vl.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24 #include <stdlib.h>
  25 #include <stdio.h>
  26 #include <stdarg.h>
  27 #include <string.h>
  28 #include <ctype.h>
  29 #include <getopt.h>
  30 #include <inttypes.h>
  31 #include <unistd.h>
  32 #include <sys/mman.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <signal.h>
  35 #include <time.h>
  36 #include <sys/time.h>
  37 #include <malloc.h>
  38 #include <termios.h>
  39 #include <sys/poll.h>
  40 #include <errno.h>
  41 #include <sys/wait.h>
  42 #include <pty.h>
  43
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/socket.h>
  46 #include <linux/if.h>
  47 #include <linux/if_tun.h>
  48
  49 #include "disas.h"
  50
  51 #include "vl.h"
  52
  53 #define DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT "/etc/qemu-ifup"
  54
  55 //#define DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
  56
  57 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
  58 #define PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE (256 * 1024 * 1024)
  59 #else
  60 #define PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE (2047 * 1024 * 1024)
  61 #endif
  62
  63 #if defined (TARGET_I386)
  64 #elif defined (TARGET_PPC)
  65 //#define USE_OPEN_FIRMWARE
  66 #if !defined (USE_OPEN_FIRMWARE)
  67 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x01000000
  68 #define KERNEL_STACK_ADDR   0x01200000
  69 #else
  70 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR    0x00000000
  71 #define KERNEL_STACK_ADDR   0x00400000
  72 #endif
  73 #endif
  74
  75 #define GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL 30
  76
  77 /* XXX: use a two level table to limit memory usage */
  78 #define MAX_IOPORTS 65536
  79
  80 const char *bios_dir = CONFIG_QEMU_SHAREDIR;
  81 char phys_ram_file[1024];
  82 CPUState *global_env;
  83 CPUState *cpu_single_env;
  84 void *ioport_opaque[MAX_IOPORTS];
  85 IOPortReadFunc *ioport_read_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
  86 IOPortWriteFunc *ioport_write_table[3][MAX_IOPORTS];
  87 BlockDriverState *bs_table[MAX_DISKS], *fd_table[MAX_FD];
  88 int vga_ram_size;
  89 static DisplayState display_state;
  90 int nographic;
  91 int term_inited;
  92 int64_t ticks_per_sec;
  93 int boot_device = 'c';
  94 static int ram_size;
  95 static char network_script[1024];
  96 int pit_min_timer_count = 0;
  97 int nb_nics;
  98 NetDriverState nd_table[MAX_NICS];
  99 SerialState *serial_console;
 100
 101 /***********************************************************/
 102 /* x86 io ports */
 103
 104 uint32_t default_ioport_readb(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 105 {
 106 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 107     fprintf(stderr, "inb: port=0x%04x\n", address);
 108 #endif
 109     return 0xff;
 110 }
 111
 112 void default_ioport_writeb(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 113 {
 114 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 115     fprintf(stderr, "outb: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
 116 #endif
 117 }
 118
 119 /* default is to make two byte accesses */
 120 uint32_t default_ioport_readw(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 121 {
 122     uint32_t data;
 123     data = ioport_read_table[0][address & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address);
 124     data |= ioport_read_table[0][(address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address + 1) << 8;
 125     return data;
 126 }
 127
 128 void default_ioport_writew(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 129 {
 130     ioport_write_table[0][address & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address, data & 0xff);
 131     ioport_write_table[0][(address + 1) & (MAX_IOPORTS - 1)](opaque, address + 1, (data >> 8) & 0xff);
 132 }
 133
 134 uint32_t default_ioport_readl(void *opaque, uint32_t address)
 135 {
 136 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 137     fprintf(stderr, "inl: port=0x%04x\n", address);
 138 #endif
 139     return 0xffffffff;
 140 }
 141
 142 void default_ioport_writel(void *opaque, uint32_t address, uint32_t data)
 143 {
 144 #ifdef DEBUG_UNUSED_IOPORT
 145     fprintf(stderr, "outl: port=0x%04x data=0x%02x\n", address, data);
 146 #endif
 147 }
 148
 149 void init_ioports(void)
 150 {
 151     int i;
 152
 153     for(i = 0; i < MAX_IOPORTS; i++) {
 154         ioport_read_table[0][i] = default_ioport_readb;
 155         ioport_write_table[0][i] = default_ioport_writeb;
 156         ioport_read_table[1][i] = default_ioport_readw;
 157         ioport_write_table[1][i] = default_ioport_writew;
 158         ioport_read_table[2][i] = default_ioport_readl;
 159         ioport_write_table[2][i] = default_ioport_writel;
 160     }
 161 }
 162
 163 /* size is the word size in byte */
 164 int register_ioport_read(int start, int length, int size,
 165                          IOPortReadFunc *func, void *opaque)
 166 {
 167     int i, bsize;
 168
 169     if (size == 1) {
 170         bsize = 0;
 171     } else if (size == 2) {
 172         bsize = 1;
 173     } else if (size == 4) {
 174         bsize = 2;
 175     } else {
 176         hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid size");
 177         return -1;
 178     }
 179     for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
 180         ioport_read_table[bsize][i] = func;
 181         if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
