]> git.proxmox.com Git - mirror_qemu.git/blobdiff - block/qcow.c
qobject: Replace qobject_incref/QINCREF qobject_decref/QDECREF
[mirror_qemu.git] / block / qcow.c
index 5d147b962e6e821c0ac4b99d704e75d819c0f3cc..4b2f7db74c7acec89ac2521334d3dc76c2c69525 100644 (file)
  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
+
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
-#include "qemu-common.h"
 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
 #include "block/block_int.h"
 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
+#include "qemu/option.h"
 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
 #include <zlib.h>
-#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
-#include "crypto/cipher.h"
-#include "migration/migration.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
+#include "crypto/block.h"
+#include "migration/blocker.h"
+#include "block/crypto.h"
 
 /**************************************************************/
 /* QEMU COW block driver with compression and encryption support */
@@ -77,12 +82,14 @@ typedef struct BDRVQcowState {
     uint8_t *cluster_cache;
     uint8_t *cluster_data;
     uint64_t cluster_cache_offset;
-    QCryptoCipher *cipher; /* NULL if no key yet */
+    QCryptoBlock *crypto; /* Disk encryption format driver */
     uint32_t crypt_method_header;
     CoMutex lock;
     Error *migration_blocker;
 } BDRVQcowState;
 
+static QemuOptsList qcow_create_opts;
+
 static int decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset);
 
 static int qcow_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
@@ -97,6 +104,15 @@ static int qcow_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
         return 0;
 }
 
+static QemuOptsList qcow_runtime_opts = {
+    .name = "qcow",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qcow_runtime_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_QCOW_KEY_SECRET("encrypt."),
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
 static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
                      Error **errp)
 {
@@ -105,11 +121,19 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     int ret;
     QCowHeader header;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
+    QCryptoBlockOpenOptions *crypto_opts = NULL;
+    unsigned int cflags = 0;
+    QDict *encryptopts = NULL;
+    const char *encryptfmt;
+
+    qdict_extract_subqdict(options, &encryptopts, "encrypt.");
+    encryptfmt = qdict_get_try_str(encryptopts, "format");
 
     bs->file = bdrv_open_child(NULL, options, "file", bs, &child_file,
                                false, errp);
     if (!bs->file) {
-        return -EINVAL;
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto fail;
     }
 
     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &header, sizeof(header));
@@ -155,17 +179,6 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         goto fail;
     }
 
-    if (header.crypt_method > QCOW_CRYPT_AES) {
-        error_setg(errp, "invalid encryption method in qcow header");
-        ret = -EINVAL;
-        goto fail;
-    }
-    if (!qcrypto_cipher_supports(QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128,
-                                 QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_CBC)) {
-        error_setg(errp, "AES cipher not available");
-        ret = -EINVAL;
-        goto fail;
-    }
     s->crypt_method_header = header.crypt_method;
     if (s->crypt_method_header) {
         if (bdrv_uses_whitelist() &&
@@ -181,8 +194,44 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
             ret = -ENOSYS;
             goto fail;
         }
+        if (s->crypt_method_header == QCOW_CRYPT_AES) {
+            if (encryptfmt && !g_str_equal(encryptfmt, "aes")) {
+                error_setg(errp,
+                           "Header reported 'aes' encryption format but "
+                           "options specify '%s'", encryptfmt);
+                ret = -EINVAL;
+                goto fail;
+            }
+            qdict_del(encryptopts, "format");
+            crypto_opts = block_crypto_open_opts_init(
+                Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW, encryptopts, errp);
+            if (!crypto_opts) {
+                ret = -EINVAL;
+                goto fail;
+            }
 
+            if (flags & BDRV_O_NO_IO) {
+                cflags |= QCRYPTO_BLOCK_OPEN_NO_IO;
+            }
+            s->crypto = qcrypto_block_open(crypto_opts, "encrypt.",
+                                           NULL, NULL, cflags, errp);
+            if (!s->crypto) {
+                ret = -EINVAL;
+                goto fail;
+            }
+        } else {
+            error_setg(errp, "invalid encryption method in qcow header");
+            ret = -EINVAL;
+            goto fail;
+        }
         bs->encrypted = true;
+    } else {
+        if (encryptfmt) {
+            error_setg(errp, "No encryption in image header, but options "
+                       "specified format '%s'", encryptfmt);
+            ret = -EINVAL;
+            goto fail;
+        }
     }
     s->cluster_bits = header.cluster_bits;
     s->cluster_size = 1 << s->cluster_bits;
@@ -266,6 +315,8 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
         goto fail;
     }
 
