ~(1 << O)
161 *
162 * Assumption: *_mem_map is contiguous at least up to MAX_ORDER
163 */
164 static inline unsigned long
165 __find_buddy_pfn(unsigned long page_pfn, unsigned int order)
166 {
167 return page_pfn ^ (1 << order);
168 }
169
170 extern struct page *__pageblock_pfn_to_page(unsigned long start_pfn,
171 unsigned long end_pfn, struct zone *zone);
172
173 static inline struct page *pageblock_pfn_to_page(unsigned long start_pfn,
174 unsigned long end_pfn, struct zone *zone)
175 {
176 if (zone->contiguous)
177 return pfn_to_page(start_pfn);
178
179 return __pageblock_pfn_to_page(start_pfn, end_pfn, zone);
180 }
181
182 extern int __isolate_free_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
183 extern void memblock_free_pages(struct page *page, unsigned long pfn,
184 unsigned int order);
185 extern void __free_pages_core(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
186 extern void prep_compound_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
187 extern void post_alloc_hook(struct page *page, unsigned int order,
188 gfp_t gfp_flags);
189 extern int user_min_free_kbytes;
190
191 extern void zone_pcp_update(struct zone *zone);
192 extern void zone_pcp_reset(struct zone *zone);
193
194 #if defined CONFIG_COMPACTION || defined CONFIG_CMA
195
196 /*
197 * in mm/compaction.c
198 */
199 /*
200 * compact_control is used to track pages being migrated and the free pages
201 * they are being migrated to during memory compaction. The free_pfn starts
202 * at the end of a zone and migrate_pfn begins at the start. Movable pages
203 * are moved to the end of a zone during a compaction run and the run
204 * completes when free_pfn <= migrate_pfn
205 */
206 struct compact_control {
207 struct list_head freepages; /* List of free pages to migrate to */
208 struct list_head migratepages; /* List of pages being migrated */
209 unsigned int nr_freepages; /* Number of isolated free pages */
210 unsigned int nr_migratepages; /* Number of pages to migrate */
211 unsigned long free_pfn; /* isolate_freepages search base */
212 unsigned long migrate_pfn; /* isolate_migratepages search base */
213 unsigned long fast_start_pfn; /* a pfn to start linear scan from */
214 struct zone *zone;
215 unsigned long total_migrate_scanned;
216 unsigned long total_free_scanned;
217 unsigned short fast_search_fail;/* failures to use free list searches */
218 short search_order; /* order to start a fast search at */
219 const gfp_t gfp_mask; /* gfp mask of a direct compactor */
220 int order; /* order a direct compactor needs */
221 int migratetype; /* migratetype of direct compactor */
222 const unsigned int alloc_flags; /* alloc flags of a direct compactor */
223 const int classzone_idx; /* zone index of a direct compactor */
224 enum migrate_mode mode; /* Async or sync migration mode */
225 bool ignore_skip_hint; /* Scan blocks even if marked skip */
226 bool no_set_skip_hint; /* Don't mark blocks for skipping */
227 bool ignore_block_suitable; /* Scan blocks considered unsuitable */
228 bool direct_compaction; /* False from kcompactd or /proc/... */
229 bool whole_zone; /* Whole zone should/has been scanned */
230 bool contended; /* Signal lock or sched contention */
231 bool rescan; /* Rescanning the same pageblock */
232 bool alloc_contig; /* alloc_contig_range allocation */
233 };
234
235 /*
236 * Used in direct compaction when a page should be taken from the freelists
237 * immediately when one is created during the free path.
238 */
239 struct capture_control {
240 struct compact_control *cc;
241 struct page *page;
242 };
243
244 unsigned long
245 isolate_freepages_range(struct compact_control *cc,
246 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn);
247 unsigned long
248 isolate_migratepages_range(struct compact_control *cc,
249 unsigned long low_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn);
250 int find_suitable_fallback(struct free_area *area, unsigned int order,
251 int migratetype, bool only_stealable, bool *can_steal);
252
253 #endif
254
255 /*
256 * This function returns the order of a free page in the buddy system. In
257 * general, page_zone(page)->lock must be held by the caller to prevent the
258 * page from being allocated in parallel and returning garbage as the order.
