qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  11 #include <getopt.h>
  12 #include <libgen.h>
  13
  14 #include "qapi/error.h"
  15 #include "qemu-io.h"
  16 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  17 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  18 #include "qemu/option.h"
  19 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  20 #include "qemu/readline.h"
  21 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
  22 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
  23 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
  24 #include "block/block_int.h"
  25 #include "trace/control.h"
  26
  27 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  28
  29 static char *progname;
  30
  31 static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
  32
  33 /* qemu-io commands passed using -c */
  34 static int ncmdline;
  35 static char **cmdline;
  36 static bool imageOpts;
  37
  38 static ReadLineState *readline_state;
  39
  40 static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
  41 {
  42     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  43     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  44     return 0;
  45 }
  46
  47 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
  48     .name       = "close",
  49     .altname    = "c",
  50     .cfunc      = close_f,
  51     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
  52 };
  53
  54 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, QDict *opts)
  55 {
  56     Error *local_err = NULL;
  57     BlockDriverState *bs;
  58
  59     if (qemuio_blk) {
  60         error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
  61         QDECREF(opts);
  62         return 1;
  63     }
  64
  65     qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
  66     if (!qemuio_blk) {
  67         error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
  68                           name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
  69         return 1;
  70     }
  71
  72     bs = blk_bs(qemuio_blk);
  73     if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
  74         char password[256];
  75         printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", name);
  76         if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
  77             error_report("No password given");
  78             goto error;
  79         }
  80         if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
  81             error_report("invalid password");
  82             goto error;
  83         }
  84     }
  85
  86
  87     return 0;
  88
  89  error:
  90     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  91     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  92     return 1;
  93 }
  94
  95 static void open_help(void)
  96 {
  97     printf(
  98 "\n"
  99 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
 100 "\n"
 101 " Example:\n"
 102 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
 103 "\n"
 104 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
 105 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 106 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 107 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
 108 " -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
 109 "\n");
 110 }
 111
 112 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 113
 114 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 115     .name       = "open",
 116     .altname    = "o",
 117     .cfunc      = open_f,
 118     .argmin     = 1,
 119     .argmax     = -1,
 120     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
 121     .args       = "[-Crsn] [-o options] [path]",
 122     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
 123     .help       = open_help,
 124 };
 125
 126 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
 127     .name = "drive",
 128     .merge_lists = true,
 129     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
 130     .desc = {
 131         /* no elements => accept any params */
 132         { /* end of list */ }
 133     },
 134 };
 135
 136 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 137 {
 138     int flags = 0;
 139     int readonly = 0;
 140     int c;
 141     QemuOpts *qopts;
 142     QDict *opts;
 143
 144     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrgo:")) != -1) {
 145         switch (c) {
 146         case 's':
 147             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 148             break;
 149         case 'n':
 150             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
 151             break;
 152         case 'r':
 153             readonly = 1;
 154             break;
 155         case 'o':
 156             if (imageOpts) {
 157                 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
 158                 return 0;
 159             }
 160             if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
 161                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 162                 return 0;
 163             }
 164             break;
 165         default:
 166             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 167             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 168         }
 169     }
 170
 171     if (!readonly) {
 172         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 173     }
 174
 175     if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
 176         if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
 177             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 178             return 0;
 179         }
 180         optind++;
 181     }
 182
 183     qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
 184     opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
 185     qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 186
 187     if (optind == argc - 1) {
 188         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, opts);
 189     } else if (optind == argc) {
 190         return openfile(NULL, flags, opts);
 191     } else {
 192         QDECREF(opts);
 193         return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 194     }
 195 }
 196
 197 static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 198 {
 199     return 1;
 200 }
 201
 202 static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
 203     .name       = "quit",
 204     .altname    = "q",
 205     .cfunc      = quit_f,
 206     .argmin     = -1,
 207     .argmax     = -1,
 208     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
 209     .oneline    = "exit the program",
 210 };
 211
 212 static void usage(const char *name)
 213 {
 214     printf(
 215 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-f FMT] [-c STRING] ... [file]\n"
 216 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 217 "\n"
 218 "  --object OBJECTDEF   define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
 219 "                       passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
 220 "  -c, --cmd STRING     execute command with its arguments\n"
 221 "                       from the given string\n"
 222 "  -f, --format FMT     specifies the block driver to use\n"
 223 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 224 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 225 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
 226 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
 227 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 228 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 229 "  -T, --trace FILE     enable trace events listed in the given file\n"
 230 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 231 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 232 "\n"
 233 "See '%s -c help' for information on available commands."
 234 "\n",
 235     name, name);
 236 }
 237
 238 static char *get_prompt(void)
 239 {
 240     static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 /*"> "*/ + 1 /*"\0"*/ ];
 241
 242     if (!prompt[0]) {
 243         snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", progname);
 244     }
 245
 246     return prompt;
 247 }
 248
 249 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
 250                                                     const char *fmt, ...)