+    qobject_unref(encryptopts);
+    qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(crypto_opts);
     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
     return 0;
 
@@ -274,6 +325,9 @@ static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     qemu_vfree(s->l2_cache);
     g_free(s->cluster_cache);
     g_free(s->cluster_data);
+    qcrypto_block_free(s->crypto);
+    qobject_unref(encryptopts);
+    qapi_free_QCryptoBlockOpenOptions(crypto_opts);
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -286,85 +340,6 @@ static int qcow_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int qcow_set_key(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key)
-{
-    BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
-    uint8_t keybuf[16];
-    int len, i;
-    Error *err;
-
-    memset(keybuf, 0, 16);
-    len = strlen(key);
-    if (len > 16)
-        len = 16;
-    /* XXX: we could compress the chars to 7 bits to increase
-       entropy */
-    for(i = 0;i < len;i++) {
-        keybuf[i] = key[i];
-    }
-    assert(bs->encrypted);
-
-    qcrypto_cipher_free(s->cipher);
-    s->cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(
-        QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128,
-        QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_CBC,
-        keybuf, G_N_ELEMENTS(keybuf),
-        &err);
-
-    if (!s->cipher) {
-        /* XXX would be nice if errors in this method could
-         * be properly propagate to the caller. Would need
-         * the bdrv_set_key() API signature to be fixed. */
-        error_free(err);
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/* The crypt function is compatible with the linux cryptoloop
-   algorithm for < 4 GB images. NOTE: out_buf == in_buf is
-   supported */
-static int encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t sector_num,
-                           uint8_t *out_buf, const uint8_t *in_buf,
-                           int nb_sectors, bool enc, Error **errp)
-{
-    union {
-        uint64_t ll[2];
-        uint8_t b[16];
-    } ivec;
-    int i;
-    int ret;
-
-    for(i = 0; i < nb_sectors; i++) {
-        ivec.ll[0] = cpu_to_le64(sector_num);
-        ivec.ll[1] = 0;
-        if (qcrypto_cipher_setiv(s->cipher,
-                                 ivec.b, G_N_ELEMENTS(ivec.b),
-                                 errp) < 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if (enc) {
-            ret = qcrypto_cipher_encrypt(s->cipher,
-                                         in_buf,
-                                         out_buf,
-                                         512,
-                                         errp);
-        } else {
-            ret = qcrypto_cipher_decrypt(s->cipher,
-                                         in_buf,
-                                         out_buf,
-                                         512,
-                                         errp);
-        }
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        sector_num++;
-        in_buf += 512;
-        out_buf += 512;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
 
 /* 'allocate' is:
  *
@@ -377,19 +352,22 @@ static int encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t sector_num,
  * 'compressed_size'. 'compressed_size' must be > 0 and <
  * cluster_size
  *
- * return 0 if not allocated.
+ * return 0 if not allocated, 1 if *result is assigned, and negative
+ * errno on failure.
  */
-static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                   uint64_t offset, int allocate,
-                                   int compressed_size,
-                                   int n_start, int n_end)
+static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                              uint64_t offset, int allocate,
+                              int compressed_size,
+                              int n_start, int n_end, uint64_t *result)
 {
     BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
-    int min_index, i, j, l1_index, l2_index;
-    uint64_t l2_offset, *l2_table, cluster_offset, tmp;
+    int min_index, i, j, l1_index, l2_index, ret;
+    int64_t l2_offset;
+    uint64_t *l2_table, cluster_offset, tmp;
     uint32_t min_count;
     int new_l2_table;
 
