zebra: start pseudowire support

[mirror_frr.git] / zebra / zebra_dplane.c

/*
 * Zebra dataplane layer.
 * Copyright (c) 2018 Volta Networks, Inc.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; see the file COPYING; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include "lib/libfrr.h"
#include "lib/debug.h"
#include "lib/frratomic.h"
#include "lib/frr_pthread.h"
#include "lib/memory.h"
#include "lib/queue.h"
#include "lib/zebra.h"
#include "zebra/zebra_router.h"
#include "zebra/zebra_memory.h"
#include "zebra/zserv.h"
#include "zebra/zebra_dplane.h"
#include "zebra/rt.h"
#include "zebra/debug.h"

/* Memory type for context blocks */
DEFINE_MTYPE(ZEBRA, DP_CTX, "Zebra DPlane Ctx")
DEFINE_MTYPE(ZEBRA, DP_PROV, "Zebra DPlane Provider")

#ifndef AOK
#  define AOK 0
#endif

/* Enable test dataplane provider */
/*#define DPLANE_TEST_PROVIDER 1 */

/* Default value for max queued incoming updates */
const uint32_t DPLANE_DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUED = 200;

/* Default value for new work per cycle */
const uint32_t DPLANE_DEFAULT_NEW_WORK = 100;

/* Validation check macro for context blocks */
/* #define DPLANE_DEBUG 1 */

#ifdef DPLANE_DEBUG

#  define DPLANE_CTX_VALID(p)   \
                assert((p) != NULL)

#else

#  define DPLANE_CTX_VALID(p)

#endif  /* DPLANE_DEBUG */

/*
 * Route information captured for route updates.
 */
struct dplane_route_info {

        /* Dest and (optional) source prefixes */
        struct prefix zd_dest;
        struct prefix zd_src;

        afi_t zd_afi;
        safi_t zd_safi;

        int zd_type;
        int zd_old_type;

        route_tag_t zd_tag;
        route_tag_t zd_old_tag;
        uint32_t zd_metric;
        uint32_t zd_old_metric;

        uint16_t zd_instance;
        uint16_t zd_old_instance;

        uint8_t zd_distance;
        uint8_t zd_old_distance;

        uint32_t zd_mtu;
        uint32_t zd_nexthop_mtu;

        /* Nexthops */
        struct nexthop_group zd_ng;

        /* "Previous" nexthops, used only in route updates without netlink */
        struct nexthop_group zd_old_ng;

        /* TODO -- use fixed array of nexthops, to avoid mallocs? */

};

/*
 * Pseudowire info for the dataplane
 */
struct dplane_pw_info {
        char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
        ifindex_t ifindex;
        int type;
        int af;
        int status;
        uint32_t flags;
        union g_addr nexthop;
        mpls_label_t local_label;
        mpls_label_t remote_label;

        union pw_protocol_fields fields;
};

/*
 * The context block used to exchange info about route updates across
 * the boundary between the zebra main context (and pthread) and the
 * dataplane layer (and pthread).
 */
struct zebra_dplane_ctx {

        /* Operation code */
        enum dplane_op_e zd_op;

        /* Status on return */
        enum zebra_dplane_result zd_status;

        /* Dplane provider id */
        uint32_t zd_provider;

        /* Flags - used by providers, e.g. */
        int zd_flags;

        bool zd_is_update;

        uint32_t zd_seq;
        uint32_t zd_old_seq;

        /* TODO -- internal/sub-operation status? */
        enum zebra_dplane_result zd_remote_status;
        enum zebra_dplane_result zd_kernel_status;

        vrf_id_t zd_vrf_id;
        uint32_t zd_table_id;

        /* Support info for either route or LSP update */
        union {
                struct dplane_route_info rinfo;
                zebra_lsp_t lsp;
                struct dplane_pw_info pw;
        } u;

        /* Namespace info, used especially for netlink kernel communication */
        struct zebra_dplane_info zd_ns_info;

        /* Embedded list linkage */
        TAILQ_ENTRY(zebra_dplane_ctx) zd_q_entries;
};

/* Flag that can be set by a pre-kernel provider as a signal that an update
 * should bypass the kernel.
 */
#define DPLANE_CTX_FLAG_NO_KERNEL 0x01


/*
 * Registration block for one dataplane provider.
 */
struct zebra_dplane_provider {
        /* Name */
        char dp_name[DPLANE_PROVIDER_NAMELEN + 1];

        /* Priority, for ordering among providers */
        uint8_t dp_priority;

        /* Id value */
        uint32_t dp_id;

        /* Mutex */
        pthread_mutex_t dp_mutex;

        /* Plugin-provided extra data */
        void *dp_data;

        /* Flags */
        int dp_flags;

        int (*dp_fp)(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov);

        int (*dp_fini)(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov, bool early_p);

        _Atomic uint32_t dp_in_counter;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_in_queued;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_in_max;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_out_counter;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_out_queued;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_out_max;
        _Atomic uint32_t dp_error_counter;

        /* Queue of contexts inbound to the provider */
        struct dplane_ctx_q dp_ctx_in_q;

        /* Queue of completed contexts outbound from the provider back
         * towards the dataplane module.
         */
        struct dplane_ctx_q dp_ctx_out_q;

        /* Embedded list linkage for provider objects */
        TAILQ_ENTRY(zebra_dplane_provider) dp_prov_link;
};

/*
 * Globals
 */
static struct zebra_dplane_globals {
        /* Mutex to control access to dataplane components */
        pthread_mutex_t dg_mutex;

        /* Results callback registered by zebra 'core' */
        int (*dg_results_cb)(struct dplane_ctx_q *ctxlist);

        /* Sentinel for beginning of shutdown */
        volatile bool dg_is_shutdown;

        /* Sentinel for end of shutdown */
        volatile bool dg_run;

        /* Route-update context queue inbound to the dataplane */
        TAILQ_HEAD(zdg_ctx_q, zebra_dplane_ctx) dg_route_ctx_q;

        /* Ordered list of providers */
        TAILQ_HEAD(zdg_prov_q, zebra_dplane_provider) dg_providers_q;

        /* Counter used to assign internal ids to providers */
        uint32_t dg_provider_id;

        /* Limit number of pending, unprocessed updates */
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_max_queued_updates;

        /* Limit number of new updates dequeued at once, to pace an
         * incoming burst.
         */
        uint32_t dg_updates_per_cycle;

        _Atomic uint32_t dg_routes_in;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_routes_queued;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_routes_queued_max;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_route_errors;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_other_errors;

