vl.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24 #include <stdlib.h>
  25 #include <stdio.h>
  26 #include <stdarg.h>
  27 #include <string.h>
  28 #include <ctype.h>
  29 #include <getopt.h>
  30 #include <inttypes.h>
  31 #include <unistd.h>
  32 #include <sys/mman.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <signal.h>
  35 #include <time.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <malloc.h>
  38 #include <termios.h>
  39 #include <sys/poll.h>
  40 #include <errno.h>
  41 #include <sys/wait.h>
  42 #include <pty.h>
  43
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/socket.h>
  46 #include <linux/if.h>
  47 #include <linux/if_tun.h>
  48
  49 #include "disas.h"
  50 #include "thunk.h"
  51
  52 #include "vl.h"
  53
  54 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifup"
  55
  56 //#define DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
  57
  58 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
  59 #define PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE (256 * 1024 * 1024)
  60 #else
  61 #define PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE (2047 * 1024 * 1024)
  62 #endif
  63
  64 #if defined (TARGET_I386)
  65 #elif defined (TARGET_PPC)
  66 //#define USE_OPEN_FIRMWARE
  67 #if !defined (USE_OPEN_FIRMWARE)
  68 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x01000000
  69 #define KERNEL_STACK_ADDR   0x01200000
  70 #else
  71 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x00000000
  72 #define KERNEL_STACK_ADDR   0x00400000
  73 #endif
  74 #endif
  75
  76 #define GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL 30
  77
  78 /* XXX: use a two level table to limit memory usage */
  79 #define MAX_IOPORTS 65536
  80
  81 const char *bios_dir = CONFIG_QEMU_SHAREDIR;
  82 char phys_ram_file[1024];
  83 CPUState *global_env;
  84 CPUState *cpu_single_env;
  85 void *ioport_opaque[MAX_IOPORTS];
  86 IOPortReadFunc *ioport_read_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
  87 IOPortWriteFunc *ioport_write_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
  88 BlockDriverState *bs_table[MAX_DISKS], *fd_table[MAX_FD];
  89 int vga_ram_size;
  90 static DisplayState display_state;
  91 int nographic;
  92 int term_inited;
  93 int64_t ticks_per_sec;
  94 int boot_device = 'c';
  95 static int ram_size;
  96 static char network_script[1024];
  97 int pit_min_timer_count = 0;
  98 int nb_nics;
  99 NetDriverState nd_table[MAX_NICS];
 100 SerialState *serial_console;
 101
 102 /***********************************************************/
 103 /* x86 io ports */
 104
 105 uint32_t default_ioport_readb(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 106 {
 107 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 108     fprintf(stderr, "inb: port=0x%04x\n", address);
 109 #endif
 110     return 0xff;
 111 }
 112
 113 void default_ioport_writeb(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 114 {
 115 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 116     fprintf(stderr, "outb: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
 117 #endif
 118 }
 119
 120 /* default is to make two byte accesses */
 121 uint32_t default_ioport_readw(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 122 {
 123     uint32_t data;
 124     data = ioport_read_table[0][address & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address);
 125     data |= ioport_read_table[0][(address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address + 1) << 8;
 126     return data;
 127 }
 128
 129 void default_ioport_writew(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 130 {
 131     ioport_write_table[0][address & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address, data & 0xff);
 132     ioport_write_table[0][(address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address + 1, (data >> 8) & 0xff);
 133 }
 134
 135 uint32_t default_ioport_readl(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 136 {
 137 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 138     fprintf(stderr, "inl: port=0x%04x\n", address);
 139 #endif
 140     return 0xffffffff;
 141 }
 142
 143 void default_ioport_writel(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 144 {
 145 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 146     fprintf(stderr, "outl: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
 147 #endif
 148 }
 149
 150 void init_ioports(void)
 151 {
 152     int i;
 153
 154     for(i = 0; i < MAX_IOPORTS; i++) {
 155         ioport_read_table[0][i] = default_ioport_readb;
 156         ioport_write_table[0][i] = default_ioport_writeb;
 157         ioport_read_table[1][i] = default_ioport_readw;
 158         ioport_write_table[1][i] = default_ioport_writew;
 159         ioport_read_table[2][i] = default_ioport_readl;
 160         ioport_write_table[2][i] = default_ioport_writel;
 161     }
 162 }
 163
 164 /* size is the word size in byte */
 165 int register_ioport_read(int start, int length, int size,
 166                          IOPortReadFunc *func, void *opaque)
 167 {
 168     int i, bsize;
 169
 170     if (size == 1) {
 171         bsize = 0;
 172     } else if (size == 2) {
 173         bsize = 1;
 174     } else if (size == 4) {
 175         bsize = 2;
 176     } else {
 177         hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid size");
 178         return -1;
 179     }
 180     for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