 182             hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid opaque");
 183         ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
 184     }
 185     return 0;
 186 }
 187
 188 /* size is the word size in byte */
 189 int register_ioport_write(int start, int length, int size,
 190                           IOPortWriteFunc *func, void *opaque)
 191 {
 192     int i, bsize;
 193
 194     if (size == 1) {
 195         bsize = 0;
 196     } else if (size == 2) {
 197         bsize = 1;
 198     } else if (size == 4) {
 199         bsize = 2;
 200     } else {
 201         hw_error("register_ioport_write: invalid size");
 202         return -1;
 203     }
 204     for(i = start; i < start + length; i += size) {
 205         ioport_write_table[bsize][i] = func;
 206         if (ioport_opaque[i] != NULL && ioport_opaque[i] != opaque)
 207             hw_error("register_ioport_read: invalid opaque");
 208         ioport_opaque[i] = opaque;
 209     }
 210     return 0;
 211 }
 212
 213 void pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str)
 214 {
 215     int c;
 216     char *q = buf;
 217
 218     if (buf_size <= 0)
 219         return;
 220
 221     for(;;) {
 222         c = *str++;
 223         if (c == 0 || q >= buf + buf_size - 1)
 224             break;
 225         *q++ = c;
 226     }
 227     *q = '\0';
 228 }
 229
 230 /* strcat and truncate. */
 231 char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
 232 {
 233     int len;
 234     len = strlen(buf);
 235     if (len < buf_size)
 236         pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
 237     return buf;
 238 }
 239
 240 /* return the size or -1 if error */
 241 int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
 242 {
 243     int fd, size;
 244     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
 245     if (fd < 0)
 246         return -1;
 247     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
 248     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 249     if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
 250         close(fd);
 251         return -1;
 252     }
 253     close(fd);
 254     return size;
 255 }
 256
 257 void cpu_outb(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 258 {
 259     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 260     ioport_write_table[0][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 261 }
 262
 263 void cpu_outw(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 264 {
 265     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 266     ioport_write_table[1][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 267 }
 268
 269 void cpu_outl(CPUState *env, int addr, int val)
 270 {
 271     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 272     ioport_write_table[2][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr, val);
 273 }
 274
 275 int cpu_inb(CPUState *env, int addr)
 276 {
 277     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 278     return ioport_read_table[0][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 279 }
 280
 281 int cpu_inw(CPUState *env, int addr)
 282 {
 283     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 284     return ioport_read_table[1][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 285 }
 286
 287 int cpu_inl(CPUState *env, int addr)
 288 {
 289     addr &= (MAX_IOPORTS - 1);
 290     return ioport_read_table[2][addr](ioport_opaque[addr], addr);
 291 }
 292
 293 /***********************************************************/
 294 void hw_error(const char *fmt, ...)
 295 {
 296     va_list ap;
 297
 298     va_start(ap, fmt);
 299     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: hardware error: ");
 300     vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
 301     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 302 #ifdef TARGET_I386
 303     cpu_x86_dump_state(global_env, stderr, X86_DUMP_FPU | X86_DUMP_CCOP);
 304 #else
 305     cpu_dump_state(global_env, stderr, 0);
 306 #endif
 307     va_end(ap);
 308     abort();
 309 }
 310
 311 #if defined(__powerpc__)
 312
 313 static inline uint32_t get_tbl(void)
 314 {
 315     uint32_t tbl;
 316     asm volatile("mftb %0" : "=r" (tbl));
 317     return tbl;
 318 }
 319
 320 static inline uint32_t get_tbu(void)
 321 {
 322         uint32_t tbl;
 323         asm volatile("mftbu %0" : "=r" (tbl));
 324         return tbl;
 325 }
 326
 327 int64_t cpu_get_real_ticks(void)
 328 {
 329     uint32_t l, h, h1;
 330     /* NOTE: we test if wrapping has occurred */
 331     do {
 332         h = get_tbu();
 333         l = get_tbl();
 334         h1 = get_tbu();
 335     } while (h != h1);
 336     return ((int64_t)h << 32) | l;
 337 }
 338
 339 #elif defined(__i386__)
 340
 341 int64_t cpu_get_real_ticks(void)
 342 {
 343     int64_t val;
 344     asm("rdtsc" : "=A" (val));
 345     return val;
 346 }
 347
 348 #else
 349 #error unsupported CPU
 350 #endif
 351
 352 static int64_t cpu_ticks_offset;
 353 static int64_t cpu_ticks_last;
 354
 355 int64_t cpu_get_ticks(void)
 356 {
 357     return cpu_get_real_ticks() + cpu_ticks_offset;
 358 }
 359
 360 /* enable cpu_get_ticks() */
 361 void cpu_enable_ticks(void)
 362 {
 363     cpu_ticks_offset = cpu_ticks_last - cpu_get_real_ticks();
 364 }
 365
 366 /* disable cpu_get_ticks() : the clock is stopped. You must not call
 367    cpu_get_ticks() after that.  */
 368 void cpu_disable_ticks(void)
 369 {
 370     cpu_ticks_last = cpu_get_ticks();
 371 }
 372
 373 int64_t get_clock(void)