        _Atomic uint32_t dg_lsps_in;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_lsps_queued;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_lsps_queued_max;
        _Atomic uint32_t dg_lsp_errors;

        _Atomic uint32_t dg_update_yields;

        /* Dataplane pthread */
        struct frr_pthread *dg_pthread;

        /* Event-delivery context 'master' for the dplane */
        struct thread_master *dg_master;

        /* Event/'thread' pointer for queued updates */
        struct thread *dg_t_update;

        /* Event pointer for pending shutdown check loop */
        struct thread *dg_t_shutdown_check;

} zdplane_info;

/*
 * Lock and unlock for interactions with the zebra 'core' pthread
 */
#define DPLANE_LOCK() pthread_mutex_lock(&zdplane_info.dg_mutex)
#define DPLANE_UNLOCK() pthread_mutex_unlock(&zdplane_info.dg_mutex)


/*
 * Lock and unlock for individual providers
 */
#define DPLANE_PROV_LOCK(p)   pthread_mutex_lock(&((p)->dp_mutex))
#define DPLANE_PROV_UNLOCK(p) pthread_mutex_unlock(&((p)->dp_mutex))

/* Prototypes */
static int dplane_thread_loop(struct thread *event);
static void dplane_info_from_zns(struct zebra_dplane_info *ns_info,
                                 struct zebra_ns *zns);
static enum zebra_dplane_result lsp_update_internal(zebra_lsp_t *lsp,
                                                    enum dplane_op_e op);

/*
 * Public APIs
 */

/* Obtain thread_master for dataplane thread */
struct thread_master *dplane_get_thread_master(void)
{
        return zdplane_info.dg_master;
}

/*
 * Allocate a dataplane update context
 */
static struct zebra_dplane_ctx *dplane_ctx_alloc(void)
{
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *p;

        /* TODO -- just alloc'ing memory, but would like to maintain
         * a pool
         */
        p = XCALLOC(MTYPE_DP_CTX, sizeof(struct zebra_dplane_ctx));

        return p;
}

/*
 * Free a dataplane results context.
 */
static void dplane_ctx_free(struct zebra_dplane_ctx **pctx)
{
        if (pctx == NULL)
                return;

        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(*pctx);

        /* TODO -- just freeing memory, but would like to maintain
         * a pool
         */

        /* Some internal allocations may need to be freed, depending on
         * the type of info captured in the ctx.
         */
        switch ((*pctx)->zd_op) {
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_INSTALL:
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE:
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_DELETE:

                /* Free allocated nexthops */
                if ((*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_ng.nexthop) {
                        /* This deals with recursive nexthops too */
                        nexthops_free((*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_ng.nexthop);

                        (*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_ng.nexthop = NULL;
                }

                if ((*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_old_ng.nexthop) {
                        /* This deals with recursive nexthops too */
                        nexthops_free((*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_old_ng.nexthop);

                        (*pctx)->u.rinfo.zd_old_ng.nexthop = NULL;
                }

                break;

        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_INSTALL:
        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_UPDATE:
        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_DELETE:
        {
                zebra_nhlfe_t *nhlfe, *next;

                /* Free allocated NHLFEs */
                for (nhlfe = (*pctx)->u.lsp.nhlfe_list; nhlfe; nhlfe = next) {
                        next = nhlfe->next;

                        zebra_mpls_nhlfe_del(nhlfe);
                }

                /* Clear pointers in lsp struct, in case we're cacheing
                 * free context structs.
                 */
                (*pctx)->u.lsp.nhlfe_list = NULL;
                (*pctx)->u.lsp.best_nhlfe = NULL;

                break;
        }

        case DPLANE_OP_NONE:
                break;
        }

        XFREE(MTYPE_DP_CTX, *pctx);
        *pctx = NULL;
}

/*
 * Return a context block to the dplane module after processing
 */
void dplane_ctx_fini(struct zebra_dplane_ctx **pctx)
{
        /* TODO -- maintain pool; for now, just free */
        dplane_ctx_free(pctx);
}

/* Enqueue a context block */
void dplane_ctx_enqueue_tail(struct dplane_ctx_q *q,
                             const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(q, (struct zebra_dplane_ctx *)ctx, zd_q_entries);
}

/* Append a list of context blocks to another list */
void dplane_ctx_list_append(struct dplane_ctx_q *to_list,
                            struct dplane_ctx_q *from_list)
{
        if (TAILQ_FIRST(from_list)) {
                TAILQ_CONCAT(to_list, from_list, zd_q_entries);

                /* And clear 'from' list */
                TAILQ_INIT(from_list);
        }
}

/* Dequeue a context block from the head of a list */
struct zebra_dplane_ctx *dplane_ctx_dequeue(struct dplane_ctx_q *q)
{
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(q);

        if (ctx)
                TAILQ_REMOVE(q, ctx, zd_q_entries);

        return ctx;
}

/*
 * Accessors for information from the context object
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_ctx_get_status(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_status;
}

void dplane_ctx_set_status(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx,
                           enum zebra_dplane_result status)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        ctx->zd_status = status;
}

/* Retrieve last/current provider id */
uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_provider(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);
        return ctx->zd_provider;
}

/* Providers run before the kernel can control whether a kernel
 * update should be done.
 */
void dplane_ctx_set_skip_kernel(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        SET_FLAG(ctx->zd_flags, DPLANE_CTX_FLAG_NO_KERNEL);
}

bool dplane_ctx_is_skip_kernel(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return CHECK_FLAG(ctx->zd_flags, DPLANE_CTX_FLAG_NO_KERNEL);
}

enum dplane_op_e dplane_ctx_get_op(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_op;
}

const char *dplane_op2str(enum dplane_op_e op)
{
        const char *ret = "UNKNOWN";

        switch (op) {
        case DPLANE_OP_NONE:
                ret = "NONE";
                break;

        /* Route update */
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_INSTALL:
                ret = "ROUTE_INSTALL";
                break;
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE:
                ret = "ROUTE_UPDATE";
                break;
        case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_DELETE:
                ret = "ROUTE_DELETE";
                break;

        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_INSTALL:
                ret = "LSP_INSTALL";
                break;
        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_UPDATE:
                ret = "LSP_UPDATE";
                break;
        case DPLANE_OP_LSP_DELETE:
                ret = "LSP_DELETE";
                break;