 181         ioport_read_table[bsize][i] = func;
 182         if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
 183             hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid opaque");
 184         ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
 185     }
 186     return 0;
 187 }
 188
 189 /* size is the word size in byte */
 190 int register_ioport_write(int start, int length, int size,
 191                           IOPortWriteFunc *func, void *opaque)
 192 {
 193     int i, bsize;
 194
 195     if (size == 1) {
 196         bsize = 0;
 197     } else if (size == 2) {
 198         bsize = 1;
 199     } else if (size == 4) {
 200         bsize = 2;
 201     } else {
 202         hw_error("register_ioport_write: invalid size");
 203         return -1;
 204     }
 205     for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
 206         ioport_write_table[bsize][i] = func;
 207         if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
 208             hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid opaque");
 209         ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
 210     }
 211     return 0;
 212 }
 213
 214 void pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str)
 215 {
 216     int c;
 217     char *q = buf;
 218
 219     if (buf_size <= 0)
 220         return;
 221
 222     for(;;) {
 223         c = *str++;
 224         if (c == 0 || q >= buf + buf_size - 1)
 225             break;
 226         *q++ = c;
 227     }
 228     *q = '\0';
 229 }
 230
 231 /* strcat and truncate. */
 232 char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
 233 {
 234     int len;
 235     len = strlen(buf);
 236     if (len < buf_size)
 237         pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
 238     return buf;
 239 }
 240
 241 /* return the size or -1 if error */
 242 int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
 243 {
 244     int fd, size;
 245     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 246     if (fd < 0)
 247         return -1;
 248     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
 249     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 250     if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
 251         close(fd);
 252         return -1;
 253     }
 254     close(fd);
 255     return size;
 256 }
 257
 258 void cpu_outb(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 259 {
 260     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 261     ioport_write_table[0][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 262 }
 263
 264 void cpu_outw(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 265 {
 266     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 267     ioport_write_table[1][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 268 }
 269
 270 void cpu_outl(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 271 {
 272     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 273     ioport_write_table[2][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 274 }
 275
 276 int cpu_inb(CPUState *env, int addr)
 277 {
 278     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 279     return ioport_read_table[0][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 280 }
 281
 282 int cpu_inw(CPUState *env, int addr)
 283 {
 284     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 285     return ioport_read_table[1][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 286 }
 287
 288 int cpu_inl(CPUState *env, int addr)
 289 {
 290     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 291     return ioport_read_table[2][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 292 }
 293
 294 /***********************************************************/
 295 void hw_error(const char *fmt, ...)
 296 {
 297     va_list ap;
 298
 299     va_start(ap, fmt);
 300     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: hardware error: ");
 301     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
 302     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 303 #ifdef TARGET_I386
 304     cpu_x86_dump_state(global_env, stderr, X86_DUMP_FPU | X86_DUMP_CCOP);
 305 #else
 306     cpu_dump_state(global_env, stderr, 0);
 307 #endif
 308     va_end(ap);
 309     abort();
 310 }
 311
 312 #if defined(__powerpc__)
 313
 314 static inline uint32_t get_tbl(void)
 315 {
 316     uint32_t tbl;
 317     asm volatile("mftb %0" : "=r" (tbl));
 318     return tbl;
 319 }
 320
 321 static inline uint32_t get_tbu(void)
 322 {
 323         uint32_t tbl;
 324         asm volatile("mftbu %0" : "=r" (tbl));
 325         return tbl;
 326 }
 327
 328 int64_t cpu_get_real_ticks(void)
 329 {
 330     uint32_t l, h, h1;
 331     /* NOTE: we test if wrapping has occurred */
 332     do {
 333         h = get_tbu();
 334         l = get_tbl();
 335         h1 = get_tbu();
 336     } while (h != h1);
 337     return ((int64_t)h << 32) | l;
 338 }
 339
 340 #elif defined(__i386__)
 341
 342 int64_t cpu_get_real_ticks(void)
 343 {
 344     int64_t val;
 345     asm("rdtsc" : "=A" (val));
 346     return val;
 347 }
 348
 349 #else
 350 #error unsupported CPU
 351 #endif
 352
 353 static int64_t cpu_ticks_offset;
 354 static int64_t cpu_ticks_last;
 355
 356 int64_t cpu_get_ticks(void)
 357 {
 358     return cpu_get_real_ticks() + cpu_ticks_offset;
 359 }
 360
 361 /* enable cpu_get_ticks() */
 362 void cpu_enable_ticks(void)
 363 {
 364     cpu_ticks_offset = cpu_ticks_last - cpu_get_real_ticks();
