ipv4: Fix nexthop exception hash computation.

[mirror_ubuntu-artful-kernel.git] / net / ipv4 / route.c

/*
 * INET         An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
 *              operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
 *              interface as the means of communication with the user level.
 *
 *              ROUTE - implementation of the IP router.
 *
 * Authors:     Ross Biro
 *              Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
 *              Alan Cox, <gw4pts@gw4pts.ampr.org>
 *              Linus Torvalds, <Linus.Torvalds@helsinki.fi>
 *              Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
 *
 * Fixes:
 *              Alan Cox        :       Verify area fixes.
 *              Alan Cox        :       cli() protects routing changes
 *              Rui Oliveira    :       ICMP routing table updates
 *              (rco@di.uminho.pt)      Routing table insertion and update
 *              Linus Torvalds  :       Rewrote bits to be sensible
 *              Alan Cox        :       Added BSD route gw semantics
 *              Alan Cox        :       Super /proc >4K
 *              Alan Cox        :       MTU in route table
 *              Alan Cox        :       MSS actually. Also added the window
 *                                      clamper.
 *              Sam Lantinga    :       Fixed route matching in rt_del()
 *              Alan Cox        :       Routing cache support.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Removed compatibility cruft.
 *              Alan Cox        :       RTF_REJECT support.
 *              Alan Cox        :       TCP irtt support.
 *              Jonathan Naylor :       Added Metric support.
 *      Miquel van Smoorenburg  :       BSD API fixes.
 *      Miquel van Smoorenburg  :       Metrics.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Use __u32 properly
 *              Alan Cox        :       Aligned routing errors more closely with BSD
 *                                      our system is still very different.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Faster /proc handling
 *      Alexey Kuznetsov        :       Massive rework to support tree based routing,
 *                                      routing caches and better behaviour.
 *
 *              Olaf Erb        :       irtt wasn't being copied right.
 *              Bjorn Ekwall    :       Kerneld route support.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Multicast fixed (I hope)
 *              Pavel Krauz     :       Limited broadcast fixed
 *              Mike McLagan    :       Routing by source
 *      Alexey Kuznetsov        :       End of old history. Split to fib.c and
 *                                      route.c and rewritten from scratch.
 *              Andi Kleen      :       Load-limit warning messages.
 *      Vitaly E. Lavrov        :       Transparent proxy revived after year coma.
 *      Vitaly E. Lavrov        :       Race condition in ip_route_input_slow.
 *      Tobias Ringstrom        :       Uninitialized res.type in ip_route_output_slow.
 *      Vladimir V. Ivanov      :       IP rule info (flowid) is really useful.
 *              Marc Boucher    :       routing by fwmark
 *      Robert Olsson           :       Added rt_cache statistics
 *      Arnaldo C. Melo         :       Convert proc stuff to seq_file
 *      Eric Dumazet            :       hashed spinlocks and rt_check_expire() fixes.
 *      Ilia Sotnikov           :       Ignore TOS on PMTUD and Redirect
 *      Ilia Sotnikov           :       Removed TOS from hash calculations
 *
 *              This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *              modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 *              as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
 *              2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 */

#define pr_fmt(fmt) "IPv4: " fmt

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/socket.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/inet.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
#include <linux/inetdevice.h>
#include <linux/igmp.h>
#include <linux/pkt_sched.h>
#include <linux/mroute.h>
#include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/jhash.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/times.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/prefetch.h>
#include <net/dst.h>
#include <net/net_namespace.h>
#include <net/protocol.h>
#include <net/ip.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/inetpeer.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/ip_fib.h>
#include <net/arp.h>
#include <net/tcp.h>
#include <net/icmp.h>
#include <net/xfrm.h>
#include <net/netevent.h>
#include <net/rtnetlink.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
#endif
#include <net/secure_seq.h>

#define RT_FL_TOS(oldflp4) \
        ((oldflp4)->flowi4_tos & (IPTOS_RT_MASK | RTO_ONLINK))

#define IP_MAX_MTU      0xFFF0

#define RT_GC_TIMEOUT (300*HZ)

static int ip_rt_max_size;
static int ip_rt_gc_timeout __read_mostly       = RT_GC_TIMEOUT;
static int ip_rt_gc_interval __read_mostly  = 60 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_gc_min_interval __read_mostly  = HZ / 2;
static int ip_rt_redirect_number __read_mostly  = 9;
static int ip_rt_redirect_load __read_mostly    = HZ / 50;
static int ip_rt_redirect_silence __read_mostly = ((HZ / 50) << (9 + 1));
static int ip_rt_error_cost __read_mostly       = HZ;
static int ip_rt_error_burst __read_mostly      = 5 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_gc_elasticity __read_mostly    = 8;
static int ip_rt_mtu_expires __read_mostly      = 10 * 60 * HZ;
static int ip_rt_min_pmtu __read_mostly         = 512 + 20 + 20;
static int ip_rt_min_advmss __read_mostly       = 256;
static int rt_chain_length_max __read_mostly    = 20;

static struct delayed_work expires_work;
static unsigned long expires_ljiffies;

/*
 *      Interface to generic destination cache.
 */

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie);
static unsigned int      ipv4_default_advmss(const struct dst_entry *dst);
static unsigned int      ipv4_mtu(const struct dst_entry *dst);
static void              ipv4_dst_destroy(struct dst_entry *dst);
static struct dst_entry *ipv4_negative_advice(struct dst_entry *dst);
static void              ipv4_link_failure(struct sk_buff *skb);
static void              ip_rt_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk,
                                           struct sk_buff *skb, u32 mtu);
static void              ip_do_redirect(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk,
                                        struct sk_buff *skb);
static int rt_garbage_collect(struct dst_ops *ops);

static void ipv4_dst_ifdown(struct dst_entry *dst, struct net_device *dev,
                            int how)
{
}

static u32 *ipv4_cow_metrics(struct dst_entry *dst, unsigned long old)
{
        WARN_ON(1);
        return NULL;
}

static struct neighbour *ipv4_neigh_lookup(const struct dst_entry *dst,
                                           struct sk_buff *skb,
                                           const void *daddr);

static struct dst_ops ipv4_dst_ops = {
        .family =               AF_INET,
        .protocol =             cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),
        .gc =                   rt_garbage_collect,
        .check =                ipv4_dst_check,
        .default_advmss =       ipv4_default_advmss,
        .mtu =                  ipv4_mtu,
        .cow_metrics =          ipv4_cow_metrics,
        .destroy =              ipv4_dst_destroy,
        .ifdown =               ipv4_dst_ifdown,
        .negative_advice =      ipv4_negative_advice,
        .link_failure =         ipv4_link_failure,
        .update_pmtu =          ip_rt_update_pmtu,
        .redirect =             ip_do_redirect,
        .local_out =            __ip_local_out,
        .neigh_lookup =         ipv4_neigh_lookup,
};

#define ECN_OR_COST(class)      TC_PRIO_##class

const __u8 ip_tos2prio[16] = {
        TC_PRIO_BESTEFFORT,
        ECN_OR_COST(BESTEFFORT),
        TC_PRIO_BESTEFFORT,
        ECN_OR_COST(BESTEFFORT),
        TC_PRIO_BULK,
        ECN_OR_COST(BULK),
        TC_PRIO_BULK,
        ECN_OR_COST(BULK),
        TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE,
        ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE),
        TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE,
        ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE),
        TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE_BULK,
        ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE_BULK),
        TC_PRIO_INTERACTIVE_BULK,
        ECN_OR_COST(INTERACTIVE_BULK)
};
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_tos2prio);

/*
 * Route cache.
 */

/* The locking scheme is rather straight forward:
 *
 * 1) Read-Copy Update protects the buckets of the central route hash.
 * 2) Only writers remove entries, and they hold the lock
 *    as they look at rtable reference counts.
 * 3) Only readers acquire references to rtable entries,
 *    they do so with atomic increments and with the
 *    lock held.
 */

struct rt_hash_bucket {
        struct rtable __rcu     *chain;
};

#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) || defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK) || \
        defined(CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING)
/*
 * Instead of using one spinlock for each rt_hash_bucket, we use a table of spinlocks
 * The size of this table is a power of two and depends on the number of CPUS.
 * (on lockdep we have a quite big spinlock_t, so keep the size down there)
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
# define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ        256
#else
# if NR_CPUS >= 32
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ       4096
# elif NR_CPUS >= 16
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ       2048
# elif NR_CPUS >= 8
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ       1024
# elif NR_CPUS >= 4
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ       512
# else
#  define RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ       256
# endif
#endif

static spinlock_t       *rt_hash_locks;
# define rt_hash_lock_addr(slot) &rt_hash_locks[(slot) & (RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ - 1)]

static __init void rt_hash_lock_init(void)
{
        int i;

        rt_hash_locks = kmalloc(sizeof(spinlock_t) * RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ,
                        GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!rt_hash_locks)
                panic("IP: failed to allocate rt_hash_locks\n");

        for (i = 0; i < RT_HASH_LOCK_SZ; i++)
                spin_lock_init(&rt_hash_locks[i]);
}
#else
# define rt_hash_lock_addr(slot) NULL

static inline void rt_hash_lock_init(void)
{
}
#endif

static struct rt_hash_bucket    *rt_hash_table __read_mostly;
static unsigned int             rt_hash_mask __read_mostly;
static unsigned int             rt_hash_log  __read_mostly;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rt_cache_stat, rt_cache_stat);
#define RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(field) __this_cpu_inc(rt_cache_stat.field)

static inline unsigned int rt_hash(__be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, int idx,
                                   int genid)
{
        return jhash_3words((__force u32)daddr, (__force u32)saddr,
                            idx, genid)
                & rt_hash_mask;
}

static inline int rt_genid(struct net *net)
{
        return atomic_read(&net->ipv4.rt_genid);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
struct rt_cache_iter_state {
        struct seq_net_private p;
        int bucket;
        int genid;
};

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_first(struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
        struct rtable *r = NULL;

        for (st->bucket = rt_hash_mask; st->bucket >= 0; --st->bucket) {
                if (!rcu_access_pointer(rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain))
                        continue;
                rcu_read_lock_bh();
                r = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain);
                while (r) {
                        if (dev_net(r->dst.dev) == seq_file_net(seq) &&
                            r->rt_genid == st->genid)
                                return r;
                        r = rcu_dereference_bh(r->dst.rt_next);
                }
                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
        }
        return r;
}

static struct rtable *__rt_cache_get_next(struct seq_file *seq,
                                          struct rtable *r)
{
        struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;

        r = rcu_dereference_bh(r->dst.rt_next);
        while (!r) {
                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
                do {
                        if (--st->bucket < 0)
                                return NULL;
                } while (!rcu_access_pointer(rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain));
                rcu_read_lock_bh();
                r = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[st->bucket].chain);
        }
        return r;
}

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_next(struct seq_file *seq,
                                        struct rtable *r)
{
        struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
        while ((r = __rt_cache_get_next(seq, r)) != NULL) {
                if (dev_net(r->dst.dev) != seq_file_net(seq))
                        continue;
                if (r->rt_genid == st->genid)
                        break;
        }
        return r;
}

static struct rtable *rt_cache_get_idx(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t pos)
{
        struct rtable *r = rt_cache_get_first(seq);

        if (r)
                while (pos && (r = rt_cache_get_next(seq, r)))
                        --pos;
        return pos ? NULL : r;
}

static void *rt_cache_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct rt_cache_iter_state *st = seq->private;
        if (*pos)
                return rt_cache_get_idx(seq, *pos - 1);
        st->genid = rt_genid(seq_file_net(seq));
        return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
}

static void *rt_cache_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
        struct rtable *r;

        if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
                r = rt_cache_get_first(seq);
        else
                r = rt_cache_get_next(seq, v);
        ++*pos;
        return r;
}

static void rt_cache_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
        if (v && v != SEQ_START_TOKEN)
                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
}

static int rt_cache_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
        if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
                seq_printf(seq, "%-127s\n",
                           "Iface\tDestination\tGateway \tFlags\t\tRefCnt\tUse\t"
                           "Metric\tSource\t\tMTU\tWindow\tIRTT\tTOS\tHHRef\t"
                           "HHUptod\tSpecDst");
        else {
                struct rtable *r = v;
                int len;

                seq_printf(seq, "%s\t%08X\t%08X\t%8X\t%d\t%u\t%d\t"
                           "%08X\t%d\t%u\t%u\t%02X\t%d\t%1d\t%08X%n",
                           r->dst.dev ? r->dst.dev->name : "*",
                           (__force u32)r->rt_dst,
                           (__force u32)r->rt_gateway,
                           r->rt_flags, atomic_read(&r->dst.__refcnt),
                           r->dst.__use, 0, (__force u32)r->rt_src,
                           dst_metric_advmss(&r->dst) + 40,
                           dst_metric(&r->dst, RTAX_WINDOW), 0,
                           r->rt_key_tos,
                           -1, 0, 0, &len);

                seq_printf(seq, "%*s\n", 127 - len, "");
        }
        return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations rt_cache_seq_ops = {
        .start  = rt_cache_seq_start,
        .next   = rt_cache_seq_next,
        .stop   = rt_cache_seq_stop,
        .show   = rt_cache_seq_show,
};

static int rt_cache_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        return seq_open_net(inode, file, &rt_cache_seq_ops,
                        sizeof(struct rt_cache_iter_state));
}

static const struct file_operations rt_cache_seq_fops = {
        .owner   = THIS_MODULE,
        .open    = rt_cache_seq_open,
        .read    = seq_read,
        .llseek  = seq_lseek,
        .release = seq_release_net,
};


static void *rt_cpu_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
{
        int cpu;

        if (*pos == 0)
                return SEQ_START_TOKEN;

        for (cpu = *pos-1; cpu < nr_cpu_ids; ++cpu) {
                if (!cpu_possible(cpu))
                        continue;
                *pos = cpu+1;
                return &per_cpu(rt_cache_stat, cpu);
        }
        return NULL;
}

static void *rt_cpu_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
{
        int cpu;

        for (cpu = *pos; cpu < nr_cpu_ids; ++cpu) {
                if (!cpu_possible(cpu))
                        continue;
                *pos = cpu+1;
                return &per_cpu(rt_cache_stat, cpu);
        }
        return NULL;