        };

        return ret;
}

const char *dplane_res2str(enum zebra_dplane_result res)
{
        const char *ret = "<Unknown>";

        switch (res) {
        case ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE:
                ret = "FAILURE";
                break;
        case ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_QUEUED:
                ret = "QUEUED";
                break;
        case ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS:
                ret = "SUCCESS";
                break;
        };

        return ret;
}

const struct prefix *dplane_ctx_get_dest(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_dest);
}

/* Source prefix is a little special - return NULL for "no src prefix" */
const struct prefix *dplane_ctx_get_src(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        if (ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src.prefixlen == 0 &&
            IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src.u.prefix6))) {
                return NULL;
        } else {
                return &(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src);
        }
}

bool dplane_ctx_is_update(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_is_update;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_seq(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_seq;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_old_seq(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_old_seq;
}

vrf_id_t dplane_ctx_get_vrf(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_vrf_id;
}

int dplane_ctx_get_type(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_type;
}

int dplane_ctx_get_old_type(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_type;
}

afi_t dplane_ctx_get_afi(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_afi;
}

safi_t dplane_ctx_get_safi(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_safi;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_table(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->zd_table_id;
}

route_tag_t dplane_ctx_get_tag(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_tag;
}

route_tag_t dplane_ctx_get_old_tag(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_tag;
}

uint16_t dplane_ctx_get_instance(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_instance;
}

uint16_t dplane_ctx_get_old_instance(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_instance;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_metric(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_metric;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_old_metric(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_metric;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_mtu(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_mtu;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_nh_mtu(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_nexthop_mtu;
}

uint8_t dplane_ctx_get_distance(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_distance;
}

uint8_t dplane_ctx_get_old_distance(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_distance;
}

const struct nexthop_group *dplane_ctx_get_ng(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_ng);
}

const struct nexthop_group *dplane_ctx_get_old_ng(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_ng);
}

const struct zebra_dplane_info *dplane_ctx_get_ns(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->zd_ns_info);
}

/* Accessors for LSP information */

mpls_label_t dplane_ctx_get_in_label(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.ile.in_label;
}

uint8_t dplane_ctx_get_addr_family(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.addr_family;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_lsp_flags(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.flags;
}

zebra_nhlfe_t *dplane_ctx_get_nhlfe(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.nhlfe_list;
}

zebra_nhlfe_t *dplane_ctx_get_best_nhlfe(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.best_nhlfe;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_lsp_num_ecmp(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.lsp.num_ecmp;
}

const char *dplane_ctx_get_pw_ifname(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.ifname;
}

mpls_label_t dplane_ctx_get_pw_local_label(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.local_label;
}

mpls_label_t dplane_ctx_get_pw_remote_label(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.remote_label;
}

int dplane_ctx_get_pw_type(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.type;
}

int dplane_ctx_get_pw_af(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.af;
}

uint32_t dplane_ctx_get_pw_flags(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.flags;
}

int dplane_ctx_get_pw_status(const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return ctx->u.pw.status;
}

const union g_addr *dplane_ctx_get_pw_nexthop(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->u.pw.nexthop);
}

const union pw_protocol_fields *dplane_ctx_get_pw_proto(
        const struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        DPLANE_CTX_VALID(ctx);

        return &(ctx->u.pw.fields);
}

/*
 * End of dplane context accessors
 */


/*
 * Retrieve the limit on the number of pending, unprocessed updates.
 */
uint32_t dplane_get_in_queue_limit(void)
{
        return atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_max_queued_updates,
                                    memory_order_relaxed);
}

/*
 * Configure limit on the number of pending, queued updates.
 */
void dplane_set_in_queue_limit(uint32_t limit, bool set)
{
        /* Reset to default on 'unset' */
        if (!set)
                limit = DPLANE_DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUED;

        atomic_store_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_max_queued_updates, limit,
                              memory_order_relaxed);
}

/*
 * Retrieve the current queue depth of incoming, unprocessed updates
 */
uint32_t dplane_get_in_queue_len(void)
{
        return atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued,
                                    memory_order_seq_cst);
}

/*
 * Common dataplane context init with zebra namespace info.
 */
static int dplane_ctx_ns_init(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx,
                              struct zebra_ns *zns,
                              bool is_update)
{
        dplane_info_from_zns(&(ctx->zd_ns_info), zns);

#if defined(HAVE_NETLINK)
        /* Increment message counter after copying to context struct - may need
         * two messages in some 'update' cases.
         */
        if (is_update)
                zns->netlink_dplane.seq += 2;
        else
                zns->netlink_dplane.seq++;
#endif  /* HAVE_NETLINK */

        return AOK;
}

/*
 * Initialize a context block for a route update from zebra data structs.
 */
static int dplane_ctx_route_init(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx,
                                 enum dplane_op_e op,
                                 struct route_node *rn,
                                 struct route_entry *re)
{
        int ret = EINVAL;
        const struct route_table *table = NULL;
        const rib_table_info_t *info;
        const struct prefix *p, *src_p;
        struct zebra_ns *zns;
        struct zebra_vrf *zvrf;
        struct nexthop *nexthop;

        if (!ctx || !rn || !re)
                goto done;

        ctx->zd_op = op;
        ctx->zd_status = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS;

        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_type = re->type;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_type = re->type;

        /* Prefixes: dest, and optional source */
        srcdest_rnode_prefixes(rn, &p, &src_p);

        prefix_copy(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_dest), p);

        if (src_p)
                prefix_copy(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src), src_p);
        else
                memset(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src), 0, sizeof(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_src));

        ctx->zd_table_id = re->table;

        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_metric = re->metric;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_metric = re->metric;
        ctx->zd_vrf_id = re->vrf_id;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_mtu = re->mtu;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_nexthop_mtu = re->nexthop_mtu;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_instance = re->instance;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_tag = re->tag;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_tag = re->tag;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_distance = re->distance;

        table = srcdest_rnode_table(rn);
        info = table->info;

        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_afi = info->afi;
        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_safi = info->safi;

        /* Extract ns info - can't use pointers to 'core' structs */
        zvrf = vrf_info_lookup(re->vrf_id);
        zns = zvrf->zns;

        dplane_ctx_ns_init(ctx, zns, (op == DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE));

        /* Copy nexthops; recursive info is included too */
        copy_nexthops(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_ng.nexthop), re->ng.nexthop, NULL);

        /* TODO -- maybe use array of nexthops to avoid allocs? */

        /* Ensure that the dplane's nexthops flags are clear. */
        for (ALL_NEXTHOPS(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_ng, nexthop))
                UNSET_FLAG(nexthop->flags, NEXTHOP_FLAG_FIB);

