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1 #!/usr/bin/env python3
2 #
3 # Copyright (c) 2017 Red Hat Inc
4 #
5 # Author:
6 # Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
7 #
8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 # (at your option) any later version.
12 #
13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
17 #
18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
19 # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
20 # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
21
22 """
23 Run QEMU with all combinations of -machine and -device types,
24 check for crashes and unexpected errors.
25 """
26
27 import os
28 import sys
29 import glob
30 import logging
31 import traceback
32 import re
33 import random
34 import argparse
35 from itertools import chain
36
37 sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', 'python'))
38 from qemu.machine import QEMUMachine
39
40 logger = logging.getLogger('device-crash-test')
41 dbg = logger.debug
42
43
44 # Purposes of the following whitelist:
45 # * Avoiding verbose log messages when we find known non-fatal
46 # (exitcode=1) errors
47 # * Avoiding fatal errors when we find known crashes
48 # * Skipping machines/devices that are known not to work out of
49 # the box, when running in --quick mode
50 #
51 # Keeping the whitelist updated is desirable, but not required,
52 # because unexpected cases where QEMU exits with exitcode=1 will
53 # just trigger a INFO message.
54
55 # Valid whitelist entry keys:
56 # * accel: regexp, full match only
57 # * machine: regexp, full match only
58 # * device: regexp, full match only
59 # * log: regexp, partial match allowed
60 # * exitcode: if not present, defaults to 1. If None, matches any exitcode
61 # * warn: if True, matching failures will be logged as warnings
62 # * expected: if True, QEMU is expected to always fail every time
63 # when testing the corresponding test case
64 # * loglevel: log level of log output when there's a match.
65 ERROR_WHITELIST = [
66 # Machines that won't work out of the box:
67 # MACHINE | ERROR MESSAGE
68 {'machine':'niagara', 'expected':True}, # Unable to load a firmware for -M niagara
69 {'machine':'boston', 'expected':True}, # Please provide either a -kernel or -bios argument
70 {'machine':'leon3_generic', 'expected':True}, # Can't read bios image (null)
71
72 # devices that don't work out of the box because they require extra options to "-device DEV":
73 # DEVICE | ERROR MESSAGE
74 {'device':'.*-(i386|x86_64)-cpu', 'expected':True}, # CPU socket-id is not set
75 {'device':'icp', 'expected':True}, # icp_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
76 {'device':'ics', 'expected':True}, # ics_base_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
77 # "-device ide-cd" does work on more recent QEMU versions, so it doesn't have expected=True
78 {'device':'ide-cd'}, # No drive specified
79 {'device':'ide-drive', 'expected':True}, # No drive specified
80 {'device':'ide-hd', 'expected':True}, # No drive specified
81 {'device':'ipmi-bmc-extern', 'expected':True}, # IPMI external bmc requires chardev attribute
82 {'device':'isa-debugcon', 'expected':True}, # Can't create serial device, empty char device
83 {'device':'isa-ipmi-bt', 'expected':True}, # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set
84 {'device':'isa-ipmi-kcs', 'expected':True}, # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set
85 {'device':'isa-parallel', 'expected':True}, # Can't create serial device, empty char device
86 {'device':'ivshmem-doorbell', 'expected':True}, # You must specify a 'chardev'
87 {'device':'ivshmem-plain', 'expected':True}, # You must specify a 'memdev'
88 {'device':'loader', 'expected':True}, # please include valid arguments
89 {'device':'nand', 'expected':True}, # Unsupported NAND block size 0x1
90 {'device':'nvdimm', 'expected':True}, # 'memdev' property is not set
91 {'device':'nvme', 'expected':True}, # Device initialization failed
92 {'device':'pc-dimm', 'expected':True}, # 'memdev' property is not set
93 {'device':'pci-bridge', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
94 {'device':'pci-bridge-seat', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
95 {'device':'pxb', 'expected':True}, # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
96 {'device':'scsi-block', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
97 {'device':'scsi-disk', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
98 {'device':'scsi-generic', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
99 {'device':'scsi-hd', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
100 {'device':'spapr-pci-host-bridge', 'expected':True}, # BUID not specified for PHB
101 {'device':'spapr-rng', 'expected':True}, # spapr-rng needs an RNG backend!