259 * If a caller does not hold page_zone(page)->lock, it must guarantee that the
260 * page cannot be allocated or merged in parallel. Alternatively, it must
261 * handle invalid values gracefully, and use page_order_unsafe() below.
262 */
263 static inline unsigned int page_order(struct page *page)
264 {
265 /* PageBuddy() must be checked by the caller */
266 return page_private(page);
267 }
268
269 /*
270 * Like page_order(), but for callers who cannot afford to hold the zone lock.
271 * PageBuddy() should be checked first by the caller to minimize race window,
272 * and invalid values must be handled gracefully.
273 *
274 * READ_ONCE is used so that if the caller assigns the result into a local
275 * variable and e.g. tests it for valid range before using, the compiler cannot
276 * decide to remove the variable and inline the page_private(page) multiple
277 * times, potentially observing different values in the tests and the actual
278 * use of the result.
279 */
280 #define page_order_unsafe(page) READ_ONCE(page_private(page))
281
282 static inline bool is_cow_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
283 {
284 return (flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE)) == VM_MAYWRITE;
285 }
286
287 /*
288 * These three helpers classifies VMAs for virtual memory accounting.
289 */
290
291 /*
292 * Executable code area - executable, not writable, not stack
293 */
294 static inline bool is_exec_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
295 {
296 return (flags & (VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE | VM_STACK)) == VM_EXEC;
297 }
298
299 /*
300 * Stack area - atomatically grows in one direction
301 *
302 * VM_GROWSUP / VM_GROWSDOWN VMAs are always private anonymous:
303 * do_mmap() forbids all other combinations.
304 */
305 static inline bool is_stack_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
306 {
307 return (flags & VM_STACK) == VM_STACK;
308 }
309
310 /*
311 * Data area - private, writable, not stack
312 */
313 static inline bool is_data_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
314 {
315 return (flags & (VM_WRITE | VM_SHARED | VM_STACK)) == VM_WRITE;
316 }
317
318 /* mm/util.c */
319 void __vma_link_list(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
320 struct vm_area_struct *prev);
321 void __vma_unlink_list(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma);
322
323 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
324 extern long populate_vma_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
325 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int *nonblocking);
326 extern void munlock_vma_pages_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
327 unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
328 static inline void munlock_vma_pages_all(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
329 {
330 munlock_vma_pages_range(vma, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end);
331 }
332
333 /*
334 * must be called with vma's mmap_sem held for read or write, and page locked.
335 */
336 extern void mlock_vma_page(struct page *page);
337 extern unsigned int munlock_vma_page(struct page *page);
338
339 /*
340 * Clear the page's PageMlocked(). This can be useful in a situation where
341 * we want to unconditionally remove a page from the pagecache -- e.g.,
342 * on truncation or freeing.
343 *
344 * It is legal to call this function for any page, mlocked or not.
345 * If called for a page that is still mapped by mlocked vmas, all we do
346 * is revert to lazy LRU behaviour -- semantics are not broken.
347 */
348 extern void clear_page_mlock(struct page *page);
349
350 /*
351 * mlock_migrate_page - called only from migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
352 * (because that does not go through the full procedure of migration ptes):
353 * to migrate the Mlocked page flag; update statistics.
354 */
355 static inline void mlock_migrate_page(struct page *newpage, struct page *page)
356 {
357 if (TestClearPageMlocked(page)) {
358 int nr_pages = hpage_nr_pages(page);
359
360 /* Holding pmd lock, no change in irq context: __mod is safe */
361 __mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page), NR_MLOCK, -nr_pages);
362 SetPageMlocked(newpage);
363 __mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(newpage), NR_MLOCK, nr_pages);
364 }
365 }
366
367 extern pmd_t maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_t pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma);
368
369 /*
370 * At what user virtual address is page expected in @vma?