        /* Trying out the sequence number idea, so we can try to detect
         * when a result is stale.
         */
        re->dplane_sequence = zebra_router_get_next_sequence();
        ctx->zd_seq = re->dplane_sequence;

        ret = AOK;

done:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Capture information for an LSP update in a dplane context.
 */
static int dplane_ctx_lsp_init(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx,
                               enum dplane_op_e op,
                               zebra_lsp_t *lsp)
{
        int ret = AOK;
        zebra_nhlfe_t *nhlfe, *new_nhlfe;

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("init dplane ctx %s: in-label %u ecmp# %d",
                           dplane_op2str(op), lsp->ile.in_label,
                           lsp->num_ecmp);

        ctx->zd_op = op;
        ctx->zd_status = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS;

        /* Capture namespace info */
        dplane_ctx_ns_init(ctx, zebra_ns_lookup(NS_DEFAULT),
                           (op == DPLANE_OP_LSP_UPDATE));

        memset(&ctx->u.lsp, 0, sizeof(ctx->u.lsp));

        ctx->u.lsp.ile = lsp->ile;
        ctx->u.lsp.addr_family = lsp->addr_family;
        ctx->u.lsp.num_ecmp = lsp->num_ecmp;
        ctx->u.lsp.flags = lsp->flags;

        /* Copy source LSP's nhlfes, and capture 'best' nhlfe */
        for (nhlfe = lsp->nhlfe_list; nhlfe; nhlfe = nhlfe->next) {
                /* Not sure if this is meaningful... */
                if (nhlfe->nexthop == NULL)
                        continue;

                new_nhlfe =
                        zebra_mpls_lsp_add_nhlfe(
                                &(ctx->u.lsp),
                                nhlfe->type,
                                nhlfe->nexthop->type,
                                &(nhlfe->nexthop->gate),
                                nhlfe->nexthop->ifindex,
                                nhlfe->nexthop->nh_label->label[0]);

                if (new_nhlfe == NULL || new_nhlfe->nexthop == NULL) {
                        ret = ENOMEM;
                        break;
                }

                /* Need to copy flags too */
                new_nhlfe->flags = nhlfe->flags;
                new_nhlfe->nexthop->flags = nhlfe->nexthop->flags;

                if (nhlfe == lsp->best_nhlfe)
                        ctx->u.lsp.best_nhlfe = new_nhlfe;
        }

        /* On error the ctx will be cleaned-up, so we don't need to
         * deal with any allocated nhlfe or nexthop structs here.
         */

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue a new route update,
 * and ensure an event is active for the dataplane pthread.
 */
static int dplane_route_enqueue(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        int ret = EINVAL;
        uint32_t high, curr;

        /* Enqueue for processing by the dataplane pthread */
        DPLANE_LOCK();
        {
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&zdplane_info.dg_route_ctx_q, ctx,
                                  zd_q_entries);
        }
        DPLANE_UNLOCK();

        curr = atomic_add_fetch_explicit(
#ifdef __clang__
                /* TODO -- issue with the clang atomic/intrinsics currently;
                 * casting away the 'Atomic'-ness of the variable works.
                 */
                (uint32_t *)&(zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued),
#else
                &(zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued),
#endif
                1, memory_order_seq_cst);

        /* Maybe update high-water counter also */
        high = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued_max,
                                    memory_order_seq_cst);
        while (high < curr) {
                if (atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit(
                            &zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued_max,
                            &high, curr,
                            memory_order_seq_cst,
                            memory_order_seq_cst))
                        break;
        }

        /* Ensure that an event for the dataplane thread is active */
        ret = dplane_provider_work_ready();

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Utility that prepares a route update and enqueues it for processing
 */
static enum zebra_dplane_result
dplane_route_update_internal(struct route_node *rn,
                             struct route_entry *re,
                             struct route_entry *old_re,
                             enum dplane_op_e op)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result result = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;
        int ret = EINVAL;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx = NULL;

        /* Obtain context block */
        ctx = dplane_ctx_alloc();
        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
        }

        /* Init context with info from zebra data structs */
        ret = dplane_ctx_route_init(ctx, op, rn, re);
        if (ret == AOK) {
                /* Capture some extra info for update case
                 * where there's a different 'old' route.
                 */
                if ((op == DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE) &&
                    old_re && (old_re != re)) {
                        ctx->zd_is_update = true;

                        old_re->dplane_sequence =
                                zebra_router_get_next_sequence();
                        ctx->zd_old_seq = old_re->dplane_sequence;

                        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_tag = old_re->tag;
                        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_type = old_re->type;
                        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_instance = old_re->instance;
                        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_distance = old_re->distance;
                        ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_metric = old_re->metric;

#ifndef HAVE_NETLINK
                        /* For bsd, capture previous re's nexthops too, sigh.
                         * We'll need these to do per-nexthop deletes.
                         */
                        copy_nexthops(&(ctx->u.rinfo.zd_old_ng.nexthop),
                                      old_re->ng.nexthop, NULL);
#endif  /* !HAVE_NETLINK */
                }

                /* Enqueue context for processing */
                ret = dplane_route_enqueue(ctx);
        }

done:
        /* Update counter */
        atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_in, 1,
                                  memory_order_relaxed);

        if (ret == AOK)
                result = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_QUEUED;
        else {
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_route_errors, 1,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
                if (ctx)
                        dplane_ctx_free(&ctx);
        }

        return result;
}

/*
 * Enqueue a route 'add' for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_route_add(struct route_node *rn,
                                          struct route_entry *re)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;

        if (rn == NULL || re == NULL)
                goto done;

        ret = dplane_route_update_internal(rn, re, NULL,
                                           DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_INSTALL);

done:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue a route update for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_route_update(struct route_node *rn,
                                             struct route_entry *re,
                                             struct route_entry *old_re)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;

        if (rn == NULL || re == NULL)
                goto done;

        ret = dplane_route_update_internal(rn, re, old_re,
                                           DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE);
done:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue a route removal for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_route_delete(struct route_node *rn,
                                             struct route_entry *re)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;

        if (rn == NULL || re == NULL)
                goto done;

        ret = dplane_route_update_internal(rn, re, NULL,
                                           DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_DELETE);

done:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue LSP add for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_lsp_add(zebra_lsp_t *lsp)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret =
                lsp_update_internal(lsp, DPLANE_OP_LSP_INSTALL);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue LSP update for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_lsp_update(zebra_lsp_t *lsp)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret =
                lsp_update_internal(lsp, DPLANE_OP_LSP_UPDATE);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue LSP delete for the dataplane.
 */
enum zebra_dplane_result dplane_lsp_delete(zebra_lsp_t *lsp)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result ret =
                lsp_update_internal(lsp, DPLANE_OP_LSP_DELETE);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Common internal LSP update utility
 */
static enum zebra_dplane_result lsp_update_internal(zebra_lsp_t *lsp,
                                                    enum dplane_op_e op)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result result = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;
        int ret = EINVAL;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx = NULL;