}

static void rt_cpu_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{

}

static int rt_cpu_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
        struct rt_cache_stat *st = v;

        if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN) {
                seq_printf(seq, "entries  in_hit in_slow_tot in_slow_mc in_no_route in_brd in_martian_dst in_martian_src  out_hit out_slow_tot out_slow_mc  gc_total gc_ignored gc_goal_miss gc_dst_overflow in_hlist_search out_hlist_search\n");
                return 0;
        }

        seq_printf(seq,"%08x  %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x "
                   " %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x %08x \n",
                   dst_entries_get_slow(&ipv4_dst_ops),
                   st->in_hit,
                   st->in_slow_tot,
                   st->in_slow_mc,
                   st->in_no_route,
                   st->in_brd,
                   st->in_martian_dst,
                   st->in_martian_src,

                   st->out_hit,
                   st->out_slow_tot,
                   st->out_slow_mc,

                   st->gc_total,
                   st->gc_ignored,
                   st->gc_goal_miss,
                   st->gc_dst_overflow,
                   st->in_hlist_search,
                   st->out_hlist_search
                );
        return 0;
}

static const struct seq_operations rt_cpu_seq_ops = {
        .start  = rt_cpu_seq_start,
        .next   = rt_cpu_seq_next,
        .stop   = rt_cpu_seq_stop,
        .show   = rt_cpu_seq_show,
};


static int rt_cpu_seq_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        return seq_open(file, &rt_cpu_seq_ops);
}

static const struct file_operations rt_cpu_seq_fops = {
        .owner   = THIS_MODULE,
        .open    = rt_cpu_seq_open,
        .read    = seq_read,
        .llseek  = seq_lseek,
        .release = seq_release,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
static int rt_acct_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
        struct ip_rt_acct *dst, *src;
        unsigned int i, j;

        dst = kcalloc(256, sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!dst)
                return -ENOMEM;

        for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
                src = (struct ip_rt_acct *)per_cpu_ptr(ip_rt_acct, i);
                for (j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
                        dst[j].o_bytes   += src[j].o_bytes;
                        dst[j].o_packets += src[j].o_packets;
                        dst[j].i_bytes   += src[j].i_bytes;
                        dst[j].i_packets += src[j].i_packets;
                }
        }

        seq_write(m, dst, 256 * sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct));
        kfree(dst);
        return 0;
}

static int rt_acct_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        return single_open(file, rt_acct_proc_show, NULL);
}

static const struct file_operations rt_acct_proc_fops = {
        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
        .open           = rt_acct_proc_open,
        .read           = seq_read,
        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
        .release        = single_release,
};
#endif

static int __net_init ip_rt_do_proc_init(struct net *net)
{
        struct proc_dir_entry *pde;

        pde = proc_net_fops_create(net, "rt_cache", S_IRUGO,
                        &rt_cache_seq_fops);
        if (!pde)
                goto err1;

        pde = proc_create("rt_cache", S_IRUGO,
                          net->proc_net_stat, &rt_cpu_seq_fops);
        if (!pde)
                goto err2;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        pde = proc_create("rt_acct", 0, net->proc_net, &rt_acct_proc_fops);
        if (!pde)
                goto err3;
#endif
        return 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
err3:
        remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net_stat);
#endif
err2:
        remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net);
err1:
        return -ENOMEM;
}

static void __net_exit ip_rt_do_proc_exit(struct net *net)
{
        remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net_stat);
        remove_proc_entry("rt_cache", net->proc_net);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        remove_proc_entry("rt_acct", net->proc_net);
#endif
}

static struct pernet_operations ip_rt_proc_ops __net_initdata =  {
        .init = ip_rt_do_proc_init,
        .exit = ip_rt_do_proc_exit,
};

static int __init ip_rt_proc_init(void)
{
        return register_pernet_subsys(&ip_rt_proc_ops);
}

#else
static inline int ip_rt_proc_init(void)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

static inline void rt_free(struct rtable *rt)
{
        call_rcu_bh(&rt->dst.rcu_head, dst_rcu_free);
}

static inline void rt_drop(struct rtable *rt)
{
        ip_rt_put(rt);
        call_rcu_bh(&rt->dst.rcu_head, dst_rcu_free);
}

static inline int rt_fast_clean(struct rtable *rth)
{
        /* Kill broadcast/multicast entries very aggresively, if they
           collide in hash table with more useful entries */
        return (rth->rt_flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_MULTICAST)) &&
                rt_is_input_route(rth) && rth->dst.rt_next;
}

static inline int rt_valuable(struct rtable *rth)
{
        return (rth->rt_flags & (RTCF_REDIRECTED | RTCF_NOTIFY)) ||
                rth->dst.expires;
}

static int rt_may_expire(struct rtable *rth, unsigned long tmo1, unsigned long tmo2)
{
        unsigned long age;
        int ret = 0;

        if (atomic_read(&rth->dst.__refcnt))
                goto out;

        age = jiffies - rth->dst.lastuse;
        if ((age <= tmo1 && !rt_fast_clean(rth)) ||
            (age <= tmo2 && rt_valuable(rth)))
                goto out;
        ret = 1;
out:    return ret;
}

/* Bits of score are:
 * 31: very valuable
 * 30: not quite useless
 * 29..0: usage counter
 */
static inline u32 rt_score(struct rtable *rt)
{
        u32 score = jiffies - rt->dst.lastuse;

        score = ~score & ~(3<<30);

        if (rt_valuable(rt))
                score |= (1<<31);

        if (rt_is_output_route(rt) ||
            !(rt->rt_flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST|RTCF_MULTICAST|RTCF_LOCAL)))
                score |= (1<<30);

        return score;
}

static inline bool rt_caching(const struct net *net)
{
        return net->ipv4.current_rt_cache_rebuild_count <=
                net->ipv4.sysctl_rt_cache_rebuild_count;
}

static inline bool compare_hash_inputs(const struct rtable *rt1,
                                       const struct rtable *rt2)
{
        return ((((__force u32)rt1->rt_key_dst ^ (__force u32)rt2->rt_key_dst) |
                ((__force u32)rt1->rt_key_src ^ (__force u32)rt2->rt_key_src) |
                (rt1->rt_route_iif ^ rt2->rt_route_iif)) == 0);
}

static inline int compare_keys(struct rtable *rt1, struct rtable *rt2)
{
        return (((__force u32)rt1->rt_key_dst ^ (__force u32)rt2->rt_key_dst) |
                ((__force u32)rt1->rt_key_src ^ (__force u32)rt2->rt_key_src) |
                (rt1->rt_mark ^ rt2->rt_mark) |
                (rt1->rt_key_tos ^ rt2->rt_key_tos) |
                (rt1->rt_route_iif ^ rt2->rt_route_iif) |
                (rt1->rt_oif ^ rt2->rt_oif)) == 0;
}

static inline int compare_netns(struct rtable *rt1, struct rtable *rt2)
{
        return net_eq(dev_net(rt1->dst.dev), dev_net(rt2->dst.dev));
}

static inline int rt_is_expired(struct rtable *rth)
{
        return rth->rt_genid != rt_genid(dev_net(rth->dst.dev));
}

/*
 * Perform a full scan of hash table and free all entries.
 * Can be called by a softirq or a process.
 * In the later case, we want to be reschedule if necessary
 */
static void rt_do_flush(struct net *net, int process_context)
{
        unsigned int i;
        struct rtable *rth, *next;

        for (i = 0; i <= rt_hash_mask; i++) {
                struct rtable __rcu **pprev;
                struct rtable *list;

                if (process_context && need_resched())
                        cond_resched();
                rth = rcu_access_pointer(rt_hash_table[i].chain);
                if (!rth)
                        continue;

                spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));

                list = NULL;
                pprev = &rt_hash_table[i].chain;
                rth = rcu_dereference_protected(*pprev,
                        lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(i)));

                while (rth) {
                        next = rcu_dereference_protected(rth->dst.rt_next,
                                lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(i)));

                        if (!net ||
                            net_eq(dev_net(rth->dst.dev), net)) {
                                rcu_assign_pointer(*pprev, next);
                                rcu_assign_pointer(rth->dst.rt_next, list);
                                list = rth;
                        } else {
                                pprev = &rth->dst.rt_next;
                        }
                        rth = next;
                }

                spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));

                for (; list; list = next) {
                        next = rcu_dereference_protected(list->dst.rt_next, 1);
                        rt_free(list);
                }
        }
}

/*
 * While freeing expired entries, we compute average chain length
 * and standard deviation, using fixed-point arithmetic.
 * This to have an estimation of rt_chain_length_max
 *  rt_chain_length_max = max(elasticity, AVG + 4*SD)
 * We use 3 bits for frational part, and 29 (or 61) for magnitude.
 */

#define FRACT_BITS 3
#define ONE (1UL << FRACT_BITS)

/*
 * Given a hash chain and an item in this hash chain,
 * find if a previous entry has the same hash_inputs
 * (but differs on tos, mark or oif)
 * Returns 0 if an alias is found.
 * Returns ONE if rth has no alias before itself.
 */
static int has_noalias(const struct rtable *head, const struct rtable *rth)
{
        const struct rtable *aux = head;

        while (aux != rth) {
                if (compare_hash_inputs(aux, rth))
                        return 0;
                aux = rcu_dereference_protected(aux->dst.rt_next, 1);
        }
        return ONE;
}

static void rt_check_expire(void)
{
        static unsigned int rover;
        unsigned int i = rover, goal;
        struct rtable *rth;
        struct rtable __rcu **rthp;
        unsigned long samples = 0;
        unsigned long sum = 0, sum2 = 0;
        unsigned long delta;
        u64 mult;

        delta = jiffies - expires_ljiffies;
        expires_ljiffies = jiffies;
        mult = ((u64)delta) << rt_hash_log;
        if (ip_rt_gc_timeout > 1)
                do_div(mult, ip_rt_gc_timeout);
        goal = (unsigned int)mult;
        if (goal > rt_hash_mask)
                goal = rt_hash_mask + 1;
        for (; goal > 0; goal--) {
                unsigned long tmo = ip_rt_gc_timeout;
                unsigned long length;

                i = (i + 1) & rt_hash_mask;
                rthp = &rt_hash_table[i].chain;

                if (need_resched())
                        cond_resched();

                samples++;

                if (rcu_dereference_raw(*rthp) == NULL)
                        continue;
                length = 0;
                spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));
                while ((rth = rcu_dereference_protected(*rthp,
                                        lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(i)))) != NULL) {
                        prefetch(rth->dst.rt_next);
                        if (rt_is_expired(rth) ||
                            rt_may_expire(rth, tmo, ip_rt_gc_timeout)) {
                                *rthp = rth->dst.rt_next;
                                rt_free(rth);
                                continue;
                        }

                        /* We only count entries on a chain with equal
                         * hash inputs once so that entries for
                         * different QOS levels, and other non-hash
                         * input attributes don't unfairly skew the
                         * length computation
                         */
                        tmo >>= 1;
                        rthp = &rth->dst.rt_next;
                        length += has_noalias(rt_hash_table[i].chain, rth);
                }
                spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(i));
                sum += length;
                sum2 += length*length;
        }
        if (samples) {
                unsigned long avg = sum / samples;
                unsigned long sd = int_sqrt(sum2 / samples - avg*avg);
                rt_chain_length_max = max_t(unsigned long,
                                        ip_rt_gc_elasticity,
                                        (avg + 4*sd) >> FRACT_BITS);
        }
        rover = i;
}

/*
 * rt_worker_func() is run in process context.
 * we call rt_check_expire() to scan part of the hash table
 */
static void rt_worker_func(struct work_struct *work)
{
        rt_check_expire();
        schedule_delayed_work(&expires_work, ip_rt_gc_interval);
}

/*
 * Perturbation of rt_genid by a small quantity [1..256]
 * Using 8 bits of shuffling ensure we can call rt_cache_invalidate()
 * many times (2^24) without giving recent rt_genid.
 * Jenkins hash is strong enough that litle changes of rt_genid are OK.
 */
static void rt_cache_invalidate(struct net *net)
{
        unsigned char shuffle;

        get_random_bytes(&shuffle, sizeof(shuffle));
        atomic_add(shuffle + 1U, &net->ipv4.rt_genid);
}

/*
 * delay < 0  : invalidate cache (fast : entries will be deleted later)
 * delay >= 0 : invalidate & flush cache (can be long)
 */
void rt_cache_flush(struct net *net, int delay)
{
        rt_cache_invalidate(net);
        if (delay >= 0)
                rt_do_flush(net, !in_softirq());
}

/* Flush previous cache invalidated entries from the cache */
void rt_cache_flush_batch(struct net *net)
{
        rt_do_flush(net, !in_softirq());
}

static void rt_emergency_hash_rebuild(struct net *net)
{
        net_warn_ratelimited("Route hash chain too long!\n");
        rt_cache_invalidate(net);
}

/*
   Short description of GC goals.