 374 {
 375     struct timeval tv;
 376     gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 377     return tv.tv_sec * 1000000LL + tv.tv_usec;
 378 }
 379
 380 void cpu_calibrate_ticks(void)
 381 {
 382     int64_t usec, ticks;
 383
 384     usec = get_clock();
 385     ticks = cpu_get_ticks();
 386     usleep(50 * 1000);
 387     usec = get_clock() - usec;
 388     ticks = cpu_get_ticks() - ticks;
 389     ticks_per_sec = (ticks * 1000000LL + (usec >> 1)) / usec;
 390 }
 391
 392 /* compute with 96 bit intermediate result: (a*b)/c */
 393 uint64_t muldiv64(uint64_t a, uint32_t b, uint32_t c)
 394 {
 395     union {
 396         uint64_t ll;
 397         struct {
 398 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 399             uint32_t high, low;
 400 #else
 401             uint32_t low, high;
 402 #endif
 403         } l;
 404     } u, res;
 405     uint64_t rl, rh;
 406
 407     u.ll = a;
 408     rl = (uint64_t)u.l.low * (uint64_t)b;
 409     rh = (uint64_t)u.l.high * (uint64_t)b;
 410     rh += (rl >> 32);
 411     res.l.high = rh / c;
 412     res.l.low = (((rh % c) << 32) + (rl & 0xffffffff)) / c;
 413     return res.ll;
 414 }
 415
 416 /***********************************************************/
 417 /* serial device */
 418
 419 int serial_open_device(void)
 420 {
 421     char slave_name[1024];
 422     int master_fd, slave_fd;
 423
 424     if (serial_console == NULL && nographic) {
 425         /* use console for serial port */
 426         return 0;
 427     } else {
 428         if (openpty(&master_fd, &slave_fd, slave_name, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
 429             fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not create pseudo terminal for serial port\n");
 430             return -1;
 431         }
 432         fprintf(stderr, "Serial port redirected to %s\n", slave_name);
 433         return master_fd;
 434     }
 435 }
 436
 437 /***********************************************************/
 438 /* Linux network device redirector */
 439
 440 static int tun_open(char *ifname, int ifname_size)
 441 {
 442     struct ifreq ifr;
 443     int fd, ret;
 444
 445     fd = open("/dev/net/tun", O_RDWR);
 446     if (fd < 0) {
 447         fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not open /dev/net/tun: no virtual network emulation\n");
 448         return -1;
 449     }
 450     memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
 451     ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TAP | IFF_NO_PI;
 452     pstrcpy(ifr.ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ, "tun%d");
 453     ret = ioctl(fd, TUNSETIFF, (void *) &ifr);
 454     if (ret != 0) {
 455         fprintf(stderr, "warning: could not configure /dev/net/tun: no virtual network emulation\n");
 456         close(fd);
 457         return -1;
 458     }
 459     printf("Connected to host network interface: %s\n", ifr.ifr_name);
 460     pstrcpy(ifname, ifname_size, ifr.ifr_name);
 461     fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
 462     return fd;
 463 }
 464
 465 static int net_init(void)
 466 {
 467     int pid, status, launch_script, i;
 468     NetDriverState *nd;
 469     char *args[MAX_NICS + 2];
 470     char **parg;
 471
 472     launch_script = 0;
 473     for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
 474         nd = &nd_table[i];
 475         if (nd->fd < 0) {
 476             nd->fd = tun_open(nd->ifname, sizeof(nd->ifname));
 477             if (nd->fd >= 0)
 478                 launch_script = 1;
 479         }
 480     }
 481
 482     if (launch_script) {
 483         /* try to launch network init script */
 484         pid = fork();
 485         if (pid >= 0) {
 486             if (pid == 0) {
 487                 parg = args;
 488                 *parg++ = network_script;
 489                 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
 490                     nd = &nd_table[i];
 491                     if (nd->fd >= 0) {
 492                         *parg++ = nd->ifname;
 493                     }
 494                 }
 495                 *parg++ = NULL;
 496                 execv(network_script, args);
 497                 exit(1);
 498             }
 499             while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid);
 500             if (!WIFEXITED(status) ||
 501                 WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
 502                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: could not launch network script\n",
 503                         network_script);
 504             }
 505         }
 506     }
 507     return 0;
 508 }
 509
 510 void net_send_packet(NetDriverState *nd, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 511 {
 512 #ifdef DEBUG_NE2000
 513     printf("NE2000: sending packet size=%d\n", size);
 514 #endif
 515     write(nd->fd, buf, size);
 516 }
 517
 518 /***********************************************************/
 519 /* dumb display */
 520
 521 /* init terminal so that we can grab keys */
 522 static struct termios oldtty;
 523
 524 static void term_exit(void)
 525 {
 526     tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
 527 }
 528
 529 static void term_init(void)
 530 {
 531     struct termios tty;
 532
 533     tcgetattr (0, &tty);
 534     oldtty = tty;
 535
 536     tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
 537                           |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
