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1 /*
2 * QEMU live block migration
3 *
4 * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2009
5 *
6 * Authors:
7 * Liran Schour <lirans@il.ibm.com>
8 *
9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
10 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
11 *
12 * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13 * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
14 */
15
16 #include "qemu-common.h"
17 #include "block_int.h"
18 #include "hw/hw.h"
19 #include "qemu-queue.h"
20 #include "qemu-timer.h"
21 #include "block-migration.h"
22 #include "migration.h"
23 #include "blockdev.h"
24 #include <assert.h>
25
26 #define BLOCK_SIZE (BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
27
28 #define BLK_MIG_FLAG_DEVICE_BLOCK 0x01
29 #define BLK_MIG_FLAG_EOS 0x02
30 #define BLK_MIG_FLAG_PROGRESS 0x04
31
32 #define MAX_IS_ALLOCATED_SEARCH 65536
33
34 //#define DEBUG_BLK_MIGRATION
35
36 #ifdef DEBUG_BLK_MIGRATION
37 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
38 do { printf("blk_migration: " fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
39 #else
40 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
41 do { } while (0)
42 #endif
43
44 typedef struct BlkMigDevState {
45 BlockDriverState *bs;
46 int bulk_completed;
47 int shared_base;
48 int64_t cur_sector;
49 int64_t cur_dirty;
50 int64_t completed_sectors;
51 int64_t total_sectors;
52 int64_t dirty;
53 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlkMigDevState) entry;
54 unsigned long *aio_bitmap;
55 } BlkMigDevState;
56
57 typedef struct BlkMigBlock {
58 uint8_t *buf;
59 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
60 int64_t sector;
61 int nr_sectors;
62 struct iovec iov;
63 QEMUIOVector qiov;
64 BlockDriverAIOCB *aiocb;
65 int ret;
66 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlkMigBlock) entry;
67 } BlkMigBlock;
68
69 typedef struct BlkMigState {
70 int blk_enable;
71 int shared_base;
72 QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(bmds_list, BlkMigDevState) bmds_list;
73 QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(blk_list, BlkMigBlock) blk_list;
74 int submitted;
75 int read_done;
76 int transferred;
77 int64_t total_sector_sum;
78 int prev_progress;
79 int bulk_completed;
80 long double total_time;
81 long double prev_time_offset;
82 int reads;
83 } BlkMigState;
84
85 static BlkMigState block_mig_state;
86
87 static void blk_send(QEMUFile *f, BlkMigBlock * blk)
88 {
89 int len;
90
91 /* sector number and flags */
92 qemu_put_be64(f, (blk->sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
93 | BLK_MIG_FLAG_DEVICE_BLOCK);
94
95 /* device name */
96 len = strlen(blk->bmds->bs->device_name);
97 qemu_put_byte(f, len);
98 qemu_put_buffer(f, (uint8_t *)blk->bmds->bs->device_name, len);
99
100 qemu_put_buffer(f, blk->buf, BLOCK_SIZE);
101 }
102
103 int blk_mig_active(void)
104 {
105 return !QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(&block_mig_state.bmds_list);
106 }
107
108 uint64_t blk_mig_bytes_transferred(void)
109 {
110 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
111 uint64_t sum = 0;
112
113 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
114 sum += bmds->completed_sectors;
115 }
116 return sum << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
117 }
118
119 uint64_t blk_mig_bytes_remaining(void)
120 {
121 return blk_mig_bytes_total() - blk_mig_bytes_transferred();
122 }
123
124 uint64_t blk_mig_bytes_total(void)
125 {
126 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
127 uint64_t sum = 0;
128
129 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
130 sum += bmds->total_sectors;
131 }
132 return sum << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
133 }
134
135 static inline long double compute_read_bwidth(void)
136 {
137 assert(block_mig_state.total_time != 0);
138 return (block_mig_state.reads / block_mig_state.total_time) * BLOCK_SIZE;
139 }
140
141 static int bmds_aio_inflight(BlkMigDevState *bmds, int64_t sector)
142 {