 251 {
 252     va_list ap;
 253     va_start(ap, fmt);
 254     vprintf(fmt, ap);
 255     va_end(ap);
 256 }
 257
 258 static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
 259 {
 260     fflush(stdout);
 261 }
 262
 263 static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
 264 {
 265     char **line = readline_opaque;
 266     *line = g_strdup(str);
 267 }
 268
 269 static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
 270 {
 271     readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
 272 }
 273
 274 static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
 275 {
 276     readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
 277     qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
 278 }
 279
 280 static char *fetchline_readline(void)
 281 {
 282     char *line = NULL;
 283
 284     readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
 285     while (!line) {
 286         int ch = getchar();
 287         if (ch == EOF) {
 288             break;
 289         }
 290         readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
 291     }
 292     return line;
 293 }
 294
 295 #define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
 296 static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
 297 {
 298     char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
 299
 300     if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
 301         g_free(line);
 302         return NULL;
 303     }
 304
 305     p = line + strlen(line);
 306     if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
 307         p[-1] = '\0';
 308     }
 309
 310     return line;
 311 }
 312
 313 static char *fetchline(void)
 314 {
 315     if (readline_state) {
 316         return fetchline_readline();
 317     } else {
 318         return fetchline_fgets();
 319     }
 320 }
 321
 322 static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
 323 {
 324     int *fetchable = opaque;
 325
 326     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 327     *fetchable= 1;
 328 }
 329
 330 static void command_loop(void)
 331 {
 332     int i, done = 0, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
 333     char *input;
 334
 335     for (i = 0; !done && i < ncmdline; i++) {
 336         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
 337     }
 338     if (cmdline) {
 339         g_free(cmdline);
 340         return;
 341     }
 342
 343     while (!done) {
 344         if (!prompted) {
 345             printf("%s", get_prompt());
 346             fflush(stdout);
 347             qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
 348             prompted = 1;
 349         }
 350
 351         main_loop_wait(false);
 352
 353         if (!fetchable) {
 354             continue;
 355         }
 356
 357         input = fetchline();
 358         if (input == NULL) {
 359             break;
 360         }
 361         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
 362         g_free(input);
 363
 364         prompted = 0;
 365         fetchable = 0;
 366     }
 367     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 368 }
 369
 370 static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
 371 {
 372     cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
 373     cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
 374 }
 375
 376 static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
 377 {
 378     qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
 379 }
 380
 381 enum {
 382     OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
 383     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 384 };
 385
 386 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
 387     .name = "object",
 388     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
 389     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
 390     .desc = {
 391         { }
 392     },
 393 };
 394
 395
 396 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
 397     .name = "file",
 398     .implied_opt_name = "file",
 399     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
 400     .desc = {
 401         /* no elements => accept any params */
 402         { /* end of list */ }
 403     },
 404 };
 405
 406 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 407 {
 408     int readonly = 0;
 409     const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnmgkt:T:";
 410     const struct option lopt[] = {
 411         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
 412         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
 413         { "offset", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
 414         { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
 415         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 416         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
 417         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
 418         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
 419         { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
 420         { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
 421         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
 422         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 423         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 424         { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
 425         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
 426         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 427     };
 428     int c;
 429     int opt_index = 0;
 430     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 431     Error *local_error = NULL;
 432     QDict *opts = NULL;
 433     const char *format = NULL;
 434
 435 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
 436     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 437 #endif
 438
 439     progname = basename(argv[0]);
 440     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 441
 442     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
 443     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
 444     bdrv_init();
 445
 446     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
 447         switch (c) {
 448         case 's':
 449             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 450             break;
 451         case 'n':
 452             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
 453             break;
 454         case 'd':
 455             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 456                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 457                 exit(1);
 458             }
 459             break;
 460         case 'f':
 461             format = optarg;
 462             break;
 463         case 'c':
 464             add_user_command(optarg);
 465             break;
 466         case 'r':
 467             readonly = 1;
 468             break;
 469         case 'm':
 470             qemuio_misalign = true;
 471             break;
 472         case 'k':
 473             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 474             break;
 475         case 't':
 476             if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 477                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 478                 exit(1);
 479             }
 480             break;
 481         case 'T':
 482             if (!trace_init_backends()) {
 483                 exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */
 484             }
 485             break;
 486         case 'V':
 487             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, QEMU_VERSION);
 488             exit(0);
 489         case 'h':
 490             usage(progname);
 491             exit(0);
 492         case OPTION_OBJECT: {
 493             QemuOpts *qopts;
 494             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
 495                                             optarg, true);
 496             if (!qopts) {
 497                 exit(1);
 498             }
 499         }   break;
 500         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
 501             imageOpts = true;
 502             break;
 503         default:
 504             usage(progname);
 505             exit(1);
 506         }
 507     }
 508
 509     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
 510         usage(progname);
 511         exit(1);
 512     }
 513
 514     if (format && imageOpts) {
 515         error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
 516         exit(1);
 517     }
 518
 519     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
 520         error_report_err(local_error);
 521         exit(1);
 522     }
 523
 524     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
 525                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
 526                           NULL, &local_error)) {
 527         error_report_err(local_error);
 528         exit(1);
 529     }
 530
 531     /* initialize commands */
 532     qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
 533     qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
 534     qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
 535
 536     if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
 537         readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
 538                                        readline_flush_func,
 539                                        NULL,
 540                                        readline_completion_func);
 541         qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
 542         atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
 543     }
 544
 545     /* open the device */
 546     if (!readonly) {
 547         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 548     }
 549
 550     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
 551         if (imageOpts) {
 552             QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
 553             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
 554             if (!qopts) {
 555                 exit(1);
 556             }
 557             opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
 558             openfile(NULL, flags, opts);
 559         } else {
 560             if (format) {
 561                 opts = qdict_new();
 562                 qdict_put(opts, "driver", qstring_from_str(format));
 563             }
 564             openfile(argv[optind], flags, opts);
 565         }
 566     }
 567     command_loop();
 568
 569     /*
 570      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
 571      */
 572     bdrv_drain_all();
 573
 574     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 575     g_free(readline_state);
 576     return 0;
 577 }