Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux

[mirror_ubuntu-bionic-kernel.git] / tools / perf / builtin-stat.c

/*
 * builtin-stat.c
 *
 * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
 * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
 *
 * Sample output:

   $ perf stat ./hackbench 10

  Time: 0.118

  Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':

       1708.761321 task-clock                #   11.037 CPUs utilized
            41,190 context-switches          #    0.024 M/sec
             6,735 CPU-migrations            #    0.004 M/sec
            17,318 page-faults               #    0.010 M/sec
     5,205,202,243 cycles                    #    3.046 GHz
     3,856,436,920 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   74.09% frontend cycles idle
     1,600,790,871 stalled-cycles-backend    #   30.75% backend  cycles idle
     2,603,501,247 instructions              #    0.50  insns per cycle
                                             #    1.48  stalled cycles per insn
       484,357,498 branches                  #  283.455 M/sec
         6,388,934 branch-misses             #    1.32% of all branches

        0.154822978  seconds time elapsed

 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
 *
 * Improvements and fixes by:
 *
 *   Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
 *   Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
 *   Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
 *   Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
 *   Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
 *   Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
 *
 * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
 */

#include "perf.h"
#include "builtin.h"
#include "util/cgroup.h"
#include "util/util.h"
#include "util/parse-options.h"
#include "util/parse-events.h"
#include "util/pmu.h"
#include "util/event.h"
#include "util/evlist.h"
#include "util/evsel.h"
#include "util/debug.h"
#include "util/color.h"
#include "util/stat.h"
#include "util/header.h"
#include "util/cpumap.h"
#include "util/thread.h"
#include "util/thread_map.h"

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <locale.h>

#define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR       " "
#define CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED      "<not supported>"
#define CNTR_NOT_COUNTED        "<not counted>"

static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv);
static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix);
static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix);
static void print_aggr(char *prefix);

/* Default events used for perf stat -T */
static const char *transaction_attrs = {
        "task-clock,"
        "{"
        "instructions,"
        "cycles,"
        "cpu/cycles-t/,"
        "cpu/tx-start/,"
        "cpu/el-start/,"
        "cpu/cycles-ct/"
        "}"
};

/* More limited version when the CPU does not have all events. */
static const char * transaction_limited_attrs = {
        "task-clock,"
        "{"
        "instructions,"
        "cycles,"
        "cpu/cycles-t/,"
        "cpu/tx-start/"
        "}"
};

static struct perf_evlist       *evsel_list;

static struct target target = {
        .uid    = UINT_MAX,
};

static int                      run_count                       =  1;
static bool                     no_inherit                      = false;
static bool                     scale                           =  true;
static enum aggr_mode           aggr_mode                       = AGGR_GLOBAL;
static volatile pid_t           child_pid                       = -1;
static bool                     null_run                        =  false;
static int                      detailed_run                    =  0;
static bool                     transaction_run;
static bool                     big_num                         =  true;
static int                      big_num_opt                     =  -1;
static const char               *csv_sep                        = NULL;
static bool                     csv_output                      = false;
static bool                     group                           = false;
static FILE                     *output                         = NULL;
static const char               *pre_cmd                        = NULL;
static const char               *post_cmd                       = NULL;
static bool                     sync_run                        = false;
static unsigned int             interval                        = 0;
static unsigned int             initial_delay                   = 0;
static unsigned int             unit_width                      = 4; /* strlen("unit") */
static bool                     forever                         = false;
static struct timespec          ref_time;
static struct cpu_map           *aggr_map;
static int                      (*aggr_get_id)(struct cpu_map *m, int cpu);

static volatile int done = 0;

static inline void diff_timespec(struct timespec *r, struct timespec *a,
                                 struct timespec *b)
{
        r->tv_sec = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
        if (a->tv_nsec < b->tv_nsec) {
                r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec + 1000000000L - b->tv_nsec;
                r->tv_sec--;
        } else {
                r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec - b->tv_nsec ;
        }
}

static inline struct cpu_map *perf_evsel__cpus(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        return (evsel->cpus && !target.cpu_list) ? evsel->cpus : evsel_list->cpus;
}

static inline int perf_evsel__nr_cpus(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        return perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->nr;
}

static void perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        int i;
        struct perf_stat *ps = evsel->priv;