143 int64_t chunk = sector / (int64_t)BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
144
145 if ((sector << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS) < bdrv_getlength(bmds->bs)) {
146 return !!(bmds->aio_bitmap[chunk / (sizeof(unsigned long) * 8)] &
147 (1UL << (chunk % (sizeof(unsigned long) * 8))));
148 } else {
149 return 0;
150 }
151 }
152
153 static void bmds_set_aio_inflight(BlkMigDevState *bmds, int64_t sector_num,
154 int nb_sectors, int set)
155 {
156 int64_t start, end;
157 unsigned long val, idx, bit;
158
159 start = sector_num / BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
160 end = (sector_num + nb_sectors - 1) / BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
161
162 for (; start <= end; start++) {
163 idx = start / (sizeof(unsigned long) * 8);
164 bit = start % (sizeof(unsigned long) * 8);
165 val = bmds->aio_bitmap[idx];
166 if (set) {
167 val |= 1UL << bit;
168 } else {
169 val &= ~(1UL << bit);
170 }
171 bmds->aio_bitmap[idx] = val;
172 }
173 }
174
175 static void alloc_aio_bitmap(BlkMigDevState *bmds)
176 {
177 BlockDriverState *bs = bmds->bs;
178 int64_t bitmap_size;
179
180 bitmap_size = (bdrv_getlength(bs) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS) +
181 BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK * 8 - 1;
182 bitmap_size /= BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK * 8;
183
184 bmds->aio_bitmap = g_malloc0(bitmap_size);
185 }
186
187 static void blk_mig_read_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
188 {
189 long double curr_time = qemu_get_clock_ns(rt_clock);
190 BlkMigBlock *blk = opaque;
191
192 blk->ret = ret;
193
194 block_mig_state.reads++;
195 block_mig_state.total_time += (curr_time - block_mig_state.prev_time_offset);
196 block_mig_state.prev_time_offset = curr_time;
197
198 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block_mig_state.blk_list, blk, entry);
199 bmds_set_aio_inflight(blk->bmds, blk->sector, blk->nr_sectors, 0);
200
201 block_mig_state.submitted--;
202 block_mig_state.read_done++;
203 assert(block_mig_state.submitted >= 0);
204 }
205
206 static int mig_save_device_bulk(QEMUFile *f, BlkMigDevState *bmds)
207 {
208 int64_t total_sectors = bmds->total_sectors;
209 int64_t cur_sector = bmds->cur_sector;
210 BlockDriverState *bs = bmds->bs;
211 BlkMigBlock *blk;
212 int nr_sectors;
213
214 if (bmds->shared_base) {
215 while (cur_sector < total_sectors &&
216 !bdrv_is_allocated(bs, cur_sector, MAX_IS_ALLOCATED_SEARCH,
217 &nr_sectors)) {
218 cur_sector += nr_sectors;
219 }
220 }
221
222 if (cur_sector >= total_sectors) {
223 bmds->cur_sector = bmds->completed_sectors = total_sectors;
224 return 1;
225 }
226
227 bmds->completed_sectors = cur_sector;
228
229 cur_sector &= ~((int64_t)BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK - 1);
230
231 /* we are going to transfer a full block even if it is not allocated */
232 nr_sectors = BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
233
234 if (total_sectors - cur_sector < BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK) {
235 nr_sectors = total_sectors - cur_sector;
236 }
237
238 blk = g_malloc(sizeof(BlkMigBlock));
239 blk->buf = g_malloc(BLOCK_SIZE);
240 blk->bmds = bmds;
241 blk->sector = cur_sector;
242 blk->nr_sectors = nr_sectors;
243
244 blk->iov.iov_base = blk->buf;
245 blk->iov.iov_len = nr_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
246 qemu_iovec_init_external(&blk->qiov, &blk->iov, 1);
247
248 if (block_mig_state.submitted == 0) {
249 block_mig_state.prev_time_offset = qemu_get_clock_ns(rt_clock);
250 }
251
252 blk->aiocb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, cur_sector, &blk->qiov,
253 nr_sectors, blk_mig_read_cb, blk);
254 block_mig_state.submitted++;
255
256 bdrv_reset_dirty(bs, cur_sector, nr_sectors);
257 bmds->cur_sector = cur_sector + nr_sectors;
258
259 return (bmds->cur_sector >= total_sectors);
260 }
261
262 static void set_dirty_tracking(int enable)
263 {
264 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
265
266 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
267 bdrv_set_dirty_tracking(bmds->bs, enable);