 365 }
 366
 367 /* disable cpu_get_ticks() : the clock is stopped. You must not call
 368    cpu_get_ticks() after that.  */
 369 void cpu_disable_ticks(void)
 370 {
 371     cpu_ticks_last = cpu_get_ticks();
 372 }
 373
 374 int64_t get_clock(void)
 375 {
 376     struct timeval tv;
 377     gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 378     return tv.tv_sec * 1000000LL + tv.tv_usec;
 379 }
 380
 381 void cpu_calibrate_ticks(void)
 382 {
 383     int64_t usec, ticks;
 384
 385     usec = get_clock();
 386     ticks = cpu_get_ticks();
 387     usleep(50 * 1000);
 388     usec = get_clock() - usec;
 389     ticks = cpu_get_ticks() - ticks;
 390     ticks_per_sec = (ticks * 1000000LL + (usec >> 1)) / usec;
 391 }
 392
 393 /* compute with 96 bit intermediate result: (a*b)/c */
 394 uint64_t muldiv64(uint64_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c)
 395 {
 396     union {
 397         uint64_t ll;
 398         struct {
 399 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 400             uint32_t high, low;
 401 #else
 402             uint32_t low, high;
 403 #endif
 404         } l;
 405     } u, res;
 406     uint64_t rl, rh;
 407
 408     u.ll = a;
 409     rl = (uint64_t)u.l.low * (uint64_t)b;
 410     rh = (uint64_t)u.l.high * (uint64_t)b;
 411     rh += (rl >> 32);
 412     res.l.high = rh / c;
 413     res.l.low = (((rh % c) << 32) + (rl & 0xffffffff)) / c;
 414     return res.ll;
 415 }
 416
 417 /***********************************************************/
 418 /* serial device */
 419
 420 int serial_open_device(void)
 421 {
 422     char slave_name[1024];
 423     int master_fd, slave_fd;
 424
 425     if (serial_console == NULL && nographic) {
 426         /* use console for serial port */
 427         return 0;
 428     } else {
 429         if (openpty(&master_fd, &slave_fd, slave_name, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
 430             fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not create pseudo terminal for serial port\n");
 431             return -1;
 432         }
 433         fprintf(stderr, "Serial port redirected to %s\n", slave_name);
 434         return master_fd;
 435     }
 436 }
 437
 438 /***********************************************************/
 439 /* Linux network device redirector */
 440
 441 static int tun_open(char *ifname, int ifname_size)
 442 {
 443     struct ifreq ifr;
 444     int fd, ret;
 445
 446     fd = open("/dev/net/tun", O_RDWR);
 447     if (fd < 0) {
 448         fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not open /dev/net/tun: no virtual network emulation\n");
 449         return -1;
 450     }
 451     memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
 452     ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TAP | IFF_NO_PI;
 453     pstrcpy(ifr.ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ, "tun%d");
 454     ret = ioctl(fd, TUNSETIFF, (void *) &ifr);
 455     if (ret != 0) {
 456         fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not configure /dev/net/tun: no virtual network emulation\n");
 457         close(fd);
 458         return -1;
 459     }
 460     printf("Connected to host network interface: %s\n", ifr.ifr_name);
 461     pstrcpy(ifname, ifname_size, ifr.ifr_name);
 462     fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
 463     return fd;
 464 }
 465
 466 static int net_init(void)
 467 {
 468     int pid, status, launch_script, i;
 469     NetDriverState *nd;
 470     char *args[MAX_NICS + 2];
 471     char **parg;
 472
 473     launch_script = 0;
 474     for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
 475         nd = &nd_table[i];
 476         if (nd->fd < 0) {
 477             nd->fd = tun_open(nd->ifname, sizeof(nd->ifname));
 478             if (nd->fd >= 0)
 479                 launch_script = 1;
 480         }
 481     }
 482
 483     if (launch_script) {
 484         /* try to launch network init script */
 485         pid = fork();
 486         if (pid >= 0) {
 487             if (pid == 0) {
 488                 parg = args;
 489                 *parg++ = network_script;
 490                 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
 491                     nd = &nd_table[i];
 492                     if (nd->fd >= 0) {
 493                         *parg++ = nd->ifname;
 494                     }
 495                 }
 496                 *parg++ = NULL;
 497                 execv(network_script, args);
 498                 exit(1);
 499             }
 500             while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid);
 501             if (!WIFEXITED(status) ||
 502                 WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
 503                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: could not launch network script\n",
 504                         network_script);
 505             }
 506         }
 507     }
 508     return 0;
 509 }
 510
 511 void net_send_packet(NetDriverState *nd, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 512 {
 513 #ifdef DEBUG_NE2000
 514     printf("NE2000: sending packet size=%d\n", size);
 515 #endif
 516     write(nd->fd, buf, size);
 517 }
 518
 519 /***********************************************************/
 520 /* dumb display */
 521
 522 /* init terminal so that we can grab keys */
 523 static struct termios oldtty;
 524
 525 static void term_exit(void)
 526 {
 527     tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