        /* Obtain context block */
        ctx = dplane_ctx_alloc();
        if (ctx == NULL) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
        }

        ret = dplane_ctx_lsp_init(ctx, op, lsp);
        if (ret != AOK)
                goto done;

        ret = dplane_route_enqueue(ctx);

done:
        /* Update counter */
        atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_lsps_in, 1,
                                  memory_order_relaxed);

        if (ret == AOK)
                result = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_QUEUED;
        else {
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_lsp_errors, 1,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
                if (ctx)
                        dplane_ctx_free(&ctx);
        }

        return result;
}

/*
 * Handler for 'show dplane'
 */
int dplane_show_helper(struct vty *vty, bool detailed)
{
        uint64_t queued, queue_max, limit, errs, incoming, yields,
                other_errs;

        /* Using atomics because counters are being changed in different
         * pthread contexts.
         */
        incoming = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_in,
                                        memory_order_relaxed);
        limit = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_max_queued_updates,
                                     memory_order_relaxed);
        queued = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued,
                                      memory_order_relaxed);
        queue_max = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued_max,
                                         memory_order_relaxed);
        errs = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_route_errors,
                                    memory_order_relaxed);
        yields = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_update_yields,
                                      memory_order_relaxed);
        other_errs = atomic_load_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_other_errors,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);

        vty_out(vty, "Zebra dataplane:\nRoute updates:            %"PRIu64"\n",
                incoming);
        vty_out(vty, "Route update errors:      %"PRIu64"\n", errs);
        vty_out(vty, "Other errors       :      %"PRIu64"\n", other_errs);
        vty_out(vty, "Route update queue limit: %"PRIu64"\n", limit);
        vty_out(vty, "Route update queue depth: %"PRIu64"\n", queued);
        vty_out(vty, "Route update queue max:   %"PRIu64"\n", queue_max);
        vty_out(vty, "Dplane update yields:      %"PRIu64"\n", yields);

        return CMD_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 * Handler for 'show dplane providers'
 */
int dplane_show_provs_helper(struct vty *vty, bool detailed)
{
        struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov;
        uint64_t in, in_max, out, out_max;

        vty_out(vty, "Zebra dataplane providers:\n");

        DPLANE_LOCK();
        prov = TAILQ_FIRST(&zdplane_info.dg_providers_q);
        DPLANE_UNLOCK();

        /* Show counters, useful info from each registered provider */
        while (prov) {

                in = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_in_counter,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
                in_max = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_in_max,
                                              memory_order_relaxed);
                out = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_out_counter,
                                           memory_order_relaxed);
                out_max = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_out_max,
                                               memory_order_relaxed);

                vty_out(vty, "%s (%u): in: %"PRIu64", q_max: %"PRIu64", "
                        "out: %"PRIu64", q_max: %"PRIu64"\n",
                        prov->dp_name, prov->dp_id, in, in_max, out, out_max);

                DPLANE_LOCK();
                prov = TAILQ_NEXT(prov, dp_prov_link);
                DPLANE_UNLOCK();
        }

        return CMD_SUCCESS;
}

/*
 * Provider registration
 */
int dplane_provider_register(const char *name,
                             enum dplane_provider_prio prio,
                             int flags,
                             int (*fp)(struct zebra_dplane_provider *),
                             int (*fini_fp)(struct zebra_dplane_provider *,
                                            bool early),
                             void *data,
                             struct zebra_dplane_provider **prov_p)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct zebra_dplane_provider *p = NULL, *last;

        /* Validate */
        if (fp == NULL) {
                ret = EINVAL;
                goto done;
        }

        if (prio <= DPLANE_PRIO_NONE ||
            prio > DPLANE_PRIO_LAST) {
                ret = EINVAL;
                goto done;
        }

        /* Allocate and init new provider struct */
        p = XCALLOC(MTYPE_DP_PROV, sizeof(struct zebra_dplane_provider));
        if (p == NULL) {
                ret = ENOMEM;
                goto done;
        }

        pthread_mutex_init(&(p->dp_mutex), NULL);
        TAILQ_INIT(&(p->dp_ctx_in_q));
        TAILQ_INIT(&(p->dp_ctx_out_q));

        p->dp_priority = prio;
        p->dp_fp = fp;
        p->dp_fini = fini_fp;
        p->dp_data = data;

        /* Lock - the dplane pthread may be running */
        DPLANE_LOCK();

        p->dp_id = ++zdplane_info.dg_provider_id;

        if (name)
                strlcpy(p->dp_name, name, DPLANE_PROVIDER_NAMELEN);
        else
                snprintf(p->dp_name, DPLANE_PROVIDER_NAMELEN,
                         "provider-%u", p->dp_id);

        /* Insert into list ordered by priority */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(last, &zdplane_info.dg_providers_q, dp_prov_link) {
                if (last->dp_priority > p->dp_priority)
                        break;
        }

        if (last)
                TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(last, p, dp_prov_link);
        else
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&zdplane_info.dg_providers_q, p,
                                  dp_prov_link);

        /* And unlock */
        DPLANE_UNLOCK();

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("dplane: registered new provider '%s' (%u), prio %d",
                           p->dp_name, p->dp_id, p->dp_priority);

done:
        if (prov_p)
                *prov_p = p;

        return ret;
}

/* Accessors for provider attributes */
const char *dplane_provider_get_name(const struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        return prov->dp_name;
}

uint32_t dplane_provider_get_id(const struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        return prov->dp_id;
}

void *dplane_provider_get_data(const struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        return prov->dp_data;
}

int dplane_provider_get_work_limit(const struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        return zdplane_info.dg_updates_per_cycle;
}

/* Lock/unlock a provider's mutex - iff the provider was registered with
 * the THREADED flag.
 */
void dplane_provider_lock(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        if (dplane_provider_is_threaded(prov))
                DPLANE_PROV_LOCK(prov);
}

void dplane_provider_unlock(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        if (dplane_provider_is_threaded(prov))
                DPLANE_PROV_UNLOCK(prov);
}