268 }
269 }
270
271 static void init_blk_migration_it(void *opaque, BlockDriverState *bs)
272 {
273 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
274 int64_t sectors;
275
276 if (!bdrv_is_read_only(bs)) {
277 sectors = bdrv_getlength(bs) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
278 if (sectors <= 0) {
279 return;
280 }
281
282 bmds = g_malloc0(sizeof(BlkMigDevState));
283 bmds->bs = bs;
284 bmds->bulk_completed = 0;
285 bmds->total_sectors = sectors;
286 bmds->completed_sectors = 0;
287 bmds->shared_base = block_mig_state.shared_base;
288 alloc_aio_bitmap(bmds);
289 drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs));
290 bdrv_set_in_use(bs, 1);
291
292 block_mig_state.total_sector_sum += sectors;
293
294 if (bmds->shared_base) {
295 DPRINTF("Start migration for %s with shared base image\n",
296 bs->device_name);
297 } else {
298 DPRINTF("Start full migration for %s\n", bs->device_name);
299 }
300
301 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&block_mig_state.bmds_list, bmds, entry);
302 }
303 }
304
305 static void init_blk_migration(QEMUFile *f)
306 {
307 block_mig_state.submitted = 0;
308 block_mig_state.read_done = 0;
309 block_mig_state.transferred = 0;
310 block_mig_state.total_sector_sum = 0;
311 block_mig_state.prev_progress = -1;
312 block_mig_state.bulk_completed = 0;
313 block_mig_state.total_time = 0;
314 block_mig_state.reads = 0;
315
316 bdrv_iterate(init_blk_migration_it, NULL);
317 }
318
319 static int blk_mig_save_bulked_block(QEMUFile *f)
320 {
321 int64_t completed_sector_sum = 0;
322 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
323 int progress;
324 int ret = 0;
325
326 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
327 if (bmds->bulk_completed == 0) {
328 if (mig_save_device_bulk(f, bmds) == 1) {
329 /* completed bulk section for this device */
330 bmds->bulk_completed = 1;
331 }
332 completed_sector_sum += bmds->completed_sectors;
333 ret = 1;
334 break;
335 } else {
336 completed_sector_sum += bmds->completed_sectors;
337 }
338 }
339
340 if (block_mig_state.total_sector_sum != 0) {
341 progress = completed_sector_sum * 100 /
342 block_mig_state.total_sector_sum;
343 } else {
344 progress = 100;
345 }
346 if (progress != block_mig_state.prev_progress) {
347 block_mig_state.prev_progress = progress;
348 qemu_put_be64(f, (progress << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)
349 | BLK_MIG_FLAG_PROGRESS);
350 DPRINTF("Completed %d %%\r", progress);
351 }
352
353 return ret;
354 }
355
356 static void blk_mig_reset_dirty_cursor(void)
357 {
358 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
359
360 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
361 bmds->cur_dirty = 0;
362 }
363 }
364
365 static int mig_save_device_dirty(QEMUFile *f, BlkMigDevState *bmds,
366 int is_async)
367 {
368 BlkMigBlock *blk;
369 int64_t total_sectors = bmds->total_sectors;
370 int64_t sector;
371 int nr_sectors;
372 int ret = -EIO;
373
374 for (sector = bmds->cur_dirty; sector < bmds->total_sectors;) {
375 if (bmds_aio_inflight(bmds, sector)) {
376 bdrv_drain_all();
377 }
378 if (bdrv_get_dirty(bmds->bs, sector)) {
379
380 if (total_sectors - sector < BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK) {
381 nr_sectors = total_sectors - sector;
382 } else {
383 nr_sectors = BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
384 }
385 blk = g_malloc(sizeof(BlkMigBlock));
386 blk->buf = g_malloc(BLOCK_SIZE);
387 blk->bmds = bmds;
388 blk->sector = sector;
389 blk->nr_sectors = nr_sectors;
390
391 if (is_async) {
392 blk->iov.iov_base = blk->buf;
393 blk->iov.iov_len = nr_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
394 qemu_iovec_init_external(&blk->qiov, &blk->iov, 1);
395
396 if (block_mig_state.submitted == 0) {
397 block_mig_state.prev_time_offset = qemu_get_clock_ns(rt_clock);
398 }
399
400 blk->aiocb = bdrv_aio_readv(bmds->bs, sector, &blk->qiov,
401 nr_sectors, blk_mig_read_cb, blk);
402 block_mig_state.submitted++;
403 bmds_set_aio_inflight(bmds, sector, nr_sectors, 1);
404 } else {
