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1/*
2 * AioContext multithreading tests
3 *
4 * Copyright Red Hat, Inc. 2016
5 *
6 * Authors:
7 * Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
8 *
9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2 or later.
10 * See the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory.
11 */
12
13#include "qemu/osdep.h"
0c330a73 14#include "block/aio.h"
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15#include "qemu/coroutine.h"
16#include "qemu/thread.h"
17#include "qemu/error-report.h"
18#include "iothread.h"
19
20/* AioContext management */
21
22#define NUM_CONTEXTS 5
23
24static IOThread *threads[NUM_CONTEXTS];
25static AioContext *ctx[NUM_CONTEXTS];
26static __thread int id = -1;
27
28static QemuEvent done_event;
29
30/* Run a function synchronously on a remote iothread. */
31
32typedef struct CtxRunData {
33 QEMUBHFunc *cb;
34 void *arg;
35} CtxRunData;
36
37static void ctx_run_bh_cb(void *opaque)
38{
39 CtxRunData *data = opaque;
40
41 data->cb(data->arg);
42 qemu_event_set(&done_event);
43}
44
45static void ctx_run(int i, QEMUBHFunc *cb, void *opaque)
46{
47 CtxRunData data = {
48 .cb = cb,
49 .arg = opaque
50 };
51
52 qemu_event_reset(&done_event);
53 aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(ctx[i], ctx_run_bh_cb, &data);
54 qemu_event_wait(&done_event);
55}
56
57/* Starting the iothreads. */
58
59static void set_id_cb(void *opaque)
60{
61 int *i = opaque;
62
63 id = *i;
64}
65
66static void create_aio_contexts(void)
67{
68 int i;
69
70 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
71 threads[i] = iothread_new();
72 ctx[i] = iothread_get_aio_context(threads[i]);
73 }
74
75 qemu_event_init(&done_event, false);
76 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
77 ctx_run(i, set_id_cb, &i);
78 }
79}
80
81/* Stopping the iothreads. */
82
83static void join_aio_contexts(void)
84{
85 int i;
86
87 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
88 aio_context_ref(ctx[i]);
89 }
90 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
91 iothread_join(threads[i]);
92 }
93 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
94 aio_context_unref(ctx[i]);
95 }
96 qemu_event_destroy(&done_event);
97}
98
99/* Basic test for the stuff above. */
100
101static void test_lifecycle(void)
102{
103 create_aio_contexts();
104 join_aio_contexts();
105}
106
107/* aio_co_schedule test. */
108
109static Coroutine *to_schedule[NUM_CONTEXTS];
110
111static bool now_stopping;
112
113static int count_retry;
114static int count_here;
115static int count_other;
116
117static bool schedule_next(int n)
118{
119 Coroutine *co;
120
121 co = atomic_xchg(&to_schedule[n], NULL);
122 if (!co) {
123 atomic_inc(&count_retry);
124 return false;
125 }
126
127 if (n == id) {
128 atomic_inc(&count_here);
129 } else {
130 atomic_inc(&count_other);
131 }
132
133 aio_co_schedule(ctx[n], co);
134 return true;
135}
136
137static void finish_cb(void *opaque)
138{
139 schedule_next(id);
140}
141
142static coroutine_fn void test_multi_co_schedule_entry(void *opaque)
143{
144 g_assert(to_schedule[id] == NULL);
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145
146 while (!atomic_mb_read(&now_stopping)) {
147 int n;
148
149 n = g_test_rand_int_range(0, NUM_CONTEXTS);
150 schedule_next(n);
0c330a73 151
0c330a73 152 atomic_mb_set(&to_schedule[id], qemu_coroutine_self());
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153 qemu_coroutine_yield();
154 g_assert(to_schedule[id] == NULL);
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155 }
156}
157
158
159static void test_multi_co_schedule(int seconds)
160{
161 int i;
162
163 count_here = count_other = count_retry = 0;
164 now_stopping = false;
165
166 create_aio_contexts();
167 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
168 Coroutine *co1 = qemu_coroutine_create(test_multi_co_schedule_entry, NULL);
169 aio_co_schedule(ctx[i], co1);
170 }
171
172 g_usleep(seconds * 1000000);
173
174 atomic_mb_set(&now_stopping, true);
175 for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONTEXTS; i++) {
176 ctx_run(i, finish_cb, NULL);
177 to_schedule[i] = NULL;
178 }
179
180 join_aio_contexts();
13ee9e30 181 g_test_message("scheduled %d, queued %d, retry %d, total %d",
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182 count_other, count_here, count_retry,
183 count_here + count_other + count_retry);
184}
185
186static void test_multi_co_schedule_1(void)
187{
188 test_multi_co_schedule(1);
189}
190
191static void test_multi_co_schedule_10(void)
192{
193 test_multi_co_schedule(10);
194}
195
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196/* CoMutex thread-safety. */
197
198static uint32_t atomic_counter;
199static uint32_t running;
200static uint32_t counter;
201static CoMutex comutex;
202
203static void coroutine_fn test_multi_co_mutex_entry(void *opaque)
204{
205 while (!atomic_mb_read(&now_stopping)) {
206 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&comutex);
207 counter++;
208 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&comutex);
209
210 /* Increase atomic_counter *after* releasing the mutex. Otherwise
211 * there is a chance (it happens about 1 in 3 runs) that the iothread
212 * exits before the coroutine is woken up, causing a spurious
213 * assertion failure.
