update source to Ceph Pacific 16.2.2

[ceph.git] / ceph / src / spdk / lib / nvme / nvme.c

/*-
 *   BSD LICENSE
 *
 *   Copyright (c) Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
 *   Copyright (c) 2020 Mellanox Technologies LTD. All rights reserved.
 *
 *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 *   are met:
 *
 *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *       distribution.
 *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
 *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "spdk/nvmf_spec.h"
#include "spdk/string.h"
#include "nvme_internal.h"
#include "nvme_io_msg.h"
#include "nvme_uevent.h"

#define SPDK_NVME_DRIVER_NAME "spdk_nvme_driver"

struct nvme_driver      *g_spdk_nvme_driver;
pid_t                   g_spdk_nvme_pid;

/* gross timeout of 180 seconds in milliseconds */
static int g_nvme_driver_timeout_ms = 3 * 60 * 1000;

/* Per-process attached controller list */
static TAILQ_HEAD(, spdk_nvme_ctrlr) g_nvme_attached_ctrlrs =
        TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(g_nvme_attached_ctrlrs);

/* Returns true if ctrlr should be stored on the multi-process shared_attached_ctrlrs list */
static bool
nvme_ctrlr_shared(const struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr)
{
        return ctrlr->trid.trtype == SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE;
}

void
nvme_ctrlr_connected(struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx,
                     struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr)
{
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
}

int
spdk_nvme_detach(struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr)
{
        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        nvme_ctrlr_proc_put_ref(ctrlr);

        if (nvme_ctrlr_get_ref_count(ctrlr) == 0) {
                nvme_io_msg_ctrlr_detach(ctrlr);
                if (nvme_ctrlr_shared(ctrlr)) {
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->shared_attached_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
                } else {
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&g_nvme_attached_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
                }
                nvme_ctrlr_destruct(ctrlr);
        }

        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
        return 0;
}

void
nvme_completion_poll_cb(void *arg, const struct spdk_nvme_cpl *cpl)
{
        struct nvme_completion_poll_status      *status = arg;

        if (status->timed_out) {
                /* There is no routine waiting for the completion of this request, free allocated memory */
                free(status);
                return;
        }

        /*
         * Copy status into the argument passed by the caller, so that
         *  the caller can check the status to determine if the
         *  the request passed or failed.
         */
        memcpy(&status->cpl, cpl, sizeof(*cpl));
        status->done = true;
}

/**
 * Poll qpair for completions until a command completes.
 *
 * \param qpair queue to poll
 * \param status completion status. The user must fill this structure with zeroes before calling
 * this function
 * \param robust_mutex optional robust mutex to lock while polling qpair
 *
 * \return 0 if command completed without error,
 * -EIO if command completed with error,
 * -ECANCELED if command is not completed due to transport/device error
 *
 * The command to wait upon must be submitted with nvme_completion_poll_cb as the callback
 * and status as the callback argument.
 */
int
nvme_wait_for_completion_robust_lock(
        struct spdk_nvme_qpair *qpair,
        struct nvme_completion_poll_status *status,
        pthread_mutex_t *robust_mutex)
{
        int rc;

        while (status->done == false) {
                if (robust_mutex) {
                        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(robust_mutex);
                }

                rc = spdk_nvme_qpair_process_completions(qpair, 0);

                if (robust_mutex) {
                        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(robust_mutex);
                }

                if (rc < 0) {
                        status->cpl.status.sct = SPDK_NVME_SCT_GENERIC;
                        status->cpl.status.sc = SPDK_NVME_SC_ABORTED_SQ_DELETION;
                        if (status->done == false) {
                                status->timed_out = true;
                        }
                        return -ECANCELED;
                }
        }

        return spdk_nvme_cpl_is_error(&status->cpl) ? -EIO : 0;
}

int
nvme_wait_for_completion(struct spdk_nvme_qpair *qpair,
                         struct nvme_completion_poll_status *status)
{
        return nvme_wait_for_completion_robust_lock(qpair, status, NULL);
}