   We want to build algorithm, which will keep routing cache
   at some equilibrium point, when number of aged off entries
   is kept approximately equal to newly generated ones.

   Current expiration strength is variable "expire".
   We try to adjust it dynamically, so that if networking
   is idle expires is large enough to keep enough of warm entries,
   and when load increases it reduces to limit cache size.
 */

static int rt_garbage_collect(struct dst_ops *ops)
{
        static unsigned long expire = RT_GC_TIMEOUT;
        static unsigned long last_gc;
        static int rover;
        static int equilibrium;
        struct rtable *rth;
        struct rtable __rcu **rthp;
        unsigned long now = jiffies;
        int goal;
        int entries = dst_entries_get_fast(&ipv4_dst_ops);

        /*
         * Garbage collection is pretty expensive,
         * do not make it too frequently.
         */

        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_total);

        if (now - last_gc < ip_rt_gc_min_interval &&
            entries < ip_rt_max_size) {
                RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_ignored);
                goto out;
        }

        entries = dst_entries_get_slow(&ipv4_dst_ops);
        /* Calculate number of entries, which we want to expire now. */
        goal = entries - (ip_rt_gc_elasticity << rt_hash_log);
        if (goal <= 0) {
                if (equilibrium < ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh)
                        equilibrium = ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh;
                goal = entries - equilibrium;
                if (goal > 0) {
                        equilibrium += min_t(unsigned int, goal >> 1, rt_hash_mask + 1);
                        goal = entries - equilibrium;
                }
        } else {
                /* We are in dangerous area. Try to reduce cache really
                 * aggressively.
                 */
                goal = max_t(unsigned int, goal >> 1, rt_hash_mask + 1);
                equilibrium = entries - goal;
        }

        if (now - last_gc >= ip_rt_gc_min_interval)
                last_gc = now;

        if (goal <= 0) {
                equilibrium += goal;
                goto work_done;
        }

        do {
                int i, k;

                for (i = rt_hash_mask, k = rover; i >= 0; i--) {
                        unsigned long tmo = expire;

                        k = (k + 1) & rt_hash_mask;
                        rthp = &rt_hash_table[k].chain;
                        spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(k));
                        while ((rth = rcu_dereference_protected(*rthp,
                                        lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(k)))) != NULL) {
                                if (!rt_is_expired(rth) &&
                                        !rt_may_expire(rth, tmo, expire)) {
                                        tmo >>= 1;
                                        rthp = &rth->dst.rt_next;
                                        continue;
                                }
                                *rthp = rth->dst.rt_next;
                                rt_free(rth);
                                goal--;
                        }
                        spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(k));
                        if (goal <= 0)
                                break;
                }
                rover = k;

                if (goal <= 0)
                        goto work_done;

                /* Goal is not achieved. We stop process if:

                   - if expire reduced to zero. Otherwise, expire is halfed.
                   - if table is not full.
                   - if we are called from interrupt.
                   - jiffies check is just fallback/debug loop breaker.
                     We will not spin here for long time in any case.
                 */

                RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_goal_miss);

                if (expire == 0)
                        break;

                expire >>= 1;

                if (dst_entries_get_fast(&ipv4_dst_ops) < ip_rt_max_size)
                        goto out;
        } while (!in_softirq() && time_before_eq(jiffies, now));

        if (dst_entries_get_fast(&ipv4_dst_ops) < ip_rt_max_size)
                goto out;
        if (dst_entries_get_slow(&ipv4_dst_ops) < ip_rt_max_size)
                goto out;
        net_warn_ratelimited("dst cache overflow\n");
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(gc_dst_overflow);
        return 1;

work_done:
        expire += ip_rt_gc_min_interval;
        if (expire > ip_rt_gc_timeout ||
            dst_entries_get_fast(&ipv4_dst_ops) < ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh ||
            dst_entries_get_slow(&ipv4_dst_ops) < ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh)
                expire = ip_rt_gc_timeout;
out:    return 0;
}

/*
 * Returns number of entries in a hash chain that have different hash_inputs
 */
static int slow_chain_length(const struct rtable *head)
{
        int length = 0;
        const struct rtable *rth = head;

        while (rth) {
                length += has_noalias(head, rth);
                rth = rcu_dereference_protected(rth->dst.rt_next, 1);
        }
        return length >> FRACT_BITS;
}

static struct neighbour *ipv4_neigh_lookup(const struct dst_entry *dst,
                                           struct sk_buff *skb,
                                           const void *daddr)
{
        struct net_device *dev = dst->dev;
        const __be32 *pkey = daddr;
        const struct rtable *rt;
        struct neighbour *n;

        rt = (const struct rtable *) dst;
        if (rt->rt_gateway)
                pkey = (const __be32 *) &rt->rt_gateway;
        else if (skb)
                pkey = &ip_hdr(skb)->daddr;

        n = __ipv4_neigh_lookup(dev, *(__force u32 *)pkey);
        if (n)
                return n;
        return neigh_create(&arp_tbl, pkey, dev);
}

static struct rtable *rt_intern_hash(unsigned int hash, struct rtable *rt,
                                     struct sk_buff *skb, int ifindex)
{
        struct rtable   *rth, *cand;
        struct rtable __rcu **rthp, **candp;
        unsigned long   now;
        u32             min_score;
        int             chain_length;

restart:
        chain_length = 0;
        min_score = ~(u32)0;
        cand = NULL;
        candp = NULL;
        now = jiffies;

        if (!rt_caching(dev_net(rt->dst.dev)) || (rt->dst.flags & DST_NOCACHE)) {
                /*
                 * If we're not caching, just tell the caller we
                 * were successful and don't touch the route.  The
                 * caller hold the sole reference to the cache entry, and
                 * it will be released when the caller is done with it.
                 * If we drop it here, the callers have no way to resolve routes
                 * when we're not caching.  Instead, just point *rp at rt, so
                 * the caller gets a single use out of the route
                 * Note that we do rt_free on this new route entry, so that
                 * once its refcount hits zero, we are still able to reap it
                 * (Thanks Alexey)
                 * Note: To avoid expensive rcu stuff for this uncached dst,
                 * we set DST_NOCACHE so that dst_release() can free dst without
                 * waiting a grace period.
                 */

                rt->dst.flags |= DST_NOCACHE;
                goto skip_hashing;
        }

        rthp = &rt_hash_table[hash].chain;

        spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
        while ((rth = rcu_dereference_protected(*rthp,
                        lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash)))) != NULL) {
                if (rt_is_expired(rth)) {
                        *rthp = rth->dst.rt_next;
                        rt_free(rth);
                        continue;
                }
                if (compare_keys(rth, rt) && compare_netns(rth, rt)) {
                        /* Put it first */
                        *rthp = rth->dst.rt_next;
                        /*
                         * Since lookup is lockfree, the deletion
                         * must be visible to another weakly ordered CPU before
                         * the insertion at the start of the hash chain.
                         */
                        rcu_assign_pointer(rth->dst.rt_next,
                                           rt_hash_table[hash].chain);
                        /*
                         * Since lookup is lockfree, the update writes
                         * must be ordered for consistency on SMP.
                         */
                        rcu_assign_pointer(rt_hash_table[hash].chain, rth);

                        dst_use(&rth->dst, now);
                        spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

                        rt_drop(rt);
                        if (skb)
                                skb_dst_set(skb, &rth->dst);
                        return rth;
                }

                if (!atomic_read(&rth->dst.__refcnt)) {
                        u32 score = rt_score(rth);

                        if (score <= min_score) {
                                cand = rth;
                                candp = rthp;
                                min_score = score;
                        }
                }

                chain_length++;

                rthp = &rth->dst.rt_next;
        }

        if (cand) {
                /* ip_rt_gc_elasticity used to be average length of chain
                 * length, when exceeded gc becomes really aggressive.
                 *
                 * The second limit is less certain. At the moment it allows
                 * only 2 entries per bucket. We will see.
                 */
                if (chain_length > ip_rt_gc_elasticity) {
                        *candp = cand->dst.rt_next;
                        rt_free(cand);
                }
        } else {
                if (chain_length > rt_chain_length_max &&
                    slow_chain_length(rt_hash_table[hash].chain) > rt_chain_length_max) {
                        struct net *net = dev_net(rt->dst.dev);
                        int num = ++net->ipv4.current_rt_cache_rebuild_count;
                        if (!rt_caching(net)) {
                                pr_warn("%s: %d rebuilds is over limit, route caching disabled\n",
                                        rt->dst.dev->name, num);
                        }
                        rt_emergency_hash_rebuild(net);
                        spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

                        hash = rt_hash(rt->rt_key_dst, rt->rt_key_src,
                                        ifindex, rt_genid(net));
                        goto restart;
                }
        }

        rt->dst.rt_next = rt_hash_table[hash].chain;

        /*
         * Since lookup is lockfree, we must make sure
         * previous writes to rt are committed to memory
         * before making rt visible to other CPUS.
         */
        rcu_assign_pointer(rt_hash_table[hash].chain, rt);

        spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));

skip_hashing:
        if (skb)
                skb_dst_set(skb, &rt->dst);
        return rt;
}

/*
 * Peer allocation may fail only in serious out-of-memory conditions.  However
 * we still can generate some output.
 * Random ID selection looks a bit dangerous because we have no chances to
 * select ID being unique in a reasonable period of time.
 * But broken packet identifier may be better than no packet at all.
 */
static void ip_select_fb_ident(struct iphdr *iph)
{
        static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ip_fb_id_lock);
        static u32 ip_fallback_id;
        u32 salt;

        spin_lock_bh(&ip_fb_id_lock);
        salt = secure_ip_id((__force __be32)ip_fallback_id ^ iph->daddr);
        iph->id = htons(salt & 0xFFFF);
        ip_fallback_id = salt;
        spin_unlock_bh(&ip_fb_id_lock);
}

void __ip_select_ident(struct iphdr *iph, struct dst_entry *dst, int more)
{
        struct net *net = dev_net(dst->dev);
        struct inet_peer *peer;

        peer = inet_getpeer_v4(net->ipv4.peers, iph->daddr, 1);
        if (peer) {
                iph->id = htons(inet_getid(peer, more));
                inet_putpeer(peer);
                return;
        }

        ip_select_fb_ident(iph);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ip_select_ident);

static void rt_del(unsigned int hash, struct rtable *rt)
{
        struct rtable __rcu **rthp;
        struct rtable *aux;

        rthp = &rt_hash_table[hash].chain;
        spin_lock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
        ip_rt_put(rt);
        while ((aux = rcu_dereference_protected(*rthp,
                        lockdep_is_held(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash)))) != NULL) {
                if (aux == rt || rt_is_expired(aux)) {
                        *rthp = aux->dst.rt_next;
                        rt_free(aux);
                        continue;
                }
                rthp = &aux->dst.rt_next;
        }
        spin_unlock_bh(rt_hash_lock_addr(hash));
}

static void __build_flow_key(struct flowi4 *fl4, struct sock *sk,
                             const struct iphdr *iph,
                             int oif, u8 tos,
                             u8 prot, u32 mark, int flow_flags)
{
        if (sk) {
                const struct inet_sock *inet = inet_sk(sk);

                oif = sk->sk_bound_dev_if;
                mark = sk->sk_mark;
                tos = RT_CONN_FLAGS(sk);
                prot = inet->hdrincl ? IPPROTO_RAW : sk->sk_protocol;
        }
        flowi4_init_output(fl4, oif, mark, tos,
                           RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE, prot,
                           flow_flags,
                           iph->daddr, iph->saddr, 0, 0);
}

static void build_skb_flow_key(struct flowi4 *fl4, struct sk_buff *skb, struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct iphdr *iph = ip_hdr(skb);
        int oif = skb->dev->ifindex;
        u8 tos = RT_TOS(iph->tos);
        u8 prot = iph->protocol;
        u32 mark = skb->mark;