102 {'device':'spapr-vty', 'expected':True}, # chardev property not set
103 {'device':'tpm-tis', 'expected':True}, # tpm_tis: backend driver with id (null) could not be found
104 {'device':'unimplemented-device', 'expected':True}, # property 'size' not specified or zero
105 {'device':'usb-braille', 'expected':True}, # Property chardev is required
106 {'device':'usb-mtp', 'expected':True}, # rootdir property must be configured
107 {'device':'usb-redir', 'expected':True}, # Parameter 'chardev' is missing
108 {'device':'usb-serial', 'expected':True}, # Property chardev is required
109 {'device':'usb-storage', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
110 {'device':'vfio-amd-xgbe', 'expected':True}, # -device vfio-amd-xgbe: vfio error: wrong host device name
111 {'device':'vfio-calxeda-xgmac', 'expected':True}, # -device vfio-calxeda-xgmac: vfio error: wrong host device name
112 {'device':'vfio-pci', 'expected':True}, # No provided host device
113 {'device':'vfio-pci-igd-lpc-bridge', 'expected':True}, # VFIO dummy ISA/LPC bridge must have address 1f.0
114 {'device':'vhost-scsi.*', 'expected':True}, # vhost-scsi: missing wwpn
115 {'device':'vhost-vsock-device', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
116 {'device':'vhost-vsock-pci', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
117 {'device':'virtio-9p-ccw', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
118 {'device':'virtio-9p-device', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
119 {'device':'virtio-9p-pci', 'expected':True}, # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
120 {'device':'virtio-blk-ccw', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
121 {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
122 {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
123 {'device':'virtio-blk-pci', 'expected':True}, # drive property not set
124 {'device':'virtio-crypto-ccw', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
125 {'device':'virtio-crypto-device', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
126 {'device':'virtio-crypto-pci', 'expected':True}, # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
127 {'device':'virtio-input-host-device', 'expected':True}, # evdev property is required
128 {'device':'virtio-input-host-pci', 'expected':True}, # evdev property is required
129 {'device':'xen-pvdevice', 'expected':True}, # Device ID invalid, it must always be supplied
130 {'device':'vhost-vsock-ccw', 'expected':True}, # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
131 {'device':'zpci', 'expected':True}, # target must be defined
132 {'device':'pnv-(occ|icp|lpc)', 'expected':True}, # required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
133 {'device':'powernv-cpu-.*', 'expected':True}, # pnv_core_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
134
135 # ioapic devices are already created by pc and will fail:
136 {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'kvm-ioapic', 'expected':True}, # Only 1 ioapics allowed
137 {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'ioapic', 'expected':True}, # Only 1 ioapics allowed
138
139 # "spapr-cpu-core needs a pseries machine"
140 {'machine':'(?!pseries).*', 'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'expected':True},
141
142 # KVM-specific devices shouldn't be tried without accel=kvm:
143 {'accel':'(?!kvm).*', 'device':'kvmclock', 'expected':True},
144
145 # xen-specific machines and devices:
146 {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'machine':'xen.*', 'expected':True},
147 {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'device':'xen-.*', 'expected':True},
148
149 # this fails on some machine-types, but not all, so they don't have expected=True:
150 {'device':'vmgenid'}, # vmgenid requires DMA write support in fw_cfg, which this machine type does not provide
151
152 # Silence INFO messages for errors that are common on multiple
153 # devices/machines:
154 {'log':r"No '[\w-]+' bus found for device '[\w-]+'"},
155 {'log':r"images* must be given with the 'pflash' parameter"},
156 {'log':r"(Guest|ROM|Flash|Kernel) image must be specified"},
157 {'log':r"[cC]ould not load [\w ]+ (BIOS|bios) '[\w-]+\.bin'"},
158 {'log':r"Couldn't find rom image '[\w-]+\.bin'"},
159 {'log':r"speed mismatch trying to attach usb device"},
160 {'log':r"Can't create a second ISA bus"},
161 {'log':r"duplicate fw_cfg file name"},
162 # sysbus-related error messages: most machines reject most dynamic sysbus devices:
163 {'log':r"Option '-device [\w.,-]+' cannot be handled by this machine"},
164 {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ is not supported by this machine yet"},
165 {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ can not be dynamically instantiated"},
166 {'log':r"Platform Bus: Can not fit MMIO region of size "},
167 # other more specific errors we will ignore:
168 {'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'log':r"CPU core type should be"},
169 {'log':r"MSI(-X)? is not supported by interrupt controller"},
170 {'log':r"pxb-pcie? devices cannot reside on a PCIe? bus"},
171 {'log':r"Ignoring smp_cpus value"},
172 {'log':r"sd_init failed: Drive 'sd0' is already in use because it has been automatically connected to another device"},
173 {'log':r"This CPU requires a smaller page size than the system is using"},
174 {'log':r"MSI-X support is mandatory in the S390 architecture"},
175 {'log':r"rom check and register reset failed"},
176 {'log':r"Unable to initialize GIC, CPUState for CPU#0 not valid"},
177 {'log':r"Multiple VT220 operator consoles are not supported"},
178 {'log':r"core 0 already populated"},
179 {'log':r"could not find stage1 bootloader"},
180
181 # other exitcode=1 failures not listed above will just generate INFO messages:
182 {'exitcode':1, 'loglevel':logging.INFO},
183
184 # everything else (including SIGABRT and SIGSEGV) will be a fatal error:
185 {'exitcode':None, 'fatal':True, 'loglevel':logging.FATAL},
186 ]
187
188
189 def whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, t):
190 """Check if a test case specification can match a whitelist entry
191
192 This only checks if a whitelist entry is a candidate match
193 for a given test case, it won't check if the test case
194 results/output match the entry. See whitelistResultMatch().