 528 }
 529
 530 static void term_init(void)
 531 {
 532     struct termios tty;
 533
 534     tcgetattr (0, &tty);
 535     oldtty = tty;
 536
 537     tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
 538                           |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
 539     tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
 540     tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
 541     /* if graphical mode, we allow Ctrl-C handling */
 542     if (nographic)
 543         tty.c_lflag &= ~ISIG;
 544     tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
 545     tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
 546     tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
 547     tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
 548
 549     tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
 550
 551     atexit(term_exit);
 552
 553     fcntl(0, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
 554 }
 555
 556 static void dumb_update(DisplayState *ds, int x, int y, int w, int h)
 557 {
 558 }
 559
 560 static void dumb_resize(DisplayState *ds, int w, int h)
 561 {
 562 }
 563
 564 static void dumb_refresh(DisplayState *ds)
 565 {
 566     vga_update_display();
 567 }
 568
 569 void dumb_display_init(DisplayState *ds)
 570 {
 571     ds->data = NULL;
 572     ds->linesize = 0;
 573     ds->depth = 0;
 574     ds->dpy_update = dumb_update;
 575     ds->dpy_resize = dumb_resize;
 576     ds->dpy_refresh = dumb_refresh;
 577 }
 578
 579 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
 580 /***********************************************************/
 581 /* cpu signal handler */
 582 static void host_segv_handler(int host_signum, siginfo_t *info,
 583                               void *puc)
 584 {
 585     if (cpu_signal_handler(host_signum, info, puc))
 586         return;
 587     term_exit();
 588     abort();
 589 }
 590 #endif
 591
 592 static int timer_irq_pending;
 593 static int timer_irq_count;
 594
 595 static int timer_ms;
 596 static int gui_refresh_pending, gui_refresh_count;
 597
 598 static void host_alarm_handler(int host_signum, siginfo_t *info,
 599                                void *puc)
 600 {
 601     /* NOTE: since usually the OS asks a 100 Hz clock, there can be
 602        some drift between cpu_get_ticks() and the interrupt time. So
 603        we queue some interrupts to avoid missing some */
 604     timer_irq_count += pit_get_out_edges(&pit_channels[0]);
 605     if (timer_irq_count) {
 606         if (timer_irq_count > 2)
 607             timer_irq_count = 2;
 608         timer_irq_count--;
 609         timer_irq_pending = 1;
 610     }
 611     gui_refresh_count += timer_ms;
 612     if (gui_refresh_count >= GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL) {
 613         gui_refresh_count = 0;
 614         gui_refresh_pending = 1;
 615     }
 616
 617     if (gui_refresh_pending || timer_irq_pending) {
 618         /* just exit from the cpu to have a chance to handle timers */
 619         cpu_interrupt(global_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
 620     }
 621 }
 622
 623 #define MAX_IO_HANDLERS 64
 624
 625 typedef struct IOHandlerRecord {
 626     int fd;
 627     IOCanRWHandler *fd_can_read;
 628     IOReadHandler *fd_read;
 629     void *opaque;
 630     /* temporary data */
 631     struct pollfd *ufd;
 632     int max_size;
 633 } IOHandlerRecord;
 634
 635 static IOHandlerRecord io_handlers[MAX_IO_HANDLERS];
 636 static int nb_io_handlers = 0;
 637
 638 int add_fd_read_handler(int fd, IOCanRWHandler *fd_can_read,
 639                         IOReadHandler *fd_read, void *opaque)
 640 {
 641     IOHandlerRecord *ioh;
 642
 643     if (nb_io_handlers >= MAX_IO_HANDLERS)
 644         return -1;
 645     ioh = &io_handlers[nb_io_handlers];
 646     ioh->fd = fd;
 647     ioh->fd_can_read = fd_can_read;
 648     ioh->fd_read = fd_read;
 649     ioh->opaque = opaque;
 650     nb_io_handlers++;
 651     return 0;
 652 }
 653
 654 /* main execution loop */
 655
 656 CPUState *cpu_gdbstub_get_env(void *opaque)
 657 {
 658     return global_env;
 659 }
 660
 661 int main_loop(void *opaque)
 662 {
 663     struct pollfd ufds[MAX_IO_HANDLERS + 1], *pf, *gdb_ufd;
 664     int ret, n, timeout, serial_ok, max_size, i;
 665     uint8_t buf[4096];
 666     IOHandlerRecord *ioh;
 667     CPUState *env = global_env;
 668
 669     if (!term_inited) {
 670         /* initialize terminal only there so that the user has a
 671            chance to stop QEMU with Ctrl-C before the gdb connection
 672            is launched */
 673         term_inited = 1;
 674         term_init();
 675     }
 676
 677     serial_ok = 1;
 678     cpu_enable_ticks();
 679     for(;;) {
 680 #if defined (DO_TB_FLUSH)
 681         tb_flush();
 682 #endif
 683         ret = cpu_exec(env);
 684         if (reset_requested) {
 685             ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
 686             break;
 687         }
 688         if (ret == EXCP_DEBUG) {
 689             ret = EXCP_DEBUG;
 690             break;
 691         }
 692         /* if hlt instruction, we wait until the next IRQ */
 693         if (ret == EXCP_HLT)
 694             timeout = 10;
 695         else
 696             timeout = 0;
 697
 698         /* poll any events */
 699         pf = ufds;
 700         ioh = io_handlers;
 701         for(i = 0; i < nb_io_handlers; i++) {
 702             max_size = ioh->fd_can_read(ioh->opaque);