        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                init_stats(&ps->res_stats[i]);

        perf_stat_evsel_id_init(evsel);
}

static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
        if (evsel->priv == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(evsel);
        return 0;
}

static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        zfree(&evsel->priv);
}

static int perf_evsel__alloc_prev_raw_counts(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        struct perf_counts *counts;

        counts = perf_counts__new(perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel));
        if (counts)
                evsel->prev_raw_counts = counts;

        return counts ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
}

static void perf_evsel__free_prev_raw_counts(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        perf_counts__delete(evsel->prev_raw_counts);
        evsel->prev_raw_counts = NULL;
}

static void perf_evlist__free_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist)
{
        struct perf_evsel *evsel;

        evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
                perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(evsel);
                perf_evsel__free_counts(evsel);
                perf_evsel__free_prev_raw_counts(evsel);
        }
}

static int perf_evlist__alloc_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist, bool alloc_raw)
{
        struct perf_evsel *evsel;

        evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
                if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(evsel) < 0 ||
                    perf_evsel__alloc_counts(evsel, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel)) < 0 ||
                    (alloc_raw && perf_evsel__alloc_prev_raw_counts(evsel) < 0))
                        goto out_free;
        }

        return 0;

out_free:
        perf_evlist__free_stats(evlist);
        return -1;
}

static void perf_stat__reset_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist)
{
        struct perf_evsel *evsel;

        evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
                perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(evsel);
                perf_evsel__reset_counts(evsel, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel));
        }

        perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats();
}

static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;

        if (scale)
                attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
                                    PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;

        attr->inherit = !no_inherit;

        if (target__has_cpu(&target))
                return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, perf_evsel__cpus(evsel));

        if (!target__has_task(&target) && perf_evsel__is_group_leader(evsel)) {
                attr->disabled = 1;
                if (!initial_delay)
                        attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
        }

        return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads);
}

/*
 * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
 */
static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
{
        if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
            perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
                return 1;

        return 0;
}

static void zero_per_pkg(struct perf_evsel *counter)
{
        if (counter->per_pkg_mask)
                memset(counter->per_pkg_mask, 0, MAX_NR_CPUS);
}

static int check_per_pkg(struct perf_evsel *counter, int cpu, bool *skip)
{
        unsigned long *mask = counter->per_pkg_mask;
        struct cpu_map *cpus = perf_evsel__cpus(counter);
        int s;

        *skip = false;

        if (!counter->per_pkg)
                return 0;

        if (cpu_map__empty(cpus))
                return 0;

        if (!mask) {
                mask = zalloc(MAX_NR_CPUS);
                if (!mask)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                counter->per_pkg_mask = mask;
        }

        s = cpu_map__get_socket(cpus, cpu);
        if (s < 0)
                return -1;

        *skip = test_and_set_bit(s, mask) == 1;
        return 0;
}

static int read_cb(struct perf_evsel *evsel, int cpu, int thread __maybe_unused,
                   struct perf_counts_values *count)
{
        struct perf_counts_values *aggr = &evsel->counts->aggr;
        static struct perf_counts_values zero;
        bool skip = false;

        if (check_per_pkg(evsel, cpu, &skip)) {
                pr_err("failed to read per-pkg counter\n");
                return -1;
        }

        if (skip)
                count = &zero;

        switch (aggr_mode) {
        case AGGR_CORE:
        case AGGR_SOCKET:
        case AGGR_NONE:
                if (!evsel->snapshot)
                        perf_evsel__compute_deltas(evsel, cpu, count);
                perf_counts_values__scale(count, scale, NULL);
                evsel->counts->cpu[cpu] = *count;
                if (aggr_mode == AGGR_NONE)
                        perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(evsel, count->values, cpu);
                break;
        case AGGR_GLOBAL:
                aggr->val += count->val;
                if (scale) {
                        aggr->ena += count->ena;
                        aggr->run += count->run;
                }
        default:
                break;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter);