214 */
215 atomic_inc(&atomic_counter);
216 }
217 atomic_dec(&running);
218}
219
220static void test_multi_co_mutex(int threads, int seconds)
221{
222 int i;
223
224 qemu_co_mutex_init(&comutex);
225 counter = 0;
226 atomic_counter = 0;
227 now_stopping = false;
228
229 create_aio_contexts();
230 assert(threads <= NUM_CONTEXTS);
231 running = threads;
232 for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
233 Coroutine *co1 = qemu_coroutine_create(test_multi_co_mutex_entry, NULL);
234 aio_co_schedule(ctx[i], co1);
235 }
236
237 g_usleep(seconds * 1000000);
238
239 atomic_mb_set(&now_stopping, true);
240 while (running > 0) {
241 g_usleep(100000);
242 }
243
244 join_aio_contexts();
13ee9e30 245 g_test_message("%d iterations/second", counter / seconds);
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246 g_assert_cmpint(counter, ==, atomic_counter);
247}
248
249/* Testing with NUM_CONTEXTS threads focuses on the queue. The mutex however
250 * is too contended (and the threads spend too much time in aio_poll)
251 * to actually stress the handoff protocol.
252 */
253static void test_multi_co_mutex_1(void)
254{
255 test_multi_co_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 1);
256}
257
258static void test_multi_co_mutex_10(void)
259{
260 test_multi_co_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 10);
261}
262
263/* Testing with fewer threads stresses the handoff protocol too. Still, the
264 * case where the locker _can_ pick up a handoff is very rare, happening
265 * about 10 times in 1 million, so increase the runtime a bit compared to
266 * other "quick" testcases that only run for 1 second.
267 */
268static void test_multi_co_mutex_2_3(void)
269{
270 test_multi_co_mutex(2, 3);
271}
272
273static void test_multi_co_mutex_2_30(void)
274{
275 test_multi_co_mutex(2, 30);
276}
277
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278/* Same test with fair mutexes, for performance comparison. */
279
280#ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
281#include "qemu/futex.h"
282
283/* The nodes for the mutex reside in this structure (on which we try to avoid
284 * false sharing). The head of the mutex is in the "mutex_head" variable.
285 */
286static struct {
287 int next, locked;
288 int padding[14];
289} nodes[NUM_CONTEXTS] __attribute__((__aligned__(64)));
290
291static int mutex_head = -1;
292
293static void mcs_mutex_lock(void)
294{
295 int prev;
296
297 nodes[id].next = -1;
298 nodes[id].locked = 1;
299 prev = atomic_xchg(&mutex_head, id);
300 if (prev != -1) {
301 atomic_set(&nodes[prev].next, id);
302 qemu_futex_wait(&nodes[id].locked, 1);
303 }
304}
305
306static void mcs_mutex_unlock(void)
307{
308 int next;
3b1d8169 309 if (atomic_read(&nodes[id].next) == -1) {
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310 if (atomic_read(&mutex_head) == id &&
311 atomic_cmpxchg(&mutex_head, id, -1) == id) {
312 /* Last item in the list, exit. */
313 return;
314 }
315 while (atomic_read(&nodes[id].next) == -1) {
316 /* mcs_mutex_lock did the xchg, but has not updated
317 * nodes[prev].next yet.