        __build_flow_key(fl4, sk, iph, oif, tos, prot, mark, 0);
}

static void build_sk_flow_key(struct flowi4 *fl4, struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct inet_sock *inet = inet_sk(sk);
        struct ip_options_rcu *inet_opt;
        __be32 daddr = inet->inet_daddr;

        rcu_read_lock();
        inet_opt = rcu_dereference(inet->inet_opt);
        if (inet_opt && inet_opt->opt.srr)
                daddr = inet_opt->opt.faddr;
        flowi4_init_output(fl4, sk->sk_bound_dev_if, sk->sk_mark,
                           RT_CONN_FLAGS(sk), RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
                           inet->hdrincl ? IPPROTO_RAW : sk->sk_protocol,
                           inet_sk_flowi_flags(sk),
                           daddr, inet->inet_saddr, 0, 0);
        rcu_read_unlock();
}

static void ip_rt_build_flow_key(struct flowi4 *fl4, struct sock *sk,
                                 struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        if (skb)
                build_skb_flow_key(fl4, skb, sk);
        else
                build_sk_flow_key(fl4, sk);
}

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(fnhe_lock);

static struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe_oldest(struct fnhe_hash_bucket *hash, __be32 daddr)
{
        struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe, *oldest;

        oldest = rcu_dereference(hash->chain);
        for (fnhe = rcu_dereference(oldest->fnhe_next); fnhe;
             fnhe = rcu_dereference(fnhe->fnhe_next)) {
                if (time_before(fnhe->fnhe_stamp, oldest->fnhe_stamp))
                        oldest = fnhe;
        }
        return oldest;
}

static inline u32 fnhe_hashfun(__be32 daddr)
{
        u32 hval;

        hval = (__force u32) daddr;
        hval ^= (hval >> 11) ^ (hval >> 22);

        return hval & (FNHE_HASH_SIZE - 1);
}

static struct fib_nh_exception *find_or_create_fnhe(struct fib_nh *nh, __be32 daddr)
{
        struct fnhe_hash_bucket *hash = nh->nh_exceptions;
        struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe;
        int depth;
        u32 hval;

        if (!hash) {
                hash = nh->nh_exceptions = kzalloc(FNHE_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(*hash),
                                                   GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (!hash)
                        return NULL;
        }

        hval = fnhe_hashfun(daddr);
        hash += hval;

        depth = 0;
        for (fnhe = rcu_dereference(hash->chain); fnhe;
             fnhe = rcu_dereference(fnhe->fnhe_next)) {
                if (fnhe->fnhe_daddr == daddr)
                        goto out;
                depth++;
        }

        if (depth > FNHE_RECLAIM_DEPTH) {
                fnhe = fnhe_oldest(hash + hval, daddr);
                goto out_daddr;
        }
        fnhe = kzalloc(sizeof(*fnhe), GFP_ATOMIC);
        if (!fnhe)
                return NULL;

        fnhe->fnhe_next = hash->chain;
        rcu_assign_pointer(hash->chain, fnhe);

out_daddr:
        fnhe->fnhe_daddr = daddr;
out:
        fnhe->fnhe_stamp = jiffies;
        return fnhe;
}

static void __ip_do_redirect(struct rtable *rt, struct sk_buff *skb, struct flowi4 *fl4)
{
        __be32 new_gw = icmp_hdr(skb)->un.gateway;
        __be32 old_gw = ip_hdr(skb)->saddr;
        struct net_device *dev = skb->dev;
        struct in_device *in_dev;
        struct fib_result res;
        struct neighbour *n;
        struct net *net;

        switch (icmp_hdr(skb)->code & 7) {
        case ICMP_REDIR_NET:
        case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS:
        case ICMP_REDIR_HOST:
        case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS:
                break;

        default:
                return;
        }

        if (rt->rt_gateway != old_gw)
                return;

        in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);
        if (!in_dev)
                return;

        net = dev_net(dev);
        if (new_gw == old_gw || !IN_DEV_RX_REDIRECTS(in_dev) ||
            ipv4_is_multicast(new_gw) || ipv4_is_lbcast(new_gw) ||
            ipv4_is_zeronet(new_gw))
                goto reject_redirect;

        if (!IN_DEV_SHARED_MEDIA(in_dev)) {
                if (!inet_addr_onlink(in_dev, new_gw, old_gw))
                        goto reject_redirect;
                if (IN_DEV_SEC_REDIRECTS(in_dev) && ip_fib_check_default(new_gw, dev))
                        goto reject_redirect;
        } else {
                if (inet_addr_type(net, new_gw) != RTN_UNICAST)
                        goto reject_redirect;
        }

        n = ipv4_neigh_lookup(&rt->dst, NULL, &new_gw);
        if (n) {
                if (!(n->nud_state & NUD_VALID)) {
                        neigh_event_send(n, NULL);
                } else {
                        if (fib_lookup(net, fl4, &res) == 0) {
                                struct fib_nh *nh = &FIB_RES_NH(res);
                                struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe;

                                spin_lock_bh(&fnhe_lock);
                                fnhe = find_or_create_fnhe(nh, fl4->daddr);
                                if (fnhe)
                                        fnhe->fnhe_gw = new_gw;
                                spin_unlock_bh(&fnhe_lock);
                        }
                        rt->rt_gateway = new_gw;
                        rt->rt_flags |= RTCF_REDIRECTED;
                        call_netevent_notifiers(NETEVENT_NEIGH_UPDATE, n);
                }
                neigh_release(n);
        }
        return;

reject_redirect:
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
        if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev)) {
                const struct iphdr *iph = (const struct iphdr *) skb->data;
                __be32 daddr = iph->daddr;
                __be32 saddr = iph->saddr;

                net_info_ratelimited("Redirect from %pI4 on %s about %pI4 ignored\n"
                                     "  Advised path = %pI4 -> %pI4\n",
                                     &old_gw, dev->name, &new_gw,
                                     &saddr, &daddr);
        }
#endif
        ;
}

static void ip_do_redirect(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct rtable *rt;
        struct flowi4 fl4;

        rt = (struct rtable *) dst;

        ip_rt_build_flow_key(&fl4, sk, skb);
        __ip_do_redirect(rt, skb, &fl4);
}

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_negative_advice(struct dst_entry *dst)
{
        struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *)dst;
        struct dst_entry *ret = dst;

        if (rt) {
                if (dst->obsolete > 0) {
                        ip_rt_put(rt);
                        ret = NULL;
                } else if ((rt->rt_flags & RTCF_REDIRECTED) ||
                           rt->dst.expires) {
                        unsigned int hash = rt_hash(rt->rt_key_dst, rt->rt_key_src,
                                                rt->rt_oif,
                                                rt_genid(dev_net(dst->dev)));
                        rt_del(hash, rt);
                        ret = NULL;
                }
        }
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Algorithm:
 *      1. The first ip_rt_redirect_number redirects are sent
 *         with exponential backoff, then we stop sending them at all,
 *         assuming that the host ignores our redirects.
 *      2. If we did not see packets requiring redirects
 *         during ip_rt_redirect_silence, we assume that the host
 *         forgot redirected route and start to send redirects again.
 *
 * This algorithm is much cheaper and more intelligent than dumb load limiting
 * in icmp.c.
 *
 * NOTE. Do not forget to inhibit load limiting for redirects (redundant)
 * and "frag. need" (breaks PMTU discovery) in icmp.c.
 */

void ip_rt_send_redirect(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
        struct in_device *in_dev;
        struct inet_peer *peer;
        struct net *net;
        int log_martians;

        rcu_read_lock();
        in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(rt->dst.dev);
        if (!in_dev || !IN_DEV_TX_REDIRECTS(in_dev)) {
                rcu_read_unlock();
                return;
        }
        log_martians = IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev);
        rcu_read_unlock();

        net = dev_net(rt->dst.dev);
        peer = inet_getpeer_v4(net->ipv4.peers, ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, 1);
        if (!peer) {
                icmp_send(skb, ICMP_REDIRECT, ICMP_REDIR_HOST, rt->rt_gateway);
                return;
        }

        /* No redirected packets during ip_rt_redirect_silence;
         * reset the algorithm.
         */
        if (time_after(jiffies, peer->rate_last + ip_rt_redirect_silence))
                peer->rate_tokens = 0;

        /* Too many ignored redirects; do not send anything
         * set dst.rate_last to the last seen redirected packet.
         */
        if (peer->rate_tokens >= ip_rt_redirect_number) {
                peer->rate_last = jiffies;
                goto out_put_peer;
        }

        /* Check for load limit; set rate_last to the latest sent
         * redirect.
         */
        if (peer->rate_tokens == 0 ||
            time_after(jiffies,
                       (peer->rate_last +
                        (ip_rt_redirect_load << peer->rate_tokens)))) {
                icmp_send(skb, ICMP_REDIRECT, ICMP_REDIR_HOST, rt->rt_gateway);
                peer->rate_last = jiffies;
                ++peer->rate_tokens;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
                if (log_martians &&
                    peer->rate_tokens == ip_rt_redirect_number)
                        net_warn_ratelimited("host %pI4/if%d ignores redirects for %pI4 to %pI4\n",
                                             &ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, rt->rt_iif,
                                             &rt->rt_dst, &rt->rt_gateway);
#endif
        }
out_put_peer:
        inet_putpeer(peer);
}

static int ip_error(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(skb->dev);
        struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
        struct inet_peer *peer;
        unsigned long now;
        struct net *net;
        bool send;
        int code;

        net = dev_net(rt->dst.dev);
        if (!IN_DEV_FORWARD(in_dev)) {
                switch (rt->dst.error) {
                case EHOSTUNREACH:
                        IP_INC_STATS_BH(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INADDRERRORS);
                        break;

                case ENETUNREACH:
                        IP_INC_STATS_BH(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INNOROUTES);
                        break;
                }
                goto out;
        }

        switch (rt->dst.error) {
        case EINVAL:
        default:
                goto out;
        case EHOSTUNREACH:
                code = ICMP_HOST_UNREACH;
                break;
        case ENETUNREACH:
                code = ICMP_NET_UNREACH;
                IP_INC_STATS_BH(net, IPSTATS_MIB_INNOROUTES);
                break;
        case EACCES:
                code = ICMP_PKT_FILTERED;
                break;
        }

        peer = inet_getpeer_v4(net->ipv4.peers, ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, 1);

        send = true;
        if (peer) {
                now = jiffies;
                peer->rate_tokens += now - peer->rate_last;
                if (peer->rate_tokens > ip_rt_error_burst)
                        peer->rate_tokens = ip_rt_error_burst;
                peer->rate_last = now;
                if (peer->rate_tokens >= ip_rt_error_cost)
                        peer->rate_tokens -= ip_rt_error_cost;
                else
                        send = false;
                inet_putpeer(peer);
        }
        if (send)
                icmp_send(skb, ICMP_DEST_UNREACH, code, 0);

out:    kfree_skb(skb);
        return 0;
}

static void __ip_rt_update_pmtu(struct rtable *rt, struct flowi4 *fl4, u32 mtu)
{
        struct fib_result res;

        if (mtu < ip_rt_min_pmtu)
                mtu = ip_rt_min_pmtu;

        if (fib_lookup(dev_net(rt->dst.dev), fl4, &res) == 0) {
                struct fib_nh *nh = &FIB_RES_NH(res);
                struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe;

                spin_lock_bh(&fnhe_lock);
                fnhe = find_or_create_fnhe(nh, fl4->daddr);
                if (fnhe) {
                        fnhe->fnhe_pmtu = mtu;
                        fnhe->fnhe_expires = jiffies + ip_rt_mtu_expires;
                }
                spin_unlock_bh(&fnhe_lock);
        }
        rt->rt_pmtu = mtu;
        dst_set_expires(&rt->dst, ip_rt_mtu_expires);
}

static void ip_rt_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk,
                              struct sk_buff *skb, u32 mtu)
{
        struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;
        struct flowi4 fl4;

        ip_rt_build_flow_key(&fl4, sk, skb);
        __ip_rt_update_pmtu(rt, &fl4, mtu);
}

void ipv4_update_pmtu(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net *net, u32 mtu,
                      int oif, u32 mark, u8 protocol, int flow_flags)
{
        const struct iphdr *iph = (const struct iphdr *) skb->data;
        struct flowi4 fl4;
        struct rtable *rt;

        __build_flow_key(&fl4, NULL, iph, oif,
                         RT_TOS(iph->tos), protocol, mark, flow_flags);
        rt = __ip_route_output_key(net, &fl4);
        if (!IS_ERR(rt)) {
                __ip_rt_update_pmtu(rt, &fl4, mtu);
                ip_rt_put(rt);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ipv4_update_pmtu);

void ipv4_sk_update_pmtu(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sock *sk, u32 mtu)
{
        const struct iphdr *iph = (const struct iphdr *) skb->data;
        struct flowi4 fl4;
        struct rtable *rt;

        __build_flow_key(&fl4, sk, iph, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        rt = __ip_route_output_key(sock_net(sk), &fl4);
        if (!IS_ERR(rt)) {
                __ip_rt_update_pmtu(rt, &fl4, mtu);
                ip_rt_put(rt);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ipv4_sk_update_pmtu);

void ipv4_redirect(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net *net,
                   int oif, u32 mark, u8 protocol, int flow_flags)
{
        const struct iphdr *iph = (const struct iphdr *) skb->data;
        struct flowi4 fl4;
        struct rtable *rt;