 538     tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
 539     tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
 540     /* if graphical mode, we allow Ctrl-C handling */
 541     if (nographic)
 542         tty.c_lflag &= ~ISIG;
 543     tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
 544     tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
 545     tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
 546     tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
 547
 548     tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
 549
 550     atexit(term_exit);
 551
 552     fcntl(0, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
 553 }
 554
 555 static void dumb_update(DisplayState *ds, int x, int y, int w, int h)
 556 {
 557 }
 558
 559 static void dumb_resize(DisplayState *ds, int w, int h)
 560 {
 561 }
 562
 563 static void dumb_refresh(DisplayState *ds)
 564 {
 565     vga_update_display();
 566 }
 567
 568 void dumb_display_init(DisplayState *ds)
 569 {
 570     ds->data = NULL;
 571     ds->linesize = 0;
 572     ds->depth = 0;
 573     ds->dpy_update = dumb_update;
 574     ds->dpy_resize = dumb_resize;
 575     ds->dpy_refresh = dumb_refresh;
 576 }
 577
 578 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
 579 /***********************************************************/
 580 /* cpu signal handler */
 581 static void host_segv_handler(int host_signum, siginfo_t *info,
 582                               void *puc)
 583 {
 584     if (cpu_signal_handler(host_signum, info, puc))
 585         return;
 586     term_exit();
 587     abort();
 588 }
 589 #endif
 590
 591 static int timer_irq_pending;
 592 static int timer_irq_count;
 593
 594 static int timer_ms;
 595 static int gui_refresh_pending, gui_refresh_count;
 596
 597 static void host_alarm_handler(int host_signum, siginfo_t *info,
 598                                void *puc)
 599 {
 600     /* NOTE: since usually the OS asks a 100 Hz clock, there can be
 601        some drift between cpu_get_ticks() and the interrupt time. So
 602        we queue some interrupts to avoid missing some */
 603     timer_irq_count += pit_get_out_edges(&pit_channels[0]);
 604     if (timer_irq_count) {
 605         if (timer_irq_count > 2)
 606             timer_irq_count = 2;
 607         timer_irq_count--;
 608         timer_irq_pending = 1;
 609     }
 610     gui_refresh_count += timer_ms;
 611     if (gui_refresh_count >= GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL) {
 612         gui_refresh_count = 0;
 613         gui_refresh_pending = 1;
 614     }
 615
 616     if (gui_refresh_pending || timer_irq_pending) {
 617         /* just exit from the cpu to have a chance to handle timers */
 618         cpu_interrupt(global_env, CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT);
 619     }
 620 }
 621
 622 #define MAX_IO_HANDLERS 64
 623
 624 typedef struct IOHandlerRecord {
 625     int fd;
 626     IOCanRWHandler *fd_can_read;
 627     IOReadHandler *fd_read;
 628     void *opaque;
 629     /* temporary data */
 630     struct pollfd *ufd;
 631     int max_size;
 632 } IOHandlerRecord;
 633
 634 static IOHandlerRecord io_handlers[MAX_IO_HANDLERS];
 635 static int nb_io_handlers = 0;
 636
 637 int add_fd_read_handler(int fd, IOCanRWHandler *fd_can_read,
 638                         IOReadHandler *fd_read, void *opaque)
 639 {
 640     IOHandlerRecord *ioh;
 641
 642     if (nb_io_handlers >= MAX_IO_HANDLERS)
 643         return -1;
 644     ioh = &io_handlers[nb_io_handlers];
 645     ioh->fd = fd;
 646     ioh->fd_can_read = fd_can_read;
 647     ioh->fd_read = fd_read;
 648     ioh->opaque = opaque;
 649     nb_io_handlers++;
 650     return 0;
 651 }
 652
 653 /* main execution loop */
 654
 655 CPUState *cpu_gdbstub_get_env(void *opaque)
 656 {
 657     return global_env;
 658 }
 659
 660 int main_loop(void *opaque)
 661 {
 662     struct pollfd ufds[MAX_IO_HANDLERS + 1], *pf, *gdb_ufd;
 663     int ret, n, timeout, serial_ok, max_size, i;
 664     uint8_t buf[4096];
 665     IOHandlerRecord *ioh;
 666     CPUState *env = global_env;
 667
 668     if (!term_inited) {
 669         /* initialize terminal only there so that the user has a
 670            chance to stop QEMU with Ctrl-C before the gdb connection
 671            is launched */
 672         term_inited = 1;
 673         term_init();
 674     }
 675
 676     serial_ok = 1;
 677     cpu_enable_ticks();
 678     for(;;) {
 679 #if defined (DO_TB_FLUSH)
 680         tb_flush();
 681 #endif
 682         ret = cpu_exec(env);
 683         if (reset_requested) {
 684             ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
 685             break;
 686         }
 687         if (ret == EXCP_DEBUG) {
 688             ret = EXCP_DEBUG;
 689             break;
 690         }
 691         /* if hlt instruction, we wait until the next IRQ */
 692         if (ret == EXCP_HLT)
 693             timeout = 10;
 694         else
 695             timeout = 0;
 696
 697         /* poll any events */
 698         pf = ufds;
 699         ioh = io_handlers;
 700         for(i = 0; i < nb_io_handlers; i++) {
 701             max_size = ioh->fd_can_read(ioh->opaque);
 702             if (max_size > 0) {
 703                 if (max_size > sizeof(buf))
 704                     max_size = sizeof(buf);
 705                 pf->fd = ioh->fd;
 706                 pf->events = POLLIN;
 707                 ioh->ufd = pf;
 708                 pf++;
 709             } else {
