2 * QEMU disk image utility
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "qemu-version.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qapi-visit.h"
28 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
29 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
30 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
31 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
32 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
33 #include "qemu/option.h"
34 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
36 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
37 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
38 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
39 #include "block/block_int.h"
40 #include "block/blockjob.h"
41 #include "block/qapi.h"
42 #include "crypto/init.h"
43 #include "trace/control.h"
46 #define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION QEMU_PKGVERSION \
47 "\n" QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
49 typedef struct img_cmd_t
{
51 int (*handler
)(int argc
, char **argv
);
56 OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
= 257,
58 OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
= 259,
60 OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
= 261,
61 OPTION_NO_DRAIN
= 262,
64 typedef enum OutputFormat
{
69 /* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-img */
70 #define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
72 static void format_print(void *opaque
, const char *name
)
77 static void QEMU_NORETURN
GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt
, ...)
81 error_printf("qemu-img: ");
84 error_vprintf(fmt
, ap
);
87 error_printf("\nTry 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
91 /* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
92 static void QEMU_NORETURN
help(void)
94 const char *help_msg
=
96 "usage: qemu-img [standard options] command [command options]\n"
97 "QEMU disk image utility\n"
99 " '-h', '--help' display this help and exit\n"
100 " '-V', '--version' output version information and exit\n"
101 " '-T', '--trace' [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
102 " specify tracing options\n"
105 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
107 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
111 "Command parameters:\n"
112 " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
113 " 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
114 " manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
115 " object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
116 " encryption keys.\n"
117 " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
118 " 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
119 " options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
120 " 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
121 " 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
122 " options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
123 " 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
124 " 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
125 " 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
126 " supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
127 " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
128 " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
129 " 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
130 " name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
132 " 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
133 " is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
135 " 'snapshot_id_or_name' is deprecated, use 'snapshot_param'\n"
137 " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
138 " '-u' enables unsafe rebasing. It is assumed that old and new backing file\n"
139 " match exactly. The image doesn't need a working backing file before\n"
140 " rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the backing file)\n"
141 " '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
142 " '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
143 " '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
144 " '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
145 " contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
146 " conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
147 " unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
149 " '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
150 " '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
151 " prior to running qemu-img)\n"
153 "Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
154 " '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
155 " '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
156 " kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
157 " hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
159 "Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
160 " 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
161 " '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
162 " '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
163 " '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
164 " '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
166 "Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
167 " '-f' first image format\n"
168 " '-F' second image format\n"
169 " '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n"
171 "Parameters to dd subcommand:\n"
172 " 'bs=BYTES' read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time "
174 " 'count=N' copy only N input blocks\n"
175 " 'if=FILE' read from FILE\n"
176 " 'of=FILE' write to FILE\n"
177 " 'skip=N' skip N bs-sized blocks at the start of input\n";
179 printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg
);
180 bdrv_iterate_format(format_print
, NULL
);
185 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts
= {
187 .implied_opt_name
= "qom-type",
188 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts
.head
),
194 static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts
= {
196 .implied_opt_name
= "file",
197 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts
.head
),
203 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet
, const char *fmt
, ...)
209 ret
= vprintf(fmt
, args
);
216 static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename
, const char *fmt
)
218 BlockDriver
*drv
, *proto_drv
;
219 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
220 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
222 /* Find driver and parse its options */
223 drv
= bdrv_find_format(fmt
);
225 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt
);
229 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
231 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(filename
, true, &local_err
);
233 error_report_err(local_err
);
234 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
237 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
240 qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts
);
241 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
246 static int img_open_password(BlockBackend
*blk
, const char *filename
,
247 int flags
, bool quiet
)
249 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
253 if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs
) && bdrv_key_required(bs
) &&
254 !(flags
& BDRV_O_NO_IO
)) {
255 qprintf(quiet
, "Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename
);
256 if (qemu_read_password(password
, sizeof(password
)) < 0) {
257 error_report("No password given");
260 if (bdrv_set_key(bs
, password
) < 0) {
261 error_report("invalid password");
269 static BlockBackend
*img_open_opts(const char *optstr
,
270 QemuOpts
*opts
, int flags
, bool writethrough
,
274 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
276 options
= qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts
, NULL
);
277 blk
= blk_new_open(NULL
, NULL
, options
, flags
, &local_err
);
279 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Could not open '%s': ", optstr
);
282 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk
, !writethrough
);
284 if (img_open_password(blk
, optstr
, flags
, quiet
) < 0) {
291 static BlockBackend
*img_open_file(const char *filename
,
292 const char *fmt
, int flags
,
293 bool writethrough
, bool quiet
)
296 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
297 QDict
*options
= NULL
;
300 options
= qdict_new();
301 qdict_put(options
, "driver", qstring_from_str(fmt
));
304 blk
= blk_new_open(filename
, NULL
, options
, flags
, &local_err
);
306 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Could not open '%s': ", filename
);
309 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk
, !writethrough
);
311 if (img_open_password(blk
, filename
, flags
, quiet
) < 0) {
319 static BlockBackend
*img_open(bool image_opts
,
320 const char *filename
,
321 const char *fmt
, int flags
, bool writethrough
,
328 error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
331 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
336 blk
= img_open_opts(filename
, opts
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
338 blk
= img_open_file(filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
344 static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt
, QemuOpts
*opts
,
345 const char *base_filename
,
346 const char *base_fmt
)
351 qemu_opt_set(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE
, base_filename
, &err
);
353 error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
360 qemu_opt_set(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT
, base_fmt
, &err
);
362 error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
371 static int64_t cvtnum(const char *s
)
375 ret
= qemu_strtosz(s
, NULL
);
379 static int img_create(int argc
, char **argv
)
382 uint64_t img_size
= -1;
383 const char *fmt
= "raw";
384 const char *base_fmt
= NULL
;
385 const char *filename
;
386 const char *base_filename
= NULL
;
387 char *options
= NULL
;
388 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
392 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
393 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
394 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
397 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "F:b:f:he6o:q",
411 base_filename
= optarg
;
417 error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
418 "encryption\' instead!");
421 error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
422 "compat6\' instead!");
425 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg
)) {
426 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg
);
430 options
= g_strdup(optarg
);
432 char *old_options
= options
;
433 options
= g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options
, optarg
);
440 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
442 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
451 /* Get the filename */
452 filename
= (optind
< argc
) ? argv
[optind
] : NULL
;
453 if (options
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
455 return print_block_option_help(filename
, fmt
);
458 if (optind
>= argc
) {
459 error_exit("Expecting image file name");
463 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
464 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
469 /* Get image size, if specified */
473 sval
= cvtnum(argv
[optind
++]);
475 if (sval
== -ERANGE
) {
476 error_report("Image size must be less than 8 EiB!");
478 error_report("Invalid image size specified! You may use k, M, "
479 "G, T, P or E suffixes for ");
480 error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
481 "petabytes and exabytes.");
485 img_size
= (uint64_t)sval
;
487 if (optind
!= argc
) {
488 error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv
[optind
]);
491 bdrv_img_create(filename
, fmt
, base_filename
, base_fmt
,
492 options
, img_size
, 0, &local_err
, quiet
);
494 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "%s: ", filename
);
506 static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck
*check
, bool quiet
)
510 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
512 visit_type_ImageCheck(v
, NULL
, &check
, &error_abort
);
513 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
514 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