/*
 * Read out the results of a single counter:
 * aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
 */
static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
{
        struct perf_counts_values *aggr = &counter->counts->aggr;
        struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
        u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
        int i;

        aggr->val = aggr->ena = aggr->run = 0;

        if (read_counter(counter))
                return -1;

        if (!counter->snapshot)
                perf_evsel__compute_deltas(counter, -1, aggr);
        perf_counts_values__scale(aggr, scale, &counter->counts->scaled);

        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);

        if (verbose) {
                fprintf(output, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
                        perf_evsel__name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
        }

        /*
         * Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
         */
        perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(counter, count, 0);

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Read out the results of a single counter:
 * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
 */
static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
{
        int nthreads = thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads);
        int ncpus = perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter);
        int cpu, thread;

        if (!counter->supported)
                return -ENOENT;

        if (counter->system_wide)
                nthreads = 1;

        if (counter->per_pkg)
                zero_per_pkg(counter);

        for (thread = 0; thread < nthreads; thread++) {
                for (cpu = 0; cpu < ncpus; cpu++) {
                        if (perf_evsel__read_cb(counter, cpu, thread, read_cb))
                                return -1;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static void print_interval(void)
{
        static int num_print_interval;
        struct perf_evsel *counter;
        struct perf_stat *ps;
        struct timespec ts, rs;
        char prefix[64];

        if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL) {
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                        ps = counter->priv;
                        memset(ps->res_stats, 0, sizeof(ps->res_stats));
                        read_counter_aggr(counter);
                }
        } else  {
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                        ps = counter->priv;
                        memset(ps->res_stats, 0, sizeof(ps->res_stats));
                        read_counter(counter);
                }
        }

        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
        diff_timespec(&rs, &ts, &ref_time);
        sprintf(prefix, "%6lu.%09lu%s", rs.tv_sec, rs.tv_nsec, csv_sep);

        if (num_print_interval == 0 && !csv_output) {
                switch (aggr_mode) {
                case AGGR_SOCKET:
                        fprintf(output, "#           time socket cpus             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
                        break;
                case AGGR_CORE:
                        fprintf(output, "#           time core         cpus             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
                        break;
                case AGGR_NONE:
                        fprintf(output, "#           time CPU                counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
                        break;
                case AGGR_GLOBAL:
                default:
                        fprintf(output, "#           time             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
                }
        }

        if (++num_print_interval == 25)
                num_print_interval = 0;

        switch (aggr_mode) {
        case AGGR_CORE:
        case AGGR_SOCKET:
                print_aggr(prefix);
                break;
        case AGGR_NONE:
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
                        print_counter(counter, prefix);
                break;
        case AGGR_GLOBAL:
        default:
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
                        print_counter_aggr(counter, prefix);
        }

        fflush(output);
}

static void handle_initial_delay(void)
{
        struct perf_evsel *counter;

        if (initial_delay) {
                const int ncpus = cpu_map__nr(evsel_list->cpus),
                        nthreads = thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads);

                usleep(initial_delay * 1000);
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
                        perf_evsel__enable(counter, ncpus, nthreads);
        }
}

static volatile int workload_exec_errno;

/*
 * perf_evlist__prepare_workload will send a SIGUSR1
 * if the fork fails, since we asked by setting its
 * want_signal to true.
 */
static void workload_exec_failed_signal(int signo __maybe_unused, siginfo_t *info,
                                        void *ucontext __maybe_unused)
{
        workload_exec_errno = info->si_value.sival_int;
}

static int __run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
{
        char msg[512];
        unsigned long long t0, t1;
        struct perf_evsel *counter;
        struct timespec ts;
        size_t l;
        int status = 0;
        const bool forks = (argc > 0);

        if (interval) {
                ts.tv_sec  = interval / 1000;
                ts.tv_nsec = (interval % 1000) * 1000000;
        } else {
                ts.tv_sec  = 1;
                ts.tv_nsec = 0;
        }