+    *result = 0;
     l1_index = offset >> (s->l2_bits + s->cluster_bits);
     l2_offset = s->l1_table[l1_index];
     new_l2_table = 0;
@@ -398,15 +376,21 @@ static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
             return 0;
         /* allocate a new l2 entry */
         l2_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
+        if (l2_offset < 0) {
+            return l2_offset;
+        }
         /* round to cluster size */
-        l2_offset = (l2_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
+        l2_offset = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(l2_offset, s->cluster_size);
         /* update the L1 entry */
         s->l1_table[l1_index] = l2_offset;
         tmp = cpu_to_be64(l2_offset);
-        if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file,
-                s->l1_table_offset + l1_index * sizeof(tmp),
-                &tmp, sizeof(tmp)) < 0)
-            return 0;
+        BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L1_UPDATE);
+        ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file,
+                               s->l1_table_offset + l1_index * sizeof(tmp),
+                               &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
         new_l2_table = 1;
     }
     for(i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
@@ -431,16 +415,20 @@ static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
         }
     }
     l2_table = s->l2_cache + (min_index << s->l2_bits);
+    BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L2_LOAD);
     if (new_l2_table) {
         memset(l2_table, 0, s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
-        if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table,
-                s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t)) < 0)
-            return 0;
+        ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table,
+                               s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
     } else {
-        if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table,
-                       s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t)) !=
-            s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t))
-            return 0;
+        ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table,
+                         s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
     }
     s->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
     s->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
@@ -451,52 +439,69 @@ static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
         ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) && allocate == 1)) {
         if (!allocate)
             return 0;
+        BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_ALLOC);
         /* allocate a new cluster */
         if ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) &&
             (n_end - n_start) < s->cluster_sectors) {
             /* if the cluster is already compressed, we must
                decompress it in the case it is not completely
                overwritten */
-            if (decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset) < 0)
-                return 0;
+            if (decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset) < 0) {
+                return -EIO;
+            }
             cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
-            cluster_offset = (cluster_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) &
-                ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
+            if ((int64_t) cluster_offset < 0) {
+                return cluster_offset;
+            }
+            cluster_offset = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(cluster_offset, s->cluster_size);
             /* write the cluster content */
-            if (bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, cluster_offset, s->cluster_cache,
-                            s->cluster_size) !=
-                s->cluster_size)
-                return -1;
+            BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
+            ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, cluster_offset, s->cluster_cache,
+                              s->cluster_size);
+            if (ret < 0) {
+                return ret;
+            }
         } else {
             cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
+            if ((int64_t) cluster_offset < 0) {
+                return cluster_offset;
+            }
             if (allocate == 1) {
                 /* round to cluster size */
-                cluster_offset = (cluster_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) &
-                    ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
-                bdrv_truncate(bs->file, cluster_offset + s->cluster_size, NULL);
+                cluster_offset = QEMU_ALIGN_UP(cluster_offset, s->cluster_size);
+                if (cluster_offset + s->cluster_size > INT64_MAX) {
+                    return -E2BIG;
+                }
+                ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file, cluster_offset + s->cluster_size,
+                                    PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, NULL);
+                if (ret < 0) {
+                    return ret;
+                }
                 /* if encrypted, we must initialize the cluster
                    content which won't be written */
                 if (bs->encrypted &&
                     (n_end - n_start) < s->cluster_sectors) {
                     uint64_t start_sect;
-                    assert(s->cipher);
+                    assert(s->crypto);
                     start_sect = (offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
-                    memset(s->cluster_data + 512, 0x00, 512);
                     for(i = 0; i < s->cluster_sectors; i++) {
                         if (i < n_start || i >= n_end) {
-                            Error *err = NULL;
-                            if (encrypt_sectors(s, start_sect + i,
-                                                s->cluster_data,
-                                                s->cluster_data + 512, 1,
-                                                true, &err) < 0) {
-                                error_free(err);
-                                errno = EIO;
-                                return -1;
+                            memset(s->cluster_data, 0x00, 512);
+                            if (qcrypto_block_encrypt(s->crypto,
+                                                      (start_sect + i) *
+                                                      BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
+                                                      s->cluster_data,
+                                                      BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
+                                                      NULL) < 0) {
+                                return -EIO;
+                            }
+                            BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
+                            ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file,
+                                              cluster_offset + i * 512,
+                                              s->cluster_data, 512);
+                            if (ret < 0) {
+                                return ret;
                             }
-                            if (bdrv_pwrite(bs->file,
-                                            cluster_offset + i * 512,
-                                            s->cluster_data, 512) != 512)
-                                return -1;
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -508,37 +513,53 @@ static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
         /* update L2 table */
         tmp = cpu_to_be64(cluster_offset);
         l2_table[l2_index] = tmp;
-        if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset + l2_index * sizeof(tmp),
-                &tmp, sizeof(tmp)) < 0)
-            return 0;
+        if (allocate == 2) {
+            BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L2_UPDATE_COMPRESSED);
+        } else {
+            BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L2_UPDATE);
+        }
+        ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset + l2_index * sizeof(tmp),
+                               &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return ret;
+        }
     }
-    return cluster_offset;
+    *result = cluster_offset;
+    return 1;
 }
 