516 qprintf(quiet
, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
522 static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck
*check
, bool quiet
)
524 if (!(check
->corruptions
|| check
->leaks
|| check
->check_errors
)) {
525 qprintf(quiet
, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
527 if (check
->corruptions
) {
528 qprintf(quiet
, "\n%" PRId64
" errors were found on the image.\n"
529 "Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
536 "\n%" PRId64
" leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
537 "This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
541 if (check
->check_errors
) {
544 " internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
545 check
->check_errors
);
549 if (check
->total_clusters
!= 0 && check
->allocated_clusters
!= 0) {
550 qprintf(quiet
, "%" PRId64
"/%" PRId64
" = %0.2f%% allocated, "
551 "%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
552 check
->allocated_clusters
, check
->total_clusters
,
553 check
->allocated_clusters
* 100.0 / check
->total_clusters
,
554 check
->fragmented_clusters
* 100.0 / check
->allocated_clusters
,
555 check
->compressed_clusters
* 100.0 /
556 check
->allocated_clusters
);
559 if (check
->image_end_offset
) {
561 "Image end offset: %" PRId64
"\n", check
->image_end_offset
);
565 static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState
*bs
,
567 const char *filename
,
572 BdrvCheckResult result
;
574 ret
= bdrv_check(bs
, &result
, fix
);
579 check
->filename
= g_strdup(filename
);
580 check
->format
= g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs
));
581 check
->check_errors
= result
.check_errors
;
582 check
->corruptions
= result
.corruptions
;
583 check
->has_corruptions
= result
.corruptions
!= 0;
584 check
->leaks
= result
.leaks
;
585 check
->has_leaks
= result
.leaks
!= 0;
586 check
->corruptions_fixed
= result
.corruptions_fixed
;
587 check
->has_corruptions_fixed
= result
.corruptions
!= 0;
588 check
->leaks_fixed
= result
.leaks_fixed
;
589 check
->has_leaks_fixed
= result
.leaks
!= 0;
590 check
->image_end_offset
= result
.image_end_offset
;
591 check
->has_image_end_offset
= result
.image_end_offset
!= 0;
592 check
->total_clusters
= result
.bfi
.total_clusters
;
593 check
->has_total_clusters
= result
.bfi
.total_clusters
!= 0;
594 check
->allocated_clusters
= result
.bfi
.allocated_clusters
;
595 check
->has_allocated_clusters
= result
.bfi
.allocated_clusters
!= 0;
596 check
->fragmented_clusters
= result
.bfi
.fragmented_clusters
;
597 check
->has_fragmented_clusters
= result
.bfi
.fragmented_clusters
!= 0;
598 check
->compressed_clusters
= result
.bfi
.compressed_clusters
;
599 check
->has_compressed_clusters
= result
.bfi
.compressed_clusters
!= 0;
605 * Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
607 * 0 - Check completed, image is good
608 * 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
609 * 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
610 * 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
611 * 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
613 static int img_check(int argc
, char **argv
)
616 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
617 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
, *cache
;
619 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
621 int flags
= BDRV_O_CHECK
;
625 bool image_opts
= false;
629 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
632 int option_index
= 0;
633 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
634 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
635 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
636 {"repair", required_argument
, 0, 'r'},
637 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
638 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
639 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
642 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:r:T:q",
643 long_options
, &option_index
);
656 flags
|= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
658 if (!strcmp(optarg
, "leaks")) {
659 fix
= BDRV_FIX_LEAKS
;
660 } else if (!strcmp(optarg
, "all")) {
661 fix
= BDRV_FIX_LEAKS
| BDRV_FIX_ERRORS
;
663 error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
664 "(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg
);
676 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
678 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
684 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
689 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
690 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
692 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
694 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
695 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
696 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
697 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
699 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
703 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
704 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
709 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
711 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache
);
715 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
721 check
= g_new0(ImageCheck
, 1);
722 ret
= collect_image_check(bs
, check
, filename
, fmt
, fix
);
724 if (ret
== -ENOTSUP
) {
725 error_report("This image format does not support checks");
730 if (check
->corruptions_fixed
|| check
->leaks_fixed
) {
731 int corruptions_fixed
, leaks_fixed
;
733 leaks_fixed
= check
->leaks_fixed
;
734 corruptions_fixed
= check
->corruptions_fixed
;
736 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_HUMAN
) {
738 "The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
739 " %" PRId64
" leaked clusters\n"
740 " %" PRId64
" corruptions\n\n"
741 "Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
743 check
->corruptions_fixed
);
746 ret
= collect_image_check(bs
, check
, filename
, fmt
, 0);
748 check
->leaks_fixed
= leaks_fixed
;
749 check
->corruptions_fixed
= corruptions_fixed
;
753 switch (output_format
) {
755 dump_human_image_check(check
, quiet
);
758 dump_json_image_check(check
, quiet
);
763 if (ret
|| check
->check_errors
) {
765 error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret
));
767 error_report("Check failed");
773 if (check
->corruptions
) {
775 } else if (check
->leaks
) {
782 qapi_free_ImageCheck(check
);
787 typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo
{
788 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
790 } CommonBlockJobCBInfo
;
792 static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
794 CommonBlockJobCBInfo
*cbi
= opaque
;
797 error_setg_errno(cbi
->errp
, -ret
, "Block job failed");
801 static void run_block_job(BlockJob
*job
, Error
**errp
)
803 AioContext
*aio_context
= blk_get_aio_context(job
->blk
);
805 aio_context_acquire(aio_context
);
807 aio_poll(aio_context
, true);
808 qemu_progress_print(job
->len
?
809 ((float)job
->offset
/ job
->len
* 100.f
) : 0.0f
, 0);
810 } while (!job
->ready
);
812 block_job_complete_sync(job
, errp
);
813 aio_context_release(aio_context
);
815 /* A block job may finish instantaneously without publishing any progress,
816 * so just signal completion here */
817 qemu_progress_print(100.f
, 0);
820 static int img_commit(int argc
, char **argv
)
823 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *cache
, *base
;
825 BlockDriverState
*bs
, *base_bs
;
826 bool progress
= false, quiet
= false, drop
= false;
828 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
829 CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi
;
830 bool image_opts
= false;
831 AioContext
*aio_context
;
834 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
837 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
838 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
839 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
840 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
843 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "f:ht:b:dpq",
873 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
875 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
881 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
887 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
892 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
893 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
895 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
897 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
898 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
903 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
| BDRV_O_UNMAP
;
904 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
906 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
910 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
916 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.f
);
917 qemu_progress_print(0.f
, 100);
920 base_bs
= bdrv_find_backing_image(bs
, base
);
922 error_setg(&local_err
,
923 "Did not find '%s' in the backing chain of '%s'",
928 /* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
929 * the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
930 * behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
931 base_bs
= backing_bs(bs
);
933 error_setg(&local_err
, "Image does not have a backing file");
938 cbi
= (CommonBlockJobCBInfo
){
943 aio_context
= bdrv_get_aio_context(bs
);
944 aio_context_acquire(aio_context
);
945 commit_active_start("commit", bs
, base_bs
, BLOCK_JOB_DEFAULT
, 0,
946 BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT
, common_block_job_cb
, &cbi
,
948 aio_context_release(aio_context
);
953 /* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
954 * the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
955 * deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
956 * counter here preemptively. */
961 run_block_job(bs
->job
, &local_err
);
966 if (!drop
&& bs
->drv
->bdrv_make_empty
) {
967 ret
= bs
->drv
->bdrv_make_empty(bs
);
969 error_setg_errno(&local_err
, -ret
, "Could not empty %s",
986 error_report_err(local_err
);
990 qprintf(quiet
, "Image committed.\n");
995 * Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
998 * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
999 * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
1001 static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf
, int n
, int *pnum
)
1010 is_zero
= buffer_is_zero(buf
, 512);
1011 for(i
= 1; i
< n
; i
++) {
1013 if (is_zero
!= buffer_is_zero(buf
, 512)) {
1022 * Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
1023 * up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
1024 * breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
1026 static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf
, int n
, int *pnum
,
1030 int num_checked
, num_used
;
1036 ret
= is_allocated_sectors(buf
, n
, pnum
);
1042 buf
+= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
* *pnum
;
1044 num_checked
= num_used
;
1047 ret
= is_allocated_sectors(buf
, n
, pnum
);
1049 buf
+= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
* *pnum
;
1051 num_checked
+= *pnum
;
1053 num_used
= num_checked
;
1054 } else if (*pnum
>= min
) {
1064 * Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first sector of both
1065 * buffers matches, non-zero otherwise.
1067 * pnum is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
1068 * the first one) that are known to have the same comparison result
1070 static int compare_sectors(const uint8_t *buf1
, const uint8_t *buf2
, int n
,
1081 res
= !!memcmp(buf1
, buf2
, 512);
1082 for(i
= 1; i
< n
; i
++) {
1086 if (!!memcmp(buf1
, buf2
, 512) != res
) {
1095 #define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * 1024 * 1024)
1097 static int64_t sectors_to_bytes(int64_t sectors
)
1099 return sectors
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
;
1102 static int64_t sectors_to_process(int64_t total
, int64_t from
)
1104 return MIN(total
- from
, IO_BUF_SIZE
>> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1108 * Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
1110 * Returns 0 in case sectors are filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero
1111 * data and negative value on error.
