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1 //===-LTOCodeGenerator.cpp - LLVM Link Time Optimizer ---------------------===//
2 //
3 // The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file implements the Link Time Optimization library. This library is
11 // intended to be used by linker to optimize code at link time.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14
15 #include "llvm/LTO/LTOCodeGenerator.h"
16 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
17 #include "llvm/Analysis/Passes.h"
18 #include "llvm/Bitcode/ReaderWriter.h"
19 #include "llvm/CodeGen/RuntimeLibcalls.h"
20 #include "llvm/Config/config.h"
21 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
22 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
23 #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
24 #include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticInfo.h"
25 #include "llvm/IR/DiagnosticPrinter.h"
26 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/Mangler.h"
28 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
30 #include "llvm/InitializePasses.h"
31 #include "llvm/LTO/LTOModule.h"
32 #include "llvm/Linker/Linker.h"
33 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfo.h"
34 #include "llvm/MC/MCContext.h"
35 #include "llvm/MC/SubtargetFeature.h"
36 #include "llvm/PassManager.h"
37 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
38 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/FormattedStream.h"
40 #include "llvm/Support/Host.h"
41 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
42 #include "llvm/Support/Signals.h"
43 #include "llvm/Support/TargetRegistry.h"
44 #include "llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h"
45 #include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
46 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
47 #include "llvm/Target/TargetLibraryInfo.h"
48 #include "llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h"
49 #include "llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h"
50 #include "llvm/Target/TargetRegisterInfo.h"
51 #include "llvm/Target/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
52 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
53 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO/PassManagerBuilder.h"
54 #include "llvm/Transforms/ObjCARC.h"
55 #include <system_error>
56 using namespace llvm;
57
58 const char* LTOCodeGenerator::getVersionString() {
59 #ifdef LLVM_VERSION_INFO
60 return PACKAGE_NAME " version " PACKAGE_VERSION ", " LLVM_VERSION_INFO;
61 #else
62 return PACKAGE_NAME " version " PACKAGE_VERSION;
63 #endif
64 }
65
66 LTOCodeGenerator::LTOCodeGenerator()
67 : Context(getGlobalContext()), IRLinker(new Module("ld-temp.o", Context)) {
68 initialize();
69 }
70
71 LTOCodeGenerator::LTOCodeGenerator(std::unique_ptr<LLVMContext> Context)
72 : OwnedContext(std::move(Context)), Context(*OwnedContext),
73 IRLinker(new Module("ld-temp.o", *OwnedContext)) {
74 initialize();
75 }
76
77 void LTOCodeGenerator::initialize() {
78 TargetMach = nullptr;
79 EmitDwarfDebugInfo = false;
80 ScopeRestrictionsDone = false;
81 CodeModel = LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DEFAULT;
82 DiagHandler = nullptr;
83 DiagContext = nullptr;
84
85 initializeLTOPasses();
86 }
87
88 LTOCodeGenerator::~LTOCodeGenerator() {
89 delete TargetMach;
90 TargetMach = nullptr;
91
92 IRLinker.deleteModule();
93
94 for (std::vector<char *>::iterator I = CodegenOptions.begin(),
95 E = CodegenOptions.end();
96 I != E; ++I)
97 free(*I);
98 }
99
100 // Initialize LTO passes. Please keep this funciton in sync with
101 // PassManagerBuilder::populateLTOPassManager(), and make sure all LTO
102 // passes are initialized.