        __build_flow_key(&fl4, NULL, iph, oif,
                         RT_TOS(iph->tos), protocol, mark, flow_flags);
        rt = __ip_route_output_key(net, &fl4);
        if (!IS_ERR(rt)) {
                __ip_do_redirect(rt, skb, &fl4);
                ip_rt_put(rt);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ipv4_redirect);

void ipv4_sk_redirect(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sock *sk)
{
        const struct iphdr *iph = (const struct iphdr *) skb->data;
        struct flowi4 fl4;
        struct rtable *rt;

        __build_flow_key(&fl4, sk, iph, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        rt = __ip_route_output_key(sock_net(sk), &fl4);
        if (!IS_ERR(rt)) {
                __ip_do_redirect(rt, skb, &fl4);
                ip_rt_put(rt);
        }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ipv4_sk_redirect);

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie)
{
        struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;

        if (rt_is_expired(rt))
                return NULL;
        return dst;
}

static void ipv4_dst_destroy(struct dst_entry *dst)
{
        struct rtable *rt = (struct rtable *) dst;

        if (rt->fi) {
                fib_info_put(rt->fi);
                rt->fi = NULL;
        }
}


static void ipv4_link_failure(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        struct rtable *rt;

        icmp_send(skb, ICMP_DEST_UNREACH, ICMP_HOST_UNREACH, 0);

        rt = skb_rtable(skb);
        if (rt)
                dst_set_expires(&rt->dst, 0);
}

static int ip_rt_bug(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
        pr_debug("%s: %pI4 -> %pI4, %s\n",
                 __func__, &ip_hdr(skb)->saddr, &ip_hdr(skb)->daddr,
                 skb->dev ? skb->dev->name : "?");
        kfree_skb(skb);
        WARN_ON(1);
        return 0;
}

/*
   We do not cache source address of outgoing interface,
   because it is used only by IP RR, TS and SRR options,
   so that it out of fast path.

   BTW remember: "addr" is allowed to be not aligned
   in IP options!
 */

void ip_rt_get_source(u8 *addr, struct sk_buff *skb, struct rtable *rt)
{
        __be32 src;

        if (rt_is_output_route(rt))
                src = ip_hdr(skb)->saddr;
        else {
                struct fib_result res;
                struct flowi4 fl4;
                struct iphdr *iph;

                iph = ip_hdr(skb);

                memset(&fl4, 0, sizeof(fl4));
                fl4.daddr = iph->daddr;
                fl4.saddr = iph->saddr;
                fl4.flowi4_tos = RT_TOS(iph->tos);
                fl4.flowi4_oif = rt->dst.dev->ifindex;
                fl4.flowi4_iif = skb->dev->ifindex;
                fl4.flowi4_mark = skb->mark;

                rcu_read_lock();
                if (fib_lookup(dev_net(rt->dst.dev), &fl4, &res) == 0)
                        src = FIB_RES_PREFSRC(dev_net(rt->dst.dev), res);
                else
                        src = inet_select_addr(rt->dst.dev, rt->rt_gateway,
                                        RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE);
                rcu_read_unlock();
        }
        memcpy(addr, &src, 4);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
static void set_class_tag(struct rtable *rt, u32 tag)
{
        if (!(rt->dst.tclassid & 0xFFFF))
                rt->dst.tclassid |= tag & 0xFFFF;
        if (!(rt->dst.tclassid & 0xFFFF0000))
                rt->dst.tclassid |= tag & 0xFFFF0000;
}
#endif

static unsigned int ipv4_default_advmss(const struct dst_entry *dst)
{
        unsigned int advmss = dst_metric_raw(dst, RTAX_ADVMSS);

        if (advmss == 0) {
                advmss = max_t(unsigned int, dst->dev->mtu - 40,
                               ip_rt_min_advmss);
                if (advmss > 65535 - 40)
                        advmss = 65535 - 40;
        }
        return advmss;
}

static unsigned int ipv4_mtu(const struct dst_entry *dst)
{
        const struct rtable *rt = (const struct rtable *) dst;
        unsigned int mtu = rt->rt_pmtu;

        if (mtu && time_after_eq(jiffies, rt->dst.expires))
                mtu = 0;

        if (!mtu)
                mtu = dst_metric_raw(dst, RTAX_MTU);

        if (mtu && rt_is_output_route(rt))
                return mtu;

        mtu = dst->dev->mtu;

        if (unlikely(dst_metric_locked(dst, RTAX_MTU))) {

                if (rt->rt_gateway != rt->rt_dst && mtu > 576)
                        mtu = 576;
        }

        if (mtu > IP_MAX_MTU)
                mtu = IP_MAX_MTU;

        return mtu;
}

static void rt_init_metrics(struct rtable *rt, const struct flowi4 *fl4,
                            struct fib_info *fi)
{
        if (fi->fib_metrics != (u32 *) dst_default_metrics) {
                rt->fi = fi;
                atomic_inc(&fi->fib_clntref);
        }
        dst_init_metrics(&rt->dst, fi->fib_metrics, true);
}

static void rt_bind_exception(struct rtable *rt, struct fib_nh *nh, __be32 daddr)
{
        struct fnhe_hash_bucket *hash = nh->nh_exceptions;
        struct fib_nh_exception *fnhe;
        u32 hval;

        hval = fnhe_hashfun(daddr);

        for (fnhe = rcu_dereference(hash[hval].chain); fnhe;
             fnhe = rcu_dereference(fnhe->fnhe_next)) {
                if (fnhe->fnhe_daddr == daddr) {
                        if (fnhe->fnhe_pmtu) {
                                unsigned long expires = fnhe->fnhe_expires;
                                unsigned long diff = jiffies - expires;

                                if (time_before(jiffies, expires)) {
                                        rt->rt_pmtu = fnhe->fnhe_pmtu;
                                        dst_set_expires(&rt->dst, diff);
                                }
                        }
                        if (fnhe->fnhe_gw)
                                rt->rt_gateway = fnhe->fnhe_gw;
                        fnhe->fnhe_stamp = jiffies;
                        break;
                }
        }
}

static void rt_set_nexthop(struct rtable *rt, const struct flowi4 *fl4,
                           const struct fib_result *res,
                           struct fib_info *fi, u16 type, u32 itag)
{
        if (fi) {
                struct fib_nh *nh = &FIB_RES_NH(*res);

                if (nh->nh_gw && nh->nh_scope == RT_SCOPE_LINK)
                        rt->rt_gateway = nh->nh_gw;
                if (unlikely(nh->nh_exceptions))
                        rt_bind_exception(rt, nh, fl4->daddr);
                rt_init_metrics(rt, fl4, fi);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
                rt->dst.tclassid = FIB_RES_NH(*res).nh_tclassid;
#endif
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTIPLE_TABLES
        set_class_tag(rt, res->tclassid);
#endif
        set_class_tag(rt, itag);
#endif
}

static struct rtable *rt_dst_alloc(struct net_device *dev,
                                   bool nopolicy, bool noxfrm)
{
        return dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_ops, dev, 1, -1,
                         DST_HOST |
                         (nopolicy ? DST_NOPOLICY : 0) |
                         (noxfrm ? DST_NOXFRM : 0));
}

/* called in rcu_read_lock() section */
static int ip_route_input_mc(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
                                u8 tos, struct net_device *dev, int our)
{
        unsigned int hash;
        struct rtable *rth;
        struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);
        u32 itag = 0;
        int err;

        /* Primary sanity checks. */

        if (in_dev == NULL)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (ipv4_is_multicast(saddr) || ipv4_is_lbcast(saddr) ||
            skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP))
                goto e_inval;

        if (likely(!IN_DEV_ROUTE_LOCALNET(in_dev)))
                if (ipv4_is_loopback(saddr))
                        goto e_inval;

        if (ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr)) {
                if (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr))
                        goto e_inval;
        } else {
                err = fib_validate_source(skb, saddr, 0, tos, 0, dev,
                                          in_dev, &itag);
                if (err < 0)
                        goto e_err;
        }
        rth = rt_dst_alloc(dev_net(dev)->loopback_dev,
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY), false);
        if (!rth)
                goto e_nobufs;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        rth->dst.tclassid = itag;
#endif
        rth->dst.output = ip_rt_bug;

        rth->rt_key_dst = daddr;
        rth->rt_key_src = saddr;
        rth->rt_genid   = rt_genid(dev_net(dev));
        rth->rt_flags   = RTCF_MULTICAST;
        rth->rt_type    = RTN_MULTICAST;
        rth->rt_key_tos = tos;
        rth->rt_dst     = daddr;
        rth->rt_src     = saddr;
        rth->rt_route_iif = dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_iif     = dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_oif     = 0;
        rth->rt_mark    = skb->mark;
        rth->rt_pmtu    = 0;
        rth->rt_gateway = daddr;
        rth->fi = NULL;
        if (our) {
                rth->dst.input= ip_local_deliver;
                rth->rt_flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
        if (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr) && IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev))
                rth->dst.input = ip_mr_input;
#endif
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_slow_mc);

        hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, dev->ifindex, rt_genid(dev_net(dev)));
        rth = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, skb, dev->ifindex);
        return IS_ERR(rth) ? PTR_ERR(rth) : 0;

e_nobufs:
        return -ENOBUFS;
e_inval:
        return -EINVAL;
e_err:
        return err;
}


static void ip_handle_martian_source(struct net_device *dev,
                                     struct in_device *in_dev,
                                     struct sk_buff *skb,
                                     __be32 daddr,
                                     __be32 saddr)
{
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_martian_src);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
        if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev) && net_ratelimit()) {
                /*
                 *      RFC1812 recommendation, if source is martian,
                 *      the only hint is MAC header.
                 */
                pr_warn("martian source %pI4 from %pI4, on dev %s\n",
                        &daddr, &saddr, dev->name);
                if (dev->hard_header_len && skb_mac_header_was_set(skb)) {
                        print_hex_dump(KERN_WARNING, "ll header: ",
                                       DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 16, 1,
                                       skb_mac_header(skb),
                                       dev->hard_header_len, true);
                }
        }
#endif
}

/* called in rcu_read_lock() section */
static int __mkroute_input(struct sk_buff *skb,
                           const struct fib_result *res,
                           struct in_device *in_dev,
                           __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, u32 tos,
                           struct rtable **result)
{
        struct rtable *rth;
        int err;
        struct in_device *out_dev;
        unsigned int flags = 0;
        u32 itag;

        /* get a working reference to the output device */
        out_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(FIB_RES_DEV(*res));
        if (out_dev == NULL) {
                net_crit_ratelimited("Bug in ip_route_input_slow(). Please report.\n");
                return -EINVAL;
        }


        err = fib_validate_source(skb, saddr, daddr, tos, FIB_RES_OIF(*res),
                                  in_dev->dev, in_dev, &itag);
        if (err < 0) {
                ip_handle_martian_source(in_dev->dev, in_dev, skb, daddr,
                                         saddr);

                goto cleanup;
        }

        if (err)
                flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;

        if (out_dev == in_dev && err &&
            (IN_DEV_SHARED_MEDIA(out_dev) ||
             inet_addr_onlink(out_dev, saddr, FIB_RES_GW(*res))))
                flags |= RTCF_DOREDIRECT;

        if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP)) {
                /* Not IP (i.e. ARP). Do not create route, if it is
                 * invalid for proxy arp. DNAT routes are always valid.
                 *
                 * Proxy arp feature have been extended to allow, ARP
                 * replies back to the same interface, to support
                 * Private VLAN switch technologies. See arp.c.
                 */
                if (out_dev == in_dev &&
                    IN_DEV_PROXY_ARP_PVLAN(in_dev) == 0) {
                        err = -EINVAL;
                        goto cleanup;
                }
        }

        rth = rt_dst_alloc(out_dev->dev,
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY),
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(out_dev, NOXFRM));
        if (!rth) {
                err = -ENOBUFS;
                goto cleanup;
        }

        rth->rt_key_dst = daddr;
        rth->rt_key_src = saddr;
        rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(dev_net(rth->dst.dev));
        rth->rt_flags = flags;
        rth->rt_type = res->type;
        rth->rt_key_tos = tos;
        rth->rt_dst     = daddr;
        rth->rt_src     = saddr;
        rth->rt_route_iif = in_dev->dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_iif     = in_dev->dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_oif     = 0;
        rth->rt_mark    = skb->mark;
        rth->rt_pmtu    = 0;
        rth->rt_gateway = daddr;
        rth->fi = NULL;

        rth->dst.input = ip_forward;
        rth->dst.output = ip_output;

        rt_set_nexthop(rth, NULL, res, res->fi, res->type, itag);

        *result = rth;
        err = 0;
 cleanup:
        return err;
}

static int ip_mkroute_input(struct sk_buff *skb,
                            struct fib_result *res,
                            const struct flowi4 *fl4,
                            struct in_device *in_dev,
                            __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr, u32 tos)
{
        struct rtable *rth = NULL;
        int err;
        unsigned int hash;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
        if (res->fi && res->fi->fib_nhs > 1)
                fib_select_multipath(res);
#endif