/*
 * Dequeue and maintain associated counter
 */
struct zebra_dplane_ctx *dplane_provider_dequeue_in_ctx(
        struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx = NULL;

        dplane_provider_lock(prov);

        ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q));
        if (ctx) {
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q), ctx, zd_q_entries);

                atomic_fetch_sub_explicit(&prov->dp_in_queued, 1,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
        }

        dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

        return ctx;
}

/*
 * Dequeue work to a list, return count
 */
int dplane_provider_dequeue_in_list(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov,
                                    struct dplane_ctx_q *listp)
{
        int limit, ret;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx;

        limit = zdplane_info.dg_updates_per_cycle;

        dplane_provider_lock(prov);

        for (ret = 0; ret < limit; ret++) {
                ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q));
                if (ctx) {
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q), ctx, zd_q_entries);

                        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(listp, ctx, zd_q_entries);
                } else {
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (ret > 0)
                atomic_fetch_sub_explicit(&prov->dp_in_queued, ret,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);

        dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

        return ret;
}

/*
 * Enqueue and maintain associated counter
 */
void dplane_provider_enqueue_out_ctx(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov,
                                     struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        dplane_provider_lock(prov);

        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(prov->dp_ctx_out_q), ctx,
                          zd_q_entries);

        dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

        atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&(prov->dp_out_counter), 1,
                                  memory_order_relaxed);
}

/*
 * Accessor for provider object
 */
bool dplane_provider_is_threaded(const struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        return (prov->dp_flags & DPLANE_PROV_FLAG_THREADED);
}

/*
 * Internal helper that copies information from a zebra ns object; this is
 * called in the zebra main pthread context as part of dplane ctx init.
 */
static void dplane_info_from_zns(struct zebra_dplane_info *ns_info,
                                 struct zebra_ns *zns)
{
        ns_info->ns_id = zns->ns_id;

#if defined(HAVE_NETLINK)
        ns_info->is_cmd = true;
        ns_info->nls = zns->netlink_dplane;
#endif /* NETLINK */
}

/*
 * Provider api to signal that work/events are available
 * for the dataplane pthread.
 */
int dplane_provider_work_ready(void)
{
        /* Note that during zebra startup, we may be offered work before
         * the dataplane pthread (and thread-master) are ready. We want to
         * enqueue the work, but the event-scheduling machinery may not be
         * available.
         */
        if (zdplane_info.dg_run) {
                thread_add_event(zdplane_info.dg_master,
                                 dplane_thread_loop, NULL, 0,
                                 &zdplane_info.dg_t_update);
        }

        return AOK;
}

/*
 * Kernel dataplane provider
 */

/*
 * Handler for kernel LSP updates
 */
static enum zebra_dplane_result
kernel_dplane_lsp_update(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result res;

        /* Call into the synchronous kernel-facing code here */
        res = kernel_lsp_update(ctx);

        if (res != ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS)
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(
                        &zdplane_info.dg_lsp_errors, 1,
                        memory_order_relaxed);

        return res;
}

/*
 * Handler for kernel route updates
 */
static enum zebra_dplane_result
kernel_dplane_route_update(struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result res;

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL) {
                char dest_str[PREFIX_STRLEN];

                prefix2str(dplane_ctx_get_dest(ctx),
                           dest_str, sizeof(dest_str));

                zlog_debug("%u:%s Dplane route update ctx %p op %s",
                           dplane_ctx_get_vrf(ctx), dest_str,
                           ctx, dplane_op2str(dplane_ctx_get_op(ctx)));
        }

        /* Call into the synchronous kernel-facing code here */
        res = kernel_route_update(ctx);

        if (res != ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS)
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(
                        &zdplane_info.dg_route_errors, 1,
                        memory_order_relaxed);

        return res;
}

/*
 * Kernel provider callback
 */
static int kernel_dplane_process_func(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        enum zebra_dplane_result res;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx;
        int counter, limit;

        limit = dplane_provider_get_work_limit(prov);

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("dplane provider '%s': processing",
                           dplane_provider_get_name(prov));

        for (counter = 0; counter < limit; counter++) {

                ctx = dplane_provider_dequeue_in_ctx(prov);
                if (ctx == NULL)
                        break;

                /* Dispatch to appropriate kernel-facing apis */
                switch (dplane_ctx_get_op(ctx)) {

                case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_INSTALL:
                case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_UPDATE:
                case DPLANE_OP_ROUTE_DELETE:
                        res = kernel_dplane_route_update(ctx);
                        break;

                case DPLANE_OP_LSP_INSTALL:
                case DPLANE_OP_LSP_UPDATE:
                case DPLANE_OP_LSP_DELETE:
                        res = kernel_dplane_lsp_update(ctx);
                        break;

                default:
                        atomic_fetch_add_explicit(
                                &zdplane_info.dg_other_errors, 1,
                                memory_order_relaxed);

                        res = ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_FAILURE;
                        break;
                }

                dplane_ctx_set_status(ctx, res);

                dplane_provider_enqueue_out_ctx(prov, ctx);
        }

        /* Ensure that we'll run the work loop again if there's still
         * more work to do.
         */
        if (counter >= limit) {
                if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                        zlog_debug("dplane provider '%s' reached max updates %d",
                                   dplane_provider_get_name(prov), counter);

                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_update_yields,
                                          1, memory_order_relaxed);

                dplane_provider_work_ready();
        }

        return 0;
}

#if DPLANE_TEST_PROVIDER

/*
 * Test dataplane provider plugin
 */

/*
 * Test provider process callback
 */
static int test_dplane_process_func(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov)
{
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx;
        int counter, limit;

        /* Just moving from 'in' queue to 'out' queue */

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("dplane provider '%s': processing",
                           dplane_provider_get_name(prov));

        limit = dplane_provider_get_work_limit(prov);

        for (counter = 0; counter < limit; counter++) {

                ctx = dplane_provider_dequeue_in_ctx(prov);
                if (ctx == NULL)
                        break;

                dplane_ctx_set_status(ctx, ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS);

                dplane_provider_enqueue_out_ctx(prov, ctx);
        }

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("dplane provider '%s': processed %d",
                           dplane_provider_get_name(prov), counter);

        /* Ensure that we'll run the work loop again if there's still
         * more work to do.
         */
        if (counter >= limit)
                dplane_provider_work_ready();