1113 * @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
1114 * @param sect_num: Number of first sector to check
1115 * @param sect_count: Number of sectors to check
1116 * @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
1117 * @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
1118 * @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
1120 static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend
*blk
, int64_t sect_num
,
1121 int sect_count
, const char *filename
,
1122 uint8_t *buffer
, bool quiet
)
1125 ret
= blk_pread(blk
, sect_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, buffer
,
1126 sect_count
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1128 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s",
1129 sectors_to_bytes(sect_num
), filename
, strerror(-ret
));
1132 ret
= is_allocated_sectors(buffer
, sect_count
, &pnum
);
1133 if (ret
|| pnum
!= sect_count
) {
1134 qprintf(quiet
, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64
"!\n",
1135 sectors_to_bytes(ret
? sect_num
: sect_num
+ pnum
));
1143 * Compares two images. Exit codes:
1145 * 0 - Images are identical
1147 * >1 - Error occurred
1149 static int img_compare(int argc
, char **argv
)
1151 const char *fmt1
= NULL
, *fmt2
= NULL
, *cache
, *filename1
, *filename2
;
1152 BlockBackend
*blk1
, *blk2
;
1153 BlockDriverState
*bs1
, *bs2
;
1154 int64_t total_sectors1
, total_sectors2
;
1155 uint8_t *buf1
= NULL
, *buf2
= NULL
;
1157 int allocated1
, allocated2
;
1158 int ret
= 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
1159 bool progress
= false, quiet
= false, strict
= false;
1162 int64_t total_sectors
;
1163 int64_t sector_num
= 0;
1166 uint64_t progress_base
;
1167 bool image_opts
= false;
1169 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
1171 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
1172 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
1173 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
1174 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
1177 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:F:T:pqs",
1178 long_options
, NULL
);
1205 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
1207 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
1214 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
1220 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
1226 if (optind
!= argc
- 2) {
1227 error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
1229 filename1
= argv
[optind
++];
1230 filename2
= argv
[optind
++];
1232 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
1233 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
1239 /* Initialize before goto out */
1240 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 2.0);
1243 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
1245 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache
);
1250 blk1
= img_open(image_opts
, filename1
, fmt1
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
1256 blk2
= img_open(image_opts
, filename2
, fmt2
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
1264 buf1
= blk_blockalign(blk1
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1265 buf2
= blk_blockalign(blk2
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1266 total_sectors1
= blk_nb_sectors(blk1
);
1267 if (total_sectors1
< 0) {
1268 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1269 filename1
, strerror(-total_sectors1
));
1273 total_sectors2
= blk_nb_sectors(blk2
);
1274 if (total_sectors2
< 0) {
1275 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1276 filename2
, strerror(-total_sectors2
));
1280 total_sectors
= MIN(total_sectors1
, total_sectors2
);
1281 progress_base
= MAX(total_sectors1
, total_sectors2
);
1283 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1285 if (strict
&& total_sectors1
!= total_sectors2
) {
1287 qprintf(quiet
, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
1292 int64_t status1
, status2
;
1293 BlockDriverState
*file
;
1295 nb_sectors
= sectors_to_process(total_sectors
, sector_num
);
1296 if (nb_sectors
<= 0) {
1299 status1
= bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs1
, NULL
, sector_num
,
1300 total_sectors1
- sector_num
,
1304 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1
);
1307 allocated1
= status1
& BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED
;
1309 status2
= bdrv_get_block_status_above(bs2
, NULL
, sector_num
,
1310 total_sectors2
- sector_num
,
1314 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2
);
1317 allocated2
= status2
& BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED
;
1319 nb_sectors
= MIN(nb_sectors
, pnum1
);
1322 nb_sectors
= MIN(nb_sectors
, pnum2
);
1326 if ((status1
& ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK
) !=
1327 (status2
& ~BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK
)) {
1329 qprintf(quiet
, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
1330 " block status mismatch!\n",
1331 sectors_to_bytes(sector_num
));
1335 if ((status1
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
) && (status2
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
)) {
1336 nb_sectors
= MIN(pnum1
, pnum2
);
1337 } else if (allocated1
== allocated2
) {
1339 ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, buf1
,
1340 nb_sectors
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1342 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s:"
1343 " %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num
), filename1
,
1348 ret
= blk_pread(blk2
, sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, buf2
,
1349 nb_sectors
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1351 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1352 " of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num
),
1353 filename2
, strerror(-ret
));
1357 ret
= compare_sectors(buf1
, buf2
, nb_sectors
, &pnum
);
1358 if (ret
|| pnum
!= nb_sectors
) {
1359 qprintf(quiet
, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64
"!\n",
1361 ret
? sector_num
: sector_num
+ pnum
));
1369 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk1
, sector_num
, nb_sectors
,
1370 filename1
, buf1
, quiet
);
1372 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk2
, sector_num
, nb_sectors
,
1373 filename2
, buf1
, quiet
);
1377 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
": %s",
1378 sectors_to_bytes(sector_num
), strerror(-ret
));
1384 sector_num
+= nb_sectors
;
1385 qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors
/ progress_base
)*100, 100);
1388 if (total_sectors1
!= total_sectors2
) {
1389 BlockBackend
*blk_over
;
1390 int64_t total_sectors_over
;
1391 const char *filename_over
;
1393 qprintf(quiet
, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
1394 if (total_sectors1
> total_sectors2
) {
1395 total_sectors_over
= total_sectors1
;
1397 filename_over
= filename1
;
1399 total_sectors_over
= total_sectors2
;
1401 filename_over
= filename2
;
1405 nb_sectors
= sectors_to_process(total_sectors_over
, sector_num
);
1406 if (nb_sectors
<= 0) {
1409 ret
= bdrv_is_allocated_above(blk_bs(blk_over
), NULL
, sector_num
,
1413 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
1420 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk_over
, sector_num
, nb_sectors
,
1421 filename_over
, buf1
, quiet
);
1424 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1425 " of %s: %s", sectors_to_bytes(sector_num
),
1426 filename_over
, strerror(-ret
));
1432 sector_num
+= nb_sectors
;
1433 qemu_progress_print(((float) nb_sectors
/ progress_base
)*100, 100);
1437 qprintf(quiet
, "Images are identical.\n");
1447 qemu_progress_end();
1452 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus
{
1458 typedef struct ImgConvertState
{
1460 int64_t *src_sectors
;
1461 int src_cur
, src_num
;
1462 int64_t src_cur_offset
;
1463 int64_t total_sectors
;
1464 int64_t allocated_sectors
;
1465 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status
;
1466 int64_t sector_next_status
;
1467 BlockBackend
*target
;
1470 bool target_has_backing
;
1472 size_t cluster_sectors
;
1476 static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
)
1478 assert(sector_num
>= s
->src_cur_offset
);
1479 while (sector_num
- s
->src_cur_offset
>= s
->src_sectors
[s
->src_cur
]) {
1480 s
->src_cur_offset
+= s
->src_sectors
[s
->src_cur
];
1482 assert(s
->src_cur
< s
->src_num
);
1486 static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
)
1491 convert_select_part(s
, sector_num
);
1493 assert(s
->total_sectors
> sector_num
);
1494 n
= MIN(s
->total_sectors
- sector_num
, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS
);
1496 if (s
->sector_next_status
<= sector_num
) {
1497 BlockDriverState
*file
;
1498 ret
= bdrv_get_block_status(blk_bs(s
->src
[s
->src_cur
]),
1499 sector_num
- s
->src_cur_offset
,
1505 if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
) {
1506 s
->status
= BLK_ZERO
;
1507 } else if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
) {
1508 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1509 } else if (!s
->target_has_backing
) {
1510 /* Without a target backing file we must copy over the contents of
1511 * the backing file as well. */
1512 /* Check block status of the backing file chain to avoid
1513 * needlessly reading zeroes and limiting the iteration to the
1515 ret
= bdrv_get_block_status_above(blk_bs(s
->src
[s
->src_cur
]), NULL
,
1516 sector_num
- s
->src_cur_offset
,
1522 if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
) {
1523 s
->status
= BLK_ZERO
;
1525 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1528 s
->status
= BLK_BACKING_FILE
;
1531 s
->sector_next_status
= sector_num
+ n
;
1534 n
= MIN(n
, s
->sector_next_status
- sector_num
);
1535 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
) {
1536 n
= MIN(n
, s
->buf_sectors
);
1539 /* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
1540 * unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
1541 * cluster allocated. */
1542 if (s
->compressed
) {
1543 if (n
< s
->cluster_sectors
) {
1544 n
= MIN(s
->cluster_sectors
, s
->total_sectors
- sector_num
);
1545 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1547 n
= QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n
, s
->cluster_sectors
);
1554 static int convert_read(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
, int nb_sectors
,
1560 assert(nb_sectors
<= s
->buf_sectors
);
1561 while (nb_sectors
> 0) {
1565 /* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
1566 * nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
1567 * read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
1568 convert_select_part(s
, sector_num
);
1569 blk
= s
->src
[s
->src_cur
];
1570 bs_sectors
= s
->src_sectors
[s
->src_cur
];
1572 n
= MIN(nb_sectors
, bs_sectors
- (sector_num
- s
->src_cur_offset
));
1573 ret
= blk_pread(blk
,
1574 (sector_num
- s
->src_cur_offset
) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1575 buf