        /* create a routing cache entry */
        err = __mkroute_input(skb, res, in_dev, daddr, saddr, tos, &rth);
        if (err)
                return err;

        /* put it into the cache */
        hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, fl4->flowi4_iif,
                       rt_genid(dev_net(rth->dst.dev)));
        rth = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, skb, fl4->flowi4_iif);
        if (IS_ERR(rth))
                return PTR_ERR(rth);
        return 0;
}

/*
 *      NOTE. We drop all the packets that has local source
 *      addresses, because every properly looped back packet
 *      must have correct destination already attached by output routine.
 *
 *      Such approach solves two big problems:
 *      1. Not simplex devices are handled properly.
 *      2. IP spoofing attempts are filtered with 100% of guarantee.
 *      called with rcu_read_lock()
 */

static int ip_route_input_slow(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
                               u8 tos, struct net_device *dev)
{
        struct fib_result res;
        struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);
        struct flowi4   fl4;
        unsigned int    flags = 0;
        u32             itag = 0;
        struct rtable   *rth;
        unsigned int    hash;
        int             err = -EINVAL;
        struct net    *net = dev_net(dev);

        /* IP on this device is disabled. */

        if (!in_dev)
                goto out;

        /* Check for the most weird martians, which can be not detected
           by fib_lookup.
         */

        if (ipv4_is_multicast(saddr) || ipv4_is_lbcast(saddr))
                goto martian_source;

        if (ipv4_is_lbcast(daddr) || (saddr == 0 && daddr == 0))
                goto brd_input;

        /* Accept zero addresses only to limited broadcast;
         * I even do not know to fix it or not. Waiting for complains :-)
         */
        if (ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr))
                goto martian_source;

        if (ipv4_is_zeronet(daddr))
                goto martian_destination;

        if (likely(!IN_DEV_ROUTE_LOCALNET(in_dev))) {
                if (ipv4_is_loopback(daddr))
                        goto martian_destination;

                if (ipv4_is_loopback(saddr))
                        goto martian_source;
        }

        /*
         *      Now we are ready to route packet.
         */
        fl4.flowi4_oif = 0;
        fl4.flowi4_iif = dev->ifindex;
        fl4.flowi4_mark = skb->mark;
        fl4.flowi4_tos = tos;
        fl4.flowi4_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
        fl4.daddr = daddr;
        fl4.saddr = saddr;
        err = fib_lookup(net, &fl4, &res);
        if (err != 0)
                goto no_route;

        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_slow_tot);

        if (res.type == RTN_BROADCAST)
                goto brd_input;

        if (res.type == RTN_LOCAL) {
                err = fib_validate_source(skb, saddr, daddr, tos,
                                          net->loopback_dev->ifindex,
                                          dev, in_dev, &itag);
                if (err < 0)
                        goto martian_source_keep_err;
                if (err)
                        flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;
                goto local_input;
        }

        if (!IN_DEV_FORWARD(in_dev))
                goto no_route;
        if (res.type != RTN_UNICAST)
                goto martian_destination;

        err = ip_mkroute_input(skb, &res, &fl4, in_dev, daddr, saddr, tos);
out:    return err;

brd_input:
        if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP))
                goto e_inval;

        if (!ipv4_is_zeronet(saddr)) {
                err = fib_validate_source(skb, saddr, 0, tos, 0, dev,
                                          in_dev, &itag);
                if (err < 0)
                        goto martian_source_keep_err;
                if (err)
                        flags |= RTCF_DIRECTSRC;
        }
        flags |= RTCF_BROADCAST;
        res.type = RTN_BROADCAST;
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_brd);

local_input:
        rth = rt_dst_alloc(net->loopback_dev,
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY), false);
        if (!rth)
                goto e_nobufs;

        rth->dst.input= ip_local_deliver;
        rth->dst.output= ip_rt_bug;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        rth->dst.tclassid = itag;
#endif

        rth->rt_key_dst = daddr;
        rth->rt_key_src = saddr;
        rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(net);
        rth->rt_flags   = flags|RTCF_LOCAL;
        rth->rt_type    = res.type;
        rth->rt_key_tos = tos;
        rth->rt_dst     = daddr;
        rth->rt_src     = saddr;
        rth->rt_route_iif = dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_iif     = dev->ifindex;
        rth->rt_oif     = 0;
        rth->rt_mark    = skb->mark;
        rth->rt_pmtu    = 0;
        rth->rt_gateway = daddr;
        rth->fi = NULL;
        if (res.type == RTN_UNREACHABLE) {
                rth->dst.input= ip_error;
                rth->dst.error= -err;
                rth->rt_flags   &= ~RTCF_LOCAL;
        }
        hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, fl4.flowi4_iif, rt_genid(net));
        rth = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, skb, fl4.flowi4_iif);
        err = 0;
        if (IS_ERR(rth))
                err = PTR_ERR(rth);
        goto out;

no_route:
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_no_route);
        res.type = RTN_UNREACHABLE;
        if (err == -ESRCH)
                err = -ENETUNREACH;
        goto local_input;

        /*
         *      Do not cache martian addresses: they should be logged (RFC1812)
         */
martian_destination:
        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_martian_dst);
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_VERBOSE
        if (IN_DEV_LOG_MARTIANS(in_dev))
                net_warn_ratelimited("martian destination %pI4 from %pI4, dev %s\n",
                                     &daddr, &saddr, dev->name);
#endif

e_inval:
        err = -EINVAL;
        goto out;

e_nobufs:
        err = -ENOBUFS;
        goto out;

martian_source:
        err = -EINVAL;
martian_source_keep_err:
        ip_handle_martian_source(dev, in_dev, skb, daddr, saddr);
        goto out;
}

int ip_route_input_common(struct sk_buff *skb, __be32 daddr, __be32 saddr,
                           u8 tos, struct net_device *dev, bool noref)
{
        struct rtable   *rth;
        unsigned int    hash;
        int iif = dev->ifindex;
        struct net *net;
        int res;

        net = dev_net(dev);

        rcu_read_lock();

        if (!rt_caching(net))
                goto skip_cache;

        tos &= IPTOS_RT_MASK;
        hash = rt_hash(daddr, saddr, iif, rt_genid(net));

        for (rth = rcu_dereference(rt_hash_table[hash].chain); rth;
             rth = rcu_dereference(rth->dst.rt_next)) {
                if ((((__force u32)rth->rt_key_dst ^ (__force u32)daddr) |
                     ((__force u32)rth->rt_key_src ^ (__force u32)saddr) |
                     (rth->rt_route_iif ^ iif) |
                     (rth->rt_key_tos ^ tos)) == 0 &&
                    rth->rt_mark == skb->mark &&
                    net_eq(dev_net(rth->dst.dev), net) &&
                    !rt_is_expired(rth)) {
                        if (noref) {
                                dst_use_noref(&rth->dst, jiffies);
                                skb_dst_set_noref(skb, &rth->dst);
                        } else {
                                dst_use(&rth->dst, jiffies);
                                skb_dst_set(skb, &rth->dst);
                        }
                        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_hit);
                        rcu_read_unlock();
                        return 0;
                }
                RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(in_hlist_search);
        }

skip_cache:
        /* Multicast recognition logic is moved from route cache to here.
           The problem was that too many Ethernet cards have broken/missing
           hardware multicast filters :-( As result the host on multicasting
           network acquires a lot of useless route cache entries, sort of
           SDR messages from all the world. Now we try to get rid of them.
           Really, provided software IP multicast filter is organized
           reasonably (at least, hashed), it does not result in a slowdown
           comparing with route cache reject entries.
           Note, that multicast routers are not affected, because
           route cache entry is created eventually.
         */
        if (ipv4_is_multicast(daddr)) {
                struct in_device *in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev);

                if (in_dev) {
                        int our = ip_check_mc_rcu(in_dev, daddr, saddr,
                                                  ip_hdr(skb)->protocol);
                        if (our
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
                                ||
                            (!ipv4_is_local_multicast(daddr) &&
                             IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev))
#endif
                           ) {
                                int res = ip_route_input_mc(skb, daddr, saddr,
                                                            tos, dev, our);
                                rcu_read_unlock();
                                return res;
                        }
                }
                rcu_read_unlock();
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        res = ip_route_input_slow(skb, daddr, saddr, tos, dev);
        rcu_read_unlock();
        return res;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_route_input_common);

/* called with rcu_read_lock() */
static struct rtable *__mkroute_output(const struct fib_result *res,
                                       const struct flowi4 *fl4,
                                       __be32 orig_daddr, __be32 orig_saddr,
                                       int orig_oif, __u8 orig_rtos,
                                       struct net_device *dev_out,
                                       unsigned int flags)
{
        struct fib_info *fi = res->fi;
        struct in_device *in_dev;
        u16 type = res->type;
        struct rtable *rth;

        in_dev = __in_dev_get_rcu(dev_out);
        if (!in_dev)
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

        if (likely(!IN_DEV_ROUTE_LOCALNET(in_dev)))
                if (ipv4_is_loopback(fl4->saddr) && !(dev_out->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK))
                        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

        if (ipv4_is_lbcast(fl4->daddr))
                type = RTN_BROADCAST;
        else if (ipv4_is_multicast(fl4->daddr))
                type = RTN_MULTICAST;
        else if (ipv4_is_zeronet(fl4->daddr))
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

        if (dev_out->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
                flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;

        if (type == RTN_BROADCAST) {
                flags |= RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_LOCAL;
                fi = NULL;
        } else if (type == RTN_MULTICAST) {
                flags |= RTCF_MULTICAST | RTCF_LOCAL;
                if (!ip_check_mc_rcu(in_dev, fl4->daddr, fl4->saddr,
                                     fl4->flowi4_proto))
                        flags &= ~RTCF_LOCAL;
                /* If multicast route do not exist use
                 * default one, but do not gateway in this case.
                 * Yes, it is hack.
                 */
                if (fi && res->prefixlen < 4)
                        fi = NULL;
        }

        rth = rt_dst_alloc(dev_out,
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOPOLICY),
                           IN_DEV_CONF_GET(in_dev, NOXFRM));
        if (!rth)
                return ERR_PTR(-ENOBUFS);

        rth->dst.output = ip_output;

        rth->rt_key_dst = orig_daddr;
        rth->rt_key_src = orig_saddr;
        rth->rt_genid = rt_genid(dev_net(dev_out));
        rth->rt_flags   = flags;
        rth->rt_type    = type;
        rth->rt_key_tos = orig_rtos;
        rth->rt_dst     = fl4->daddr;
        rth->rt_src     = fl4->saddr;
        rth->rt_route_iif = 0;
        rth->rt_iif     = orig_oif ? : dev_out->ifindex;
        rth->rt_oif     = orig_oif;
        rth->rt_mark    = fl4->flowi4_mark;
        rth->rt_pmtu    = 0;
        rth->rt_gateway = fl4->daddr;
        rth->fi = NULL;

        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_slow_tot);

        if (flags & RTCF_LOCAL)
                rth->dst.input = ip_local_deliver;
        if (flags & (RTCF_BROADCAST | RTCF_MULTICAST)) {
                if (flags & RTCF_LOCAL &&
                    !(dev_out->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
                        rth->dst.output = ip_mc_output;
                        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_slow_mc);
                }
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
                if (type == RTN_MULTICAST) {
                        if (IN_DEV_MFORWARD(in_dev) &&
                            !ipv4_is_local_multicast(fl4->daddr)) {
                                rth->dst.input = ip_mr_input;
                                rth->dst.output = ip_mc_output;
                        }
                }
#endif
        }

        rt_set_nexthop(rth, fl4, res, fi, type, 0);

        if (fl4->flowi4_flags & FLOWI_FLAG_RT_NOCACHE)
                rth->dst.flags |= DST_NOCACHE;

        return rth;
}

/*
 * Major route resolver routine.
 * called with rcu_read_lock();
 */

static struct rtable *ip_route_output_slow(struct net *net, struct flowi4 *fl4)
{
        struct net_device *dev_out = NULL;
        __u8 tos = RT_FL_TOS(fl4);
        unsigned int flags = 0;
        struct fib_result res;
        struct rtable *rth;
        __be32 orig_daddr;
        __be32 orig_saddr;
        int orig_oif;

        res.tclassid    = 0;
        res.fi          = NULL;
        res.table       = NULL;

        orig_daddr = fl4->daddr;
        orig_saddr = fl4->saddr;
        orig_oif = fl4->flowi4_oif;

        fl4->flowi4_iif = net->loopback_dev->ifindex;
        fl4->flowi4_tos = tos & IPTOS_RT_MASK;
        fl4->flowi4_scope = ((tos & RTO_ONLINK) ?
                         RT_SCOPE_LINK : RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE);

        rcu_read_lock();
        if (fl4->saddr) {
                rth = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
                if (ipv4_is_multicast(fl4->saddr) ||
                    ipv4_is_lbcast(fl4->saddr) ||
                    ipv4_is_zeronet(fl4->saddr))
                        goto out;