195 """
196 return (('machine' not in wl or
197 'machine' not in t or
198 re.match(wl['machine'] + '$', t['machine'])) and
199 ('accel' not in wl or
200 'accel' not in t or
201 re.match(wl['accel'] + '$', t['accel'])) and
202 ('device' not in wl or
203 'device' not in t or
204 re.match(wl['device'] + '$', t['device'])))
205
206
207 def whitelistCandidates(t):
208 """Generate the list of candidates that can match a test case"""
209 for i, wl in enumerate(ERROR_WHITELIST):
210 if whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, t):
211 yield (i, wl)
212
213
214 def findExpectedResult(t):
215 """Check if there's an expected=True whitelist entry for a test case
216
217 Returns (i, wl) tuple, where i is the index in
218 ERROR_WHITELIST and wl is the whitelist entry itself.
219 """
220 for i, wl in whitelistCandidates(t):
221 if wl.get('expected'):
222 return (i, wl)
223
224
225 def whitelistResultMatch(wl, r):
226 """Check if test case results/output match a whitelist entry
227
228 It is valid to call this function only if
229 whitelistTestCaseMatch() is True for the entry (e.g. on
230 entries returned by whitelistCandidates())
231 """
232 assert whitelistTestCaseMatch(wl, r['testcase'])
233 return ((wl.get('exitcode', 1) is None or
234 r['exitcode'] == wl.get('exitcode', 1)) and
235 ('log' not in wl or
236 re.search(wl['log'], r['log'], re.MULTILINE)))
237
238
239 def checkResultWhitelist(r):
240 """Look up whitelist entry for a given test case result
241
242 Returns (i, wl) tuple, where i is the index in
243 ERROR_WHITELIST and wl is the whitelist entry itself.
244 """
245 for i, wl in whitelistCandidates(r['testcase']):
246 if whitelistResultMatch(wl, r):
247 return i, wl
248
249 raise Exception("this should never happen")
250
251
252 def qemuOptsEscape(s):
253 """Escape option value QemuOpts"""
254 return s.replace(",", ",,")
255
256
257 def formatTestCase(t):
258 """Format test case info as "key=value key=value" for prettier logging output"""
259 return ' '.join('%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in t.items())
260
261
262 def qomListTypeNames(vm, **kwargs):
263 """Run qom-list-types QMP command, return type names"""
264 types = vm.command('qom-list-types', **kwargs)
265 return [t['name'] for t in types]
266
267
268 def infoQDM(vm):
269 """Parse 'info qdm' output"""
270 args = {'command-line': 'info qdm'}
271 devhelp = vm.command('human-monitor-command', **args)
272 for l in devhelp.split('\n'):
273 l = l.strip()
274 if l == '' or l.endswith(':'):
275 continue
276 d = {'name': re.search(r'name "([^"]+)"', l).group(1),
277 'no-user': (re.search(', no-user', l) is not None)}
278 yield d
279
280
281 class QemuBinaryInfo(object):
282 def __init__(self, binary, devtype):
283 if devtype is None:
284 devtype = 'device'
285
286 self.binary = binary
287 self._machine_info = {}
288
289 dbg("devtype: %r", devtype)
290 args = ['-S', '-machine', 'none,accel=kvm:tcg']
291 dbg("querying info for QEMU binary: %s", binary)
292 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args)
293 vm.launch()
294 try:
295 self.alldevs = set(qomListTypeNames(vm, implements=devtype, abstract=False))
296 # there's no way to query DeviceClass::user_creatable using QMP,
297 # so use 'info qdm':
298 self.no_user_devs = set([d['name'] for d in infoQDM(vm, ) if d['no-user']])
299 self.machines = list(m['name'] for m in vm.command('query-machines'))
300 self.user_devs = self.alldevs.difference(self.no_user_devs)
301 self.kvm_available = vm.command('query-kvm')['enabled']
302 finally:
303 vm.shutdown()
304
305 def machineInfo(self, machine):
306 """Query for information on a specific machine-type
307
308 Results are cached internally, in case the same machine-
309 type is queried multiple times.