405 ret = bdrv_read(bmds->bs, sector, blk->buf, nr_sectors);
406 if (ret < 0) {
407 goto error;
408 }
409 blk_send(f, blk);
410
411 g_free(blk->buf);
412 g_free(blk);
413 }
414
415 bdrv_reset_dirty(bmds->bs, sector, nr_sectors);
416 break;
417 }
418 sector += BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
419 bmds->cur_dirty = sector;
420 }
421
422 return (bmds->cur_dirty >= bmds->total_sectors);
423
424 error:
425 DPRINTF("Error reading sector %" PRId64 "\n", sector);
426 qemu_file_set_error(f, ret);
427 g_free(blk->buf);
428 g_free(blk);
429 return 0;
430 }
431
432 static int blk_mig_save_dirty_block(QEMUFile *f, int is_async)
433 {
434 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
435 int ret = 0;
436
437 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
438 if (mig_save_device_dirty(f, bmds, is_async) == 0) {
439 ret = 1;
440 break;
441 }
442 }
443
444 return ret;
445 }
446
447 static void flush_blks(QEMUFile* f)
448 {
449 BlkMigBlock *blk;
450
451 DPRINTF("%s Enter submitted %d read_done %d transferred %d\n",
452 __FUNCTION__, block_mig_state.submitted, block_mig_state.read_done,
453 block_mig_state.transferred);
454
455 while ((blk = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(&block_mig_state.blk_list)) != NULL) {
456 if (qemu_file_rate_limit(f)) {
457 break;
458 }
459 if (blk->ret < 0) {
460 qemu_file_set_error(f, blk->ret);
461 break;
462 }
463 blk_send(f, blk);
464
465 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&block_mig_state.blk_list, entry);
466 g_free(blk->buf);
467 g_free(blk);
468
469 block_mig_state.read_done--;
470 block_mig_state.transferred++;
471 assert(block_mig_state.read_done >= 0);
472 }
473
474 DPRINTF("%s Exit submitted %d read_done %d transferred %d\n", __FUNCTION__,
475 block_mig_state.submitted, block_mig_state.read_done,
476 block_mig_state.transferred);
477 }
478
479 static int64_t get_remaining_dirty(void)
480 {
481 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
482 int64_t dirty = 0;
483
484 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(bmds, &block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry) {
485 dirty += bdrv_get_dirty_count(bmds->bs);
486 }
487
488 return dirty * BLOCK_SIZE;
489 }
490
491 static int is_stage2_completed(void)
492 {
493 int64_t remaining_dirty;
494 long double bwidth;
495
496 if (block_mig_state.bulk_completed == 1) {
497
498 remaining_dirty = get_remaining_dirty();
499 if (remaining_dirty == 0) {
500 return 1;
501 }
502
503 bwidth = compute_read_bwidth();
504
505 if ((remaining_dirty / bwidth) <=
506 migrate_max_downtime()) {
507 /* finish stage2 because we think that we can finish remaining work
508 below max_downtime */
509
510 return 1;
511 }
512 }
513
514 return 0;
515 }
516
517 static void blk_mig_cleanup(void)
518 {
519 BlkMigDevState *bmds;
520 BlkMigBlock *blk;
521
522 set_dirty_tracking(0);
523
524 while ((bmds = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(&block_mig_state.bmds_list)) != NULL) {
525 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&block_mig_state.bmds_list, entry);
526 bdrv_set_in_use(bmds->bs, 0);
527 drive_put_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bmds->bs));
528 g_free(bmds->aio_bitmap);
529 g_free(bmds);
530 }
531
532 while ((blk = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(&block_mig_state.blk_list)) != NULL) {
533 QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&block_mig_state.blk_list, entry);
534 g_free(blk->buf);
535 g_free(blk);
536 }
537 }
538
539 static int block_save_live(QEMUFile *f, int stage, void *opaque)
540 {
541 int ret;
542
543 DPRINTF("Enter save live stage %d submitted %d transferred %d\n",
544 stage, block_mig_state.submitted, block_mig_state.transferred);
545
546 if (stage < 0) {
547 blk_mig_cleanup();
548 return 0;
549 }
550
551 if (block_mig_state.blk_enable != 1) {
552 /* no need to migrate storage */
553 qemu_put_be64(f, BLK_MIG_FLAG_EOS);
554 return 1;
555 }
556
557 if (stage == 1) {
558 init_blk_migration(f);
559
560 /* start track dirty blocks */
561 set_dirty_tracking(1);
562 }
563
564 flush_blks(f);
565