103 void LTOCodeGenerator::initializeLTOPasses() {
104 PassRegistry &R = *PassRegistry::getPassRegistry();
105
106 initializeInternalizePassPass(R);
107 initializeIPSCCPPass(R);
108 initializeGlobalOptPass(R);
109 initializeConstantMergePass(R);
110 initializeDAHPass(R);
111 initializeInstCombinerPass(R);
112 initializeSimpleInlinerPass(R);
113 initializePruneEHPass(R);
114 initializeGlobalDCEPass(R);
115 initializeArgPromotionPass(R);
116 initializeJumpThreadingPass(R);
117 initializeSROAPass(R);
118 initializeSROA_DTPass(R);
119 initializeSROA_SSAUpPass(R);
120 initializeFunctionAttrsPass(R);
121 initializeGlobalsModRefPass(R);
122 initializeLICMPass(R);
123 initializeMergedLoadStoreMotionPass(R);
124 initializeGVNPass(R);
125 initializeMemCpyOptPass(R);
126 initializeDCEPass(R);
127 initializeCFGSimplifyPassPass(R);
128 }
129
130 bool LTOCodeGenerator::addModule(LTOModule *mod) {
131 assert(&mod->getModule().getContext() == &Context &&
132 "Expected module in same context");
133
134 bool ret = IRLinker.linkInModule(&mod->getModule());
135
136 const std::vector<const char*> &undefs = mod->getAsmUndefinedRefs();
137 for (int i = 0, e = undefs.size(); i != e; ++i)
138 AsmUndefinedRefs[undefs[i]] = 1;
139
140 return !ret;
141 }
142
143 void LTOCodeGenerator::setTargetOptions(TargetOptions options) {
144 Options = options;
145 }
146
147 void LTOCodeGenerator::setDebugInfo(lto_debug_model debug) {
148 switch (debug) {
149 case LTO_DEBUG_MODEL_NONE:
150 EmitDwarfDebugInfo = false;
151 return;
152
153 case LTO_DEBUG_MODEL_DWARF:
154 EmitDwarfDebugInfo = true;
155 return;
156 }
157 llvm_unreachable("Unknown debug format!");
158 }
159
160 void LTOCodeGenerator::setCodePICModel(lto_codegen_model model) {
161 switch (model) {
162 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_STATIC:
163 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC:
164 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC_NO_PIC:
165 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DEFAULT:
166 CodeModel = model;
167 return;
168 }
169 llvm_unreachable("Unknown PIC model!");
170 }
171
172 bool LTOCodeGenerator::writeMergedModules(const char *path,
173 std::string &errMsg) {
174 if (!determineTarget(errMsg))
175 return false;
176
177 // mark which symbols can not be internalized
178 applyScopeRestrictions();
179
180 // create output file
181 std::error_code EC;
182 tool_output_file Out(path, EC, sys::fs::F_None);
183 if (EC) {
184 errMsg = "could not open bitcode file for writing: ";
185 errMsg += path;
186 return false;
187 }
188
189 // write bitcode to it
190 WriteBitcodeToFile(IRLinker.getModule(), Out.os());
191 Out.os().close();
192
193 if (Out.os().has_error()) {
194 errMsg = "could not write bitcode file: ";
195 errMsg += path;
196 Out.os().clear_error();
197 return false;
198 }
199
200 Out.keep();
201 return true;
202 }
203
204 bool LTOCodeGenerator::compile_to_file(const char** name,
205 bool disableOpt,
206 bool disableInline,
207 bool disableGVNLoadPRE,
208 bool disableVectorization,
209 std::string& errMsg) {
210 // make unique temp .o file to put generated object file
211 SmallString<128> Filename;
212 int FD;
213 std::error_code EC =
214 sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("lto-llvm", "o", FD, Filename);
215 if (EC) {
216 errMsg = EC.message();
217 return false;
218 }
219
220 // generate object file
221 tool_output_file objFile(Filename.c_str(), FD);
222
223 bool genResult =
224 generateObjectFile(objFile.os(), disableOpt, disableInline,
225 disableGVNLoadPRE, disableVectorization, errMsg);
226 objFile.os().close();
227 if (objFile.os().has_error()) {
228 objFile.os().clear_error();
229 sys::fs::remove(Twine(Filename));
230 return false;
231 }
232
233 objFile.keep();
234 if (!genResult) {
235 sys::fs::remove(Twine(Filename));
236 return false;
237 }
238
239 NativeObjectPath = Filename.c_str();
240 *name = NativeObjectPath.c_str();
241 return true;
242 }
243
244 const void* LTOCodeGenerator::compile(size_t* length,
245 bool disableOpt,
246 bool disableInline,
247 bool disableGVNLoadPRE,
248 bool disableVectorization,
249 std::string& errMsg) {
250 const char *name;
251 if (!compile_to_file(&name, disableOpt, disableInline, disableGVNLoadPRE,
252 disableVectorization, errMsg))
253 return nullptr;
254
255 // read .o file into memory buffer
256 ErrorOr<std::unique_ptr<MemoryBuffer>> BufferOrErr =
257 MemoryBuffer::getFile(name, -1, false);
258 if (std::error_code EC = BufferOrErr.getError()) {
259 errMsg = EC.message();
260 sys::fs::remove(NativeObjectPath);
261 return nullptr;
262 }
263 NativeObjectFile = std::move(*BufferOrErr);
264
265 // remove temp files
266 sys::fs::remove(NativeObjectPath);
267
268 // return buffer, unless error
269 if (!NativeObjectFile)
270 return nullptr;
271 *length = NativeObjectFile->getBufferSize();
272 return NativeObjectFile->getBufferStart();
273 }
274
275 bool LTOCodeGenerator::determineTarget(std::string &errMsg) {
276 if (TargetMach)
277 return true;
278
279 std::string TripleStr = IRLinker.getModule()->getTargetTriple();
280 if (TripleStr.empty())
281 TripleStr = sys::getDefaultTargetTriple();
282 llvm::Triple Triple(TripleStr);
283
284 // create target machine from info for merged modules
285 const Target *march = TargetRegistry::lookupTarget(TripleStr, errMsg);
286 if (!march)
287 return false;
288
289 // The relocation model is actually a static member of TargetMachine and
290 // needs to be set before the TargetMachine is instantiated.