-static int64_t coroutine_fn qcow_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
-        int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum, BlockDriverState **file)
+static int coroutine_fn qcow_co_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                             bool want_zero,
+                                             int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
+                                             int64_t *pnum, int64_t *map,
+                                             BlockDriverState **file)
 {
     BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
-    int index_in_cluster, n;
+    int index_in_cluster, ret;
+    int64_t n;
     uint64_t cluster_offset;
 
     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
-    cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, 0, 0, 0, 0, &cluster_offset);
     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
-    index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
-    n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
-    if (n > nb_sectors)
-        n = nb_sectors;
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return ret;
+    }
+    index_in_cluster = offset & (s->cluster_size - 1);
+    n = s->cluster_size - index_in_cluster;
+    if (n > bytes) {
+        n = bytes;
+    }
     *pnum = n;
     if (!cluster_offset) {
         return 0;
     }
-    if ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) || s->cipher) {
+    if ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) || s->crypto) {
         return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
     }
-    cluster_offset |= (index_in_cluster << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
+    *map = cluster_offset | index_in_cluster;
     *file = bs->file->bs;
-    return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID | cluster_offset;
+    return BDRV_BLOCK_DATA | BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID;
 }
 
 static int decompress_buffer(uint8_t *out_buf, int out_buf_size,
@@ -578,6 +599,7 @@ static int decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset)
     if (s->cluster_cache_offset != coffset) {
         csize = cluster_offset >> (63 - s->cluster_bits);
         csize &= (s->cluster_size - 1);
+        BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_COMPRESSED);
         ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, coffset, s->cluster_data, csize);
         if (ret != csize)
             return -1;
@@ -601,7 +623,6 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
     QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
     uint8_t *buf;
     void *orig_buf;
-    Error *err = NULL;
 
     if (qiov->niov > 1) {
         buf = orig_buf = qemu_try_blockalign(bs, qiov->size);
@@ -617,8 +638,11 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
 
     while (nb_sectors != 0) {
         /* prepare next request */
-        cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9,
-                                                 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9,
+                                 0, 0, 0, 0, &cluster_offset);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            break;
+        }
         index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
         n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
         if (n > nb_sectors) {
@@ -632,10 +656,12 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
                 hd_iov.iov_len = n * 512;
                 qemu_iovec_init_external(&hd_qiov, &hd_iov, 1);
                 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
+                /* qcow2 emits this on bs->file instead of bs->backing */
+                BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_BACKING_AIO);
                 ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs->backing, sector_num, n, &hd_qiov);
                 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
                 if (ret < 0) {
-                    goto fail;
+                    break;
                 }
             } else {
                 /* Note: in this case, no need to wait */
@@ -644,18 +670,21 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
         } else if (cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
             /* add AIO support for compressed blocks ? */
             if (decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset) < 0) {
-                goto fail;
+                ret = -EIO;
+                break;
             }
             memcpy(buf,
                    s->cluster_cache + index_in_cluster * 512, 512 * n);
         } else {
             if ((cluster_offset & 511) != 0) {
-                goto fail;
+                ret = -EIO;
+                break;
             }
             hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)buf;
             hd_iov.iov_len = n * 512;
             qemu_iovec_init_external(&hd_qiov, &hd_iov, 1);
             qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
+            BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_AIO);
             ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs->file,
                                 (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
                                 n, &hd_qiov);
@@ -664,10 +693,12 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
                 break;
             }
             if (bs->encrypted) {
-                assert(s->cipher);
-                if (encrypt_sectors(s, sector_num, buf, buf,
-                                    n, false, &err) < 0) {
-                    goto fail;
+                assert(s->crypto);
+                if (qcrypto_block_decrypt(s->crypto,
+                                          sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, buf,
+                                          n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL) < 0) {
+                    ret = -EIO;
+                    break;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -678,7 +709,6 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
         buf += n * 512;
     }
 
