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1 | Installation | |
2 | ============ | |
3 | ||
4 | {pmg} is based on Debian and comes with an installation CD-ROM | |
5 | which includes a complete Debian ("stretch" for version 5.x) system as | |
6 | well as all necessary {pmg} packages. | |
7 | ||
8 | The installer just asks you a few questions, then partitions the local | |
9 | disk(s), installs all required packages, and configures the system | |
10 | including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system | |
11 | within a few minutes. This is the preferred and recommended | |
12 | installation method. | |
13 | ||
14 | Alternatively, {pmg} can be installed on top of an existing Debian | |
15 | system. This option is only recommended for advanced users since | |
16 | it requires more detailed knowledge about {pmg} and Debian. | |
17 | ||
18 | Using the {pmg} Installation CD-ROM | |
19 | ----------------------------------- | |
20 | ||
21 | Includes the following: | |
22 | ||
23 | * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit) | |
24 | ||
25 | * Partitioning of the hard drive(s) containing the operating system | |
26 | with ext4, ext3, xfs or ZFS | |
27 | ||
28 | * Linux kernel | |
29 | ||
30 | * Postfix MTA, ClamAV, Spamassassin and the {pmg} toolset | |
31 | ||
32 | * Web based management interface for using the toolset | |
33 | ||
34 | Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that | |
35 | drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu | |
36 | options: | |
37 | ||
38 | image::images/installer/pmg-grub-menu.png[] | |
39 | ||
40 | Install {pmg}:: | |
41 | ||
42 | Start normal installation. | |
43 | ||
44 | Install {pmg} (Debug mode):: | |
45 | ||
46 | Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several | |
47 | installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes | |
48 | wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue | |
49 | installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for | |
50 | general use. | |
51 | ||
52 | Rescue Boot:: | |
53 | ||
54 | This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches | |
55 | all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation, | |
56 | boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This | |
57 | can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the | |
58 | BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk. | |
59 | ||
60 | Test Memory:: | |
61 | ||
62 | Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is | |
63 | functional and error free. | |
64 | ||
65 | You normally select *Install {pmg}* to start the installation. First | |
66 | step ist to read our EULA (End User License Agreement). | |
67 | ||
68 | image::images/installer/pmg-license-agreement.png[] | |
69 | ||
70 | After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). | |
71 | ||
72 | NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is | |
73 | removed. | |
74 | ||
75 | image::images/installer/pmg-select-target-disk.png[] | |
76 | ||
77 | The `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which | |
78 | defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`, | |
79 | `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to | |
80 | restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>) | |
81 | ||
82 | If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system. | |
83 | ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful | |
84 | if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button | |
85 | lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there. | |
86 | ||
87 | The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time | |
88 | zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address | |
89 | and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters). | |
90 | ||
91 | The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can | |
92 | use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a | |
93 | dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation. | |
94 | ||
95 | If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and | |
96 | copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished, | |
97 | then reboot the server. | |
98 | ||
99 | Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just | |
100 | point your browser to the IP address given during installation | |
101 | (https://youripaddress:8006). | |
102 | ||
103 | NOTE: Default login is "root" and the root password is | |
104 | defined during the installation process. | |
105 | ||
106 | ||
107 | [[advanced_lvm_options]] | |
108 | Advanced LVM Configuration Options | |
109 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
110 | ||
111 | The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pmg`, and additional | |
112 | Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root` and `swap`. The size of | |
113 | those volumes can be controlled with: | |
114 | ||
115 | `hdsize`:: | |
116 | ||
117 | Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free | |
118 | space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV | |
119 | and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage). | |
120 | ||
121 | `swapsize`:: | |
122 | ||
123 | Defines the size of the `swap` volume. The default is the size of the | |
124 | installed memory, minimum 4 GB and maximum 8 GB. The resulting value cannot | |
125 | be greater than `hdsize/8`. | |
126 | ||
127 | `maxroot`:: | |
128 | ||
129 | Defines the maximum size of the `root` volume, which stores the operation | |
130 | system. The maximum limit of the `root` volume size is `hdsize/4`. | |
131 | ||
132 | `maxvz`:: | |
133 | ||
134 | Defines the maximum size of the `data` volume. The actual size of the `data` | |
135 | volume is: | |
136 | + | |
137 | `datasize = hdsize - rootsize - swapsize - minfree` | |
138 | + | |
139 | Where `datasize` cannot be bigger than `maxvz`. | |
140 | ||
141 | `minfree`:: | |
142 | ||
143 | Defines the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`. | |
144 | With more than 128GB storage available the default is 16GB, else `hdsize/8` | |
145 | will be used. | |
146 | + | |
147 | NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not | |
148 | required for lvmthin snapshots). | |
149 | ||
150 | ||
151 | ZFS Performance Tips | |
152 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
153 | ||
154 | ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you | |
155 | want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB | |
156 | RAW disk space. | |
157 | ||
158 | ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The | |
159 | write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after | |
160 | installation using the following command: | |
161 | ||
162 | zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd> | |
163 | ||
164 | ||
165 | Install {pmg} on Debian | |
166 | ----------------------- | |
167 | ||
168 | {pmg} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can install it | |
169 | on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the | |
170 | repositories, you need to run: | |
171 | ||
172 | [source,bash] | |
173 | ---- | |
174 | apt-get update | |
175 | apt-get install proxmox-mailgateway | |
176 | ---- | |
177 | ||
178 | Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but | |
179 | it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you | |
180 | know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network | |
181 | configuration is also completely up to you. | |
182 | ||
183 | NOTE: In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or | |
184 | ZFS. |