371 */
372 static inline unsigned long
373 __vma_address(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
374 {
375 pgoff_t pgoff = page_to_pgoff(page);
376 return vma->vm_start + ((pgoff - vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT);
377 }
378
379 static inline unsigned long
380 vma_address(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
381 {
382 unsigned long start, end;
383
384 start = __vma_address(page, vma);
385 end = start + PAGE_SIZE * (hpage_nr_pages(page) - 1);
386
387 /* page should be within @vma mapping range */
388 VM_BUG_ON_VMA(end < vma->vm_start || start >= vma->vm_end, vma);
389
390 return max(start, vma->vm_start);
391 }
392
393 static inline struct file *maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(struct vm_fault *vmf,
394 struct file *fpin)
395 {
396 int flags = vmf->flags;
397
398 if (fpin)
399 return fpin;
400
401 /*
402 * FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT means we don't want to wait on page locks or
403 * anything, so we only pin the file and drop the mmap_sem if only
404 * FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY is set, while this is the first attempt.
405 */
406 if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(flags) &&
407 !(flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
408 fpin = get_file(vmf->vma->vm_file);
409 up_read(&vmf->vma->vm_mm->mmap_sem);
410 }
411 return fpin;
412 }
413
414 #else /* !CONFIG_MMU */
415 static inline void clear_page_mlock(struct page *page) { }
416 static inline void mlock_vma_page(struct page *page) { }
417 static inline void mlock_migrate_page(struct page *new, struct page *old) { }
418
419 #endif /* !CONFIG_MMU */
420
421 /*
422 * Return the mem_map entry representing the 'offset' subpage within
423 * the maximally aligned gigantic page 'base'. Handle any discontiguity
424 * in the mem_map at MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES boundaries.
425 */
426 static inline struct page *mem_map_offset(struct page *base, int offset)
427 {
428 if (unlikely(offset >= MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES))
429 return nth_page(base, offset);
430 return base + offset;
431 }
432
433 /*
434 * Iterator over all subpages within the maximally aligned gigantic
435 * page 'base'. Handle any discontiguity in the mem_map.
436 */
437 static inline struct page *mem_map_next(struct page *iter,
438 struct page *base, int offset)
439 {
440 if (unlikely((offset & (MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES - 1)) == 0)) {
441 unsigned long pfn = page_to_pfn(base) + offset;
442 if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
443 return NULL;
444 return pfn_to_page(pfn);
445 }
446 return iter + 1;
447 }
448
449 /* Memory initialisation debug and verification */
450 enum mminit_level {
451 MMINIT_WARNING,
452 MMINIT_VERIFY,
453 MMINIT_TRACE
454 };
455
456 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT
457
458 extern int mminit_loglevel;
459
460 #define mminit_dprintk(level, prefix, fmt, arg...) \
461 do { \
462 if (level < mminit_loglevel) { \
463 if (level <= MMINIT_WARNING) \
464 pr_warn("mminit::" prefix " " fmt, ##arg); \
465 else \
466 printk(KERN_DEBUG "mminit::" prefix " " fmt, ##arg); \
467 } \
468 } while (0)
469
470 extern void mminit_verify_pageflags_layout(void);
471 extern void mminit_verify_zonelist(void);
472 #else
473
474 static inline void mminit_dprintk(enum mminit_level level,
475 const char *prefix, const char *fmt, ...)