 710                 ioh->ufd = NULL;
 711             }
 712             ioh->max_size = max_size;
 713             ioh++;
 714         }
 715
 716         gdb_ufd = NULL;
 717         if (gdbstub_fd > 0) {
 718             gdb_ufd = pf;
 719             pf->fd = gdbstub_fd;
 720             pf->events = POLLIN;
 721             pf++;
 722         }
 723
 724         ret = poll(ufds, pf - ufds, timeout);
 725         if (ret > 0) {
 726             ioh = io_handlers;
 727             for(i = 0; i < nb_io_handlers; i++) {
 728                 pf = ioh->ufd;
 729                 if (pf) {
 730                     n = read(ioh->fd, buf, ioh->max_size);
 731                     if (n > 0) {
 732                         ioh->fd_read(ioh->opaque, buf, n);
 733                     }
 734                 }
 735                 ioh++;
 736             }
 737             if (gdb_ufd && (gdb_ufd->revents & POLLIN)) {
 738                 uint8_t buf[1];
 739                 /* stop emulation if requested by gdb */
 740                 n = read(gdbstub_fd, buf, 1);
 741                 if (n == 1) {
 742                     ret = EXCP_INTERRUPT;
 743                     break;
 744                 }
 745             }
 746         }
 747
 748         /* timer IRQ */
 749         if (timer_irq_pending) {
 750 #if defined (TARGET_I386)
 751             pic_set_irq(0, 1);
 752             pic_set_irq(0, 0);
 753             timer_irq_pending = 0;
 754             rtc_timer();
 755 #endif
 756         }
 757         /* XXX: add explicit timer */
 758         SB16_run();
 759
 760         /* run dma transfers, if any */
 761         DMA_run();
 762
 763         /* VGA */
 764         if (gui_refresh_pending) {
 765             display_state.dpy_refresh(&display_state);
 766             gui_refresh_pending = 0;
 767         }
 768     }
 769     cpu_disable_ticks();
 770     return ret;
 771 }
 772
 773 void help(void)
 774 {
 775     printf("QEMU PC emulator version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard\n"
 776            "usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n"
 777            "\n"
 778            "'disk_image' is a raw hard image image for IDE hard disk 0\n"
 779            "\n"
 780            "Standard options:\n"
 781            "-fda/-fdb file  use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n"
 782            "-hda/-hdb file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n"
 783            "-hdc/-hdd file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n"
 784            "-cdrom file     use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n"
 785            "-boot [a|b|c|d] boot on floppy (a, b), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d)\n"
 786            "-snapshot       write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n"
 787            "-m megs         set virtual RAM size to megs MB\n"
 788            "-nographic      disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n"
 789            "\n"
 790            "Network options:\n"
 791            "-n script       set network init script [default=%s]\n"
 792            "-nics n         simulate 'n' network interfaces [default=1]\n"
 793            "-tun-fd fd0[,...] use these fds as already opened tap/tun interfaces\n"
 794            "\n"
 795            "Linux boot specific:\n"
 796            "-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n"
 797            "-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n"
 798            "-initrd file    use 'file' as initial ram disk\n"
 799            "\n"
 800            "Debug/Expert options:\n"
 801            "-s              wait gdb connection to port %d\n"
 802            "-p port         change gdb connection port\n"
 803            "-d item1,...    output log to %s (use -d ? for a list of log items)\n"
 804            "-hdachs c,h,s   force hard disk 0 geometry (usually qemu can guess it)\n"
 805            "-L path         set the directory for the BIOS and VGA BIOS\n"
 806 #ifdef USE_CODE_COPY
 807            "-no-code-copy   disable code copy acceleration\n"
 808 #endif
 809
 810            "\n"
 811            "During emulation, use C-a h to get terminal commands:\n",
 812 #ifdef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
 813            "qemu",
 814 #else
 815            "qemu-fast",
 816 #endif
 817            DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT,
 818            DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT,
 819            "/tmp/qemu.log");
 820     term_print_help();
 821 #ifndef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
 822     printf("\n"
 823            "NOTE: this version of QEMU is faster but it needs slightly patched OSes to\n"
 824            "work. Please use the 'qemu' executable to have a more accurate (but slower)\n"
 825            "PC emulation.\n");
 826 #endif
 827     exit(1);
 828 }
 829
 830 struct option long_options[] = {
 831     { "initrd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 832     { "hda", 1, NULL, 0, },
 833     { "hdb", 1, NULL, 0, },
 834     { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 0, },
 835     { "hdachs", 1, NULL, 0, },
 836     { "nographic", 0, NULL, 0, },
 837     { "kernel", 1, NULL, 0, },
 838     { "append", 1, NULL, 0, },
 839     { "tun-fd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 840     { "hdc", 1, NULL, 0, },
 841     { "hdd", 1, NULL, 0, },
 842     { "cdrom", 1, NULL, 0, },
 843     { "boot", 1, NULL, 0, },