                /* I removed check for oif == dev_out->oif here.
                   It was wrong for two reasons:
                   1. ip_dev_find(net, saddr) can return wrong iface, if saddr
                      is assigned to multiple interfaces.
                   2. Moreover, we are allowed to send packets with saddr
                      of another iface. --ANK
                 */

                if (fl4->flowi4_oif == 0 &&
                    (ipv4_is_multicast(fl4->daddr) ||
                     ipv4_is_lbcast(fl4->daddr))) {
                        /* It is equivalent to inet_addr_type(saddr) == RTN_LOCAL */
                        dev_out = __ip_dev_find(net, fl4->saddr, false);
                        if (dev_out == NULL)
                                goto out;

                        /* Special hack: user can direct multicasts
                           and limited broadcast via necessary interface
                           without fiddling with IP_MULTICAST_IF or IP_PKTINFO.
                           This hack is not just for fun, it allows
                           vic,vat and friends to work.
                           They bind socket to loopback, set ttl to zero
                           and expect that it will work.
                           From the viewpoint of routing cache they are broken,
                           because we are not allowed to build multicast path
                           with loopback source addr (look, routing cache
                           cannot know, that ttl is zero, so that packet
                           will not leave this host and route is valid).
                           Luckily, this hack is good workaround.
                         */

                        fl4->flowi4_oif = dev_out->ifindex;
                        goto make_route;
                }

                if (!(fl4->flowi4_flags & FLOWI_FLAG_ANYSRC)) {
                        /* It is equivalent to inet_addr_type(saddr) == RTN_LOCAL */
                        if (!__ip_dev_find(net, fl4->saddr, false))
                                goto out;
                }
        }


        if (fl4->flowi4_oif) {
                dev_out = dev_get_by_index_rcu(net, fl4->flowi4_oif);
                rth = ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
                if (dev_out == NULL)
                        goto out;

                /* RACE: Check return value of inet_select_addr instead. */
                if (!(dev_out->flags & IFF_UP) || !__in_dev_get_rcu(dev_out)) {
                        rth = ERR_PTR(-ENETUNREACH);
                        goto out;
                }
                if (ipv4_is_local_multicast(fl4->daddr) ||
                    ipv4_is_lbcast(fl4->daddr)) {
                        if (!fl4->saddr)
                                fl4->saddr = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
                                                              RT_SCOPE_LINK);
                        goto make_route;
                }
                if (fl4->saddr) {
                        if (ipv4_is_multicast(fl4->daddr))
                                fl4->saddr = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
                                                              fl4->flowi4_scope);
                        else if (!fl4->daddr)
                                fl4->saddr = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
                                                              RT_SCOPE_HOST);
                }
        }

        if (!fl4->daddr) {
                fl4->daddr = fl4->saddr;
                if (!fl4->daddr)
                        fl4->daddr = fl4->saddr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
                dev_out = net->loopback_dev;
                fl4->flowi4_oif = net->loopback_dev->ifindex;
                res.type = RTN_LOCAL;
                flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
                goto make_route;
        }

        if (fib_lookup(net, fl4, &res)) {
                res.fi = NULL;
                res.table = NULL;
                if (fl4->flowi4_oif) {
                        /* Apparently, routing tables are wrong. Assume,
                           that the destination is on link.

                           WHY? DW.
                           Because we are allowed to send to iface
                           even if it has NO routes and NO assigned
                           addresses. When oif is specified, routing
                           tables are looked up with only one purpose:
                           to catch if destination is gatewayed, rather than
                           direct. Moreover, if MSG_DONTROUTE is set,
                           we send packet, ignoring both routing tables
                           and ifaddr state. --ANK


                           We could make it even if oif is unknown,
                           likely IPv6, but we do not.
                         */

                        if (fl4->saddr == 0)
                                fl4->saddr = inet_select_addr(dev_out, 0,
                                                              RT_SCOPE_LINK);
                        res.type = RTN_UNICAST;
                        goto make_route;
                }
                rth = ERR_PTR(-ENETUNREACH);
                goto out;
        }

        if (res.type == RTN_LOCAL) {
                if (!fl4->saddr) {
                        if (res.fi->fib_prefsrc)
                                fl4->saddr = res.fi->fib_prefsrc;
                        else
                                fl4->saddr = fl4->daddr;
                }
                dev_out = net->loopback_dev;
                fl4->flowi4_oif = dev_out->ifindex;
                res.fi = NULL;
                flags |= RTCF_LOCAL;
                goto make_route;
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH
        if (res.fi->fib_nhs > 1 && fl4->flowi4_oif == 0)
                fib_select_multipath(&res);
        else
#endif
        if (!res.prefixlen &&
            res.table->tb_num_default > 1 &&
            res.type == RTN_UNICAST && !fl4->flowi4_oif)
                fib_select_default(&res);

        if (!fl4->saddr)
                fl4->saddr = FIB_RES_PREFSRC(net, res);

        dev_out = FIB_RES_DEV(res);
        fl4->flowi4_oif = dev_out->ifindex;


make_route:
        rth = __mkroute_output(&res, fl4, orig_daddr, orig_saddr, orig_oif,
                               tos, dev_out, flags);
        if (!IS_ERR(rth)) {
                unsigned int hash;

                hash = rt_hash(orig_daddr, orig_saddr, orig_oif,
                               rt_genid(dev_net(dev_out)));
                rth = rt_intern_hash(hash, rth, NULL, orig_oif);
        }

out:
        rcu_read_unlock();
        return rth;
}

struct rtable *__ip_route_output_key(struct net *net, struct flowi4 *flp4)
{
        struct rtable *rth;
        unsigned int hash;

        if (!rt_caching(net))
                goto slow_output;

        hash = rt_hash(flp4->daddr, flp4->saddr, flp4->flowi4_oif, rt_genid(net));

        rcu_read_lock_bh();
        for (rth = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[hash].chain); rth;
                rth = rcu_dereference_bh(rth->dst.rt_next)) {
                if (rth->rt_key_dst == flp4->daddr &&
                    rth->rt_key_src == flp4->saddr &&
                    rt_is_output_route(rth) &&
                    rth->rt_oif == flp4->flowi4_oif &&
                    rth->rt_mark == flp4->flowi4_mark &&
                    !((rth->rt_key_tos ^ flp4->flowi4_tos) &
                            (IPTOS_RT_MASK | RTO_ONLINK)) &&
                    net_eq(dev_net(rth->dst.dev), net) &&
                    !rt_is_expired(rth)) {
                        dst_use(&rth->dst, jiffies);
                        RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_hit);
                        rcu_read_unlock_bh();
                        if (!flp4->saddr)
                                flp4->saddr = rth->rt_src;
                        if (!flp4->daddr)
                                flp4->daddr = rth->rt_dst;
                        return rth;
                }
                RT_CACHE_STAT_INC(out_hlist_search);
        }
        rcu_read_unlock_bh();

slow_output:
        return ip_route_output_slow(net, flp4);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__ip_route_output_key);

static struct dst_entry *ipv4_blackhole_dst_check(struct dst_entry *dst, u32 cookie)
{
        return NULL;
}

static unsigned int ipv4_blackhole_mtu(const struct dst_entry *dst)
{
        unsigned int mtu = dst_metric_raw(dst, RTAX_MTU);

        return mtu ? : dst->dev->mtu;
}

static void ipv4_rt_blackhole_update_pmtu(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk,
                                          struct sk_buff *skb, u32 mtu)
{
}

static void ipv4_rt_blackhole_redirect(struct dst_entry *dst, struct sock *sk,
                                       struct sk_buff *skb)
{
}

static u32 *ipv4_rt_blackhole_cow_metrics(struct dst_entry *dst,
                                          unsigned long old)
{
        return NULL;
}

static struct dst_ops ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops = {
        .family                 =       AF_INET,
        .protocol               =       cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),
        .destroy                =       ipv4_dst_destroy,
        .check                  =       ipv4_blackhole_dst_check,
        .mtu                    =       ipv4_blackhole_mtu,
        .default_advmss         =       ipv4_default_advmss,
        .update_pmtu            =       ipv4_rt_blackhole_update_pmtu,
        .redirect               =       ipv4_rt_blackhole_redirect,
        .cow_metrics            =       ipv4_rt_blackhole_cow_metrics,
        .neigh_lookup           =       ipv4_neigh_lookup,
};

struct dst_entry *ipv4_blackhole_route(struct net *net, struct dst_entry *dst_orig)
{
        struct rtable *rt = dst_alloc(&ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops, NULL, 1, 0, 0);
        struct rtable *ort = (struct rtable *) dst_orig;

        if (rt) {
                struct dst_entry *new = &rt->dst;

                new->__use = 1;
                new->input = dst_discard;
                new->output = dst_discard;

                new->dev = ort->dst.dev;
                if (new->dev)
                        dev_hold(new->dev);

                rt->rt_key_dst = ort->rt_key_dst;
                rt->rt_key_src = ort->rt_key_src;
                rt->rt_key_tos = ort->rt_key_tos;
                rt->rt_route_iif = ort->rt_route_iif;
                rt->rt_iif = ort->rt_iif;
                rt->rt_oif = ort->rt_oif;
                rt->rt_mark = ort->rt_mark;
                rt->rt_pmtu = ort->rt_pmtu;

                rt->rt_genid = rt_genid(net);
                rt->rt_flags = ort->rt_flags;
                rt->rt_type = ort->rt_type;
                rt->rt_dst = ort->rt_dst;
                rt->rt_src = ort->rt_src;
                rt->rt_gateway = ort->rt_gateway;
                rt->fi = ort->fi;
                if (rt->fi)
                        atomic_inc(&rt->fi->fib_clntref);

                dst_free(new);
        }

        dst_release(dst_orig);

        return rt ? &rt->dst : ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
}

struct rtable *ip_route_output_flow(struct net *net, struct flowi4 *flp4,
                                    struct sock *sk)
{
        struct rtable *rt = __ip_route_output_key(net, flp4);

        if (IS_ERR(rt))
                return rt;

        if (flp4->flowi4_proto)
                rt = (struct rtable *) xfrm_lookup(net, &rt->dst,
                                                   flowi4_to_flowi(flp4),
                                                   sk, 0);

        return rt;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_route_output_flow);

static int rt_fill_info(struct net *net,
                        struct sk_buff *skb, u32 pid, u32 seq, int event,
                        int nowait, unsigned int flags)
{
        struct rtable *rt = skb_rtable(skb);
        struct rtmsg *r;
        struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
        unsigned long expires = 0;
        u32 error;

        nlh = nlmsg_put(skb, pid, seq, event, sizeof(*r), flags);
        if (nlh == NULL)
                return -EMSGSIZE;

        r = nlmsg_data(nlh);
        r->rtm_family    = AF_INET;
        r->rtm_dst_len  = 32;
        r->rtm_src_len  = 0;
        r->rtm_tos      = rt->rt_key_tos;
        r->rtm_table    = RT_TABLE_MAIN;
        if (nla_put_u32(skb, RTA_TABLE, RT_TABLE_MAIN))
                goto nla_put_failure;
        r->rtm_type     = rt->rt_type;
        r->rtm_scope    = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
        r->rtm_protocol = RTPROT_UNSPEC;
        r->rtm_flags    = (rt->rt_flags & ~0xFFFF) | RTM_F_CLONED;
        if (rt->rt_flags & RTCF_NOTIFY)
                r->rtm_flags |= RTM_F_NOTIFY;

        if (nla_put_be32(skb, RTA_DST, rt->rt_dst))
                goto nla_put_failure;
        if (rt->rt_key_src) {
                r->rtm_src_len = 32;
                if (nla_put_be32(skb, RTA_SRC, rt->rt_key_src))
                        goto nla_put_failure;
        }
        if (rt->dst.dev &&
            nla_put_u32(skb, RTA_OIF, rt->dst.dev->ifindex))
                goto nla_put_failure;
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        if (rt->dst.tclassid &&
            nla_put_u32(skb, RTA_FLOW, rt->dst.tclassid))
                goto nla_put_failure;
#endif
        if (!rt_is_input_route(rt) &&
            rt->rt_src != rt->rt_key_src) {
                if (nla_put_be32(skb, RTA_PREFSRC, rt->rt_src))
                        goto nla_put_failure;
        }
        if (rt->rt_dst != rt->rt_gateway &&
            nla_put_be32(skb, RTA_GATEWAY, rt->rt_gateway))
                goto nla_put_failure;

        if (rtnetlink_put_metrics(skb, dst_metrics_ptr(&rt->dst)) < 0)
                goto nla_put_failure;

        if (rt->rt_mark &&
            nla_put_be32(skb, RTA_MARK, rt->rt_mark))
                goto nla_put_failure;

        error = rt->dst.error;
        expires = rt->dst.expires;
        if (expires) {
                if (time_before(jiffies, expires))
                        expires -= jiffies;
                else
                        expires = 0;
        }

        if (rt_is_input_route(rt)) {
#ifdef CONFIG_IP_MROUTE
                __be32 dst = rt->rt_dst;

                if (ipv4_is_multicast(dst) && !ipv4_is_local_multicast(dst) &&
                    IPV4_DEVCONF_ALL(net, MC_FORWARDING)) {
                        int err = ipmr_get_route(net, skb,
                                                 rt->rt_src, rt->rt_dst,
                                                 r, nowait);
                        if (err <= 0) {
                                if (!nowait) {
                                        if (err == 0)
                                                return 0;
                                        goto nla_put_failure;
                                } else {
                                        if (err == -EMSGSIZE)
                                                goto nla_put_failure;
                                        error = err;
                                }
                        }
                } else
#endif
                        if (nla_put_u32(skb, RTA_IIF, rt->rt_iif))
                                goto nla_put_failure;
        }

        if (rtnl_put_cacheinfo(skb, &rt->dst, 0, expires, error) < 0)
                goto nla_put_failure;

        return nlmsg_end(skb, nlh);

nla_put_failure:
        nlmsg_cancel(skb, nlh);
        return -EMSGSIZE;
}

static int inet_rtm_getroute(struct sk_buff *in_skb, struct nlmsghdr *nlh, void *arg)
{
        struct net *net = sock_net(in_skb->sk);
        struct rtmsg *rtm;
        struct nlattr *tb[RTA_MAX+1];
        struct rtable *rt = NULL;
        __be32 dst = 0;
        __be32 src = 0;
        u32 iif;
        int err;
        int mark;
        struct sk_buff *skb;

        err = nlmsg_parse(nlh, sizeof(*rtm), tb, RTA_MAX, rtm_ipv4_policy);
        if (err < 0)
                goto errout;

        rtm = nlmsg_data(nlh);

        skb = alloc_skb(NLMSG_GOODSIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (skb == NULL) {
                err = -ENOBUFS;
                goto errout;
        }