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1582 buf
+= n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1588 static int convert_write(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
, int nb_sectors
,
1593 while (nb_sectors
> 0) {
1596 switch (s
->status
) {
1597 case BLK_BACKING_FILE
:
1598 /* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
1599 * unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
1600 * visible at the respective offset. */
1601 assert(s
->target_has_backing
);
1605 /* We must always write compressed clusters as a whole, so don't
1606 * try to find zeroed parts in the buffer. We can only save the
1607 * write if the buffer is completely zeroed and we're allowed to
1608 * keep the target sparse. */
1609 if (s
->compressed
) {
1610 if (s
->has_zero_init
&& s
->min_sparse
&&
1611 buffer_is_zero(buf
, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
))
1613 assert(!s
->target_has_backing
);
1617 ret
= blk_pwrite_compressed(s
->target
,
1618 sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1619 buf
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1626 /* If there is real non-zero data or we're told to keep the target
1627 * fully allocated (-S 0), we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
1628 * it as zero sectors. */
1629 if (!s
->min_sparse
||
1630 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf
, n
, &n
, s
->min_sparse
))
1632 ret
= blk_pwrite(s
->target
, sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1633 buf
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, 0);
1642 if (s
->has_zero_init
) {
1645 ret
= blk_pwrite_zeroes(s
->target
, sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1646 n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, 0);
1655 buf
+= n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1661 static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState
*s
)
1663 uint8_t *buf
= NULL
;
1664 int64_t sector_num
, allocated_done
;
1668 /* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
1669 s
->has_zero_init
= s
->min_sparse
&& !s
->target_has_backing
1670 ? bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s
->target
))
1673 if (!s
->has_zero_init
&& !s
->target_has_backing
&&
1674 bdrv_can_write_zeroes_with_unmap(blk_bs(s
->target
)))
1676 ret
= blk_make_zero(s
->target
, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP
);
1678 s
->has_zero_init
= true;
1682 /* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
1683 * can be copied at a time. */
1684 if (s
->compressed
) {
1685 if (s
->cluster_sectors
<= 0 || s
->cluster_sectors
> s
->buf_sectors
) {
1686 error_report("invalid cluster size");
1690 s
->buf_sectors
= s
->cluster_sectors
;
1692 buf
= blk_blockalign(s
->target
, s
->buf_sectors
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1694 /* Calculate allocated sectors for progress */
1695 s
->allocated_sectors
= 0;
1697 while (sector_num
< s
->total_sectors
) {
1698 n
= convert_iteration_sectors(s
, sector_num
);
1703 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
|| (!s
->min_sparse
&& s
->status
== BLK_ZERO
))
1705 s
->allocated_sectors
+= n
;
1712 s
->src_cur_offset
= 0;
1713 s
->sector_next_status
= 0;
1718 while (sector_num
< s
->total_sectors
) {
1719 n
= convert_iteration_sectors(s
, sector_num
);
1724 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
|| (!s
->min_sparse
&& s
->status
== BLK_ZERO
))
1726 allocated_done
+= n
;
1727 qemu_progress_print(100.0 * allocated_done
/ s
->allocated_sectors
,
1731 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
) {
1732 ret
= convert_read(s
, sector_num
, n
, buf
);
1734 error_report("error while reading sector %" PRId64
1735 ": %s", sector_num
, strerror(-ret
));
1738 } else if (!s
->min_sparse
&& s
->status
== BLK_ZERO
) {
1739 n
= MIN(n
, s
->buf_sectors
);
1740 memset(buf
, 0, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1741 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1744 ret
= convert_write(s
, sector_num
, n
, buf
);
1746 error_report("error while writing sector %" PRId64
1747 ": %s", sector_num
, strerror(-ret
));
1754 if (s
->compressed
) {
1755 /* signal EOF to align */
1756 ret
= blk_pwrite_compressed(s
->target
, 0, NULL
, 0);
1768 static int img_convert(int argc
, char **argv
)
1770 int c
, bs_n
, bs_i
, compress
, cluster_sectors
, skip_create
;
1772 int progress
= 0, flags
, src_flags
;
1773 bool writethrough
, src_writethrough
;
1774 const char *fmt
, *out_fmt
, *cache
, *src_cache
, *out_baseimg
, *out_filename
;
1775 BlockDriver
*drv
, *proto_drv
;
1776 BlockBackend
**blk
= NULL
, *out_blk
= NULL
;
1777 BlockDriverState
**bs
= NULL
, *out_bs
= NULL
;
1778 int64_t total_sectors
;
1779 int64_t *bs_sectors
= NULL
;
1780 size_t bufsectors
= IO_BUF_SIZE
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1781 BlockDriverInfo bdi
;
1782 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
1783 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
1784 const char *out_baseimg_param
;
1785 char *options
= NULL
;
1786 const char *snapshot_name
= NULL
;
1787 int min_sparse
= 8; /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
1789 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
1790 QemuOpts
*sn_opts
= NULL
;
1791 ImgConvertState state
;
1792 bool image_opts
= false;
1797 src_cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
1802 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
1803 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
1804 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
1805 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
1808 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:O:B:ce6o:s:l:S:pt:T:qn",
1809 long_options
, NULL
);
1825 out_baseimg
= optarg
;
1831 error_report("option -e is deprecated, please use \'-o "
1832 "encryption\' instead!");
1836 error_report("option -6 is deprecated, please use \'-o "
1837 "compat6\' instead!");
1841 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg
)) {
1842 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg
);
1847 options
= g_strdup(optarg
);
1849 char *old_options
= options
;
1850 options
= g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options
, optarg
);
1851 g_free(old_options
);
1855 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
1858 if (strstart(optarg
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE
, NULL
)) {
1859 sn_opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts
,
1862 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
1868 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
1875 sval
= cvtnum(optarg
);
1877 error_report("Invalid minimum zero buffer size for sparse output specified");
1882 min_sparse
= sval
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1901 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
1907 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
1913 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
1914 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
1919 /* Initialize before goto out */
1923 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.0);
1925 bs_n
= argc
- optind
- 1;
1926 out_filename
= bs_n
>= 1 ? argv
[argc
- 1] : NULL
;
1928 if (options
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
1929 ret
= print_block_option_help(out_filename
, out_fmt
);
1934 error_exit("Must specify image file name");
1938 if (bs_n
> 1 && out_baseimg
) {
1939 error_report("-B makes no sense when concatenating multiple input "
1946 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache
, &src_flags
, &src_writethrough
);
1948 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache
);
1952 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1954 blk
= g_new0(BlockBackend
*, bs_n
);
1955 bs
= g_new0(BlockDriverState
*, bs_n
);
1956 bs_sectors
= g_new(int64_t, bs_n
);
1959 for (bs_i
= 0; bs_i
< bs_n
; bs_i
++) {
1960 blk
[bs_i
] = img_open(image_opts
, argv
[optind
+ bs_i
],
1961 fmt
, src_flags
, src_writethrough
, quiet
);
1966 bs
[bs_i
] = blk_bs(blk
[bs_i
]);
1967 bs_sectors
[bs_i
] = blk_nb_sectors(blk
[bs_i
]);
1968 if (bs_sectors
[bs_i
] < 0) {
1969 error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
1970 argv
[optind
+ bs_i
], strerror(-bs_sectors
[bs_i
]));
1974 total_sectors
+= bs_sectors
[bs_i
];
1978 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(bs
[0],
1979 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID
),
1980 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME
),
1982 } else if (snapshot_name
!= NULL
) {
1984 error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
1989 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(bs
[0], snapshot_name
, &local_err
);
1992 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
1997 /* Find driver and parse its options */
1998 drv
= bdrv_find_format(out_fmt
);
2000 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt
);
2005 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename
, true, &local_err
);
2007 error_report_err(local_err
);
2013 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
2014 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2020 if (!proto_drv
->create_opts
) {
2021 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2022 proto_drv
->format_name
);
2027 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
2028 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
2030 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
2032 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &local_err
);
2034 error_report_err(local_err
);
2040 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, total_sectors
* 512,
2042 ret
= add_old_style_options(out_fmt
, opts
, out_baseimg
, NULL
);
2048 /* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
2049 out_baseimg_param
= qemu_opt_get(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE
);
2050 if (out_baseimg_param
) {
2051 out_baseimg
= out_baseimg_param
;
2054 /* Check if compression is supported */
2057 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT
, false);
2058 const char *preallocation
=
2059 qemu_opt_get(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC
);
2061 if (!drv
->bdrv_co_pwritev_compressed
) {
2062 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2068 error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
2075 && strcmp(preallocation
, "off"))
2077 error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
2085 /* Create the new image */
2086 ret
= bdrv_create(drv
, out_filename
, opts
, &local_err
);
2088 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
2089 out_filename
, out_fmt
);
2094 flags
= min_sparse
? (BDRV_O_RDWR
| BDRV_O_UNMAP
) : BDRV_O_RDWR
;
2095 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
2097 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
2101 /* XXX we should allow --image-opts to trigger use of
2102 * img_open() here, but then we have trouble with
2103 * the bdrv_create() call which takes different params.