 844     { "fda", 1, NULL, 0, },
 845     { "fdb", 1, NULL, 0, },
 846     { "no-code-copy", 0, NULL, 0 },
 847     { "nics", 1, NULL, 0 },
 848     { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 },
 849 };
 850
 851 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 852 /* SDL use the pthreads and they modify sigaction. We don't
 853    want that. */
 854 #if __GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 2)
 855 extern void __libc_sigaction();
 856 #define sigaction(sig, act, oact) __libc_sigaction(sig, act, oact)
 857 #else
 858 extern void __sigaction();
 859 #define sigaction(sig, act, oact) __sigaction(sig, act, oact)
 860 #endif
 861 #endif /* CONFIG_SDL */
 862
 863 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
 864
 865 /* this stack is only used during signal handling */
 866 #define SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE 32768
 867
 868 static uint8_t *signal_stack;
 869
 870 #endif
 871
 872 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 873 {
 874     int c, i, use_gdbstub, gdbstub_port, long_index, has_cdrom;
 875     int snapshot, linux_boot;
 876     struct sigaction act;
 877     struct itimerval itv;
 878     CPUState *env;
 879     const char *initrd_filename;
 880     const char *hd_filename[MAX_DISKS], *fd_filename[MAX_FD];
 881     const char *kernel_filename, *kernel_cmdline;
 882     DisplayState *ds = &display_state;
 883     int cyls, heads, secs;
 884
 885     /* we never want that malloc() uses mmap() */
 886     mallopt(M_MMAP_THRESHOLD, 4096 * 1024);
 887     initrd_filename = NULL;
 888     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++)
 889         fd_filename[i] = NULL;
 890     for(i = 0; i < MAX_DISKS; i++)
 891         hd_filename[i] = NULL;
 892     ram_size = 32 * 1024 * 1024;
 893     vga_ram_size = VGA_RAM_SIZE;
 894     pstrcpy(network_script, sizeof(network_script), DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT);
 895     use_gdbstub = 0;
 896     gdbstub_port = DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT;
 897     snapshot = 0;
 898     nographic = 0;
 899     kernel_filename = NULL;
 900     kernel_cmdline = "";
 901     has_cdrom = 1;
 902     cyls = heads = secs = 0;
 903
 904     nb_nics = 1;
 905     for(i = 0; i < MAX_NICS; i++) {
 906         NetDriverState *nd = &nd_table[i];
 907         nd->fd = -1;
 908         /* init virtual mac address */
 909         nd->macaddr[0] = 0x52;
 910         nd->macaddr[1] = 0x54;
 911         nd->macaddr[2] = 0x00;
 912         nd->macaddr[3] = 0x12;
 913         nd->macaddr[4] = 0x34;
 914         nd->macaddr[5] = 0x56 + i;
 915     }
 916
 917     for(;;) {
 918         c = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "hm:d:n:sp:L:", long_options, &long_index);
 919         if (c == -1)
 920             break;
 921         switch(c) {
 922         case 0:
 923             switch(long_index) {
 924             case 0:
 925                 initrd_filename = optarg;
 926                 break;
 927             case 1:
 928                 hd_filename[0] = optarg;
 929                 break;
 930             case 2:
 931                 hd_filename[1] = optarg;
 932                 break;
 933             case 3:
 934                 snapshot = 1;
 935                 break;
 936             case 4:
 937                 {
 938                     const char *p;
 939                     p = optarg;
 940                     cyls = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 941                     if (*p != ',')
 942                         goto chs_fail;
 943                     p++;
 944                     heads = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 945                     if (*p != ',')
 946                         goto chs_fail;
 947                     p++;
 948                     secs = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 949                     if (*p != '\0') {
 950                     chs_fail:
 951                         cyls = 0;
 952                     }
 953                 }
 954                 break;
 955             case 5:
 956                 nographic = 1;
 957                 break;
 958             case 6:
 959                 kernel_filename = optarg;
 960                 break;
 961             case 7:
 962                 kernel_cmdline = optarg;
 963                 break;
 964             case 8:
 965                 {
 966                     const char *p;
 967                     int fd;
 968                     p = optarg;
 969                     nb_nics = 0;
 970                     for(;;) {
 971                         fd = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 0);
 972                         nd_table[nb_nics].fd = fd;
 973                         snprintf(nd_table[nb_nics].ifname,
 974                                  sizeof(nd_table[nb_nics].ifname),
 975                                  "fd%d", nb_nics);
 976                         nb_nics++;
 977                         if (*p == ',') {
 978                             p++;
 979                         } else if (*p != '\0') {
 980                             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid fd for network interface %d\n", nb_nics);
 981                             exit(1);
 982                         } else {
 983                             break;
 984                         }
 985                     }
 986                 }
 987                 break;