 703             if (max_size > 0) {
 704                 if (max_size > sizeof(buf))
 705                     max_size = sizeof(buf);
 706                 pf->fd = ioh->fd;
 707                 pf->events = POLLIN;
 708                 ioh->ufd = pf;
 709                 pf++;
 710             } else {
 711                 ioh->ufd = NULL;
 712             }
 713             ioh->max_size = max_size;
 714             ioh++;
 715         }
 716
 717         gdb_ufd = NULL;
 718         if (gdbstub_fd > 0) {
 719             gdb_ufd = pf;
 720             pf->fd = gdbstub_fd;
 721             pf->events = POLLIN;
 722             pf++;
 723         }
 724
 725         ret = poll(ufds, pf - ufds, timeout);
 726         if (ret > 0) {
 727             ioh = io_handlers;
 728             for(i = 0; i < nb_io_handlers; i++) {
 729                 pf = ioh->ufd;
 730                 if (pf) {
 731                     n = read(ioh->fd, buf, ioh->max_size);
 732                     if (n > 0) {
 733                         ioh->fd_read(ioh->opaque, buf, n);
 734                     }
 735                 }
 736                 ioh++;
 737             }
 738             if (gdb_ufd && (gdb_ufd->revents & POLLIN)) {
 739                 uint8_t buf[1];
 740                 /* stop emulation if requested by gdb */
 741                 n = read(gdbstub_fd, buf, 1);
 742                 if (n == 1) {
 743                     ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
 744                     break;
 745                 }
 746             }
 747         }
 748
 749         /* timer IRQ */
 750         if (timer_irq_pending) {
 751 #if defined (TARGET_I386)
 752             pic_set_irq(0, 1);
 753             pic_set_irq(0, 0);
 754             timer_irq_pending = 0;
 755             rtc_timer();
 756 #endif
 757         }
 758         /* XXX: add explicit timer */
 759         SB16_run();
 760
 761         /* run dma transfers, if any */
 762         DMA_run();
 763
 764         /* VGA */
 765         if (gui_refresh_pending) {
 766             display_state.dpy_refresh(&display_state);
 767             gui_refresh_pending = 0;
 768         }
 769     }
 770     cpu_disable_ticks();
 771     return ret;
 772 }
 773
 774 void help(void)
 775 {
 776     printf("QEMU PC emulator version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard\n"
 777            "usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n"
 778            "\n"
 779            "'disk_image' is a raw hard image image for IDE hard disk 0\n"
 780            "\n"
 781            "Standard options:\n"
 782            "-fda/-fdb file  use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n"
 783            "-hda/-hdb file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n"
 784            "-hdc/-hdd file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n"
 785            "-cdrom file     use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n"
 786            "-boot [a|b|c|d] boot on floppy (a, b), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d)\n"
 787            "-snapshot       write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n"
 788            "-m megs         set virtual RAM size to megs MB\n"
 789            "-nographic      disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n"
 790            "\n"
 791            "Network options:\n"
 792            "-n script       set network init script [default=%s]\n"
 793            "-nics n         simulate 'n' network interfaces [default=1]\n"
 794            "-tun-fd fd0[,...] use these fds as already opened tap/tun interfaces\n"
 795            "\n"
 796            "Linux boot specific:\n"
 797            "-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n"
 798            "-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n"
 799            "-initrd file    use 'file' as initial ram disk\n"
 800            "\n"
 801            "Debug/Expert options:\n"
 802            "-s              wait gdb connection to port %d\n"
 803            "-p port         change gdb connection port\n"
 804            "-d              output log to %s\n"
 805            "-hdachs c,h,s   force hard disk 0 geometry (usually qemu can guess it)\n"
 806            "-L path         set the directory for the BIOS and VGA BIOS\n"
 807 #ifdef USE_CODE_COPY
 808            "-no-code-copy   disable code copy acceleration\n"
 809 #endif
 810
 811            "\n"
 812            "During emulation, use C-a h to get terminal commands:\n",
 813 #ifdef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
 814            "qemu",
 815 #else
 816            "qemu-fast",
 817 #endif
 818            DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT,
 819            DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT,
 820            "/tmp/qemu.log");
 821     term_print_help();
 822 #ifndef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
 823     printf("\n"
 824            "NOTE: this version of QEMU is faster but it needs slightly patched OSes to\n"
 825            "work. Please use the 'qemu' executable to have a more accurate (but slower)\n"
 826            "PC emulation.\n");
 827 #endif
 828     exit(1);
 829 }
 830
 831 struct option long_options[] = {
 832     { "initrd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 833     { "hda", 1, NULL, 0, },
 834     { "hdb", 1, NULL, 0, },
 835     { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 0, },
