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25 | <div class="section"> | |
26 | <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"> | |
27 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt"></a><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html" title="Fiber management">Fiber management</a> | |
28 | </h2></div></div></div> | |
29 | <div class="toc"><dl> | |
30 | <dt><span class="section"><a href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html">Class | |
31 | <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span></code></a></span></dt> | |
32 | <dt><span class="section"><a href="fiber_mgmt/id.html">Class fiber::id</a></span></dt> | |
33 | <dt><span class="section"><a href="fiber_mgmt/this_fiber.html">Namespace this_fiber</a></span></dt> | |
34 | </dl></div> | |
35 | <h4> | |
36 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h0"></a> | |
37 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.synopsis"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.synopsis">Synopsis</a> | |
38 | </h4> | |
39 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">all</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span> | |
40 | ||
41 | <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
42 | <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">fibers</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
43 | ||
44 | <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
45 | <span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special"><(</span> <span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">r</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
46 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">swap</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">r</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
47 | ||
48 | <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">SchedAlgo</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">Args</span> <span class="special">></span> | |
49 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">use_scheduling_algorithm</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">Args</span> <span class="special">&&</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">args</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
50 | <span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="identifier">has_ready_fibers</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
51 | ||
52 | <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">algo</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
53 | ||
54 | <span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">algorithm</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
55 | <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">PROPS</span> <span class="special">></span> | |
56 | <span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">algorithm_with_properties</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
57 | <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">round_robin</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
58 | <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">shared_round_robin</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
59 | ||
60 | <span class="special">}</span> | |
61 | ||
62 | <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">this_fiber</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
63 | ||
64 | <span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span> <span class="identifier">get_id</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">noexcept</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
65 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">yield</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
66 | <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Clock</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Duration</span> <span class="special">></span> | |
67 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">sleep_until</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">chrono</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">time_point</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Clock</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Duration</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">abs_time</span><span class="special">)</span> | |
68 | <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Rep</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Period</span> <span class="special">></span> | |
69 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">sleep_for</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">chrono</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">duration</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Rep</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Period</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rel_time</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
70 | <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">PROPS</span> <span class="special">></span> | |
71 | <span class="identifier">PROPS</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">properties</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
72 | ||
73 | <span class="special">}}</span> | |
74 | </pre> | |
75 | <h4> | |
76 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h1"></a> | |
77 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.tutorial"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.tutorial">Tutorial</a> | |
78 | </h4> | |
79 | <p> | |
80 | Each <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> represents a micro-thread which will be launched and managed | |
81 | cooperatively by a scheduler. Objects of type <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> are move-only. | |
82 | </p> | |
83 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">f1</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// not-a-fiber</span> | |
84 | ||
85 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
86 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">f2</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
87 | ||
88 | <span class="identifier">f1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">move</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">f2</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// f2 moved to f1</span> | |
89 | <span class="special">}</span> | |
90 | </pre> | |
91 | <h4> | |
92 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h2"></a> | |
93 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.launching"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.launching">Launching</a> | |
94 | </h4> | |
95 | <p> | |
96 | A new fiber is launched by passing an object of a callable type that can be | |
97 | invoked with no parameters. If the object must not be copied or moved, then | |