/**
 * Poll qpair for completions until a command completes.
 *
 * \param qpair queue to poll
 * \param status completion status. The user must fill this structure with zeroes before calling
 * this function
 * \param timeout_in_secs optional timeout
 *
 * \return 0 if command completed without error,
 * -EIO if command completed with error,
 * -ECANCELED if command is not completed due to transport/device error or time expired
 *
 * The command to wait upon must be submitted with nvme_completion_poll_cb as the callback
 * and status as the callback argument.
 */
int
nvme_wait_for_completion_timeout(struct spdk_nvme_qpair *qpair,
                                 struct nvme_completion_poll_status *status,
                                 uint64_t timeout_in_secs)
{
        uint64_t timeout_tsc = 0;
        int rc = 0;

        if (timeout_in_secs) {
                timeout_tsc = spdk_get_ticks() + timeout_in_secs * spdk_get_ticks_hz();
        }

        while (status->done == false) {
                rc = spdk_nvme_qpair_process_completions(qpair, 0);

                if (rc < 0) {
                        status->cpl.status.sct = SPDK_NVME_SCT_GENERIC;
                        status->cpl.status.sc = SPDK_NVME_SC_ABORTED_SQ_DELETION;
                        break;
                }
                if (timeout_tsc && spdk_get_ticks() > timeout_tsc) {
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (status->done == false || rc < 0) {
                if (status->done == false) {
                        status->timed_out = true;
                }
                return -ECANCELED;
        }

        return spdk_nvme_cpl_is_error(&status->cpl) ? -EIO : 0;
}

static void
nvme_user_copy_cmd_complete(void *arg, const struct spdk_nvme_cpl *cpl)
{
        struct nvme_request *req = arg;
        enum spdk_nvme_data_transfer xfer;

        if (req->user_buffer && req->payload_size) {
                /* Copy back to the user buffer and free the contig buffer */
                assert(nvme_payload_type(&req->payload) == NVME_PAYLOAD_TYPE_CONTIG);
                xfer = spdk_nvme_opc_get_data_transfer(req->cmd.opc);
                if (xfer == SPDK_NVME_DATA_CONTROLLER_TO_HOST ||
                    xfer == SPDK_NVME_DATA_BIDIRECTIONAL) {
                        assert(req->pid == getpid());
                        memcpy(req->user_buffer, req->payload.contig_or_cb_arg, req->payload_size);
                }

                spdk_free(req->payload.contig_or_cb_arg);
        }

        /* Call the user's original callback now that the buffer has been copied */
        req->user_cb_fn(req->user_cb_arg, cpl);
}

/**
 * Allocate a request as well as a DMA-capable buffer to copy to/from the user's buffer.
 *
 * This is intended for use in non-fast-path functions (admin commands, reservations, etc.)
 * where the overhead of a copy is not a problem.
 */
struct nvme_request *
nvme_allocate_request_user_copy(struct spdk_nvme_qpair *qpair,
                                void *buffer, uint32_t payload_size, spdk_nvme_cmd_cb cb_fn,
                                void *cb_arg, bool host_to_controller)
{
        struct nvme_request *req;
        void *dma_buffer = NULL;

        if (buffer && payload_size) {
                dma_buffer = spdk_zmalloc(payload_size, 4096, NULL,
                                          SPDK_ENV_SOCKET_ID_ANY, SPDK_MALLOC_DMA);
                if (!dma_buffer) {
                        return NULL;
                }

                if (host_to_controller) {
                        memcpy(dma_buffer, buffer, payload_size);
                }
        }

        req = nvme_allocate_request_contig(qpair, dma_buffer, payload_size, nvme_user_copy_cmd_complete,
                                           NULL);
        if (!req) {
                spdk_free(dma_buffer);
                return NULL;
        }

        req->user_cb_fn = cb_fn;
        req->user_cb_arg = cb_arg;
        req->user_buffer = buffer;
        req->cb_arg = req;

        return req;
}

/**
 * Check if a request has exceeded the controller timeout.
 *
 * \param req request to check for timeout.
 * \param cid command ID for command submitted by req (will be passed to timeout_cb_fn)
 * \param active_proc per-process data for the controller associated with req
 * \param now_tick current time from spdk_get_ticks()
 * \return 0 if requests submitted more recently than req should still be checked for timeouts, or
 * 1 if requests newer than req need not be checked.
 *
 * The request's timeout callback will be called if needed; the caller is only responsible for
 * calling this function on each outstanding request.
 */
int
nvme_request_check_timeout(struct nvme_request *req, uint16_t cid,
                           struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_process *active_proc,
                           uint64_t now_tick)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_qpair *qpair = req->qpair;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr = qpair->ctrlr;