291 Reloc::Model RelocModel = Reloc::Default;
292 switch (CodeModel) {
293 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_STATIC:
294 RelocModel = Reloc::Static;
295 break;
296 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC:
297 RelocModel = Reloc::PIC_;
298 break;
299 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DYNAMIC_NO_PIC:
300 RelocModel = Reloc::DynamicNoPIC;
301 break;
302 case LTO_CODEGEN_PIC_MODEL_DEFAULT:
303 // RelocModel is already the default, so leave it that way.
304 break;
305 }
306
307 // Construct LTOModule, hand over ownership of module and target. Use MAttr as
308 // the default set of features.
309 SubtargetFeatures Features(MAttr);
310 Features.getDefaultSubtargetFeatures(Triple);
311 std::string FeatureStr = Features.getString();
312 // Set a default CPU for Darwin triples.
313 if (MCpu.empty() && Triple.isOSDarwin()) {
314 if (Triple.getArch() == llvm::Triple::x86_64)
315 MCpu = "core2";
316 else if (Triple.getArch() == llvm::Triple::x86)
317 MCpu = "yonah";
318 else if (Triple.getArch() == llvm::Triple::aarch64)
319 MCpu = "cyclone";
320 }
321
322 TargetMach = march->createTargetMachine(TripleStr, MCpu, FeatureStr, Options,
323 RelocModel, CodeModel::Default,
324 CodeGenOpt::Aggressive);
325 return true;
326 }
327
328 void LTOCodeGenerator::
329 applyRestriction(GlobalValue &GV,
330 ArrayRef<StringRef> Libcalls,
331 std::vector<const char*> &MustPreserveList,
332 SmallPtrSetImpl<GlobalValue*> &AsmUsed,
333 Mangler &Mangler) {
334 // There are no restrictions to apply to declarations.
335 if (GV.isDeclaration())
336 return;
337
338 // There is nothing more restrictive than private linkage.
339 if (GV.hasPrivateLinkage())
340 return;
341
342 SmallString<64> Buffer;
343 TargetMach->getNameWithPrefix(Buffer, &GV, Mangler);
344
345 if (MustPreserveSymbols.count(Buffer))
346 MustPreserveList.push_back(GV.getName().data());
347 if (AsmUndefinedRefs.count(Buffer))
348 AsmUsed.insert(&GV);
349
350 // Conservatively append user-supplied runtime library functions to
351 // llvm.compiler.used. These could be internalized and deleted by
352 // optimizations like -globalopt, causing problems when later optimizations
353 // add new library calls (e.g., llvm.memset => memset and printf => puts).
354 // Leave it to the linker to remove any dead code (e.g. with -dead_strip).
355 if (isa<Function>(GV) &&
356 std::binary_search(Libcalls.begin(), Libcalls.end(), GV.getName()))
357 AsmUsed.insert(&GV);
358 }
359
360 static void findUsedValues(GlobalVariable *LLVMUsed,
361 SmallPtrSetImpl<GlobalValue*> &UsedValues) {
362 if (!LLVMUsed) return;
363
364 ConstantArray *Inits = cast<ConstantArray>(LLVMUsed->getInitializer());
365 for (unsigned i = 0, e = Inits->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i)
366 if (GlobalValue *GV =
367 dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(Inits->getOperand(i)->stripPointerCasts()))
368 UsedValues.insert(GV);
369 }
370
371 static void accumulateAndSortLibcalls(std::vector<StringRef> &Libcalls,
372 const TargetLibraryInfo& TLI,
373 const TargetLowering *Lowering)
374 {
375 // TargetLibraryInfo has info on C runtime library calls on the current
376 // target.