 836     { "hdachs", 1, NULL, 0, },
 837     { "nographic", 0, NULL, 0, },
 838     { "kernel", 1, NULL, 0, },
 839     { "append", 1, NULL, 0, },
 840     { "tun-fd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 841     { "hdc", 1, NULL, 0, },
 842     { "hdd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 843     { "cdrom", 1, NULL, 0, },
 844     { "boot", 1, NULL, 0, },
 845     { "fda", 1, NULL, 0, },
 846     { "fdb", 1, NULL, 0, },
 847     { "no-code-copy", 0, NULL, 0 },
 848     { "nics", 1, NULL, 0 },
 849     { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 },
 850 };
 851
 852 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 853 /* SDL use the pthreads and they modify sigaction. We don't
 854    want that. */
 855 #if __GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2)
 856 extern void __libc_sigaction();
 857 #define sigaction(sig, act, oact) __libc_sigaction(sig, act, oact)
 858 #else
 859 extern void __sigaction();
 860 #define sigaction(sig, act, oact) __sigaction(sig, act, oact)
 861 #endif
 862 #endif /* CONFIG_SDL */
 863
 864 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
 865
 866 /* this stack is only used during signal handling */
 867 #define SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE 32768
 868
 869 static uint8_t *signal_stack;
 870
 871 #endif
 872
 873 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 874 {
 875     int c, i, use_gdbstub, gdbstub_port, long_index, has_cdrom;
 876     int snapshot, linux_boot;
 877     struct sigaction act;
 878     struct itimerval itv;
 879     CPUState *env;
 880     const char *initrd_filename;
 881     const char *hd_filename[MAX_DISKS], *fd_filename[MAX_FD];
 882     const char *kernel_filename, *kernel_cmdline;
 883     DisplayState *ds = &display_state;
 884     int cyls, heads, secs;
 885
 886     /* we never want that malloc() uses mmap() */
 887     mallopt(M_MMAP_THRESHOLD, 4096 * 1024);
 888     initrd_filename = NULL;
 889     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++)
 890         fd_filename[i] = NULL;
 891     for(i = 0; i < MAX_DISKS; i++)
 892         hd_filename[i] = NULL;
 893     ram_size = 32 * 1024 * 1024;
 894     vga_ram_size = VGA_RAM_SIZE;
 895     pstrcpy(network_script, sizeof(network_script), DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT);
 896     use_gdbstub = 0;
 897     gdbstub_port = DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT;
 898     snapshot = 0;
 899     nographic = 0;
 900     kernel_filename = NULL;
 901     kernel_cmdline = "";
 902     has_cdrom = 1;
 903     cyls = heads = secs = 0;
 904
 905     nb_nics = 1;
 906     for(i = 0; i < MAX_NICS; i++) {
 907         NetDriverState *nd = &nd_table[i];
 908         nd->fd = -1;
 909         /* init virtual mac address */
 910         nd->macaddr[0] = 0x52;
 911         nd->macaddr[1] = 0x54;
 912         nd->macaddr[2] = 0x00;
 913         nd->macaddr[3] = 0x12;
 914         nd->macaddr[4] = 0x34;
 915         nd->macaddr[5] = 0x56 + i;
 916     }
 917
 918     for(;;) {
 919         c = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "hm:dn:sp:L:", long_options, &long_index);
 920         if (c == -1)
 921             break;
 922         switch(c) {
 923         case 0:
 924             switch(long_index) {
 925             case 0:
 926                 initrd_filename = optarg;
 927                 break;
 928             case 1:
 929                 hd_filename[0] = optarg;
 930                 break;
 931             case 2:
 932                 hd_filename[1] = optarg;
 933                 break;
 934             case 3:
 935                 snapshot = 1;
 936                 break;
 937             case 4:
 938                 {
 939                     const char *p;
 940                     p = optarg;
 941                     cyls = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 942                     if (*p != ',')
 943                         goto chs_fail;
 944                     p++;
 945                     heads = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 946                     if (*p != ',')
 947                         goto chs_fail;
 948                     p++;
 949                     secs = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 950                     if (*p != '\0') {
 951                     chs_fail:
 952                         cyls = 0;
 953                     }
 954                 }
 955                 break;
 956             case 5:
 957                 nographic = 1;
 958                 break;
 959             case 6:
 960                 kernel_filename = optarg;
 961                 break;
 962             case 7:
 963                 kernel_cmdline = optarg;
 964                 break;
 965             case 8:
 966                 {
 967                     const char *p;
 968                     int fd;
 969                     p = optarg;
 970                     nb_nics = 0;
 971                     for(;;) {
 972                         fd = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 973                         nd_table[nb_nics].fd = fd;
 974                         snprintf(nd_table[nb_nics].ifname,
 975                                  sizeof(nd_table[nb_nics].ifname),
 976                                  "fd%d", nb_nics);
 977                         nb_nics++;
 978                         if (*p == ',') {
 979                             p++;