2104 * Not critical right now, so fix can wait...
2106 out_blk
= img_open_file(out_filename
, out_fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
2111 out_bs
= blk_bs(out_blk
);
2113 /* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer
2114 * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to 32768 (16MB)
2116 bufsectors
= MIN(32768,
2118 MAX(out_bs
->bl
.opt_transfer
>> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
2119 out_bs
->bl
.pdiscard_alignment
>>
2120 BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
)));
2123 int64_t output_sectors
= blk_nb_sectors(out_blk
);
2124 if (output_sectors
< 0) {
2125 error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
2126 strerror(-output_sectors
));
2129 } else if (output_sectors
< total_sectors
) {
2130 error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
2136 cluster_sectors
= 0;
2137 ret
= bdrv_get_info(out_bs
, &bdi
);
2140 error_report("could not get block driver info");
2144 compress
= compress
|| bdi
.needs_compressed_writes
;
2145 cluster_sectors
= bdi
.cluster_size
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
2148 state
= (ImgConvertState
) {
2150 .src_sectors
= bs_sectors
,
2152 .total_sectors
= total_sectors
,
2154 .compressed
= compress
,
2155 .target_has_backing
= (bool) out_baseimg
,
2156 .min_sparse
= min_sparse
,
2157 .cluster_sectors
= cluster_sectors
,
2158 .buf_sectors
= bufsectors
,
2160 ret
= convert_do_copy(&state
);
2164 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
2166 qemu_progress_end();
2167 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
2168 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
2169 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts
);
2173 for (bs_i
= 0; bs_i
< bs_n
; bs_i
++) {
2174 blk_unref(blk
[bs_i
]);
2189 static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState
*bs
)
2191 QEMUSnapshotInfo
*sn_tab
, *sn
;
2194 nb_sns
= bdrv_snapshot_list(bs
, &sn_tab
);
2197 printf("Snapshot list:\n");
2198 bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf
, stdout
, NULL
);
2200 for(i
= 0; i
< nb_sns
; i
++) {
2202 bdrv_snapshot_dump(fprintf
, stdout
, sn
);
2208 static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList
*list
)
2212 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
2214 visit_type_ImageInfoList(v
, NULL
, &list
, &error_abort
);
2215 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
2216 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
2217 assert(str
!= NULL
);
2218 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
2219 qobject_decref(obj
);
2224 static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo
*info
)
2228 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
2230 visit_type_ImageInfo(v
, NULL
, &info
, &error_abort
);
2231 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
2232 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
2233 assert(str
!= NULL
);
2234 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
2235 qobject_decref(obj
);
2240 static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList
*list
)
2242 ImageInfoList
*elem
;
2245 for (elem
= list
; elem
; elem
= elem
->next
) {
2251 bdrv_image_info_dump(fprintf
, stdout
, elem
->value
);
2255 static gboolean
str_equal_func(gconstpointer a
, gconstpointer b
)
2257 return strcmp(a
, b
) == 0;
2261 * Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
2263 * @filename: topmost image filename
2264 * @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
2265 * @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
2266 * false - only topmost image file
2268 * Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
2269 * image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
2272 static ImageInfoList
*collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts
,
2273 const char *filename
,
2277 ImageInfoList
*head
= NULL
;
2278 ImageInfoList
**last
= &head
;
2279 GHashTable
*filenames
;
2282 filenames
= g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash
, str_equal_func
, NULL
, NULL
);
2286 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
2288 ImageInfoList
*elem
;
2290 if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames
, filename
, NULL
, NULL
)) {
2291 error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
2295 g_hash_table_insert(filenames
, (gpointer
)filename
, NULL
);
2297 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
,
2298 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING
| BDRV_O_NO_IO
, false, false);
2304 bdrv_query_image_info(bs
, &info
, &err
);
2306 error_report_err(err
);
2311 elem
= g_new0(ImageInfoList
, 1);
2318 filename
= fmt
= NULL
;
2320 if (info
->has_full_backing_filename
) {
2321 filename
= info
->full_backing_filename
;
2322 } else if (info
->has_backing_filename
) {
2323 error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
2324 " but backing filename '%s' present",
2325 info
->backing_filename
);
2328 if (info
->has_backing_filename_format
) {
2329 fmt
= info
->backing_filename_format
;
2333 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames
);
2337 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head
);
2338 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames
);
2342 static int img_info(int argc
, char **argv
)
2345 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2347 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
;
2348 ImageInfoList
*list
;
2349 bool image_opts
= false;
2354 int option_index
= 0;
2355 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2356 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2357 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
2358 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
2359 {"backing-chain", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
},
2360 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2361 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2364 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "f:h",
2365 long_options
, &option_index
);
2380 case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
:
2383 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2385 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2391 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2396 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
2397 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2399 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
2401 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
2402 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
2403 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
2404 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2405 } else if (output
) {
2406 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2410 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2411 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2416 list
= collect_image_info_list(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, chain
);
2421 switch (output_format
) {
2423 dump_human_image_info_list(list
);
2427 dump_json_image_info_list(list
);
2429 dump_json_image_info(list
->value
);
2434 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list
);
2438 static void dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format
, MapEntry
*e
,
2441 switch (output_format
) {
2443 if (e
->data
&& !e
->has_offset
) {
2444 error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
2447 if (e
->data
&& !e
->zero
) {
2448 printf("%#-16"PRIx64
"%#-16"PRIx64
"%#-16"PRIx64
"%s\n",
2449 e
->start
, e
->length
,
2450 e
->has_offset
? e
->offset
: 0,
2451 e
->has_filename
? e
->filename
: "");
2453 /* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
2454 * Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
2456 if (next
&& (!next
->data
|| next
->zero
)) {
2462 printf("%s{ \"start\": %"PRId64
", \"length\": %"PRId64
","
2463 " \"depth\": %"PRId64
", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
2464 (e
->start
== 0 ? "[" : ",\n"),
2465 e
->start
, e
->length
, e
->depth
,
2466 e
->zero
? "true" : "false",
2467 e
->data
? "true" : "false");
2468 if (e
->has_offset
) {
2469 printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64
"", e
->offset
);
2480 static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState
*bs
, int64_t sector_num
,
2481 int nb_sectors
, MapEntry
*e
)
2485 BlockDriverState
*file
;
2488 /* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
2489 * clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
2495 ret
= bdrv_get_block_status(bs
, sector_num
, nb_sectors
, &nb_sectors
,
2501 if (ret
& (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
)) {
2504 bs
= backing_bs(bs
);
2513 has_offset
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID
);
2516 .start
= sector_num
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
,
2517 .length
= nb_sectors
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
,
2518 .data
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
),
2519 .zero
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
),
2520 .offset
= ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_MASK
,
2521 .has_offset
= has_offset
,
2523 .has_filename
= file
&& has_offset
,
2524 .filename
= file
&& has_offset
? file
->filename
: NULL
,
2530 static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry
*curr
, const MapEntry
*next
)
2532 if (curr
->length
== 0) {
2535 if (curr
->zero
!= next
->zero
||
2536 curr
->data
!= next
->data
||
2537 curr
->depth
!= next
->depth
||
2538 curr
->has_filename
!= next
->has_filename
||
2539 curr
->has_offset
!= next
->has_offset
) {
2542 if (curr
->has_filename
&& strcmp(curr
->filename
, next
->filename
)) {
2545 if (curr