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Test provider shutdown/fini callback
 */
static int test_dplane_shutdown_func(struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov,
                                     bool early)
{
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("dplane provider '%s': %sshutdown",
                           dplane_provider_get_name(prov),
                           early ? "early " : "");

        return 0;
}
#endif  /* DPLANE_TEST_PROVIDER */

/*
 * Register default kernel provider
 */
static void dplane_provider_init(void)
{
        int ret;

        ret = dplane_provider_register("Kernel",
                                       DPLANE_PRIO_KERNEL,
                                       DPLANE_PROV_FLAGS_DEFAULT,
                                       kernel_dplane_process_func,
                                       NULL,
                                       NULL, NULL);

        if (ret != AOK)
                zlog_err("Unable to register kernel dplane provider: %d",
                         ret);

#if DPLANE_TEST_PROVIDER
        /* Optional test provider ... */
        ret = dplane_provider_register("Test",
                                       DPLANE_PRIO_PRE_KERNEL,
                                       DPLANE_PROV_FLAGS_DEFAULT,
                                       test_dplane_process_func,
                                       test_dplane_shutdown_func,
                                       NULL /* data */, NULL);

        if (ret != AOK)
                zlog_err("Unable to register test dplane provider: %d",
                         ret);
#endif  /* DPLANE_TEST_PROVIDER */
}

/* Indicates zebra shutdown/exit is in progress. Some operations may be
 * simplified or skipped during shutdown processing.
 */
bool dplane_is_in_shutdown(void)
{
        return zdplane_info.dg_is_shutdown;
}

/*
 * Early or pre-shutdown, de-init notification api. This runs pretty
 * early during zebra shutdown, as a signal to stop new work and prepare
 * for updates generated by shutdown/cleanup activity, as zebra tries to
 * remove everything it's responsible for.
 * NB: This runs in the main zebra pthread context.
 */
void zebra_dplane_pre_finish(void)
{
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("Zebra dataplane pre-fini called");

        zdplane_info.dg_is_shutdown = true;

        /* TODO -- Notify provider(s) of pending shutdown */
}

/*
 * Utility to determine whether work remains enqueued within the dplane;
 * used during system shutdown processing.
 */
static bool dplane_work_pending(void)
{
        bool ret = false;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx;
        struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov;

        /* TODO -- just checking incoming/pending work for now, must check
         * providers
         */
        DPLANE_LOCK();
        {
                ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&zdplane_info.dg_route_ctx_q);
                prov = TAILQ_FIRST(&zdplane_info.dg_providers_q);
        }
        DPLANE_UNLOCK();

        if (ctx != NULL) {
                ret = true;
                goto done;
        }

        while (prov) {

                dplane_provider_lock(prov);

                ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q));
                if (ctx == NULL)
                        ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&(prov->dp_ctx_out_q));

                dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

                if (ctx != NULL)
                        break;

                DPLANE_LOCK();
                prov = TAILQ_NEXT(prov, dp_prov_link);
                DPLANE_UNLOCK();
        }

        if (ctx != NULL)
                ret = true;

done:
        return ret;
}

/*
 * Shutdown-time intermediate callback, used to determine when all pending
 * in-flight updates are done. If there's still work to do, reschedules itself.
 * If all work is done, schedules an event to the main zebra thread for
 * final zebra shutdown.
 * This runs in the dplane pthread context.
 */
static int dplane_check_shutdown_status(struct thread *event)
{
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("Zebra dataplane shutdown status check called");

        if (dplane_work_pending()) {
                /* Reschedule dplane check on a short timer */
                thread_add_timer_msec(zdplane_info.dg_master,
                                      dplane_check_shutdown_status,
                                      NULL, 100,
                                      &zdplane_info.dg_t_shutdown_check);

                /* TODO - give up and stop waiting after a short time? */

        } else {
                /* We appear to be done - schedule a final callback event
                 * for the zebra main pthread.
                 */
                thread_add_event(zebrad.master, zebra_finalize, NULL, 0, NULL);
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Shutdown, de-init api. This runs pretty late during shutdown,
 * after zebra has tried to free/remove/uninstall all routes during shutdown.
 * At this point, dplane work may still remain to be done, so we can't just
 * blindly terminate. If there's still work to do, we'll periodically check
 * and when done, we'll enqueue a task to the zebra main thread for final
 * termination processing.
 *
 * NB: This runs in the main zebra thread context.
 */
void zebra_dplane_finish(void)
{
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("Zebra dataplane fini called");

        thread_add_event(zdplane_info.dg_master,
                         dplane_check_shutdown_status, NULL, 0,
                         &zdplane_info.dg_t_shutdown_check);
}

/*
 * Main dataplane pthread event loop. The thread takes new incoming work
 * and offers it to the first provider. It then iterates through the
 * providers, taking complete work from each one and offering it
 * to the next in order. At each step, a limited number of updates are
 * processed during a cycle in order to provide some fairness.
 *
 * This loop through the providers is only run once, so that the dataplane
 * pthread can look for other pending work - such as i/o work on behalf of
 * providers.
 */
static int dplane_thread_loop(struct thread *event)
{
        struct dplane_ctx_q work_list;
        struct dplane_ctx_q error_list;
        struct zebra_dplane_provider *prov;
        struct zebra_dplane_ctx *ctx, *tctx;
        int limit, counter, error_counter;
        uint64_t curr, high;

        /* Capture work limit per cycle */
        limit = zdplane_info.dg_updates_per_cycle;

        /* Init temporary lists used to move contexts among providers */
        TAILQ_INIT(&work_list);
        TAILQ_INIT(&error_list);
        error_counter = 0;

        /* Check for zebra shutdown */
        if (!zdplane_info.dg_run)
                goto done;

        /* Dequeue some incoming work from zebra (if any) onto the temporary
         * working list.
         */
        DPLANE_LOCK();

        /* Locate initial registered provider */
        prov = TAILQ_FIRST(&zdplane_info.dg_providers_q);

        /* Move new work from incoming list to temp list */
        for (counter = 0; counter < limit; counter++) {
                ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&zdplane_info.dg_route_ctx_q);
                if (ctx) {
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&zdplane_info.dg_route_ctx_q, ctx,
                                     zd_q_entries);

                        ctx->zd_provider = prov->dp_id;

                        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&work_list, ctx, zd_q_entries);
                } else {
                        break;
                }
        }

        DPLANE_UNLOCK();

        atomic_fetch_sub_explicit(&zdplane_info.dg_routes_queued, counter,
                                  memory_order_relaxed);