98 | <span class="emphasis"><em>std::ref</em></span> can be used to pass in a reference to the function | |
99 | object. In this case, the user must ensure that the referenced object outlives | |
100 | the newly-created fiber. | |
101 | </p> | |
102 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">callable</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
103 | <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()();</span> | |
104 | <span class="special">};</span> | |
105 | ||
106 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">copies_are_safe</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
107 | <span class="identifier">callable</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
108 | <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
109 | <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// x is destroyed, but the newly-created fiber has a copy, so this is OK</span> | |
110 | ||
111 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">oops</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
112 | <span class="identifier">callable</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">;</span> | |
113 | <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ref</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span> | |
114 | <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// x is destroyed, but the newly-created fiber still has a reference</span> | |
115 | <span class="comment">// this leads to undefined behaviour</span> | |
116 | </pre> | |
117 | <p> | |
118 | The spawned <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> does not immediately start running. It is enqueued | |
119 | in the list of ready-to-run fibers, and will run when the scheduler gets around | |
120 | to it. | |
121 | </p> | |
122 | <a name="exceptions"></a><h4> | |
123 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h3"></a> | |
124 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.exceptions"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.exceptions">Exceptions</a> | |
125 | </h4> | |
126 | <p> | |
127 | An exception escaping from the function or callable object passed to the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> | |
128 | constructor | |
129 | calls <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">terminate</span><span class="special">()</span></code>. | |
130 | If you need to know which exception was thrown, use <a class="link" href="synchronization/futures/future.html#class_future"><code class="computeroutput">future<></code></a> or | |
131 | <a class="link" href="synchronization/futures/packaged_task.html#class_packaged_task"><code class="computeroutput">packaged_task<></code></a>. | |
132 | </p> | |
133 | <h4> | |
134 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h4"></a> | |
135 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.detaching"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.detaching">Detaching</a> | |
136 | </h4> | |
137 | <p> | |
138 | A <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> can be detached by explicitly invoking the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_detach"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::detach()</code></a> member | |
139 | function. After <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_detach"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::detach()</code></a> is called on a fiber object, that | |
140 | object represents <span class="emphasis"><em>not-a-fiber</em></span>. The fiber object may then | |
141 | safely be destroyed. | |
142 | </p> | |
143 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">).</span><span class="identifier">detach</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
144 | </pre> | |
145 | <p> | |
146 | <span class="bold"><strong>Boost.Fiber</strong></span> provides a number of ways to wait | |
147 | for a running fiber to complete. You can coordinate even with a detached fiber | |
148 | using a <a class="link" href="synchronization/mutex_types.html#class_mutex"><code class="computeroutput">mutex</code></a>, or <a class="link" href="synchronization/conditions.html#class_condition_variable"><code class="computeroutput">condition_variable</code></a>, or | |
149 | any of the other <a class="link" href="synchronization.html#synchronization">synchronization objects</a> | |
150 | provided by the library. | |
151 | </p> | |
152 | <p> | |
153 | If a detached fiber is still running when the thread’s main fiber terminates, | |
154 | the thread will not shut down. | |
155 | </p> | |
156 | <h4> | |
157 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h5"></a> | |
158 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.joining"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.joining">Joining</a> | |
159 | </h4> | |
160 | <p> | |
161 | In order to wait for a fiber to finish, the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_join"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::join()</code></a> member function | |
162 | of the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> object can be used. <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_join"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::join()</code></a> will block | |
163 | until the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> object has completed. | |
164 | </p> | |
165 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
166 | <span class="special">...</span> | |
167 | <span class="special">}</span> | |
168 | ||
169 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
170 | <span class="special">...</span> | |
171 | <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">join</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
172 | </pre> | |
173 | <p> | |
174 | If the fiber has already completed, then <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_join"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::join()</code></a> returns immediately | |
175 | and the joined <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> object becomes <span class="emphasis"><em>not-a-fiber</em></span>. | |
176 | </p> | |
177 | <h4> | |
178 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h6"></a> | |
179 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.destruction"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.destruction">Destruction</a> | |
180 | </h4> | |
181 | <p> | |
182 | When a <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> object representing a valid execution context (the fiber | |
183 | is <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_joinable"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::joinable()</code></a>) is destroyed, the program terminates. If | |
184 | you intend the fiber to outlive the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> object that launched it, | |