566 ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
567 if (ret) {
568 blk_mig_cleanup();
569 return ret;
570 }
571
572 blk_mig_reset_dirty_cursor();
573
574 if (stage == 2) {
575 /* control the rate of transfer */
576 while ((block_mig_state.submitted +
577 block_mig_state.read_done) * BLOCK_SIZE <
578 qemu_file_get_rate_limit(f)) {
579 if (block_mig_state.bulk_completed == 0) {
580 /* first finish the bulk phase */
581 if (blk_mig_save_bulked_block(f) == 0) {
582 /* finished saving bulk on all devices */
583 block_mig_state.bulk_completed = 1;
584 }
585 } else {
586 if (blk_mig_save_dirty_block(f, 1) == 0) {
587 /* no more dirty blocks */
588 break;
589 }
590 }
591 }
592
593 flush_blks(f);
594
595 ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
596 if (ret) {
597 blk_mig_cleanup();
598 return ret;
599 }
600 }
601
602 if (stage == 3) {
603 /* we know for sure that save bulk is completed and
604 all async read completed */
605 assert(block_mig_state.submitted == 0);
606
607 while (blk_mig_save_dirty_block(f, 0) != 0);
608 blk_mig_cleanup();
609
610 /* report completion */
611 qemu_put_be64(f, (100 << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS) | BLK_MIG_FLAG_PROGRESS);
612
613 ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
614 if (ret) {
615 return ret;
616 }
617
618 DPRINTF("Block migration completed\n");
619 }
620
621 qemu_put_be64(f, BLK_MIG_FLAG_EOS);
622
623 return ((stage == 2) && is_stage2_completed());
624 }
625
626 static int block_load(QEMUFile *f, void *opaque, int version_id)
627 {
628 static int banner_printed;
629 int len, flags;
630 char device_name[256];
631 int64_t addr;
632 BlockDriverState *bs, *bs_prev = NULL;
633 uint8_t *buf;
634 int64_t total_sectors = 0;
635 int nr_sectors;
636 int ret;
637
638 do {
639 addr = qemu_get_be64(f);
640
641 flags = addr & ~BDRV_SECTOR_MASK;
642 addr >>= BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
643
644 if (flags & BLK_MIG_FLAG_DEVICE_BLOCK) {
645 /* get device name */
646 len = qemu_get_byte(f);
647 qemu_get_buffer(f, (uint8_t *)device_name, len);
648 device_name[len] = '\0';
649
650 bs = bdrv_find(device_name);
651 if (!bs) {
652 fprintf(stderr, "Error unknown block device %s\n",
653 device_name);
654 return -EINVAL;
655 }
656
657 if (bs != bs_prev) {
658 bs_prev = bs;
659 total_sectors = bdrv_getlength(bs) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
660 if (total_sectors <= 0) {
661 error_report("Error getting length of block device %s",
662 device_name);
663 return -EINVAL;
664 }
665 }
666
667 if (total_sectors - addr < BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK) {
668 nr_sectors = total_sectors - addr;
669 } else {
670 nr_sectors = BDRV_SECTORS_PER_DIRTY_CHUNK;
671 }
672
673 buf = g_malloc(BLOCK_SIZE);
674
675 qemu_get_buffer(f, buf, BLOCK_SIZE);
676 ret = bdrv_write(bs, addr, buf, nr_sectors);
677
678 g_free(buf);
679 if (ret < 0) {
680 return ret;
681 }
682 } else if (flags & BLK_MIG_FLAG_PROGRESS) {
683 if (!banner_printed) {
684 printf("Receiving block device images\n");
685 banner_printed = 1;
686 }
687 printf("Completed %d %%%c", (int)addr,
688 (addr == 100) ? '\n' : '\r');
689 fflush(stdout);
690 } else if (!(flags & BLK_MIG_FLAG_EOS)) {
691 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown flags\n");
692 return -EINVAL;
693 }
694 ret = qemu_file_get_error(f);
695 if (ret != 0) {
696 return ret;
697 }
698 } while (!(flags & BLK_MIG_FLAG_EOS));
699
700 return 0;
701 }
702
703 static void block_set_params(int blk_enable, int shared_base, void *opaque)
704 {
705 block_mig_state.blk_enable = blk_enable;
706 block_mig_state.shared_base = shared_base;
707
708 /* shared base means that blk_enable = 1 */
709 block_mig_state.blk_enable |= shared_base;
710 }
711
712 void blk_mig_init(void)
713 {
714 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&block_mig_state.bmds_list);
715 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&block_mig_state.blk_list);
716
717 register_savevm_live(NULL, "block", 0, 1, block_set_params,
718 block_save_live, NULL, block_load, &block_mig_state);
719 }