377 for (unsigned I = 0, E = static_cast<unsigned>(LibFunc::NumLibFuncs);
378 I != E; ++I) {
379 LibFunc::Func F = static_cast<LibFunc::Func>(I);
380 if (TLI.has(F))
381 Libcalls.push_back(TLI.getName(F));
382 }
383
384 // TargetLowering has info on library calls that CodeGen expects to be
385 // available, both from the C runtime and compiler-rt.
386 if (Lowering)
387 for (unsigned I = 0, E = static_cast<unsigned>(RTLIB::UNKNOWN_LIBCALL);
388 I != E; ++I)
389 if (const char *Name
390 = Lowering->getLibcallName(static_cast<RTLIB::Libcall>(I)))
391 Libcalls.push_back(Name);
392
393 array_pod_sort(Libcalls.begin(), Libcalls.end());
394 Libcalls.erase(std::unique(Libcalls.begin(), Libcalls.end()),
395 Libcalls.end());
396 }
397
398 void LTOCodeGenerator::applyScopeRestrictions() {
399 if (ScopeRestrictionsDone)
400 return;
401 Module *mergedModule = IRLinker.getModule();
402
403 // Start off with a verification pass.
404 PassManager passes;
405 passes.add(createVerifierPass());
406 passes.add(createDebugInfoVerifierPass());
407
408 // mark which symbols can not be internalized
409 Mangler Mangler(TargetMach->getSubtargetImpl()->getDataLayout());
410 std::vector<const char*> MustPreserveList;
411 SmallPtrSet<GlobalValue*, 8> AsmUsed;
412 std::vector<StringRef> Libcalls;
413 TargetLibraryInfo TLI(Triple(TargetMach->getTargetTriple()));
414 accumulateAndSortLibcalls(
415 Libcalls, TLI, TargetMach->getSubtargetImpl()->getTargetLowering());
416
417 for (Module::iterator f = mergedModule->begin(),
418 e = mergedModule->end(); f != e; ++f)
419 applyRestriction(*f, Libcalls, MustPreserveList, AsmUsed, Mangler);
420 for (Module::global_iterator v = mergedModule->global_begin(),
421 e = mergedModule->global_end(); v != e; ++v)
422 applyRestriction(*v, Libcalls, MustPreserveList, AsmUsed, Mangler);
423 for (Module::alias_iterator a = mergedModule->alias_begin(),
424 e = mergedModule->alias_end(); a != e; ++a)
425 applyRestriction(*a, Libcalls, MustPreserveList, AsmUsed, Mangler);
426
427 GlobalVariable *LLVMCompilerUsed =
428 mergedModule->getGlobalVariable("llvm.compiler.used");
429 findUsedValues(LLVMCompilerUsed, AsmUsed);
430 if (LLVMCompilerUsed)
431 LLVMCompilerUsed->eraseFromParent();
432
433 if (!AsmUsed.empty()) {
434 llvm::Type *i8PTy = llvm::Type::getInt8PtrTy(Context);
435 std::vector<Constant*> asmUsed2;
436 for (auto *GV : AsmUsed) {
437 Constant *c = ConstantExpr::getBitCast(GV, i8PTy);
438 asmUsed2.push_back(c);
439 }
440
441 llvm::ArrayType *ATy = llvm::ArrayType::get(i8PTy, asmUsed2.size());
442 LLVMCompilerUsed =
443 new llvm::GlobalVariable(*mergedModule, ATy, false,
444 llvm::GlobalValue::AppendingLinkage,
445 llvm::ConstantArray::get(ATy, asmUsed2),
446 "llvm.compiler.used");
447
448 LLVMCompilerUsed->setSection("llvm.metadata");
449 }
450
451 passes.add(createInternalizePass(MustPreserveList));
452
453 // apply scope restrictions
454 passes.run(*mergedModule);
455
456 ScopeRestrictionsDone = true;
457 }
458
459 /// Optimize merged modules using various IPO passes
460 bool LTOCodeGenerator::generateObjectFile(raw_ostream &out,
461 bool DisableOpt,
462 bool DisableInline,
463 bool DisableGVNLoadPRE,
464 bool DisableVectorization,
465 std::string &errMsg) {
466 if (!this->determineTarget(errMsg))
467 return false;
468
469 Module *mergedModule = IRLinker.getModule();
470
471 // Mark which symbols can not be internalized
472 this->applyScopeRestrictions();
473
474 // Instantiate the pass manager to organize the passes.
475 PassManager passes;
476
477 // Add an appropriate DataLayout instance for this module...