 980                         } else if (*p != '\0') {
 981                             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid fd for network interface %d\n", nb_nics);
 982                             exit(1);
 983                         }
 984                     }
 985                 }
 986                 break;
 987             case 9:
 988                 hd_filename[2] = optarg;
 989                 has_cdrom = 0;
 990                 break;
 991             case 10:
 992                 hd_filename[3] = optarg;
 993                 break;
 994             case 11:
 995                 hd_filename[2] = optarg;
 996                 has_cdrom = 1;
 997                 break;
 998             case 12:
 999                 boot_device = optarg[0];
1000                 if (boot_device != 'a' && boot_device != 'b' &&
1001                     boot_device != 'c' && boot_device != 'd') {
1002                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid boot device '%c'\n", boot_device);
1003                     exit(1);
1004                 }
1005                 break;
1006             case 13:
1007                 fd_filename[0] = optarg;
1008                 break;
1009             case 14:
1010                 fd_filename[1] = optarg;
1011                 break;
1012             case 15:
1013                 code_copy_enabled = 0;
1014                 break;
1015             case 16:
1016                 nb_nics = atoi(optarg);
1017                 if (nb_nics < 1 || nb_nics > MAX_NICS) {
1018                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid number of network interfaces\n");
1019                     exit(1);
1020                 }
1021                 break;
1022             }
1023             break;
1024         case 'h':
1025             help();
1026             break;
1027         case 'm':
1028             ram_size = atoi(optarg) * 1024 * 1024;
1029             if (ram_size <= 0)
1030                 help();
1031             if (ram_size > PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE) {
1032                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: at most %d MB RAM can be simulated\n",
1033                         PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE / (1024 * 1024));
1034                 exit(1);
1035             }
1036             break;
1037         case 'd':
1038             cpu_set_log(CPU_LOG_ALL);
1039             break;
1040         case 'n':
1041             pstrcpy(network_script, sizeof(network_script), optarg);
1042             break;
1043         case 's':
1044             use_gdbstub = 1;
1045             break;
1046         case 'p':
1047             gdbstub_port = atoi(optarg);
1048             break;
1049         case 'L':
1050             bios_dir = optarg;
1051             break;
1052         }
1053     }
1054
1055     if (optind < argc) {
1056         hd_filename[0] = argv[optind++];
1057     }
1058
1059     linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
1060
1061     if (!linux_boot && hd_filename[0] == '\0' && hd_filename[2] == '\0' &&
1062         fd_filename[0] == '\0')
1063         help();
1064
1065     /* boot to cd by default if no hard disk */
1066     if (hd_filename[0] == '\0' && boot_device == 'c') {
1067         if (fd_filename[0] != '\0')
1068             boot_device = 'a';
1069         else
1070             boot_device = 'd';
1071     }
1072
1073 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
1074     /* must avoid mmap() usage of glibc by setting a buffer "by hand" */
1075     {
1076         static uint8_t stdout_buf[4096];
1077         setvbuf(stdout, stdout_buf, _IOLBF, sizeof(stdout_buf));
1078     }
1079 #else
1080     setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
1081 #endif
1082
1083     /* init host network redirectors */
1084     net_init();
1085
1086     /* init the memory */
1087     phys_ram_size = ram_size + vga_ram_size;
1088
1089 #ifdef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
1090     phys_ram_base = memalign(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, phys_ram_size);
1091     if (!phys_ram_base) {
1092         fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate physical memory\n");
1093         exit(1);
1094     }
1095 #else
1096     /* as we must map the same page at several addresses, we must use
1097        a fd */
1098     {
1099         const char *tmpdir;
1100
1101         tmpdir = getenv("QEMU_TMPDIR");
1102         if (!tmpdir)
1103             tmpdir = "/tmp";
1104         snprintf(phys_ram_file, sizeof(phys_ram_file), "%s/vlXXXXXX", tmpdir);
1105         if (mkstemp(phys_ram_file) < 0) {
1106             fprintf(stderr, "Could not create temporary memory file '%s'\n",
1107                     phys_ram_file);
1108             exit(1);
1109         }
1110         phys_ram_fd = open(phys_ram_file, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, 0600);
1111         if (phys_ram_fd < 0) {
1112             fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary memory file '%s'\n",
1113                     phys_ram_file);
1114             exit(1);
1115         }
1116         ftruncate(phys_ram_fd, phys_ram_size);
1117         unlink(phys_ram_file);
1118         phys_ram_base = mmap(get_mmap_addr(phys_ram_size),
1119                              phys_ram_size,
1120                              PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED | MAP_FIXED,
1121                              phys_ram_fd, 0);