-done:
     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
 
     if (qiov->niov > 1) {
@@ -687,11 +717,6 @@ done:
     }
 
     return ret;
-
-fail:
-    error_free(err);
-    ret = -EIO;
-    goto done;
 }
 
 static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
@@ -700,9 +725,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
     BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
     int index_in_cluster;
     uint64_t cluster_offset;
-    const uint8_t *src_buf;
     int ret = 0, n;
-    uint8_t *cluster_data = NULL;
     struct iovec hd_iov;
     QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
     uint8_t *buf;
@@ -710,7 +733,9 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
 
     s->cluster_cache_offset = -1; /* disable compressed cache */
 
-    if (qiov->niov > 1) {
+    /* We must always copy the iov when encrypting, so we
+     * don't modify the original data buffer during encryption */
+    if (bs->encrypted || qiov->niov > 1) {
         buf = orig_buf = qemu_try_blockalign(bs, qiov->size);
         if (buf == NULL) {
             return -ENOMEM;
@@ -730,34 +755,30 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
         if (n > nb_sectors) {
             n = nb_sectors;
         }
-        cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 1, 0,
-                                            index_in_cluster,
-                                            index_in_cluster + n);
+        ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 1, 0,
+                                 index_in_cluster,
+                                 index_in_cluster + n, &cluster_offset);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            break;
+        }
         if (!cluster_offset || (cluster_offset & 511) != 0) {
             ret = -EIO;
             break;
         }
         if (bs->encrypted) {
-            Error *err = NULL;
-            assert(s->cipher);
-            if (!cluster_data) {
-                cluster_data = g_malloc0(s->cluster_size);
-            }
-            if (encrypt_sectors(s, sector_num, cluster_data, buf,
-                                n, true, &err) < 0) {
-                error_free(err);
+            assert(s->crypto);
+            if (qcrypto_block_encrypt(s->crypto, sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
+                                      buf, n * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL) < 0) {
                 ret = -EIO;
                 break;
             }
-            src_buf = cluster_data;
-        } else {
-            src_buf = buf;
         }
 
-        hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)src_buf;
+        hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)buf;
         hd_iov.iov_len = n * 512;
         qemu_iovec_init_external(&hd_qiov, &hd_iov, 1);
         qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
+        BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
         ret = bdrv_co_writev(bs->file,
                              (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
                              n, &hd_qiov);
@@ -773,10 +794,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int qcow_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
     }
     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
 
-    if (qiov->niov > 1) {
-        qemu_vfree(orig_buf);
-    }
-    g_free(cluster_data);
+    qemu_vfree(orig_buf);
 
     return ret;
 }
@@ -785,8 +803,8 @@ static void qcow_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
 
-    qcrypto_cipher_free(s->cipher);
-    s->cipher = NULL;
+    qcrypto_block_free(s->crypto);
+    s->crypto = NULL;
     g_free(s->l1_table);
     qemu_vfree(s->l2_cache);
     g_free(s->cluster_cache);
@@ -796,44 +814,51 @@ static void qcow_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
     error_free(s->migration_blocker);
 }
 
