-irq_domain interrupt number mapping library
+===============================================
+The irq_domain interrupt number mapping library
+===============================================
The current design of the Linux kernel uses a single large number
space where each separate IRQ source is assigned a different number.
structure to hwirq numbers (Device Tree and ACPI GSI so far), and can
be easily extended to support other IRQ topology data sources.
-=== irq_domain usage ===
+irq_domain usage
+================
+
An interrupt controller driver creates and registers an irq_domain by
calling one of the irq_domain_add_*() functions (each mapping method
has a different allocator function, more on that later). The function
needs to know the associated hwirq number (such as in the irq_chip
callbacks) then it can be directly obtained from irq_data->hwirq.
-=== Types of irq_domain mappings ===
+Types of irq_domain mappings
+============================
+
There are several mechanisms available for reverse mapping from hwirq
to Linux irq, and each mechanism uses a different allocation function.
Which reverse map type should be used depends on the use case. Each
of the reverse map types are described below:
-==== Linear ====
-irq_domain_add_linear()
-irq_domain_create_linear()
+Linear
+------
+
+::
+
+ irq_domain_add_linear()
+ irq_domain_create_linear()
The linear reverse map maintains a fixed size table indexed by the
hwirq number. When a hwirq is mapped, an irq_desc is allocated for
The majority of drivers should use the linear map.
-==== Tree ====
-irq_domain_add_tree()
-irq_domain_create_tree()
+Tree
+----
+
+::
+
+ irq_domain_add_tree()
+ irq_domain_create_tree()
The irq_domain maintains a radix tree map from hwirq numbers to Linux
IRQs. When an hwirq is mapped, an irq_desc is allocated and the
Very few drivers should need this mapping.
-==== No Map ===-
-irq_domain_add_nomap()
+No Map
+------
+
+::
+
+ irq_domain_add_nomap()
The No Map mapping is to be used when the hwirq number is
programmable in the hardware. In this case it is best to program the
Most drivers cannot use this mapping.
-==== Legacy ====
-irq_domain_add_simple()
-irq_domain_add_legacy()
-irq_domain_add_legacy_isa()
+Legacy
+------
+
+::
+
+ irq_domain_add_simple()
+ irq_domain_add_legacy()
+ irq_domain_add_legacy_isa()
The Legacy mapping is a special case for drivers that already have a
range of irq_descs allocated for the hwirqs. It is used when the
before any irq_find_mapping() since the latter will actually work
for the static IRQ assignment case.
-==== Hierarchy IRQ domain ====
+Hierarchy IRQ domain
+--------------------
+
On some architectures, there may be multiple interrupt controllers
involved in delivering an interrupt from the device to the target CPU.
-Let's look at a typical interrupt delivering path on x86 platforms:
+Let's look at a typical interrupt delivering path on x86 platforms::
-Device --> IOAPIC -> Interrupt remapping Controller -> Local APIC -> CPU
+ Device --> IOAPIC -> Interrupt remapping Controller -> Local APIC -> CPU
There are three interrupt controllers involved:
+
1) IOAPIC controller
2) Interrupt remapping controller
3) Local APIC controller
interrupt controller and those irq_domains are organized into hierarchy.
When building irq_domain hierarchy, the irq_domain near to the device is
child and the irq_domain near to CPU is parent. So a hierarchy structure
-as below will be built for the example above.
+as below will be built for the example above::
+
CPU Vector irq_domain (root irq_domain to manage CPU vectors)
^
|
IOAPIC irq_domain (manage IOAPIC delivery entries/pins)
There are four major interfaces to use hierarchy irq_domain:
+
1) irq_domain_alloc_irqs(): allocate IRQ descriptors and interrupt
controller related resources to deliver these interrupts.
2) irq_domain_free_irqs(): free IRQ descriptors and interrupt controller
4) irq_domain_deactivate_irq(): deactivate interrupt controller hardware
to stop delivering the interrupt.
-Following changes are needed to support hierarchy irq_domain.
+Following changes are needed to support hierarchy irq_domain:
+
1) a new field 'parent' is added to struct irq_domain; it's used to
maintain irq_domain hierarchy information.
2) a new field 'parent_data' is added to struct irq_data; it's used to
For an interrupt controller driver to support hierarchy irq_domain, it
needs to:
+
1) Implement irq_domain_ops.alloc and irq_domain_ops.free
2) Optionally implement irq_domain_ops.activate and
irq_domain_ops.deactivate.