        if (forks) {
                if (perf_evlist__prepare_workload(evsel_list, &target, argv, false,
                                                  workload_exec_failed_signal) < 0) {
                        perror("failed to prepare workload");
                        return -1;
                }
                child_pid = evsel_list->workload.pid;
        }

        if (group)
                perf_evlist__set_leader(evsel_list);

        evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
                        /*
                         * PPC returns ENXIO for HW counters until 2.6.37
                         * (behavior changed with commit b0a873e).
                         */
                        if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOSYS ||
                            errno == ENOENT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP ||
                            errno == ENXIO) {
                                if (verbose)
                                        ui__warning("%s event is not supported by the kernel.\n",
                                                    perf_evsel__name(counter));
                                counter->supported = false;

                                if ((counter->leader != counter) ||
                                    !(counter->leader->nr_members > 1))
                                        continue;
                        }

                        perf_evsel__open_strerror(counter, &target,
                                                  errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
                        ui__error("%s\n", msg);

                        if (child_pid != -1)
                                kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);

                        return -1;
                }
                counter->supported = true;

                l = strlen(counter->unit);
                if (l > unit_width)
                        unit_width = l;
        }

        if (perf_evlist__apply_filters(evsel_list, &counter)) {
                error("failed to set filter \"%s\" on event %s with %d (%s)\n",
                        counter->filter, perf_evsel__name(counter), errno,
                        strerror_r(errno, msg, sizeof(msg)));
                return -1;
        }

        /*
         * Enable counters and exec the command:
         */
        t0 = rdclock();
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ref_time);

        if (forks) {
                perf_evlist__start_workload(evsel_list);
                handle_initial_delay();

                if (interval) {
                        while (!waitpid(child_pid, &status, WNOHANG)) {
                                nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
                                print_interval();
                        }
                }
                wait(&status);

                if (workload_exec_errno) {
                        const char *emsg = strerror_r(workload_exec_errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
                        pr_err("Workload failed: %s\n", emsg);
                        return -1;
                }

                if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
                        psignal(WTERMSIG(status), argv[0]);
        } else {
                handle_initial_delay();
                while (!done) {
                        nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
                        if (interval)
                                print_interval();
                }
        }

        t1 = rdclock();

        update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);

        if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL) {
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                        read_counter_aggr(counter);
                        perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter),
                                             thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads));
                }
        } else {
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                        read_counter(counter);
                        perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter), 1);
                }
        }

        return WEXITSTATUS(status);
}

static int run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
{
        int ret;

        if (pre_cmd) {
                ret = system(pre_cmd);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        if (sync_run)
                sync();

        ret = __run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
        if (ret)
                return ret;

        if (post_cmd) {
                ret = system(post_cmd);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }

        return ret;
}

static void print_running(u64 run, u64 ena)
{
        if (csv_output) {
                fprintf(output, "%s%" PRIu64 "%s%.2f",
                                        csv_sep,
                                        run,
                                        csv_sep,
                                        ena ? 100.0 * run / ena : 100.0);
        } else if (run != ena) {
                fprintf(output, "  (%.2f%%)", 100.0 * run / ena);
        }
}

static void print_noise_pct(double total, double avg)
{
        double pct = rel_stddev_stats(total, avg);

        if (csv_output)
                fprintf(output, "%s%.2f%%", csv_sep, pct);
        else if (pct)
                fprintf(output, "  ( +-%6.2f%% )", pct);
}

static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
{
        struct perf_stat *ps;

        if (run_count == 1)
                return;

        ps = evsel->priv;
        print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]), avg);
}

static void aggr_printout(struct perf_evsel *evsel, int id, int nr)
{
        switch (aggr_mode) {
        case AGGR_CORE:
                fprintf(output, "S%d-C%*d%s%*d%s",
                        cpu_map__id_to_socket(id),
                        csv_output ? 0 : -8,
                        cpu_map__id_to_cpu(id),
                        csv_sep,
                        csv_output ? 0 : 4,
                        nr,
                        csv_sep);
                break;
        case AGGR_SOCKET:
                fprintf(output, "S%*d%s%*d%s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : -5,
                        id,
                        csv_sep,
                        csv_output ? 0 : 4,
                        nr,
                        csv_sep);
                        break;
        case AGGR_NONE:
                fprintf(output, "CPU%*d%s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : -4,
                        perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->map[id], csv_sep);
                break;
        case AGGR_GLOBAL:
        default:
                break;
        }
}