        assert(active_proc->timeout_cb_fn != NULL);

        if (req->timed_out || req->submit_tick == 0) {
                return 0;
        }

        if (req->pid != g_spdk_nvme_pid) {
                return 0;
        }

        if (nvme_qpair_is_admin_queue(qpair) &&
            req->cmd.opc == SPDK_NVME_OPC_ASYNC_EVENT_REQUEST) {
                return 0;
        }

        if (req->submit_tick + active_proc->timeout_ticks > now_tick) {
                return 1;
        }

        req->timed_out = true;

        /*
         * We don't want to expose the admin queue to the user,
         * so when we're timing out admin commands set the
         * qpair to NULL.
         */
        active_proc->timeout_cb_fn(active_proc->timeout_cb_arg, ctrlr,
                                   nvme_qpair_is_admin_queue(qpair) ? NULL : qpair,
                                   cid);
        return 0;
}

int
nvme_robust_mutex_init_shared(pthread_mutex_t *mtx)
{
        int rc = 0;

#ifdef __FreeBSD__
        pthread_mutex_init(mtx, NULL);
#else
        pthread_mutexattr_t attr;

        if (pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr)) {
                return -1;
        }
        if (pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&attr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED) ||
            pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST) ||
            pthread_mutex_init(mtx, &attr)) {
                rc = -1;
        }
        pthread_mutexattr_destroy(&attr);
#endif

        return rc;
}

int
nvme_driver_init(void)
{
        static pthread_mutex_t g_init_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
        int ret = 0;
        /* Any socket ID */
        int socket_id = -1;

        /* Use a special process-private mutex to ensure the global
         * nvme driver object (g_spdk_nvme_driver) gets initialized by
         * only one thread.  Once that object is established and its
         * mutex is initialized, we can unlock this mutex and use that
         * one instead.
         */
        pthread_mutex_lock(&g_init_mutex);

        /* Each process needs its own pid. */
        g_spdk_nvme_pid = getpid();

        /*
         * Only one thread from one process will do this driver init work.
         * The primary process will reserve the shared memory and do the
         *  initialization.
         * The secondary process will lookup the existing reserved memory.
         */
        if (spdk_process_is_primary()) {
                /* The unique named memzone already reserved. */
                if (g_spdk_nvme_driver != NULL) {
                        pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                        return 0;
                } else {
                        g_spdk_nvme_driver = spdk_memzone_reserve(SPDK_NVME_DRIVER_NAME,
                                             sizeof(struct nvme_driver), socket_id,
                                             SPDK_MEMZONE_NO_IOVA_CONTIG);
                }

                if (g_spdk_nvme_driver == NULL) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("primary process failed to reserve memory\n");
                        pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                        return -1;
                }
        } else {
                g_spdk_nvme_driver = spdk_memzone_lookup(SPDK_NVME_DRIVER_NAME);

                /* The unique named memzone already reserved by the primary process. */
                if (g_spdk_nvme_driver != NULL) {
                        int ms_waited = 0;

                        /* Wait the nvme driver to get initialized. */
                        while ((g_spdk_nvme_driver->initialized == false) &&
                               (ms_waited < g_nvme_driver_timeout_ms)) {
                                ms_waited++;
                                nvme_delay(1000); /* delay 1ms */
                        }
                        if (g_spdk_nvme_driver->initialized == false) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("timeout waiting for primary process to init\n");
                                pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                                return -1;
                        }
                } else {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("primary process is not started yet\n");
                        pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                        return -1;
                }

                pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * At this moment, only one thread from the primary process will do
         * the g_spdk_nvme_driver initialization
         */
        assert(spdk_process_is_primary());

        ret = nvme_robust_mutex_init_shared(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
        if (ret != 0) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("failed to initialize mutex\n");
                spdk_memzone_free(SPDK_NVME_DRIVER_NAME);
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
                return ret;
        }