478 mergedModule->setDataLayout(TargetMach->getSubtargetImpl()->getDataLayout());
479
480 Triple TargetTriple(TargetMach->getTargetTriple());
481 PassManagerBuilder PMB;
482 PMB.DisableGVNLoadPRE = DisableGVNLoadPRE;
483 PMB.LoopVectorize = !DisableVectorization;
484 PMB.SLPVectorize = !DisableVectorization;
485 if (!DisableInline)
486 PMB.Inliner = createFunctionInliningPass();
487 PMB.LibraryInfo = new TargetLibraryInfo(TargetTriple);
488 if (DisableOpt)
489 PMB.OptLevel = 0;
490 PMB.VerifyInput = true;
491 PMB.VerifyOutput = true;
492
493 PMB.populateLTOPassManager(passes, TargetMach);
494
495 PassManager codeGenPasses;
496
497 codeGenPasses.add(new DataLayoutPass());
498
499 formatted_raw_ostream Out(out);
500
501 // If the bitcode files contain ARC code and were compiled with optimization,
502 // the ObjCARCContractPass must be run, so do it unconditionally here.
503 codeGenPasses.add(createObjCARCContractPass());
504
505 if (TargetMach->addPassesToEmitFile(codeGenPasses, Out,
506 TargetMachine::CGFT_ObjectFile)) {
507 errMsg = "target file type not supported";
508 return false;
509 }
510
511 // Run our queue of passes all at once now, efficiently.
512 passes.run(*mergedModule);
513
514 // Run the code generator, and write assembly file
515 codeGenPasses.run(*mergedModule);
516
517 return true;
518 }
519
520 /// setCodeGenDebugOptions - Set codegen debugging options to aid in debugging
521 /// LTO problems.
522 void LTOCodeGenerator::setCodeGenDebugOptions(const char *options) {
523 for (std::pair<StringRef, StringRef> o = getToken(options);
524 !o.first.empty(); o = getToken(o.second)) {
525 // ParseCommandLineOptions() expects argv[0] to be program name. Lazily add
526 // that.
527 if (CodegenOptions.empty())
528 CodegenOptions.push_back(strdup("libLLVMLTO"));
529 CodegenOptions.push_back(strdup(o.first.str().c_str()));
530 }
531 }
532
533 void LTOCodeGenerator::parseCodeGenDebugOptions() {
534 // if options were requested, set them
535 if (!CodegenOptions.empty())
536 cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(CodegenOptions.size(),
537 const_cast<char **>(&CodegenOptions[0]));
538 }
539
540 void LTOCodeGenerator::DiagnosticHandler(const DiagnosticInfo &DI,
541 void *Context) {
542 ((LTOCodeGenerator *)Context)->DiagnosticHandler2(DI);
543 }
544
545 void LTOCodeGenerator::DiagnosticHandler2(const DiagnosticInfo &DI) {
546 // Map the LLVM internal diagnostic severity to the LTO diagnostic severity.
547 lto_codegen_diagnostic_severity_t Severity;
548 switch (DI.getSeverity()) {
549 case DS_Error:
550 Severity = LTO_DS_ERROR;
551 break;
552 case DS_Warning:
553 Severity = LTO_DS_WARNING;
554 break;
555 case DS_Remark:
556 Severity = LTO_DS_REMARK;
557 break;
558 case DS_Note:
559 Severity = LTO_DS_NOTE;
560 break;
561 }
562 // Create the string that will be reported to the external diagnostic handler.
563 std::string MsgStorage;
564 raw_string_ostream Stream(MsgStorage);
565 DiagnosticPrinterRawOStream DP(Stream);
566 DI.print(DP);
567 Stream.flush();
568
569 // If this method has been called it means someone has set up an external
570 // diagnostic handler. Assert on that.
571 assert(DiagHandler && "Invalid diagnostic handler");
572 (*DiagHandler)(Severity, MsgStorage.c_str(), DiagContext);
573 }
574
575 void
576 LTOCodeGenerator::setDiagnosticHandler(lto_diagnostic_handler_t DiagHandler,
577 void *Ctxt) {
578 this->DiagHandler = DiagHandler;
579 this->DiagContext = Ctxt;
580 if (!DiagHandler)
581 return Context.setDiagnosticHandler(nullptr, nullptr);
582 // Register the LTOCodeGenerator stub in the LLVMContext to forward the
583 // diagnostic to the external DiagHandler.
584 Context.setDiagnosticHandler(LTOCodeGenerator::DiagnosticHandler, this,
585 /* RespectFilters */ true);
586 }