static void nsec_printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
{
        double msecs = avg / 1e6;
        const char *fmt_v, *fmt_n;
        char name[25];

        fmt_v = csv_output ? "%.6f%s" : "%18.6f%s";
        fmt_n = csv_output ? "%s" : "%-25s";

        aggr_printout(evsel, id, nr);

        scnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%s",
                  perf_evsel__name(evsel), csv_output ? "" : " (msec)");

        fprintf(output, fmt_v, msecs, csv_sep);

        if (csv_output)
                fprintf(output, "%s%s", evsel->unit, csv_sep);
        else
                fprintf(output, "%-*s%s", unit_width, evsel->unit, csv_sep);

        fprintf(output, fmt_n, name);

        if (evsel->cgrp)
                fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

        if (csv_output || interval)
                return;

        if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
                fprintf(output, " # %8.3f CPUs utilized          ",
                        avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
        else
                fprintf(output, "                                   ");
}

static void abs_printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
{
        double sc =  evsel->scale;
        const char *fmt;
        int cpu = cpu_map__id_to_cpu(id);

        if (csv_output) {
                fmt = sc != 1.0 ?  "%.2f%s" : "%.0f%s";
        } else {
                if (big_num)
                        fmt = sc != 1.0 ? "%'18.2f%s" : "%'18.0f%s";
                else
                        fmt = sc != 1.0 ? "%18.2f%s" : "%18.0f%s";
        }

        aggr_printout(evsel, id, nr);

        if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL)
                cpu = 0;

        fprintf(output, fmt, avg, csv_sep);

        if (evsel->unit)
                fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
                        evsel->unit, csv_sep);

        fprintf(output, "%-*s", csv_output ? 0 : 25, perf_evsel__name(evsel));

        if (evsel->cgrp)
                fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);

        if (csv_output || interval)
                return;

        perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(output, evsel, avg, cpu, aggr_mode);
}

static void print_aggr(char *prefix)
{
        struct perf_evsel *counter;
        int cpu, cpu2, s, s2, id, nr;
        double uval;
        u64 ena, run, val;

        if (!(aggr_map || aggr_get_id))
                return;

        for (s = 0; s < aggr_map->nr; s++) {
                id = aggr_map->map[s];
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
                        val = ena = run = 0;
                        nr = 0;
                        for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
                                cpu2 = perf_evsel__cpus(counter)->map[cpu];
                                s2 = aggr_get_id(evsel_list->cpus, cpu2);
                                if (s2 != id)
                                        continue;
                                val += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
                                ena += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
                                run += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
                                nr++;
                        }
                        if (prefix)
                                fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);

                        if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
                                aggr_printout(counter, id, nr);

                                fprintf(output, "%*s%s",
                                        csv_output ? 0 : 18,
                                        counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                        csv_sep);

                                fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
                                        csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
                                        counter->unit, csv_sep);

                                fprintf(output, "%*s",
                                        csv_output ? 0 : -25,
                                        perf_evsel__name(counter));

                                if (counter->cgrp)
                                        fprintf(output, "%s%s",
                                                csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

                                print_running(run, ena);
                                fputc('\n', output);
                                continue;
                        }
                        uval = val * counter->scale;

                        if (nsec_counter(counter))
                                nsec_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);
                        else
                                abs_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);

                        if (!csv_output)
                                print_noise(counter, 1.0);

                        print_running(run, ena);
                        fputc('\n', output);
                }
        }
}