 988             case 9:
 989                 hd_filename[2] = optarg;
 990                 has_cdrom = 0;
 991                 break;
 992             case 10:
 993                 hd_filename[3] = optarg;
 994                 break;
 995             case 11:
 996                 hd_filename[2] = optarg;
 997                 has_cdrom = 1;
 998                 break;
 999             case 12:
1000                 boot_device = optarg[0];
1001                 if (boot_device != 'a' && boot_device != 'b' &&
1002                     boot_device != 'c' && boot_device != 'd') {
1003                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid boot device '%c'\n", boot_device);
1004                     exit(1);
1005                 }
1006                 break;
1007             case 13:
1008                 fd_filename[0] = optarg;
1009                 break;
1010             case 14:
1011                 fd_filename[1] = optarg;
1012                 break;
1013             case 15:
1014                 code_copy_enabled = 0;
1015                 break;
1016             case 16:
1017                 nb_nics = atoi(optarg);
1018                 if (nb_nics < 1 || nb_nics > MAX_NICS) {
1019                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: invalid number of network interfaces\n");
1020                     exit(1);
1021                 }
1022                 break;
1023             }
1024             break;
1025         case 'h':
1026             help();
1027             break;
1028         case 'm':
1029             ram_size = atoi(optarg) * 1024 * 1024;
1030             if (ram_size <= 0)
1031                 help();
1032             if (ram_size > PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE) {
1033                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: at most %d MB RAM can be simulated\n",
1034                         PHYS_RAM_MAX_SIZE / (1024 * 1024));
1035                 exit(1);
1036             }
1037             break;
1038         case 'd':
1039             {
1040                 int mask;
1041                 CPULogItem *item;
1042
1043                 mask = cpu_str_to_log_mask(optarg);
1044                 if (!mask) {
1045                     printf("Log items (comma separated):\n");
1046                     for(item = cpu_log_items; item->mask != 0; item++) {
1047                         printf("%-10s %s\n", item->name, item->help);
1048                     }
1049                     exit(1);
1050                 }
1051                 cpu_set_log(mask);
1052             }
1053             break;
1054         case 'n':
1055             pstrcpy(network_script, sizeof(network_script), optarg);
1056             break;
1057         case 's':
1058             use_gdbstub = 1;
1059             break;
1060         case 'p':
1061             gdbstub_port = atoi(optarg);
1062             break;
1063         case 'L':
1064             bios_dir = optarg;
1065             break;
1066         }
1067     }
1068
1069     if (optind < argc) {
1070         hd_filename[0] = argv[optind++];
1071     }
1072
1073     linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
1074
1075     if (!linux_boot && hd_filename[0] == '\0' && hd_filename[2] == '\0' &&
1076         fd_filename[0] == '\0')
1077         help();
1078
1079     /* boot to cd by default if no hard disk */
1080     if (hd_filename[0] == '\0' && boot_device == 'c') {
1081         if (fd_filename[0] != '\0')
1082             boot_device = 'a';
1083         else
1084             boot_device = 'd';
1085     }
1086
1087 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
1088     /* must avoid mmap() usage of glibc by setting a buffer "by hand" */
1089     {
1090         static uint8_t stdout_buf[4096];
1091         setvbuf(stdout, stdout_buf, _IOLBF, sizeof(stdout_buf));
1092     }
1093 #else
1094     setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
1095 #endif
1096
1097     /* init host network redirectors */
1098     net_init();
1099
1100     /* init the memory */
1101     phys_ram_size = ram_size + vga_ram_size;
1102
1103 #ifdef CONFIG_SOFTMMU
1104     phys_ram_base = memalign(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE, phys_ram_size);
1105     if (!phys_ram_base) {
1106         fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate physical memory\n");
1107         exit(1);
1108     }
1109 #else
1110     /* as we must map the same page at several addresses, we must use
1111        a fd */
1112     {
1113         const char *tmpdir;
1114
1115         tmpdir = getenv("QEMU_TMPDIR");
1116         if (!tmpdir)
1117             tmpdir = "/tmp";
1118         snprintf(phys_ram_file, sizeof(phys_ram_file), "%s/vlXXXXXX", tmpdir);
1119         if (mkstemp(phys_ram_file) < 0) {
1120             fprintf(stderr, "Could not create temporary memory file '%s'\n",
1121                     phys_ram_file);
1122             exit(1);
1123         }
1124         phys_ram_fd = open(phys_ram_file, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_RDWR, 0600);
1125         if (phys_ram_fd < 0) {
1126             fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary memory file '%s'\n",
1127                     phys_ram_file);
1128             exit(1);
1129         }
1130         ftruncate(phys_ram_fd, phys_ram_size);
1131         unlink(phys_ram_file);
1132         phys_ram_base = mmap(get_mmap_addr(phys_ram_size),
1133                              phys_ram_size,