->has_offset
&& curr
->offset
+ curr
->length
!= next
->offset
) {
2551 static int img_map(int argc
, char **argv
)
2554 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2556 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
2557 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
;
2559 MapEntry curr
= { .length
= 0 }, next
;
2561 bool image_opts
= false;
2566 int option_index
= 0;
2567 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2568 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2569 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
2570 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
2571 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2572 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2575 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "f:h",
2576 long_options
, &option_index
);
2591 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2593 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2599 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2604 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
2605 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2607 filename
= argv
[optind
];
2609 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
2610 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
2611 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
2612 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2613 } else if (output
) {
2614 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2618 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2619 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2624 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, 0, false, false);
2630 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_HUMAN
) {
2631 printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
2634 length
= blk_getlength(blk
);
2635 while (curr
.start
+ curr
.length
< length
) {
2636 int64_t nsectors_left
;
2640 sector_num
= (curr
.start
+ curr
.length
) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
;
2642 /* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
2643 nsectors_left
= DIV_ROUND_UP(length
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
) - sector_num
;
2644 n
= MIN(1 << (30 - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
), nsectors_left
);
2645 ret
= get_block_status(bs
, sector_num
, n
, &next
);
2648 error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret
));
2652 if (entry_mergeable(&curr
, &next
)) {
2653 curr
.length
+= next
.length
;
2657 if (curr
.length
> 0) {
2658 dump_map_entry(output_format
, &curr
, &next
);
2663 dump_map_entry(output_format
, &curr
, NULL
);
2670 #define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
2671 #define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
2672 #define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
2673 #define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
2675 static int img_snapshot(int argc
, char **argv
)
2678 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
2679 QEMUSnapshotInfo sn
;
2680 char *filename
, *snapshot_name
= NULL
;
2681 int c
, ret
= 0, bdrv_oflags
;
2686 bool image_opts
= false;
2688 bdrv_oflags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
2689 /* Parse commandline parameters */
2691 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2692 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2693 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2694 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2697 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "la:c:d:hq",
2698 long_options
, NULL
);
2709 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2712 action
= SNAPSHOT_LIST
;
2713 bdrv_oflags
&= ~BDRV_O_RDWR
; /* no need for RW */
2717 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2720 action
= SNAPSHOT_APPLY
;
2721 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
2725 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2728 action
= SNAPSHOT_CREATE
;
2729 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
2733 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
2736 action
= SNAPSHOT_DELETE
;
2737 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
2742 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2744 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2750 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2756 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
2757 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2759 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
2761 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2762 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2767 /* Open the image */
2768 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, NULL
, bdrv_oflags
, false, quiet
);
2774 /* Perform the requested action */
2780 case SNAPSHOT_CREATE
:
2781 memset(&sn
, 0, sizeof(sn
));
2782 pstrcpy(sn
.name
, sizeof(sn
.name
), snapshot_name
);
2784 qemu_gettimeofday(&tv
);
2785 sn
.date_sec
= tv
.tv_sec
;
2786 sn
.date_nsec
= tv
.tv_usec
* 1000;
2788 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_create(bs
, &sn
);
2790 error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
2791 snapshot_name
, ret
, strerror(-ret
));
2795 case SNAPSHOT_APPLY
:
2796 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs
, snapshot_name
);
2798 error_report("Could not apply snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
2799 snapshot_name
, ret
, strerror(-ret
));
2803 case SNAPSHOT_DELETE
:
2804 bdrv_snapshot_delete_by_id_or_name(bs
, snapshot_name
, &err
);
2806 error_reportf_err(err
, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
2821 static int img_rebase(int argc
, char **argv
)
2823 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
, *blk_old_backing
= NULL
, *blk_new_backing
= NULL
;
2824 uint8_t *buf_old
= NULL
;
2825 uint8_t *buf_new
= NULL
;
2826 BlockDriverState
*bs
= NULL
;
2828 const char *fmt
, *cache
, *src_cache
, *out_basefmt
, *out_baseimg
;
2829 int c
, flags
, src_flags
, ret
;
2830 bool writethrough
, src_writethrough
;
2834 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
2835 bool image_opts
= false;
2837 /* Parse commandline parameters */
2839 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
2840 src_cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
2844 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2845 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2846 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2847 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2850 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:F:b:upt:T:q",
2851 long_options
, NULL
);
2864 out_basefmt
= optarg
;
2867 out_baseimg
= optarg
;
2884 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2886 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2892 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2902 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
2903 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2905 if (!unsafe
&& !out_baseimg
) {
2906 error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
2908 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
2910 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2911 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2916 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 2.0);
2917 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
2919 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
| (unsafe
? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING
: 0);
2920 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
2922 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
2927 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache
, &src_flags
, &src_writethrough
);
2929 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache
);
2933 /* The source files are opened read-only, don't care about WCE */
2934 assert((src_flags
& BDRV_O_RDWR
) == 0);
2935 (void) src_writethrough
;
2940 * Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
2941 * the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
2943 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
2950 if (out_basefmt
!= NULL
) {
2951 if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt
) == NULL
) {
2952 error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt
);
2958 /* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
2960 char backing_name
[PATH_MAX
];
2961 QDict
*options
= NULL
;
2963 if (bs
->backing_format
[0] != '\0') {
2964 options
= qdict_new();
2965 qdict_put(options
, "driver", qstring_from_str(bs
->backing_format
));
2968 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs
, backing_name
, sizeof(backing_name
));
2969 blk_old_backing
= blk_new_open(backing_name
, NULL
,
2970 options
, src_flags
, &local_err
);
2971 if (!blk_old_backing
) {
2972 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
2973 "Could not open old backing file '%s': ",
2979 if (out_baseimg
[0]) {
2981 options
= qdict_new();
2982 qdict_put(options
, "driver", qstring_from_str(out_basefmt
));
2987 blk_new_backing
= blk_new_open(out_baseimg
, NULL
,
2988 options
, src_flags
, &local_err
);
2989 if (!blk_new_backing
) {
2990 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
2991 "Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
3000 * Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
3001 * accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
3002 * in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
3003 * from the old backing file into the COW file.
3005 * If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
3006 * the image is the same as the original one at any time.