/*
 * Print out the results of a single counter:
 * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
 */
static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
{
        struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
        double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
        int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;
        double uval;
        double avg_enabled, avg_running;

        avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
        avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);

        if (prefix)
                fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);

        if (scaled == -1 || !counter->supported) {
                fprintf(output, "%*s%s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : 18,
                        counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                        csv_sep);
                fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
                        counter->unit, csv_sep);
                fprintf(output, "%*s",
                        csv_output ? 0 : -25,
                        perf_evsel__name(counter));

                if (counter->cgrp)
                        fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

                print_running(avg_running, avg_enabled);
                fputc('\n', output);
                return;
        }

        uval = avg * counter->scale;

        if (nsec_counter(counter))
                nsec_printout(-1, 0, counter, uval);
        else
                abs_printout(-1, 0, counter, uval);

        print_noise(counter, avg);

        print_running(avg_running, avg_enabled);
        fprintf(output, "\n");
}

/*
 * Print out the results of a single counter:
 * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
 */
static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
{
        u64 ena, run, val;
        double uval;
        int cpu;

        for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
                val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
                ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
                run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;

                if (prefix)
                        fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);

                if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
                        fprintf(output, "CPU%*d%s%*s%s",
                                csv_output ? 0 : -4,
                                perf_evsel__cpus(counter)->map[cpu], csv_sep,
                                csv_output ? 0 : 18,
                                counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
                                csv_sep);

                                fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
                                        csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
                                        counter->unit, csv_sep);

                                fprintf(output, "%*s",
                                        csv_output ? 0 : -25,
                                        perf_evsel__name(counter));

                        if (counter->cgrp)
                                fprintf(output, "%s%s",
                                        csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);

                        print_running(run, ena);
                        fputc('\n', output);
                        continue;
                }

                uval = val * counter->scale;

                if (nsec_counter(counter))
                        nsec_printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval);
                else
                        abs_printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval);

                if (!csv_output)
                        print_noise(counter, 1.0);
                print_running(run, ena);

                fputc('\n', output);
        }
}

static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
{
        struct perf_evsel *counter;
        int i;

        fflush(stdout);

        if (!csv_output) {
                fprintf(output, "\n");
                fprintf(output, " Performance counter stats for ");
                if (target.system_wide)
                        fprintf(output, "\'system wide");
                else if (target.cpu_list)
                        fprintf(output, "\'CPU(s) %s", target.cpu_list);
                else if (!target__has_task(&target)) {
                        fprintf(output, "\'%s", argv[0]);
                        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
                                fprintf(output, " %s", argv[i]);
                } else if (target.pid)
                        fprintf(output, "process id \'%s", target.pid);
                else
                        fprintf(output, "thread id \'%s", target.tid);

                fprintf(output, "\'");
                if (run_count > 1)
                        fprintf(output, " (%d runs)", run_count);
                fprintf(output, ":\n\n");
        }

        switch (aggr_mode) {
        case AGGR_CORE:
        case AGGR_SOCKET:
                print_aggr(NULL);
                break;
        case AGGR_GLOBAL:
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
                        print_counter_aggr(counter, NULL);
                break;
        case AGGR_NONE:
                evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
                        print_counter(counter, NULL);
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }

        if (!csv_output) {
                if (!null_run)
                        fprintf(output, "\n");
                fprintf(output, " %17.9f seconds time elapsed",
                                avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
                if (run_count > 1) {
                        fprintf(output, "                                        ");
                        print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats),
                                        avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
                }
                fprintf(output, "\n\n");
        }
}

static volatile int signr = -1;

static void skip_signal(int signo)
{
        if ((child_pid == -1) || interval)
                done = 1;

        signr = signo;
        /*
         * render child_pid harmless
         * won't send SIGTERM to a random
         * process in case of race condition
         * and fast PID recycling
         */
        child_pid = -1;
}

static void sig_atexit(void)
{
        sigset_t set, oset;