185 | use the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_detach"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::detach()</code></a> method. | |
186 | </p> | |
187 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="special">{</span> | |
188 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
189 | <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// std::terminate() will be called</span> | |
190 | ||
191 | <span class="special">{</span> | |
192 | <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fibers</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">fiber</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">some_fn</span><span class="special">);</span> | |
193 | <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">detach</span><span class="special">();</span> | |
194 | <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// okay, program continues</span> | |
195 | </pre> | |
196 | <a name="class_fiber_id"></a><h4> | |
197 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h7"></a> | |
198 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.fiber_ids"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.fiber_ids">Fiber | |
199 | IDs</a> | |
200 | </h4> | |
201 | <p> | |
202 | Objects of class <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a> can be | |
203 | used to identify fibers. Each running <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> has a unique <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a> obtainable | |
204 | from the corresponding <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#class_fiber"><code class="computeroutput">fiber</code></a> | |
205 | by calling the <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt/fiber.html#fiber_get_id"><code class="computeroutput">fiber::get_id()</code></a> member | |
206 | function. Objects of class <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a> can be | |
207 | copied, and used as keys in associative containers: the full range of comparison | |
208 | operators is provided. They can also be written to an output stream using the | |
209 | stream insertion operator, though the output format is unspecified. | |
210 | </p> | |
211 | <p> | |
212 | Each instance of <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a> either | |
213 | refers to some fiber, or <span class="emphasis"><em>not-a-fiber</em></span>. Instances that refer | |
214 | to <span class="emphasis"><em>not-a-fiber</em></span> compare equal to each other, but not equal | |
215 | to any instances that refer to an actual fiber. The comparison operators on | |
216 | <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a> yield a total order for every non-equal | |
217 | <a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#class_fiber_id"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">fiber</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">id</span></code></a>. | |
218 | </p> | |
219 | <a name="class_launch"></a><h4> | |
220 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h8"></a> | |
221 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.enumeration__code__phrase_role__identifier__launch__phrase___code_"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt.enumeration__code__phrase_role__identifier__launch__phrase___code_">Enumeration | |
222 | <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">launch</span></code></a> | |
223 | </h4> | |
224 | <p> | |
225 | <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">launch</span></code> specifies whether control | |
226 | passes immediately into a newly-launched fiber. | |
227 | </p> | |
228 | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">launch</span> <span class="special">{</span> | |
229 | <span class="identifier">dispatch</span><span class="special">,</span> | |
230 | <span class="identifier">post</span> | |
231 | <span class="special">};</span> | |
232 | </pre> | |
233 | <h4> | |
234 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h9"></a> | |
235 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt._code__phrase_role__identifier__dispatch__phrase___code_"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt._code__phrase_role__identifier__dispatch__phrase___code_"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">dispatch</span></code></a> | |
236 | </h4> | |
237 | <div class="variablelist"> | |
238 | <p class="title"><b></b></p> | |
239 | <dl> | |
240 | <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> | |
241 | <dd><p> | |
242 | A fiber launched with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">launch</span> | |
243 | <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">dispatch</span></code> | |
244 | is entered immediately. In other words, launching a fiber with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">dispatch</span></code> suspends the caller (the previously-running | |
245 | fiber) until the fiber scheduler has a chance to resume it later. | |
246 | </p></dd> | |
247 | </dl> | |
248 | </div> | |
249 | <h4> | |
250 | <a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt.h10"></a> | |
251 | <span><a name="fiber.fiber_mgmt._code__phrase_role__identifier__post__phrase___code_"></a></span><a class="link" href="fiber_mgmt.html#fiber.fiber_mgmt._code__phrase_role__identifier__post__phrase___code_"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">post</span></code></a> | |
252 | </h4> | |
253 | <div class="variablelist"> | |
254 | <p class="title"><b></b></p> | |
255 | <dl> | |
256 | <dt><span class="term">Effects:</span></dt> | |
257 | <dd><p> | |
258 | A fiber launched with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">launch</span> | |
259 | <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">post</span></code> | |
260 | is passed to the fiber scheduler as ready, but it is not yet entered. | |
261 | The caller (the previously-running fiber) continues executing. The newly-launched | |
262 | fiber will be entered when the fiber scheduler has a chance to resume | |
263 | it later. | |
264 | </p></dd> | |
265 | <dt><span class="term">Note:</span></dt> | |
266 | <dd><p> | |
267 | If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">launch</span></code> is not explicitly | |
268 | specified, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">post</span></code> is the | |
269 | default. | |
270 | </p></dd> | |
271 | </dl> | |
272 | </div> | |
273 | </div> | |
274 | <table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr> | |
275 | <td align="left"></td> | |
276 | <td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2013 Oliver Kowalke<p> | |
277 | Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying | |
278 | file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) | |
279 | </p> | |
280 | </div></td> | |
281 | </tr></table> | |
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