1134                              PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED | MAP_FIXED,
1135                              phys_ram_fd, 0);
1136         if (phys_ram_base == MAP_FAILED) {
1137             fprintf(stderr, "Could not map physical memory\n");
1138             exit(1);
1139         }
1140     }
1141 #endif
1142
1143     /* we always create the cdrom drive, even if no disk is there */
1144     if (has_cdrom) {
1145         bs_table[2] = bdrv_new("cdrom");
1146         bdrv_set_type_hint(bs_table[2], BDRV_TYPE_CDROM);
1147     }
1148
1149     /* open the virtual block devices */
1150     for(i = 0; i < MAX_DISKS; i++) {
1151         if (hd_filename[i]) {
1152             if (!bs_table[i]) {
1153                 char buf[64];
1154                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "hd%c", i + 'a');
1155                 bs_table[i] = bdrv_new(buf);
1156             }
1157             if (bdrv_open(bs_table[i], hd_filename[i], snapshot) < 0) {
1158                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open hard disk image '%s\n",
1159                         hd_filename[i]);
1160                 exit(1);
1161             }
1162             if (i == 0 && cyls != 0)
1163                 bdrv_set_geometry_hint(bs_table[i], cyls, heads, secs);
1164         }
1165     }
1166
1167     /* we always create at least one floppy disk */
1168     fd_table[0] = bdrv_new("fda");
1169     bdrv_set_type_hint(fd_table[0], BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
1170
1171     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1172         if (fd_filename[i]) {
1173             if (!fd_table[i]) {
1174                 char buf[64];
1175                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "fd%c", i + 'a');
1176                 fd_table[i] = bdrv_new(buf);
1177                 bdrv_set_type_hint(fd_table[i], BDRV_TYPE_FLOPPY);
1178             }
1179             if (fd_filename[i] != '\0') {
1180                 if (bdrv_open(fd_table[i], fd_filename[i], snapshot) < 0) {
1181                     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not open floppy disk image '%s\n",
1182                             fd_filename[i]);
1183                     exit(1);
1184                 }
1185             }
1186         }
1187     }
1188
1189     /* init CPU state */
1190     env = cpu_init();
1191     global_env = env;
1192     cpu_single_env = env;
1193
1194     init_ioports();
1195     cpu_calibrate_ticks();
1196
1197     /* terminal init */
1198     if (nographic) {
1199         dumb_display_init(ds);
1200     } else {
1201 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
1202         sdl_display_init(ds);
1203 #else
1204         dumb_display_init(ds);
1205 #endif
1206     }
1207
1208 #if defined(TARGET_I386)
1209     pc_init(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device,
1210             ds, fd_filename, snapshot,
1211             kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline, initrd_filename);
1212 #elif defined(TARGET_PPC)
1213     ppc_init();
1214 #endif
1215
1216     /* launched after the device init so that it can display or not a
1217        banner */
1218     monitor_init();
1219
1220     /* setup cpu signal handlers for MMU / self modifying code handling */
1221 #if !defined(CONFIG_SOFTMMU)
1222
1223 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1224     {
1225         stack_t stk;
1226         signal_stack = malloc(SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE);
1227         stk.ss_sp = signal_stack;
1228         stk.ss_size = SIGNAL_STACK_SIZE;
1229         stk.ss_flags = 0;
1230
1231         if (sigaltstack(&stk, NULL) < 0) {
1232             perror("sigaltstack");
1233             exit(1);
1234         }
1235     }
1236 #endif
1237
1238     sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
1239     act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
1240 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1241     act.sa_flags |= SA_ONSTACK;
1242 #endif
1243     act.sa_sigaction = host_segv_handler;
1244     sigaction(SIGSEGV, &act, NULL);
1245     sigaction(SIGBUS, &act, NULL);
1246 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1247     sigaction(SIGFPE, &act, NULL);
1248 #endif
1249 #endif
1250
1251     /* timer signal */
1252     sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
1253     act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
1254 #if defined (TARGET_I386) && defined(USE_CODE_COPY)
1255     act.sa_flags |= SA_ONSTACK;
1256 #endif
1257     act.sa_sigaction = host_alarm_handler;
1258     sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
1259
1260     itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
1261     itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 1000;
1262     itv.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
1263     itv.it_value.tv_usec = 10 * 1000;
1264     setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
1265     /* we probe the tick duration of the kernel to inform the user if
1266        the emulated kernel requested a too high timer frequency */
1267     getitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv);
1268     timer_ms = itv.it_interval.tv_usec / 1000;
1269     pit_min_timer_count = ((uint64_t)itv.it_interval.tv_usec * PIT_FREQ) /
1270         1000000;
1271
1272     if (use_gdbstub) {
1273         cpu_gdbstub(NULL, main_loop, gdbstub_port);
1274     } else {
1275         main_loop(NULL);
1276     }
1277     return 0;
1278 }