        /*
         * avoid race condition with SIGCHLD handler
         * in skip_signal() which is modifying child_pid
         * goal is to avoid send SIGTERM to a random
         * process
         */
        sigemptyset(&set);
        sigaddset(&set, SIGCHLD);
        sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);

        if (child_pid != -1)
                kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);

        sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, NULL);

        if (signr == -1)
                return;

        signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
        kill(getpid(), signr);
}

static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
                             const char *s __maybe_unused, int unset)
{
        big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
        return 0;
}

static int perf_stat_init_aggr_mode(void)
{
        switch (aggr_mode) {
        case AGGR_SOCKET:
                if (cpu_map__build_socket_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
                        perror("cannot build socket map");
                        return -1;
                }
                aggr_get_id = cpu_map__get_socket;
                break;
        case AGGR_CORE:
                if (cpu_map__build_core_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
                        perror("cannot build core map");
                        return -1;
                }
                aggr_get_id = cpu_map__get_core;
                break;
        case AGGR_NONE:
        case AGGR_GLOBAL:
        default:
                break;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
 * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
 */
static int add_default_attributes(void)
{
        struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK              },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES        },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS          },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS             },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES              },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND  },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS            },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS     },
  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES           },

};

/*
 * Detailed stats (-d), covering the L1 and last level data caches:
 */
        struct perf_event_attr detailed_attrs[] = {

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL                 <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL                 <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },
};

/*
 * Very detailed stats (-d -d), covering the instruction cache and the TLB caches:
 */
        struct perf_event_attr very_detailed_attrs[] = {

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB               <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB               <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB               <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB               <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ            <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },

};

/*
 * Very, very detailed stats (-d -d -d), adding prefetch events:
 */
        struct perf_event_attr very_very_detailed_attrs[] = {

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH        <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS      << 16)                          },

  { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
    .config =
         PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D                <<  0  |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH        <<  8) |
        (PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS        << 16)                          },
};

        /* Set attrs if no event is selected and !null_run: */
        if (null_run)
                return 0;

        if (transaction_run) {
                int err;
                if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "cycles-ct") &&
                    pmu_have_event("cpu", "el-start"))
                        err = parse_events(evsel_list, transaction_attrs, NULL);
                else
                        err = parse_events(evsel_list, transaction_limited_attrs, NULL);
                if (err) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot set up transaction events\n");
                        return -1;
                }
                return 0;
        }

        if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
                if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, default_attrs) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }

        /* Detailed events get appended to the event list: */

        if (detailed_run <  1)
                return 0;

        /* Append detailed run extra attributes: */
        if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, detailed_attrs) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (detailed_run < 2)
                return 0;

        /* Append very detailed run extra attributes: */
        if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_detailed_attrs) < 0)
                return -1;

        if (detailed_run < 3)
                return 0;

        /* Append very, very detailed run extra attributes: */
        return perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_very_detailed_attrs);
}

int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
{
        bool append_file = false;
        int output_fd = 0;
        const char *output_name = NULL;
        const struct option options[] = {
        OPT_BOOLEAN('T', "transaction", &transaction_run,
                    "hardware transaction statistics"),
        OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
                     "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
                     parse_events_option),
        OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
                     "event filter", parse_filter),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
                    "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
        OPT_STRING('p', "pid", &target.pid, "pid",
                   "stat events on existing process id"),
        OPT_STRING('t', "tid", &target.tid, "tid",
                   "stat events on existing thread id"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &target.system_wide,
                    "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('g', "group", &group,
                    "put the counters into a counter group"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale, "scale/normalize counters"),
        OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
                    "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
        OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
                    "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100, forever: 0)"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
                    "null run - dont start any counters"),
        OPT_INCR('d', "detailed", &detailed_run,
                    "detailed run - start a lot of events"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "sync", &sync_run,
                    "call sync() before starting a run"),
        OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
                           "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
                           stat__set_big_num),
        OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &target.cpu_list, "cpu",
                    "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
        OPT_SET_UINT('A', "no-aggr", &aggr_mode,
                    "disable CPU count aggregation", AGGR_NONE),
        OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
                   "print counts with custom separator"),
        OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
                     "monitor event in cgroup name only", parse_cgroups),
        OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output_name, "file", "output file name"),
        OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "append", &append_file, "append to the output file"),
        OPT_INTEGER(0, "log-fd", &output_fd,
                    "log output to fd, instead of stderr"),
        OPT_STRING(0, "pre", &pre_cmd, "command",
                        "command to run prior to the measured command"),
        OPT_STRING(0, "post", &post_cmd, "command",
                        "command to run after to the measured command"),
        OPT_UINTEGER('I', "interval-print", &interval,
                    "print counts at regular interval in ms (>= 100)"),
        OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-socket", &aggr_mode,
                     "aggregate counts per processor socket", AGGR_SOCKET),
        OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-core", &aggr_mode,
                     "aggregate counts per physical processor core", AGGR_CORE),
        OPT_UINTEGER('D', "delay", &initial_delay,
                     "ms to wait before starting measurement after program start"),
        OPT_END()
        };
        const char * const stat_usage[] = {
                "perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
                NULL
        };
        int status = -EINVAL, run_idx;
        const char *mode;