        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("dplane: incoming new work counter: %d", counter);

        /* Iterate through the registered providers, offering new incoming
         * work. If the provider has outgoing work in its queue, take that
         * work for the next provider
         */
        while (prov) {

                /* At each iteration, the temporary work list has 'counter'
                 * items.
                 */
                if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                        zlog_debug("dplane enqueues %d new work to provider '%s'",
                                   counter, dplane_provider_get_name(prov));

                /* Capture current provider id in each context; check for
                 * error status.
                 */
                TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ctx, &work_list, zd_q_entries, tctx) {
                        if (dplane_ctx_get_status(ctx) ==
                            ZEBRA_DPLANE_REQUEST_SUCCESS) {
                                ctx->zd_provider = prov->dp_id;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * TODO -- improve error-handling: recirc
                                 * errors backwards so that providers can
                                 * 'undo' their work (if they want to)
                                 */

                                /* Move to error list; will be returned
                                 * zebra main.
                                 */
                                TAILQ_REMOVE(&work_list, ctx, zd_q_entries);
                                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&error_list,
                                                  ctx, zd_q_entries);
                                error_counter++;
                        }
                }

                /* Enqueue new work to the provider */
                dplane_provider_lock(prov);

                if (TAILQ_FIRST(&work_list))
                        TAILQ_CONCAT(&(prov->dp_ctx_in_q), &work_list,
                                     zd_q_entries);

                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&prov->dp_in_counter, counter,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
                atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&prov->dp_in_queued, counter,
                                          memory_order_relaxed);
                curr = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_in_queued,
                                            memory_order_relaxed);
                high = atomic_load_explicit(&prov->dp_in_max,
                                            memory_order_relaxed);
                if (curr > high)
                        atomic_store_explicit(&prov->dp_in_max, curr,
                                              memory_order_relaxed);

                dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

                /* Reset the temp list (though the 'concat' may have done this
                 * already), and the counter
                 */
                TAILQ_INIT(&work_list);
                counter = 0;

                /* Call into the provider code. Note that this is
                 * unconditional: we offer to do work even if we don't enqueue
                 * any _new_ work.
                 */
                (*prov->dp_fp)(prov);

                /* Check for zebra shutdown */
                if (!zdplane_info.dg_run)
                        break;

                /* Dequeue completed work from the provider */
                dplane_provider_lock(prov);

                while (counter < limit) {
                        ctx = TAILQ_FIRST(&(prov->dp_ctx_out_q));
                        if (ctx) {
                                TAILQ_REMOVE(&(prov->dp_ctx_out_q), ctx,
                                             zd_q_entries);

                                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&work_list,
                                                  ctx, zd_q_entries);
                                counter++;
                        } else
                                break;
                }

                dplane_provider_unlock(prov);

                if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                        zlog_debug("dplane dequeues %d completed work from provider %s",
                                   counter, dplane_provider_get_name(prov));

                /* Locate next provider */
                DPLANE_LOCK();
                prov = TAILQ_NEXT(prov, dp_prov_link);
                DPLANE_UNLOCK();
        }

        /* After all providers have been serviced, enqueue any completed
         * work and any errors back to zebra so it can process the results.
         */
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE_DETAIL)
                zlog_debug("dplane has %d completed, %d errors, for zebra main",
                           counter, error_counter);

        /*
         * Hand lists through the api to zebra main,
         * to reduce the number of lock/unlock cycles
         */

        /* Call through to zebra main */
        (zdplane_info.dg_results_cb)(&error_list);

        TAILQ_INIT(&error_list);


        /* Call through to zebra main */
        (zdplane_info.dg_results_cb)(&work_list);

        TAILQ_INIT(&work_list);

done:
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Final phase of shutdown, after all work enqueued to dplane has been
 * processed. This is called from the zebra main pthread context.
 */
void zebra_dplane_shutdown(void)
{
        if (IS_ZEBRA_DEBUG_DPLANE)
                zlog_debug("Zebra dataplane shutdown called");

        /* Stop dplane thread, if it's running */

        zdplane_info.dg_run = false;

        THREAD_OFF(zdplane_info.dg_t_update);

        frr_pthread_stop(zdplane_info.dg_pthread, NULL);

        /* Destroy pthread */
        frr_pthread_destroy(zdplane_info.dg_pthread);
        zdplane_info.dg_pthread = NULL;
        zdplane_info.dg_master = NULL;

        /* TODO -- Notify provider(s) of final shutdown */

        /* TODO -- Clean-up provider objects */

        /* TODO -- Clean queue(s), free memory */
}

/*
 * Initialize the dataplane module during startup, internal/private version
 */
static void zebra_dplane_init_internal(struct zebra_t *zebra)
{
        memset(&zdplane_info, 0, sizeof(zdplane_info));

        pthread_mutex_init(&zdplane_info.dg_mutex, NULL);

        TAILQ_INIT(&zdplane_info.dg_route_ctx_q);
        TAILQ_INIT(&zdplane_info.dg_providers_q);

        zdplane_info.dg_updates_per_cycle = DPLANE_DEFAULT_NEW_WORK;

        zdplane_info.dg_max_queued_updates = DPLANE_DEFAULT_MAX_QUEUED;

        /* Register default kernel 'provider' during init */
        dplane_provider_init();
}

/*
 * Start the dataplane pthread. This step needs to be run later than the
 * 'init' step, in case zebra has fork-ed.
 */
void zebra_dplane_start(void)
{
        /* Start dataplane pthread */

        struct frr_pthread_attr pattr = {
                .start = frr_pthread_attr_default.start,
                .stop = frr_pthread_attr_default.stop
        };

        zdplane_info.dg_pthread = frr_pthread_new(&pattr, "Zebra dplane thread",
                                                  "Zebra dplane");

        zdplane_info.dg_master = zdplane_info.dg_pthread->master;

        zdplane_info.dg_run = true;

        /* Enqueue an initial event for the dataplane pthread */
        thread_add_event(zdplane_info.dg_master, dplane_thread_loop, NULL, 0,
                         &zdplane_info.dg_t_update);

        frr_pthread_run(zdplane_info.dg_pthread, NULL);
}

/*
 * Initialize the dataplane module at startup; called by zebra rib_init()
 */
void zebra_dplane_init(int (*results_fp)(struct dplane_ctx_q *))
{
        zebra_dplane_init_internal(&zebrad);
        zdplane_info.dg_results_cb = results_fp;
}