ceph/src/boost/libs/locale/doc/html/locale_gen.html

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  65 <div class="title">Locale Generation </div>  </div>
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  68 <div class="textblock"><p>Each locale is defined by a specific locale identifier, which contains a mandatory part (Language) and several optional parts (Country, Variant, keywords and character encoding of <code>std::string</code>). Boost.Locale uses the POSIX naming convention for locales, i.e. a locale is defined as <code>language[_COUNTRY][.encoding][@variant]</code>, where lang is ISO-639 language name like "en" or "ru", COUNTRY is the ISO-3166 country identifier like "US" or "DE", encoding is the eight-bit character encoding like <code>UTF-8</code> or <code>ISO-8859-1</code>, and variant is additional options for specializing the locale, like <code>euro</code> or <code>calendar=hebrew</code>, see <a class="el" href="locale_gen.html#locale_gen_variant">Variant</a>.</p>
  69 <p>Note that each locale should include the encoding in order to handle <code>char</code> based strings correctly.</p>
  70 <h1><a class="anchor" id="locale_gen_basics"></a>
  71 Basics</h1>
  72 <p>The class <a class="el" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html">generator</a> provides tools to generate the locales we need. The simplest way to use <code>generator</code> is to create a locale and set it as the global one:</p>
  73 <div class="fragment"><div class="line"><span class="preprocessor">#include &lt;boost/locale.hpp&gt;</span></div>
  74 <div class="line"></div>
  75 <div class="line"><span class="keyword">using namespace </span>boost::locale;</div>
  76 <div class="line"><span class="keywordtype">int</span> main()</div>
  77 <div class="line">{</div>
  78 <div class="line">    <a class="code" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html">generator</a> gen;</div>
  79 <div class="line">    <span class="comment">// Create locale generator </span></div>
  80 <div class="line">    std::locale::global(gen(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;&quot;</span>)); </div>
  81 <div class="line">    <span class="comment">// &quot;&quot; - the system default locale, set</span></div>
  82 <div class="line">    <span class="comment">// it globally</span></div>
  83 <div class="line">}</div>
  84 </div><!-- fragment --><p>Of course we can also specify the locale manually</p>
  85 <div class="fragment"><div class="line">std::locale loc = gen(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;en_US.UTF-8&quot;</span>); </div>
  86 <div class="line"><span class="comment">// Use English, United States locale</span></div>
  87 </div><!-- fragment --><dl class="section note"><dt>Note</dt><dd></dd></dl>
  88 <ul>
  89 <li>Even if your application uses wide strings everywhere, you should specify the 8-bit encoding to use for 8-bit stream IO operations like <code>cout</code> or <code>fstream</code>. <br/>
  90 </li>
  91 <li>The default locale is defined by the environment variables <code>LC_CTYPE</code> , <code>LC_ALL</code> , and <code>LANG</code> in that order (i.e. <code>LC_CTYPE</code> first and <code>LANG</code> last). On Windows, the library also queries the <code>LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT</code> option in the Win32 API when these variables are not set.</li>
  92 </ul>
  93 <p><b>Tip:</b> Prefer using UTF-8 Unicode encoding over 8-bit encodings like the ISO-8859-X ones.</p>
  94 <p>By default the generated locales include all supported categories and character types. However, if your application uses only 8-bit encodings, only wide-character encodings, or only specific facets, you can limit the facet generation to specific categories and character types by calling the <a class="el" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html#ae3c095f074329954eb90bb80488c7f76">categories</a> and <a class="el" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html#ad5e01c555aa43b438f688dbc29725ab8">characters</a> member functions of the <a class="el" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html">generator</a> class.</p>
  95 <p>For example:</p>
  96 <div class="fragment"><div class="line">generator gen;</div>
  97 <div class="line">gen.<a class="code" href="classboost_1_1locale_1_1generator.html#ad5e01c555aa43b438f688dbc29725ab8">characters</a>(wchar_t_facet);</div>
  98 <div class="line">gen.categories(collation_facet | formatting_facet);</div>
  99 <div class="line">std::locale::global(gen(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;de_DE.UTF-8&quot;</span>));</div>
 100 </div><!-- fragment --><h1><a class="anchor" id="locale_gen_variant"></a>
 101 Variant</h1>
 102 <p>The variant part of the locale (the part that comes after @ symbol) is localization <a class="el" href="using_localization_backends.html">back-end</a> dependent.</p>
 103 <h2><a class="anchor" id="locale_gen_variant_non_icu"></a>
 104 Non ICU Backends</h2>
 105 <p><a class="el" href="using_localization_backends.html#posix_backend">POSIX</a> and <a class="el" href="using_localization_backends.html#std_backend">std</a> back-ends use their own OS specific naming conventions and depend on the current OS configuration. For example typical Linux distribution provides <code>euro</code> for currency selection, <code>cyrillic</code> and <code>latin</code> for specification of language script.</p>
 106 <p><a class="el" href="using_localization_backends.html#winapi_backend">winapi</a> back-end does not support any variants.</p>
 107 <h2><a class="anchor" id="locale_gen_variant_icu"></a>
 108 ICU Backend</h2>
 109 <p>ICU provides wide range of locale variant options. For detailed instructions read <a href="http://userguide.icu-project.org/locale">this</a> ICU manual pages.</p>
 110 <p>However in general it is represented as set of key=value pairs separated with a semicolon ";" For example: "@collation=phonebook;calendar=islamic-civil".</p>
 111 <p>Currently ICU supports following keys:</p>
 112 <ul>
 113 <li><code>calendar</code> - the calendar used for the current locale. For example: <code>gregorian</code>, <code>japanese</code>, <code>buddhist</code>, <code>islamic</code>, <code>hebrew</code>, <code>chinese</code>, <code>islamic-civil</code>.</li>
 114 <li><code>collation</code> - the collation order used for this locales, for example <code>phonebook</code>, <code>pinyin</code>, <code>traditional</code>, <code>stroke</code>, <code>direct</code>, <code>posix</code>.</li>
 115 <li><code>currency</code> - the currency used in this locale, the standard 3 letter code like USD or JPY.</li>
 116 <li><code>numbers</code> - the numbering system used, for example: <code>latn</code>, <code>arab</code>, <code>thai</code>.</li>
 117 </ul>
 118 <p>Please refer to CLDR and ICU documentation for exact list of keys and values:</p>
 119 <ul>
 120 <li><a href="http://userguide.icu-project.org/locale#TOC-Keywords">ICU User Guide/Locale/Keywords</a></li>
 121 <li><a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/">Unicode Locale Data Markup Language</a> </li>
 122 </ul>
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