310 """
311 if machine in self._machine_info:
312 return self._machine_info[machine]
313
314 mi = {}
315 args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s' % (machine)]
316 dbg("querying machine info for binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine)
317 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=self.binary, args=args)
318 try:
319 vm.launch()
320 mi['runnable'] = True
321 except KeyboardInterrupt:
322 raise
323 except:
324 dbg("exception trying to run binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
325 dbg("log: %r", vm.get_log())
326 mi['runnable'] = False
327
328 vm.shutdown()
329 self._machine_info[machine] = mi
330 return mi
331
332
333 BINARY_INFO = {}
334
335
336 def getBinaryInfo(args, binary):
337 if binary not in BINARY_INFO:
338 BINARY_INFO[binary] = QemuBinaryInfo(binary, args.devtype)
339 return BINARY_INFO[binary]
340
341
342 def checkOneCase(args, testcase):
343 """Check one specific case
344
345 Returns a dictionary containing failure information on error,
346 or None on success
347 """
348 binary = testcase['binary']
349 accel = testcase['accel']
350 machine = testcase['machine']
351 device = testcase['device']
352
353 dbg("will test: %r", testcase)
354
355 args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s,accel=%s' % (machine, accel),
356 '-device', qemuOptsEscape(device)]
357 cmdline = ' '.join([binary] + args)
358 dbg("will launch QEMU: %s", cmdline)
359 vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args)
360
361 exc_traceback = None
362 try:
363 vm.launch()
364 except KeyboardInterrupt:
365 raise
366 except:
367 exc_traceback = traceback.format_exc()
368 dbg("Exception while running test case")
369 finally:
370 vm.shutdown()
371 ec = vm.exitcode()
372 log = vm.get_log()
373
374 if exc_traceback is not None or ec != 0:
375 return {'exc_traceback':exc_traceback,
376 'exitcode':ec,
377 'log':log,
378 'testcase':testcase,
379 'cmdline':cmdline}
380
381
382 def binariesToTest(args, testcase):
383 if args.qemu:
384 r = args.qemu
385 else:
386 r = [f.path for f in os.scandir('.')
387 if f.name.startswith('qemu-system-') and
388 f.is_file() and os.access(f, os.X_OK)]
389 return r
390
391
392 def accelsToTest(args, testcase):
393 if getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).kvm_available:
394 yield 'kvm'
395 yield 'tcg'
396
397
398 def machinesToTest(args, testcase):
399 return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).machines
400
401
402 def devicesToTest(args, testcase):
403 return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).user_devs
404
405
406 TESTCASE_VARIABLES = [
407 ('binary', binariesToTest),
408 ('accel', accelsToTest),
409 ('machine', machinesToTest),
410 ('device', devicesToTest),
411 ]
412
413
414 def genCases1(args, testcases, var, fn):
415 """Generate new testcases for one variable
416
417 If an existing item already has a variable set, don't
418 generate new items and just return it directly. This
419 allows the "-t" command-line option to be used to choose
420 a specific test case.