        setlocale(LC_ALL, "");

        evsel_list = perf_evlist__new();
        if (evsel_list == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;

        argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
                PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);

        output = stderr;
        if (output_name && strcmp(output_name, "-"))
                output = NULL;

        if (output_name && output_fd) {
                fprintf(stderr, "cannot use both --output and --log-fd\n");
                parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "o", 1);
                parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "log-fd", 0);
                goto out;
        }

        if (output_fd < 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "argument to --log-fd must be a > 0\n");
                parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "log-fd", 0);
                goto out;
        }

        if (!output) {
                struct timespec tm;
                mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";

                output = fopen(output_name, mode);
                if (!output) {
                        perror("failed to create output file");
                        return -1;
                }
                clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tm);
                fprintf(output, "# started on %s\n", ctime(&tm.tv_sec));
        } else if (output_fd > 0) {
                mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
                output = fdopen(output_fd, mode);
                if (!output) {
                        perror("Failed opening logfd");
                        return -errno;
                }
        }

        if (csv_sep) {
                csv_output = true;
                if (!strcmp(csv_sep, "\\t"))
                        csv_sep = "\t";
        } else
                csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;

        /*
         * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
         */
        if (csv_output) {
                /* User explicitly passed -B? */
                if (big_num_opt == 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
                        parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "B", 1);
                        parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "x", 1);
                        goto out;
                } else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
                        big_num = false;
        } else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
                big_num = false;

        if (!argc && target__none(&target))
                usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);

        if (run_count < 0) {
                pr_err("Run count must be a positive number\n");
                parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "r", 1);
                goto out;
        } else if (run_count == 0) {
                forever = true;
                run_count = 1;
        }

        /* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
        if ((aggr_mode != AGGR_GLOBAL || nr_cgroups) &&
            !target__has_cpu(&target)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
                        "modes only available in system-wide mode\n");

                parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "G", 1);
                parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "A", 1);
                parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "a", 1);
                goto out;
        }

        if (add_default_attributes())
                goto out;

        target__validate(&target);

        if (perf_evlist__create_maps(evsel_list, &target) < 0) {
                if (target__has_task(&target)) {
                        pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
                        parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "p", 1);
                        parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "t", 1);
                } else if (target__has_cpu(&target)) {
                        perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
                        parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "C", 1);
                        parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "a", 1);
                }
                goto out;
        }
        if (interval && interval < 100) {
                pr_err("print interval must be >= 100ms\n");
                parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "I", 1);
                goto out;
        }

        if (perf_evlist__alloc_stats(evsel_list, interval))
                goto out;

        if (perf_stat_init_aggr_mode())
                goto out;

        /*
         * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
         * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
         * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
         * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
         */
        atexit(sig_atexit);
        if (!forever)
                signal(SIGINT,  skip_signal);
        signal(SIGCHLD, skip_signal);
        signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
        signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);

        status = 0;
        for (run_idx = 0; forever || run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
                if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
                        fprintf(output, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n",
                                run_idx + 1);

                status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
                if (forever && status != -1) {
                        print_stat(argc, argv);
                        perf_stat__reset_stats(evsel_list);
                }
        }

        if (!forever && status != -1 && !interval)
                print_stat(argc, argv);

        perf_evlist__free_stats(evsel_list);
out:
        perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
        return status;
}