        /* The lock in the shared g_spdk_nvme_driver object is now ready to
         * be used - so we can unlock the g_init_mutex here.
         */
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_init_mutex);
        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        g_spdk_nvme_driver->initialized = false;
        g_spdk_nvme_driver->hotplug_fd = nvme_uevent_connect();
        if (g_spdk_nvme_driver->hotplug_fd < 0) {
                SPDK_DEBUGLOG(SPDK_LOG_NVME, "Failed to open uevent netlink socket\n");
        }

        TAILQ_INIT(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->shared_attached_ctrlrs);

        spdk_uuid_generate(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->default_extended_host_id);

        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        return ret;
}

/* This function must only be called while holding g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock */
int
nvme_ctrlr_probe(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                 struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx, void *devhandle)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts opts;

        assert(trid != NULL);

        spdk_nvme_ctrlr_get_default_ctrlr_opts(&opts, sizeof(opts));

        if (!probe_ctx->probe_cb || probe_ctx->probe_cb(probe_ctx->cb_ctx, trid, &opts)) {
                ctrlr = nvme_get_ctrlr_by_trid_unsafe(trid);
                if (ctrlr) {
                        /* This ctrlr already exists.
                        * Increase the ref count before calling attach_cb() as the user may
                        * call nvme_detach() immediately. */
                        nvme_ctrlr_proc_get_ref(ctrlr);

                        if (probe_ctx->attach_cb) {
                                nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                                probe_ctx->attach_cb(probe_ctx->cb_ctx, &ctrlr->trid, ctrlr, &ctrlr->opts);
                                nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                        }
                        return 0;
                }

                ctrlr = nvme_transport_ctrlr_construct(trid, &opts, devhandle);
                if (ctrlr == NULL) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Failed to construct NVMe controller for SSD: %s\n", trid->traddr);
                        return -1;
                }
                ctrlr->remove_cb = probe_ctx->remove_cb;
                ctrlr->cb_ctx = probe_ctx->cb_ctx;

                if (ctrlr->quirks & NVME_QUIRK_MINIMUM_IO_QUEUE_SIZE &&
                    ctrlr->opts.io_queue_size == DEFAULT_IO_QUEUE_SIZE) {
                        /* If the user specifically set an IO queue size different than the
                         * default, use that value.  Otherwise overwrite with the quirked value.
                         * This allows this quirk to be overridden when necessary.
                         * However, cap.mqes still needs to be respected.
                         */
                        ctrlr->opts.io_queue_size = spdk_min(DEFAULT_IO_QUEUE_SIZE_FOR_QUIRK, ctrlr->cap.bits.mqes + 1u);
                }

                nvme_qpair_set_state(ctrlr->adminq, NVME_QPAIR_ENABLED);
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
                return 0;
        }

        return 1;
}

static int
nvme_ctrlr_poll_internal(struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr,
                         struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx)
{
        int     rc = 0;

        rc = nvme_ctrlr_process_init(ctrlr);

        if (rc) {
                /* Controller failed to initialize. */
                TAILQ_REMOVE(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Failed to initialize SSD: %s\n", ctrlr->trid.traddr);
                nvme_ctrlr_fail(ctrlr, false);
                nvme_ctrlr_destruct(ctrlr);
                return rc;
        }

        if (ctrlr->state != NVME_CTRLR_STATE_READY) {
                return 0;
        }

        STAILQ_INIT(&ctrlr->io_producers);

        /*
         * Controller has been initialized.
         *  Move it to the attached_ctrlrs list.
         */
        TAILQ_REMOVE(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);

        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
        if (nvme_ctrlr_shared(ctrlr)) {
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->shared_attached_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
        } else {
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&g_nvme_attached_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
        }

        /*
         * Increase the ref count before calling attach_cb() as the user may
         * call nvme_detach() immediately.
         */
        nvme_ctrlr_proc_get_ref(ctrlr);
        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        if (probe_ctx->attach_cb) {
                probe_ctx->attach_cb(probe_ctx->cb_ctx, &ctrlr->trid, ctrlr, &ctrlr->opts);
                return 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int
nvme_init_controllers(struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx)
{
        int rc = 0;

        while (true) {
                rc = spdk_nvme_probe_poll_async(probe_ctx);
                if (rc != -EAGAIN) {
                        return rc;
                }
        }

        return rc;
}

/* This function must not be called while holding g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock */
static struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *
nvme_get_ctrlr_by_trid(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr;