476 {
477 }
478
479 static inline void mminit_verify_pageflags_layout(void)
480 {
481 }
482
483 static inline void mminit_verify_zonelist(void)
484 {
485 }
486 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT */
487
488 /* mminit_validate_memmodel_limits is independent of CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT */
489 #if defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM)
490 extern void mminit_validate_memmodel_limits(unsigned long *start_pfn,
491 unsigned long *end_pfn);
492 #else
493 static inline void mminit_validate_memmodel_limits(unsigned long *start_pfn,
494 unsigned long *end_pfn)
495 {
496 }
497 #endif /* CONFIG_SPARSEMEM */
498
499 #define NODE_RECLAIM_NOSCAN -2
500 #define NODE_RECLAIM_FULL -1
501 #define NODE_RECLAIM_SOME 0
502 #define NODE_RECLAIM_SUCCESS 1
503
504 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
505 extern int node_reclaim(struct pglist_data *, gfp_t, unsigned int);
506 #else
507 static inline int node_reclaim(struct pglist_data *pgdat, gfp_t mask,
508 unsigned int order)
509 {
510 return NODE_RECLAIM_NOSCAN;
511 }
512 #endif
513
514 extern int hwpoison_filter(struct page *p);
515
516 extern u32 hwpoison_filter_dev_major;
517 extern u32 hwpoison_filter_dev_minor;
518 extern u64 hwpoison_filter_flags_mask;
519 extern u64 hwpoison_filter_flags_value;
520 extern u64 hwpoison_filter_memcg;
521 extern u32 hwpoison_filter_enable;
522
523 extern unsigned long __must_check vm_mmap_pgoff(struct file *, unsigned long,
524 unsigned long, unsigned long,
525 unsigned long, unsigned long);
526
527 extern void set_pageblock_order(void);
528 unsigned long reclaim_clean_pages_from_list(struct zone *zone,
529 struct list_head *page_list);
530 /* The ALLOC_WMARK bits are used as an index to zone->watermark */
531 #define ALLOC_WMARK_MIN WMARK_MIN
532 #define ALLOC_WMARK_LOW WMARK_LOW
533 #define ALLOC_WMARK_HIGH WMARK_HIGH
534 #define ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS 0x04 /* don't check watermarks at all */
535
536 /* Mask to get the watermark bits */
537 #define ALLOC_WMARK_MASK (ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS-1)
538
539 /*
540 * Only MMU archs have async oom victim reclaim - aka oom_reaper so we
541 * cannot assume a reduced access to memory reserves is sufficient for
542 * !MMU
543 */
544 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
545 #define ALLOC_OOM 0x08
546 #else
547 #define ALLOC_OOM ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS
548 #endif
549
550 #define ALLOC_HARDER 0x10 /* try to alloc harder */
551 #define ALLOC_HIGH 0x20 /* __GFP_HIGH set */
552 #define ALLOC_CPUSET 0x40 /* check for correct cpuset */
553 #define ALLOC_CMA 0x80 /* allow allocations from CMA areas */
554 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
555 #define ALLOC_NOFRAGMENT 0x100 /* avoid mixing pageblock types */
556 #else
557 #define ALLOC_NOFRAGMENT 0x0
558 #endif
559 #define ALLOC_KSWAPD 0x800 /* allow waking of kswapd, __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM set */
560
561 enum ttu_flags;
562 struct tlbflush_unmap_batch;
563
564
565 /*
566 * only for MM internal work items which do not depend on
567 * any allocations or locks which might depend on allocations
568 */
569 extern struct workqueue_struct *mm_percpu_wq;
570
571 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH
572 void try_to_unmap_flush(void);
573 void try_to_unmap_flush_dirty(void);
574 void flush_tlb_batched_pending(struct mm_struct *mm);
575 #else
576 static inline void try_to_unmap_flush(void)
577 {
578 }
579 static inline void try_to_unmap_flush_dirty(void)
580 {
581 }
582 static inline void flush_tlb_batched_pending(struct mm_struct *mm)
583 {
584 }
585 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH */
586
587 extern const struct trace_print_flags pageflag_names[];
588 extern const struct trace_print_flags vmaflag_names[];
589 extern const struct trace_print_flags gfpflag_names[];
590
591 static inline bool is_migrate_highatomic(enum migratetype migratetype)
592 {
593 return migratetype == MIGRATE_HIGHATOMIC;
594 }
595
596 static inline bool is_migrate_highatomic_page(struct page *page)
597 {
598 return get_pageblock_migratetype(page) == MIGRATE_HIGHATOMIC;
599 }
600
601 void setup_zone_pageset(struct zone *zone);
602 extern struct page *alloc_new_node_page(struct page *page, unsigned long node);
603 #endif /* __MM_INTERNAL_H */