3009 int64_t num_sectors
;
3010 int64_t old_backing_num_sectors
;
3011 int64_t new_backing_num_sectors
= 0;
3014 float local_progress
= 0;
3016 buf_old
= blk_blockalign(blk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
3017 buf_new
= blk_blockalign(blk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
3019 num_sectors
= blk_nb_sectors(blk
);
3020 if (num_sectors
< 0) {
3021 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3022 filename
, strerror(-num_sectors
));
3026 old_backing_num_sectors
= blk_nb_sectors(blk_old_backing
);
3027 if (old_backing_num_sectors
< 0) {
3028 char backing_name
[PATH_MAX
];
3030 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs
, backing_name
, sizeof(backing_name
));
3031 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3032 backing_name
, strerror(-old_backing_num_sectors
));
3036 if (blk_new_backing
) {
3037 new_backing_num_sectors
= blk_nb_sectors(blk_new_backing
);
3038 if (new_backing_num_sectors
< 0) {
3039 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3040 out_baseimg
, strerror(-new_backing_num_sectors
));
3046 if (num_sectors
!= 0) {
3047 local_progress
= (float)100 /
3048 (num_sectors
/ MIN(num_sectors
, IO_BUF_SIZE
/ 512));
3051 for (sector
= 0; sector
< num_sectors
; sector
+= n
) {
3053 /* How many sectors can we handle with the next read? */
3054 if (sector
+ (IO_BUF_SIZE
/ 512) <= num_sectors
) {
3055 n
= (IO_BUF_SIZE
/ 512);
3057 n
= num_sectors
- sector
;
3060 /* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
3061 ret
= bdrv_is_allocated(bs
, sector
, n
, &n
);
3063 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3072 * Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
3073 * backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
3075 if (sector
>= old_backing_num_sectors
) {
3076 memset(buf_old
, 0, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
3078 if (sector
+ n
> old_backing_num_sectors
) {
3079 n
= old_backing_num_sectors
- sector
;
3082 ret
= blk_pread(blk_old_backing
, sector
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
3083 buf_old
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
3085 error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
3090 if (sector
>= new_backing_num_sectors
|| !blk_new_backing
) {
3091 memset(buf_new
, 0, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
3093 if (sector
+ n
> new_backing_num_sectors
) {
3094 n
= new_backing_num_sectors
- sector
;
3097 ret
= blk_pread(blk_new_backing
, sector
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
3098 buf_new
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
3100 error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
3105 /* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
3106 uint64_t written
= 0;
3108 while (written
< n
) {
3111 if (compare_sectors(buf_old
+ written
* 512,
3112 buf_new
+ written
* 512, n
- written
, &pnum
))
3114 ret
= blk_pwrite(blk
,
3115 (sector
+ written
) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
3116 buf_old
+ written
* 512,
3117 pnum
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, 0);
3119 error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
3127 qemu_progress_print(local_progress
, 100);
3132 * Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
3133 * backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
3134 * doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
3136 if (out_baseimg
&& *out_baseimg
) {
3137 ret
= bdrv_change_backing_file(bs
, out_baseimg
, out_basefmt
);
3139 ret
= bdrv_change_backing_file(bs
, NULL
, NULL
);
3142 if (ret
== -ENOSPC
) {
3143 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
3144 "space left in the file header", out_baseimg
);
3145 } else if (ret
< 0) {
3146 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
3147 out_baseimg
, strerror(-ret
));
3150 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
3152 * TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
3153 * allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
3154 * could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
3155 * backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
3158 qemu_progress_end();
3161 blk_unref(blk_old_backing
);
3162 blk_unref(blk_new_backing
);
3164 qemu_vfree(buf_old
);
3165 qemu_vfree(buf_new
);
3174 static int img_resize(int argc
, char **argv
)
3177 int c
, ret
, relative
;
3178 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *size
;
3179 int64_t n
, total_size
;
3181 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
3184 static QemuOptsList resize_options
= {
3185 .name
= "resize_options",
3186 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options
.head
),
3189 .name
= BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
,
3190 .type
= QEMU_OPT_SIZE
,
3191 .help
= "Virtual disk size"
3197 bool image_opts
= false;
3199 /* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
3200 * as options by getopt. */
3202 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
3206 size
= argv
[--argc
];
3208 /* Parse getopt arguments */
3211 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3212 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3213 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3214 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3217 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "f:hq",
3218 long_options
, NULL
);
3233 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
3235 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3241 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3246 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3247 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3249 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
3251 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3252 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3257 /* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
3273 param
= qemu_opts_create(&resize_options
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
3274 qemu_opt_set(param
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, size
, &err
);
3276 error_report_err(err
);
3278 qemu_opts_del(param
);
3281 n
= qemu_opt_get_size(param
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, 0);
3282 qemu_opts_del(param
);
3284 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
,
3285 BDRV_O_RDWR
, false, quiet
);
3292 total_size
= blk_getlength(blk
) + n
* relative
;
3296 if (total_size
<= 0) {
3297 error_report("New image size must be positive");
3302 ret
= blk_truncate(blk
, total_size
);
3305 qprintf(quiet
, "Image resized.\n");
3308 error_report("This image does not support resize");
3311 error_report("Image is read-only");
3314 error_report("Error resizing image: %s", strerror(-ret
));
3325 static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState
*bs
,
3326 int64_t offset
, int64_t total_work_size
,
3329 qemu_progress_print(100.f
* offset
/ total_work_size
, 0);
3332 static int img_amend(int argc
, char **argv
)
3336 char *options
= NULL
;
3337 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
3338 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
3339 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *filename
, *cache
;
3342 bool quiet
= false, progress
= false;
3343 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
3344 BlockDriverState
*bs
= NULL
;
3345 bool image_opts
= false;
3347 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
3349 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3350 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3351 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3352 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3355 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "ho:f:t:pq",
3356 long_options
, NULL
);
3367 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg
)) {
3368 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg
);
3370 goto out_no_progress
;
3373 options
= g_strdup(optarg
);
3375 char *old_options
= options
;
3376 options
= g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", options
, optarg
);
3377 g_free(old_options
);
3393 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3397 goto out_no_progress
;
3400 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3407 error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
3410 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3411 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3414 goto out_no_progress
;
3420 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.0);
3422 filename
= (optind
== argc
- 1) ? argv
[argc
- 1] : NULL
;
3423 if (fmt
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
3424 /* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
3425 * given), print option help here */
3426 ret
= print_block_option_help(filename
, fmt
);
3430 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3431 error_report("Expecting one image file name");
3436 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
3437 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
3439 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
3443 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
3450 fmt
= bs
->drv
->format_name
;
3452 if (has_help_option(options
)) {
3453 /* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
3454 ret
= print_block_option_help(filename
, fmt
);
3458 if (!bs
->drv
->create_opts
) {
3459 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support any options to amend",
3465 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, bs
->drv
->create_opts
);
3466 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
3467 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &err
);
3469 error_report_err(err
);
3474 /* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
3475 qemu_progress_print(0.f
, 0);
3476 ret
= bdrv_amend_options(bs
, opts
, &amend_status_cb
, NULL
);
3477 qemu_progress_print(100.f
, 0);
3479 error_report("Error while amending options: %s", strerror(-ret
));
3484 qemu_progress_end();
3488 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
3489 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
3498 typedef struct BenchData
{
3500 uint64_t image_size
;
3507 bool drain_on_flush
;
3516 static void bench_undrained_flush_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
3519 error_report("Failed flush request: %s", strerror(-ret
));
3524 static void bench_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
3526 BenchData
*b
= opaque
;
3530 error_report("Failed request: %s", strerror(-ret
));
3535 /* Just finished a flush with drained queue: Start next requests */
3536 assert(b
->in_flight
== 0);
3537 b
->in_flush
= false;
3538 } else if (b
->in_flight
> 0) {
3539 int remaining
= b
->n
- b
->in_flight
;
3544 /* Time for flush? Drain queue if requested, then flush */
3545 if (b
->flush_interval
&& remaining
% b
->flush_interval
== 0) {
3546 if (!b
->in_flight
|| !b
->drain_on_flush
) {
3547 BlockCompletionFunc
*cb
;
3549 if (b
->drain_on_flush
) {
3553 cb
= bench_undrained_flush_cb
;
3556 acb
= blk_aio_flush(b
->blk
, cb
, b
);
3558 error_report("Failed to issue flush request");
3562 if (b
->drain_on_flush
) {
3568 while (b
->n
> b
->in_flight
&& b
->in_flight
< b
->nrreq
) {
3569 int64_t offset
= b
->offset
;
3570 /* blk_aio_* might look for completed I/Os and kick bench_cb
3571 * again, so make sure this operation is counted by in_flight
3572 * and b->offset is ready for the next submission.
