partitions/efi: Fix integer overflow in GPT size calculation
If a GUID Partition Table claims to have more than 2**25 entries, the
calculation of the partition table size in alloc_read_gpt_entries() will
overflow a 32-bit integer and not enough space will be allocated for the
table.
Nothing seems to get written out of bounds, but later efi_partition() will
read up to 32768 bytes from a 128 byte buffer, possibly OOPSing or exposing
information to /proc/partitions and uevents.
The problem exists on both 64-bit and 32-bit platforms.
Fix the overflow and also print a meaningful debug message if the table
size is too large.