-static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+static int coroutine_fn qcow_co_create(BlockdevCreateOptions *opts,
+                                       Error **errp)
 {
+    BlockdevCreateOptionsQcow *qcow_opts;
     int header_size, backing_filename_len, l1_size, shift, i;
     QCowHeader header;
     uint8_t *tmp;
     int64_t total_size = 0;
-    char *backing_file = NULL;
-    int flags = 0;
-    Error *local_err = NULL;
     int ret;
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockBackend *qcow_blk;
+    QCryptoBlock *crypto = NULL;
+
+    assert(opts->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_QCOW);
+    qcow_opts = &opts->u.qcow;
 
-    /* Read out options */
-    total_size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
-                          BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
-    backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
-    if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false)) {
-        flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
+    /* Sanity checks */
+    total_size = qcow_opts->size;
+    if (total_size == 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "Image size is too small, cannot be zero length");
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        goto cleanup;
+    if (qcow_opts->has_encrypt &&
+        qcow_opts->encrypt->format != Q_CRYPTO_BLOCK_FORMAT_QCOW)
+    {
+        error_setg(errp, "Unsupported encryption format");
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    qcow_blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
-                            BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
-                            &local_err);
-    if (qcow_blk == NULL) {
-        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        ret = -EIO;
-        goto cleanup;
+    /* Create BlockBackend to write to the image */
+    bs = bdrv_open_blockdev_ref(qcow_opts->file, errp);
+    if (bs == NULL) {
+        return -EIO;
     }
 
+    qcow_blk = blk_new(BLK_PERM_WRITE | BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL);
+    ret = blk_insert_bs(qcow_blk, bs, errp);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        goto exit;
+    }
     blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(qcow_blk, true);
 
-    ret = blk_truncate(qcow_blk, 0, errp);
+    /* Create image format */
+    ret = blk_truncate(qcow_blk, 0, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, errp);
     if (ret < 0) {
         goto exit;
     }
@@ -844,15 +869,15 @@ static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
     header.size = cpu_to_be64(total_size);
     header_size = sizeof(header);
     backing_filename_len = 0;
-    if (backing_file) {
-        if (strcmp(backing_file, "fat:")) {
+    if (qcow_opts->has_backing_file) {
+        if (strcmp(qcow_opts->backing_file, "fat:")) {
             header.backing_file_offset = cpu_to_be64(header_size);
-            backing_filename_len = strlen(backing_file);
+            backing_filename_len = strlen(qcow_opts->backing_file);
             header.backing_file_size = cpu_to_be32(backing_filename_len);
             header_size += backing_filename_len;
         } else {
             /* special backing file for vvfat */
-            backing_file = NULL;
+            qcow_opts->has_backing_file = false;
         }
         header.cluster_bits = 9; /* 512 byte cluster to avoid copying
                                     unmodified sectors */
@@ -866,8 +891,16 @@ static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
     l1_size = (total_size + (1LL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
 
     header.l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(header_size);
-    if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT) {
+
+    if (qcow_opts->has_encrypt) {
         header.crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_AES);
+
+        crypto = qcrypto_block_create(qcow_opts->encrypt, "encrypt.",
+                                      NULL, NULL, NULL, errp);
+        if (!crypto) {
+            ret = -EINVAL;
+            goto exit;
+        }
     } else {
         header.crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_NONE);
     }
@@ -878,9 +911,9 @@ static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
         goto exit;
     }
 