1122         if (phys_ram_base == MAP_FAILED) {
1123             fprintf(stderr, "Could not map physical memory\n");
1124             exit(1);
1125         }
1126     }
1127 #endif
1128
1129     /* we always create the cdrom drive, even if no disk is there */
1130     if (has_cdrom) {
1131         bs_table[2] = bdrv_new("cdrom");
1132         bdrv_set_type_hint(bs_table[2], BDRV_TYPE_CDROM);
1133     }
1134
1135     /* open the virtual block devices */
1136     for(i = 0; i < MAX_DISKS; i++) {
1137         if (hd_filename[i]) {
1138             if (!bs_table[i]) {
1139                 char buf[64];
1140                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "hd%c", i + 'a');
1141                 bs_table[i] = bdrv_new(buf);
1142             }
1143             if (bdrv_open(bs_table[i], hd_filename[i], snapshot) < 0) {
1144                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open hard disk image '%s\n",
1145                         hd_filename[i]);
1146                 exit(1);
1147             }
1148             if (i == 0 && cyls != 0)
1149                 bdrv_set_geometry_hint(bs_table[i], cyls, heads, secs);
1150         }
1151     }
1152
1153     /* we always create at least one floppy disk */
1154     fd_table[0] = bdrv_new("fda");
1155     bdrv_set_type_hint(fd_table[0], BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
1156
1157     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1158         if (fd_filename[i]) {
1159             if (!fd_table[i]) {
1160                 char buf[64];
1161                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "fd%c", i + 'a');
1162                 fd_table[i] = bdrv_new(buf);
1163                 bdrv_set_type_hint(fd_table[i], BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
1164             }
1165             if (fd_filename[i] != '\0') {
1166                 if (bdrv_open(fd_table[i], fd_filename[i], snapshot) < 0) {
1167                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open floppy disk image '%s\n",
1168                             fd_filename[i]);
1169                     exit(1);
1170                 }
1171             }
1172         }
1173     }
1174
1175     /* init CPU state */
1176     env = cpu_init();
1177     global_env = env;
1178     cpu_single_env = env;
1179
1180     init_ioports();
1181     cpu_calibrate_ticks();
1182
1183     /* terminal init */
1184     if (nographic) {
1185         dumb_display_init(ds);
1186     } else {
1187 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
1188         sdl_display_init(ds);
1189 #else
1190         dumb_display_init(ds);
1191 #endif
1192     }
1193
1194 #if defined(TARGET_I386)
1195     pc_init(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device,
1196             ds, fd_filename, snapshot,
1197             kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline, initrd_filename);
1198 #elif defined(TARGET_PPC)
1199     ppc_init();
1200 #endif
1201
1202     /* launched after the device init so that it can display or not a
1203        banner */
1204     monitor_init();
1205
1206     /* setup cpu signal handlers for MMU / self modifying code handling */
1207 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
1208
1209 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1210     {
1211         stack_t stk;
1212         signal_stack = malloc(SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE);
1213         stk.ss_sp = signal_stack;
1214         stk.ss_size = SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE;
1215         stk.ss_flags = 0;
1216
1217         if (sigaltstack(&stk, NULL) < 0) {
1218             perror("sigaltstack");
1219             exit(1);
1220         }
1221     }
1222 #endif
1223
1224     sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
1225     act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
1226 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1227     act.sa_flags |= SA_ONSTACK;
1228 #endif
1229     act.sa_sigaction = host_segv_handler;
1230     sigaction(SIGSEGV, &act, NULL);
1231     sigaction(SIGBUS, &act, NULL);
1232 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1233     sigaction(SIGFPE, &act, NULL);
1234 #endif
1235 #endif
1236
1237     /* timer signal */
1238     sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
1239     act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
1240 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1241     act.sa_flags |= SA_ONSTACK;
1242 #endif
1243     act.sa_sigaction = host_alarm_handler;
1244     sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
1245
1246     itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
1247     itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 1000;
1248     itv.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
1249     itv.it_value.tv_usec = 10 * 1000;
1250     setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
1251     /* we probe the tick duration of the kernel to inform the user if
1252        the emulated kernel requested a too high timer frequency */
1253     getitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv);
1254     timer_ms = itv.it_interval.tv_usec / 1000;
1255     pit_min_timer_count = ((uint64_t)itv.it_interval.tv_usec * PIT_FREQ) /
1256         1000000;
1257
1258     if (use_gdbstub) {
1259         cpu_gdbstub(NULL, main_loop, gdbstub_port);
1260     } else {
1261         main_loop(NULL);
1262     }
1263     return 0;
1264 }