        /* Reserve room for dummy headers, this skb can pass
           through good chunk of routing engine.
         */
        skb_reset_mac_header(skb);
        skb_reset_network_header(skb);

        /* Bugfix: need to give ip_route_input enough of an IP header to not gag. */
        ip_hdr(skb)->protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;
        skb_reserve(skb, MAX_HEADER + sizeof(struct iphdr));

        src = tb[RTA_SRC] ? nla_get_be32(tb[RTA_SRC]) : 0;
        dst = tb[RTA_DST] ? nla_get_be32(tb[RTA_DST]) : 0;
        iif = tb[RTA_IIF] ? nla_get_u32(tb[RTA_IIF]) : 0;
        mark = tb[RTA_MARK] ? nla_get_u32(tb[RTA_MARK]) : 0;

        if (iif) {
                struct net_device *dev;

                dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, iif);
                if (dev == NULL) {
                        err = -ENODEV;
                        goto errout_free;
                }

                skb->protocol   = htons(ETH_P_IP);
                skb->dev        = dev;
                skb->mark       = mark;
                local_bh_disable();
                err = ip_route_input(skb, dst, src, rtm->rtm_tos, dev);
                local_bh_enable();

                rt = skb_rtable(skb);
                if (err == 0 && rt->dst.error)
                        err = -rt->dst.error;
        } else {
                struct flowi4 fl4 = {
                        .daddr = dst,
                        .saddr = src,
                        .flowi4_tos = rtm->rtm_tos,
                        .flowi4_oif = tb[RTA_OIF] ? nla_get_u32(tb[RTA_OIF]) : 0,
                        .flowi4_mark = mark,
                };
                rt = ip_route_output_key(net, &fl4);

                err = 0;
                if (IS_ERR(rt))
                        err = PTR_ERR(rt);
        }

        if (err)
                goto errout_free;

        skb_dst_set(skb, &rt->dst);
        if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTM_F_NOTIFY)
                rt->rt_flags |= RTCF_NOTIFY;

        err = rt_fill_info(net, skb, NETLINK_CB(in_skb).pid, nlh->nlmsg_seq,
                           RTM_NEWROUTE, 0, 0);
        if (err <= 0)
                goto errout_free;

        err = rtnl_unicast(skb, net, NETLINK_CB(in_skb).pid);
errout:
        return err;

errout_free:
        kfree_skb(skb);
        goto errout;
}

int ip_rt_dump(struct sk_buff *skb,  struct netlink_callback *cb)
{
        struct rtable *rt;
        int h, s_h;
        int idx, s_idx;
        struct net *net;

        net = sock_net(skb->sk);

        s_h = cb->args[0];
        if (s_h < 0)
                s_h = 0;
        s_idx = idx = cb->args[1];
        for (h = s_h; h <= rt_hash_mask; h++, s_idx = 0) {
                if (!rt_hash_table[h].chain)
                        continue;
                rcu_read_lock_bh();
                for (rt = rcu_dereference_bh(rt_hash_table[h].chain), idx = 0; rt;
                     rt = rcu_dereference_bh(rt->dst.rt_next), idx++) {
                        if (!net_eq(dev_net(rt->dst.dev), net) || idx < s_idx)
                                continue;
                        if (rt_is_expired(rt))
                                continue;
                        skb_dst_set_noref(skb, &rt->dst);
                        if (rt_fill_info(net, skb, NETLINK_CB(cb->skb).pid,
                                         cb->nlh->nlmsg_seq, RTM_NEWROUTE,
                                         1, NLM_F_MULTI) <= 0) {
                                skb_dst_drop(skb);
                                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
                                goto done;
                        }
                        skb_dst_drop(skb);
                }
                rcu_read_unlock_bh();
        }

done:
        cb->args[0] = h;
        cb->args[1] = idx;
        return skb->len;
}

void ip_rt_multicast_event(struct in_device *in_dev)
{
        rt_cache_flush(dev_net(in_dev->dev), 0);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
static int ipv4_sysctl_rtcache_flush(ctl_table *__ctl, int write,
                                        void __user *buffer,
                                        size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
        if (write) {
                int flush_delay;
                ctl_table ctl;
                struct net *net;

                memcpy(&ctl, __ctl, sizeof(ctl));
                ctl.data = &flush_delay;
                proc_dointvec(&ctl, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);

                net = (struct net *)__ctl->extra1;
                rt_cache_flush(net, flush_delay);
                return 0;
        }

        return -EINVAL;
}

static ctl_table ipv4_route_table[] = {
        {
                .procname       = "gc_thresh",
                .data           = &ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "max_size",
                .data           = &ip_rt_max_size,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                /*  Deprecated. Use gc_min_interval_ms */

                .procname       = "gc_min_interval",
                .data           = &ip_rt_gc_min_interval,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_jiffies,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "gc_min_interval_ms",
                .data           = &ip_rt_gc_min_interval,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_ms_jiffies,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "gc_timeout",
                .data           = &ip_rt_gc_timeout,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_jiffies,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "gc_interval",
                .data           = &ip_rt_gc_interval,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_jiffies,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "redirect_load",
                .data           = &ip_rt_redirect_load,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "redirect_number",
                .data           = &ip_rt_redirect_number,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "redirect_silence",
                .data           = &ip_rt_redirect_silence,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "error_cost",
                .data           = &ip_rt_error_cost,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "error_burst",
                .data           = &ip_rt_error_burst,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "gc_elasticity",
                .data           = &ip_rt_gc_elasticity,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "mtu_expires",
                .data           = &ip_rt_mtu_expires,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_jiffies,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "min_pmtu",
                .data           = &ip_rt_min_pmtu,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        {
                .procname       = "min_adv_mss",
                .data           = &ip_rt_min_advmss,
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0644,
                .proc_handler   = proc_dointvec,
        },
        { }
};

static struct ctl_table ipv4_route_flush_table[] = {
        {
                .procname       = "flush",
                .maxlen         = sizeof(int),
                .mode           = 0200,
                .proc_handler   = ipv4_sysctl_rtcache_flush,
        },
        { },
};

static __net_init int sysctl_route_net_init(struct net *net)
{
        struct ctl_table *tbl;

        tbl = ipv4_route_flush_table;
        if (!net_eq(net, &init_net)) {
                tbl = kmemdup(tbl, sizeof(ipv4_route_flush_table), GFP_KERNEL);
                if (tbl == NULL)
                        goto err_dup;
        }
        tbl[0].extra1 = net;

        net->ipv4.route_hdr = register_net_sysctl(net, "net/ipv4/route", tbl);
        if (net->ipv4.route_hdr == NULL)
                goto err_reg;
        return 0;

err_reg:
        if (tbl != ipv4_route_flush_table)
                kfree(tbl);
err_dup:
        return -ENOMEM;
}

static __net_exit void sysctl_route_net_exit(struct net *net)
{
        struct ctl_table *tbl;

        tbl = net->ipv4.route_hdr->ctl_table_arg;
        unregister_net_sysctl_table(net->ipv4.route_hdr);
        BUG_ON(tbl == ipv4_route_flush_table);
        kfree(tbl);
}

static __net_initdata struct pernet_operations sysctl_route_ops = {
        .init = sysctl_route_net_init,
        .exit = sysctl_route_net_exit,
};
#endif

static __net_init int rt_genid_init(struct net *net)
{
        get_random_bytes(&net->ipv4.rt_genid,
                         sizeof(net->ipv4.rt_genid));
        get_random_bytes(&net->ipv4.dev_addr_genid,
                         sizeof(net->ipv4.dev_addr_genid));
        return 0;
}

static __net_initdata struct pernet_operations rt_genid_ops = {
        .init = rt_genid_init,
};

static int __net_init ipv4_inetpeer_init(struct net *net)
{
        struct inet_peer_base *bp = kmalloc(sizeof(*bp), GFP_KERNEL);

        if (!bp)
                return -ENOMEM;
        inet_peer_base_init(bp);
        net->ipv4.peers = bp;
        return 0;
}

static void __net_exit ipv4_inetpeer_exit(struct net *net)
{
        struct inet_peer_base *bp = net->ipv4.peers;

        net->ipv4.peers = NULL;
        inetpeer_invalidate_tree(bp);
        kfree(bp);
}

static __net_initdata struct pernet_operations ipv4_inetpeer_ops = {
        .init   =       ipv4_inetpeer_init,
        .exit   =       ipv4_inetpeer_exit,
};

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
struct ip_rt_acct __percpu *ip_rt_acct __read_mostly;
#endif /* CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID */

static __initdata unsigned long rhash_entries;
static int __init set_rhash_entries(char *str)
{
        ssize_t ret;

        if (!str)
                return 0;

        ret = kstrtoul(str, 0, &rhash_entries);
        if (ret)
                return 0;

        return 1;
}
__setup("rhash_entries=", set_rhash_entries);

int __init ip_rt_init(void)
{
        int rc = 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID
        ip_rt_acct = __alloc_percpu(256 * sizeof(struct ip_rt_acct), __alignof__(struct ip_rt_acct));
        if (!ip_rt_acct)
                panic("IP: failed to allocate ip_rt_acct\n");
#endif

        ipv4_dst_ops.kmem_cachep =
                kmem_cache_create("ip_dst_cache", sizeof(struct rtable), 0,
                                  SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL);

        ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops.kmem_cachep = ipv4_dst_ops.kmem_cachep;

        if (dst_entries_init(&ipv4_dst_ops) < 0)
                panic("IP: failed to allocate ipv4_dst_ops counter\n");

        if (dst_entries_init(&ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops) < 0)
                panic("IP: failed to allocate ipv4_dst_blackhole_ops counter\n");

        rt_hash_table = (struct rt_hash_bucket *)
                alloc_large_system_hash("IP route cache",
                                        sizeof(struct rt_hash_bucket),
                                        rhash_entries,
                                        (totalram_pages >= 128 * 1024) ?
                                        15 : 17,
                                        0,
                                        &rt_hash_log,
                                        &rt_hash_mask,
                                        0,
                                        rhash_entries ? 0 : 512 * 1024);
        memset(rt_hash_table, 0, (rt_hash_mask + 1) * sizeof(struct rt_hash_bucket));
        rt_hash_lock_init();

        ipv4_dst_ops.gc_thresh = (rt_hash_mask + 1);
        ip_rt_max_size = (rt_hash_mask + 1) * 16;

        devinet_init();
        ip_fib_init();

        INIT_DELAYED_WORK_DEFERRABLE(&expires_work, rt_worker_func);
        expires_ljiffies = jiffies;
        schedule_delayed_work(&expires_work,
                net_random() % ip_rt_gc_interval + ip_rt_gc_interval);

        if (ip_rt_proc_init())
                pr_err("Unable to create route proc files\n");
#ifdef CONFIG_XFRM
        xfrm_init();
        xfrm4_init(ip_rt_max_size);
#endif
        rtnl_register(PF_INET, RTM_GETROUTE, inet_rtm_getroute, NULL, NULL);

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
        register_pernet_subsys(&sysctl_route_ops);
#endif
        register_pernet_subsys(&rt_genid_ops);
        register_pernet_subsys(&ipv4_inetpeer_ops);
        return rc;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
/*
 * We really need to sanitize the damn ipv4 init order, then all
 * this nonsense will go away.
 */
void __init ip_static_sysctl_init(void)
{
        register_net_sysctl(&init_net, "net/ipv4/route", ipv4_route_table);
}
#endif