-    if (backing_file) {
+    if (qcow_opts->has_backing_file) {
         ret = blk_pwrite(qcow_blk, sizeof(header),
-                         backing_file, backing_filename_len, 0);
+                         qcow_opts->backing_file, backing_filename_len, 0);
         if (ret != backing_filename_len) {
             goto exit;
         }
@@ -901,8 +934,100 @@ static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
     ret = 0;
 exit:
     blk_unref(qcow_blk);
-cleanup:
-    g_free(backing_file);
+    qcrypto_block_free(crypto);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int coroutine_fn qcow_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
+                                            QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    BlockdevCreateOptions *create_options = NULL;
+    BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
+    QDict *qdict = NULL;
+    QObject *qobj;
+    Visitor *v;
+    const char *val;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    int ret;
+
+    static const QDictRenames opt_renames[] = {
+        { BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,       "backing-file" },
+        { BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT,            BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT },
+        { NULL, NULL },
+    };
+
+    /* Parse options and convert legacy syntax */
+    qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict_filtered(opts, NULL, &qcow_create_opts, true);
+
+    val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT);
+    if (val && !strcmp(val, "on")) {
+        qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, "qcow");
+    } else if (val && !strcmp(val, "off")) {
+        qdict_del(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT);
+    }
+
+    val = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT);
+    if (val && !strcmp(val, "aes")) {
+        qdict_put_str(qdict, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT, "qcow");
+    }
+
+    if (!qdict_rename_keys(qdict, opt_renames, errp)) {
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    /* Create and open the file (protocol layer) */
+    ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    bs = bdrv_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
+                   BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_RESIZE | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, errp);
+    if (bs == NULL) {
+        ret = -EIO;
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    /* Now get the QAPI type BlockdevCreateOptions */
+    qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "qcow");
+    qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
+
+    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+    qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
+    if (qdict == NULL) {
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(qdict));
+    visit_type_BlockdevCreateOptions(v, NULL, &create_options, &local_err);
+    visit_free(v);
+
+    if (local_err) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    /* Silently round up size */
+    assert(create_options->driver == BLOCKDEV_DRIVER_QCOW);
+    create_options->u.qcow.size =
+        ROUND_UP(create_options->u.qcow.size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
+
+    /* Create the qcow image (format layer) */
+    ret = qcow_co_create(create_options, errp);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
+
+    ret = 0;
+fail:
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+    bdrv_unref(bs);
+    qapi_free_BlockdevCreateOptions(create_options);
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -916,7 +1041,8 @@ static int qcow_make_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
     if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_table,
             l1_length) < 0)
         return -1;
-    ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset + l1_length, NULL);
+    ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset + l1_length,
+                        PREALLOC_MODE_OFF, NULL);
     if (ret < 0)
         return ret;
 
@@ -991,8 +1117,11 @@ qcow_co_pwritev_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
         goto success;
     }
     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
-    cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, 2, out_len, 0, 0);
+    ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, offset, 2, out_len, 0, 0, &cluster_offset);
     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        goto fail;
+    }
     if (cluster_offset == 0) {
         ret = -EIO;
         goto fail;
@@ -1004,6 +1133,7 @@ qcow_co_pwritev_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
         .iov_len    = out_len,
     };
     qemu_iovec_init_external(&hd_qiov, &iov, 1);
+    BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_COMPRESSED);
     ret = bdrv_co_pwritev(bs->file, cluster_offset, out_len, &hd_qiov, 0);
     if (ret < 0) {
         goto fail;
@@ -1040,9 +1170,15 @@ static QemuOptsList qcow_create_opts = {
         {
             .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT,
             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
-            .help = "Encrypt the image",
-            .def_value_str = "off"
+            .help = "Encrypt the image with format 'aes'. (Deprecated "
+                    "in favor of " BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT "=aes)",
+        },
+        {
+            .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT,
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Encrypt the image, format choices: 'aes'",
         },
+        BLOCK_CRYPTO_OPT_DEF_QCOW_KEY_SECRET("encrypt."),
         { /* end of list */ }
     }
 };
@@ -1055,15 +1191,15 @@ static BlockDriver bdrv_qcow = {
     .bdrv_close                = qcow_close,
     .bdrv_child_perm        = bdrv_format_default_perms,
     .bdrv_reopen_prepare    = qcow_reopen_prepare,
-    .bdrv_create            = qcow_create,
+    .bdrv_co_create         = qcow_co_create,
+    .bdrv_co_create_opts    = qcow_co_create_opts,
     .bdrv_has_zero_init     = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
     .supports_backing       = true,
 
     .bdrv_co_readv          = qcow_co_readv,
     .bdrv_co_writev         = qcow_co_writev,
-    .bdrv_co_get_block_status   = qcow_co_get_block_status,
+    .bdrv_co_block_status   = qcow_co_block_status,
 
-    .bdrv_set_key           = qcow_set_key,
     .bdrv_make_empty        = qcow_make_empty,
     .bdrv_co_pwritev_compressed = qcow_co_pwritev_compressed,
     .bdrv_get_info          = qcow_get_info,