3575 b
->offset
+= b
->step
;
3576 b
->offset
%= b
->image_size
;
3578 acb
= blk_aio_pwritev(b
->blk
, offset
, b
->qiov
, 0, bench_cb
, b
);
3580 acb
= blk_aio_preadv(b
->blk
, offset
, b
->qiov
, 0, bench_cb
, b
);
3583 error_report("Failed to issue request");
3589 static int img_bench(int argc
, char **argv
)
3592 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *filename
;
3594 bool image_opts
= false;
3595 bool is_write
= false;
3599 size_t bufsize
= 4096;
3602 int flush_interval
= 0;
3603 bool drain_on_flush
= true;
3605 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
3606 BenchData data
= {};
3608 bool writethrough
= false;
3609 struct timeval t1
, t2
;
3613 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3614 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3615 {"flush-interval", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
},
3616 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3617 {"pattern", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_PATTERN
},
3618 {"no-drain", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_NO_DRAIN
},
3621 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hc:d:f:no:qs:S:t:w", long_options
, NULL
);
3635 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
3636 error_report("Invalid request count specified");
3646 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
3647 error_report("Invalid queue depth specified");
3657 flags
|= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO
;
3661 offset
= cvtnum(optarg
);
3663 error_report("Invalid offset specified");
3676 sval
= cvtnum(optarg
);
3677 if (sval
< 0 || sval
> INT_MAX
) {
3678 error_report("Invalid buffer size specified");
3689 sval
= cvtnum(optarg
);
3690 if (sval
< 0 || sval
> INT_MAX
) {
3691 error_report("Invalid step size specified");
3699 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
3701 error_report("Invalid cache mode");
3707 flags
|= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
3710 case OPTION_PATTERN
:
3714 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> 0xff) {
3715 error_report("Invalid pattern byte specified");
3721 case OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
:
3725 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
3726 error_report("Invalid flush interval specified");
3729 flush_interval
= res
;
3732 case OPTION_NO_DRAIN
:
3733 drain_on_flush
= false;
3735 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3741 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3742 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3744 filename
= argv
[argc
- 1];
3746 if (!is_write
&& flush_interval
) {
3747 error_report("--flush-interval is only available in write tests");
3751 if (flush_interval
&& flush_interval
< depth
) {
3752 error_report("Flush interval can't be smaller than depth");
3757 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
);
3763 image_size
= blk_getlength(blk
);
3764 if (image_size
< 0) {
3769 data
= (BenchData
) {
3771 .image_size
= image_size
,
3773 .step
= step
?: bufsize
,
3778 .flush_interval
= flush_interval
,
3779 .drain_on_flush
= drain_on_flush
,
3781 printf("Sending %d %s requests, %d bytes each, %d in parallel "
3782 "(starting at offset %" PRId64
", step size %d)\n",
3783 data
.n
, data
.write
? "write" : "read", data
.bufsize
, data
.nrreq
,
3784 data
.offset
, data
.step
);
3785 if (flush_interval
) {
3786 printf("Sending flush every %d requests\n", flush_interval
);
3789 data
.buf
= blk_blockalign(blk
, data
.nrreq
* data
.bufsize
);
3790 memset(data
.buf
, pattern
, data
.nrreq
* data
.bufsize
);
3792 data
.qiov
= g_new(QEMUIOVector
, data
.nrreq
);
3793 for (i
= 0; i
< data
.nrreq
; i
++) {
3794 qemu_iovec_init(&data
.qiov
[i
], 1);
3795 qemu_iovec_add(&data
.qiov
[i
],
3796 data
.buf
+ i
* data
.bufsize
, data
.bufsize
);
3799 gettimeofday(&t1
, NULL
);
3802 while (data
.n
> 0) {
3803 main_loop_wait(false);
3805 gettimeofday(&t2
, NULL
);
3807 printf("Run completed in %3.3f seconds.\n",
3808 (t2
.tv_sec
- t1
.tv_sec
)
3809 + ((double)(t2
.tv_usec
- t1
.tv_usec
) / 1000000));
3812 qemu_vfree(data
.buf
);
3833 int bsz
; /* Block size */
3841 int (*f
)(const char *, struct DdIo
*, struct DdIo
*, struct DdInfo
*);
3845 static int img_dd_bs(const char *arg
,
3846 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
3853 if (res
<= 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
3854 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg
);
3857 in
->bsz
= out
->bsz
= res
;
3862 static int img_dd_count(const char *arg
,
3863 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
3866 dd
->count
= cvtnum(arg
);
3868 if (dd
->count
< 0) {
3869 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg
);
3876 static int img_dd_if(const char *arg
,
3877 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
3880 in
->filename
= g_strdup(arg
);
3885 static int img_dd_of(const char *arg
,
3886 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
3889 out
->filename
= g_strdup(arg
);
3894 static int img_dd_skip(const char *arg
,
3895 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
3898 in
->offset
= cvtnum(arg
);
3900 if (in
->offset
< 0) {
3901 error_report("invalid number: '%s'", arg
);
3908 static int img_dd(int argc
, char **argv
)
3913 BlockDriver
*drv
= NULL
, *proto_drv
= NULL
;
3914 BlockBackend
*blk1
= NULL
, *blk2
= NULL
;
3915 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
3916 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
3917 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
3918 bool image_opts
= false;
3920 const char *out_fmt
= "raw";
3921 const char *fmt
= NULL
;
3923 int64_t block_count
= 0, out_pos
, in_pos
;
3924 struct DdInfo dd
= {
3929 .bsz
= 512, /* Block size is by default 512 bytes */
3941 const struct DdOpts options
[] = {
3942 { "bs", img_dd_bs
, C_BS
},
3943 { "count", img_dd_count
, C_COUNT
},
3944 { "if", img_dd_if
, C_IF
},
3945 { "of", img_dd_of
, C_OF
},
3946 { "skip", img_dd_skip
, C_SKIP
},
3949 const struct option long_options
[] = {
3950 { "help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3951 { "image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3955 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:O:", long_options
, NULL
))) {
3967 error_report("Try 'qemu-img --help' for more information.");
3973 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3979 for (i
= optind
; i
< argc
; i
++) {
3981 arg
= g_strdup(argv
[i
]);
3983 tmp
= strchr(arg
, '=');
3985 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg
);
3992 for (j
= 0; options
[j
].name
!= NULL
; j
++) {
3993 if (!strcmp(arg
, options
[j
].name
)) {
3997 if (options
[j
].name
== NULL
) {
3998 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg
);
4003 if (options
[j
].f(tmp
, &in
, &out
, &dd
) != 0) {
4007 dd
.flags
|= options
[j
].flag
;
4012 if (!(dd
.flags
& C_IF
&& dd
.flags
& C_OF
)) {
4013 error_report("Must specify both input and output files");
4017 blk1
= img_open(image_opts
, in
.filename
, fmt
, 0, false, false);
4024 drv
= bdrv_find_format(out_fmt
);
4026 error_report("Unknown file format");
4030 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(out
.filename
, true, &local_err
);
4033 error_report_err(local_err
);
4037 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
4038 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4043 if (!proto_drv
->create_opts
) {
4044 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
4045 proto_drv
->format_name
);
4049 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
4050 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
4052 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
4054 size
= blk_getlength(blk1
);
4056 error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", in
.filename
);
4061 if (dd
.flags
& C_COUNT
&& dd
.count
<= INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
&&
4062 dd
.count
* in
.bsz
< size
) {
4063 size
= dd
.count
* in
.bsz
;
4066 /* Overflow means the specified offset is beyond input image's size */
4067 if (dd
.flags
& C_SKIP
&& (in
.offset
> INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
||
4068 size
< in
.bsz
* in
.offset
)) {
4069 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, 0, &error_abort
);
4071 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
,
4072 size
- in
.bsz
* in
.offset
, &error_abort
);
4075 ret
= bdrv_create(drv
, out
.filename
, opts
, &local_err
);
4077 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
4078 "%s: error while creating output image: ",
4084 blk2
= img_open(image_opts
, out
.filename
, out_fmt
, BDRV_O_RDWR
,
4092 if (dd
.flags
& C_SKIP
&& (in
.offset
> INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
||
4093 size
< in
.offset
* in
.bsz
)) {
4094 /* We give a warning if the skip option is bigger than the input
4095 * size and create an empty output disk image (i.e. like dd(1)).
4097 error_report("%s: cannot skip to specified offset", in
.filename
);
4100 in_pos
= in
.offset
* in
.bsz
;
4103 in
.buf
= g_new(uint8_t, in
.bsz
);
4105 for (out_pos
= 0; in_pos
< size
; block_count
++) {
4106 int in_ret
, out_ret
;
4108 if (in_pos
+ in
.bsz
> size
) {
4109 in_ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, in_pos
, in
.buf
, size
- in_pos
);
4111 in_ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, in_pos
, in
.buf
, in
.bsz
);
4114 error_report("error while reading from input image file: %s",
4121 out_ret
= blk_pwrite(blk2
, out_pos
, in
.buf
, in_ret
, 0);
4124 error_report("error while writing to output image file: %s",
4125 strerror(-out_ret
));
4134 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
4135 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
4138 g_free(in
.filename
);
4139 g_free(out
.filename
);
4150 static const img_cmd_t img_cmds
[] = {
4151 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
4152 { option, callback },
4153 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
4159 int main(int argc
, char **argv
)
4161 const img_cmd_t
*cmd
;
4162 const char *cmdname
;
4163 Error
*local_error
= NULL
;
4164 char *trace_file
= NULL
;
4166 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
4167 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
4168 {"version", no_argument
, 0, 'V'},
4169 {"trace", required_argument
, NULL
, 'T'},
4174 signal(SIGPIPE
, SIG_IGN
);
4177 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE
);
4178 error_set_progname(argv
[0]);
4179 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv
[0]);
4181 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error
)) {
4182 error_report_err(local_error
);
4186 qcrypto_init(&error_fatal
);
4188 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM
);
4191 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
4194 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts
);
4195 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts
);
4196 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts
);
4198 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "+hVT:", long_options
, NULL
)) != -1) {
4204 printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION
);
4208 trace_file
= trace_opt_parse(optarg
);
4213 cmdname
= argv
[optind
];
4215 /* reset getopt_long scanning */
4223 if (!trace_init_backends()) {
4226 trace_init_file(trace_file
);
4227 qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE
);
4229 /* find the command */
4230 for (cmd
= img_cmds
; cmd
->name
!= NULL
; cmd
++) {
4231 if (!strcmp(cmdname
, cmd
->name
)) {
4232 return cmd
->handler(argc
, argv
);
4237 error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname
);