421 """
422 for testcase in testcases:
423 if var in testcase:
424 yield testcase.copy()
425 else:
426 for i in fn(args, testcase):
427 t = testcase.copy()
428 t[var] = i
429 yield t
430
431
432 def genCases(args, testcase):
433 """Generate test cases for all variables
434 """
435 cases = [testcase.copy()]
436 for var, fn in TESTCASE_VARIABLES:
437 dbg("var: %r, fn: %r", var, fn)
438 cases = genCases1(args, cases, var, fn)
439 return cases
440
441
442 def casesToTest(args, testcase):
443 cases = genCases(args, testcase)
444 if args.random:
445 cases = list(cases)
446 cases = random.sample(cases, min(args.random, len(cases)))
447 if args.debug:
448 cases = list(cases)
449 dbg("%d test cases to test", len(cases))
450 if args.shuffle:
451 cases = list(cases)
452 random.shuffle(cases)
453 return cases
454
455
456 def logFailure(f, level):
457 t = f['testcase']
458 logger.log(level, "failed: %s", formatTestCase(t))
459 logger.log(level, "cmdline: %s", f['cmdline'])
460 for l in f['log'].strip().split('\n'):
461 logger.log(level, "log: %s", l)
462 logger.log(level, "exit code: %r", f['exitcode'])
463 if f['exc_traceback']:
464 logger.log(level, "exception:")
465 for l in f['exc_traceback'].split('\n'):
466 logger.log(level, " %s", l.rstrip('\n'))
467
468
469 def main():
470 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="QEMU -device crash test")
471 parser.add_argument('-t', metavar='KEY=VALUE', nargs='*',
472 help="Limit test cases to KEY=VALUE",
473 action='append', dest='testcases', default=[])
474 parser.add_argument('-d', '--debug', action='store_true',
475 help='debug output')
476 parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', default=True,
477 help='verbose output')
478 parser.add_argument('-q', '--quiet', dest='verbose', action='store_false',
479 help='non-verbose output')
480 parser.add_argument('-r', '--random', type=int, metavar='COUNT',
481 help='run a random sample of COUNT test cases',
482 default=0)
483 parser.add_argument('--shuffle', action='store_true',
484 help='Run test cases in random order')
485 parser.add_argument('--dry-run', action='store_true',
486 help="Don't run any tests, just generate list")
487 parser.add_argument('-D', '--devtype', metavar='TYPE',
488 help="Test only device types that implement TYPE")
489 parser.add_argument('-Q', '--quick', action='store_true', default=True,
490 help="Quick mode: skip test cases that are expected to fail")
491 parser.add_argument('-F', '--full', action='store_false', dest='quick',
492 help="Full mode: test cases that are expected to fail")
493 parser.add_argument('--strict', action='store_true', dest='strict',
494 help="Treat all warnings as fatal")
495 parser.add_argument('qemu', nargs='*', metavar='QEMU',
496 help='QEMU binary to run')
497 args = parser.parse_args()
498
499 if args.debug:
500 lvl = logging.DEBUG
501 elif args.verbose:
502 lvl = logging.INFO
503 else:
504 lvl = logging.WARN
505 logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=lvl, format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s')
506
507 fatal_failures = []
508 wl_stats = {}
509 skipped = 0
510 total = 0
511
512 tc = {}
513 dbg("testcases: %r", args.testcases)
514 if args.testcases:
515 for t in chain(*args.testcases):
516 for kv in t.split():
517 k, v = kv.split('=', 1)
518 tc[k] = v
519
520 if len(binariesToTest(args, tc)) == 0:
521 print("No QEMU binary found", file=sys.stderr)
522 parser.print_usage(sys.stderr)
523 return 1
524
525 for t in casesToTest(args, tc):
526 logger.info("running test case: %s", formatTestCase(t))
527 total += 1
528
529 expected_match = findExpectedResult(t)
530 if (args.quick and
531 (expected_match or
532 not getBinaryInfo(args, t['binary']).machineInfo(t['machine'])['runnable'])):
533 dbg("skipped: %s", formatTestCase(t))
534 skipped += 1
535 continue
536
537 if args.dry_run:
538 continue
539
540 try:
541 f = checkOneCase(args, t)
542 except KeyboardInterrupt:
543 break
544
545 if f:
546 i, wl = checkResultWhitelist(f)
547 dbg("testcase: %r, whitelist match: %r", t, wl)
548 wl_stats.setdefault(i, []).append(f)
549 level = wl.get('loglevel', logging.DEBUG)
550 logFailure(f, level)
551 if wl.get('fatal') or (args.strict and level >= logging.WARN):
552 fatal_failures.append(f)
553 else:
554 dbg("success: %s", formatTestCase(t))
555 if expected_match:
556 logger.warn("Didn't fail as expected: %s", formatTestCase(t))
557
558 logger.info("Total: %d test cases", total)
559 if skipped:
560 logger.info("Skipped %d test cases", skipped)
561
562 if args.debug:
563 stats = sorted([(len(wl_stats.get(i, [])), wl) for i, wl in
564 enumerate(ERROR_WHITELIST)], key=lambda x: x[0])
565 for count, wl in stats:
566 dbg("whitelist entry stats: %d: %r", count, wl)
567
568 if fatal_failures:
569 for f in fatal_failures:
570 t = f['testcase']
571 logger.error("Fatal failure: %s", formatTestCase(t))
572 logger.error("Fatal failures on some machine/device combinations")
573 return 1
574
575 if __name__ == '__main__':
576 sys.exit(main())