        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
        ctrlr = nvme_get_ctrlr_by_trid_unsafe(trid);
        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        return ctrlr;
}

/* This function must be called while holding g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock */
struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *
nvme_get_ctrlr_by_trid_unsafe(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr;

        /* Search per-process list */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(ctrlr, &g_nvme_attached_ctrlrs, tailq) {
                if (spdk_nvme_transport_id_compare(&ctrlr->trid, trid) == 0) {
                        return ctrlr;
                }
        }

        /* Search multi-process shared list */
        TAILQ_FOREACH(ctrlr, &g_spdk_nvme_driver->shared_attached_ctrlrs, tailq) {
                if (spdk_nvme_transport_id_compare(&ctrlr->trid, trid) == 0) {
                        return ctrlr;
                }
        }

        return NULL;
}

/* This function must only be called while holding g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock */
static int
nvme_probe_internal(struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx,
                    bool direct_connect)
{
        int rc;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr, *ctrlr_tmp;

        spdk_nvme_trid_populate_transport(&probe_ctx->trid, probe_ctx->trid.trtype);
        if (!spdk_nvme_transport_available_by_name(probe_ctx->trid.trstring)) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("NVMe trtype %u not available\n", probe_ctx->trid.trtype);
                return -1;
        }

        nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        rc = nvme_transport_ctrlr_scan(probe_ctx, direct_connect);
        if (rc != 0) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("NVMe ctrlr scan failed\n");
                TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ctrlr, &probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, tailq, ctrlr_tmp) {
                        TAILQ_REMOVE(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, ctrlr, tailq);
                        nvme_transport_ctrlr_destruct(ctrlr);
                }
                nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                return -1;
        }

        /*
         * Probe controllers on the shared_attached_ctrlrs list
         */
        if (!spdk_process_is_primary() && (probe_ctx->trid.trtype == SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE)) {
                TAILQ_FOREACH(ctrlr, &g_spdk_nvme_driver->shared_attached_ctrlrs, tailq) {
                        /* Do not attach other ctrlrs if user specify a valid trid */
                        if ((strlen(probe_ctx->trid.traddr) != 0) &&
                            (spdk_nvme_transport_id_compare(&probe_ctx->trid, &ctrlr->trid))) {
                                continue;
                        }

                        /* Do not attach if we failed to initialize it in this process */
                        if (nvme_ctrlr_get_current_process(ctrlr) == NULL) {
                                continue;
                        }

                        nvme_ctrlr_proc_get_ref(ctrlr);

                        /*
                         * Unlock while calling attach_cb() so the user can call other functions
                         *  that may take the driver lock, like nvme_detach().
                         */
                        if (probe_ctx->attach_cb) {
                                nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                                probe_ctx->attach_cb(probe_ctx->cb_ctx, &ctrlr->trid, ctrlr, &ctrlr->opts);
                                nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                        }
                }
        }

        nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);

        return 0;
}

static void
nvme_probe_ctx_init(struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx,
                    const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                    void *cb_ctx,
                    spdk_nvme_probe_cb probe_cb,
                    spdk_nvme_attach_cb attach_cb,
                    spdk_nvme_remove_cb remove_cb)
{
        probe_ctx->trid = *trid;
        probe_ctx->cb_ctx = cb_ctx;
        probe_ctx->probe_cb = probe_cb;
        probe_ctx->attach_cb = attach_cb;
        probe_ctx->remove_cb = remove_cb;
        TAILQ_INIT(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs);
}

int
spdk_nvme_probe(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid, void *cb_ctx,
                spdk_nvme_probe_cb probe_cb, spdk_nvme_attach_cb attach_cb,
                spdk_nvme_remove_cb remove_cb)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_transport_id trid_pcie;
        struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx;

        if (trid == NULL) {
                memset(&trid_pcie, 0, sizeof(trid_pcie));
                spdk_nvme_trid_populate_transport(&trid_pcie, SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE);
                trid = &trid_pcie;
        }

        probe_ctx = spdk_nvme_probe_async(trid, cb_ctx, probe_cb,
                                          attach_cb, remove_cb);
        if (!probe_ctx) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Create probe context failed\n");
                return -1;
        }