318 */
319 }
320 }
321
322 /* Wake up the next in line. */
3b1d8169 323 next = atomic_read(&nodes[id].next);
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324 nodes[next].locked = 0;
325 qemu_futex_wake(&nodes[next].locked, 1);
326}
327
328static void test_multi_fair_mutex_entry(void *opaque)
329{
330 while (!atomic_mb_read(&now_stopping)) {
331 mcs_mutex_lock();
332 counter++;
333 mcs_mutex_unlock();
334 atomic_inc(&atomic_counter);
335 }
336 atomic_dec(&running);
337}
338
339static void test_multi_fair_mutex(int threads, int seconds)
340{
341 int i;
342
343 assert(mutex_head == -1);
344 counter = 0;
345 atomic_counter = 0;
346 now_stopping = false;
347
348 create_aio_contexts();
349 assert(threads <= NUM_CONTEXTS);
350 running = threads;
351 for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
352 Coroutine *co1 = qemu_coroutine_create(test_multi_fair_mutex_entry, NULL);
353 aio_co_schedule(ctx[i], co1);
354 }
355
356 g_usleep(seconds * 1000000);
357
358 atomic_mb_set(&now_stopping, true);
359 while (running > 0) {
360 g_usleep(100000);
361 }
362
363 join_aio_contexts();
13ee9e30 364 g_test_message("%d iterations/second", counter / seconds);
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365 g_assert_cmpint(counter, ==, atomic_counter);
366}
367
368static void test_multi_fair_mutex_1(void)
369{
370 test_multi_fair_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 1);
371}
372
373static void test_multi_fair_mutex_10(void)
374{
375 test_multi_fair_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 10);
376}
377#endif
378
379/* Same test with pthread mutexes, for performance comparison and
380 * portability. */
381
382static QemuMutex mutex;
383
384static void test_multi_mutex_entry(void *opaque)
385{
386 while (!atomic_mb_read(&now_stopping)) {
387 qemu_mutex_lock(&mutex);
388 counter++;
389 qemu_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
390 atomic_inc(&atomic_counter);
391 }
392 atomic_dec(&running);
393}
394
395static void test_multi_mutex(int threads, int seconds)
396{
397 int i;
398
399 qemu_mutex_init(&mutex);
400 counter = 0;
401 atomic_counter = 0;
402 now_stopping = false;
403
404 create_aio_contexts();
405 assert(threads <= NUM_CONTEXTS);
406 running = threads;
407 for (i = 0; i < threads; i++) {
408 Coroutine *co1 = qemu_coroutine_create(test_multi_mutex_entry, NULL);
409 aio_co_schedule(ctx[i], co1);
410 }
411
412 g_usleep(seconds * 1000000);
413
414 atomic_mb_set(&now_stopping, true);
415 while (running > 0) {
416 g_usleep(100000);
417 }
418
419 join_aio_contexts();
13ee9e30 420 g_test_message("%d iterations/second", counter / seconds);
c05df34a
PB
421 g_assert_cmpint(counter, ==, atomic_counter);
422}
423
424static void test_multi_mutex_1(void)
425{
426 test_multi_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 1);
427}
428
429static void test_multi_mutex_10(void)
430{
431 test_multi_mutex(NUM_CONTEXTS, 10);
432}
433
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PB
434/* End of tests. */
435
436int main(int argc, char **argv)
437{
3f53bc61 438 init_clocks(NULL);
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PB
439
440 g_test_init(&argc, &argv, NULL);
441 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/lifecycle", test_lifecycle);
442 if (g_test_quick()) {
443 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/schedule", test_multi_co_schedule_1);
fed20a70
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444 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/contended", test_multi_co_mutex_1);
445 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/handoff", test_multi_co_mutex_2_3);
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446#ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
447 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/mcs", test_multi_fair_mutex_1);
448#endif
449 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/pthread", test_multi_mutex_1);
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450 } else {
451 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/schedule", test_multi_co_schedule_10);
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452 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/contended", test_multi_co_mutex_10);
453 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/handoff", test_multi_co_mutex_2_30);
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454#ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
455 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/mcs", test_multi_fair_mutex_10);
456#endif
457 g_test_add_func("/aio/multi/mutex/pthread", test_multi_mutex_10);
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458 }
459 return g_test_run();
460}