        /*
         * Keep going even if one or more nvme_attach() calls failed,
         *  but maintain the value of rc to signal errors when we return.
         */
        return nvme_init_controllers(probe_ctx);
}

static bool
nvme_connect_probe_cb(void *cb_ctx, const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                      struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts)
{
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *requested_opts = cb_ctx;

        assert(requested_opts);
        memcpy(opts, requested_opts, sizeof(*opts));

        return true;
}

static void
nvme_ctrlr_opts_init(struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts,
                     const struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts_user,
                     size_t opts_size_user)
{
        assert(opts);
        assert(opts_user);

        spdk_nvme_ctrlr_get_default_ctrlr_opts(opts, opts_size_user);

#define FIELD_OK(field) \
        offsetof(struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts, field) + sizeof(opts->field) <= (opts->opts_size)

        if (FIELD_OK(num_io_queues)) {
                opts->num_io_queues = opts_user->num_io_queues;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(use_cmb_sqs)) {
                opts->use_cmb_sqs = opts_user->use_cmb_sqs;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(no_shn_notification)) {
                opts->no_shn_notification = opts_user->no_shn_notification;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(arb_mechanism)) {
                opts->arb_mechanism = opts_user->arb_mechanism;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(arbitration_burst)) {
                opts->arbitration_burst = opts_user->arbitration_burst;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(low_priority_weight)) {
                opts->low_priority_weight = opts_user->low_priority_weight;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(medium_priority_weight)) {
                opts->medium_priority_weight = opts_user->medium_priority_weight;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(high_priority_weight)) {
                opts->high_priority_weight = opts_user->high_priority_weight;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(keep_alive_timeout_ms)) {
                opts->keep_alive_timeout_ms =  opts_user->keep_alive_timeout_ms;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(transport_retry_count)) {
                opts->transport_retry_count = opts_user->transport_retry_count;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(io_queue_size)) {
                opts->io_queue_size =  opts_user->io_queue_size;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(hostnqn)) {
                memcpy(opts->hostnqn, opts_user->hostnqn, sizeof(opts_user->hostnqn));
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(io_queue_requests)) {
                opts->io_queue_requests =  opts_user->io_queue_requests;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(src_addr)) {
                memcpy(opts->src_addr, opts_user->src_addr, sizeof(opts_user->src_addr));
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(src_svcid)) {
                memcpy(opts->src_svcid, opts_user->src_svcid, sizeof(opts_user->src_svcid));
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(host_id)) {
                memcpy(opts->host_id, opts_user->host_id, sizeof(opts_user->host_id));
        }
        if (FIELD_OK(extended_host_id)) {
                memcpy(opts->extended_host_id, opts_user->extended_host_id,
                       sizeof(opts_user->extended_host_id));
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(command_set)) {
                opts->command_set = opts_user->command_set;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(admin_timeout_ms)) {
                opts->admin_timeout_ms = opts_user->admin_timeout_ms;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(header_digest)) {
                opts->header_digest = opts_user->header_digest;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(data_digest)) {
                opts->data_digest = opts_user->data_digest;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(disable_error_logging)) {
                opts->disable_error_logging = opts_user->disable_error_logging;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(transport_ack_timeout)) {
                opts->transport_ack_timeout = opts_user->transport_ack_timeout;
        }

        if (FIELD_OK(admin_queue_size)) {
                opts->admin_queue_size = opts_user->admin_queue_size;
        }
#undef FIELD_OK
}

struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *
spdk_nvme_connect(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                  const struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts, size_t opts_size)
{
        int rc;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr = NULL;
        struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts_local_p = NULL;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts opts_local;

        if (trid == NULL) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("No transport ID specified\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        if (opts) {
                opts_local_p = &opts_local;
                nvme_ctrlr_opts_init(opts_local_p, opts, opts_size);
        }

        probe_ctx = spdk_nvme_connect_async(trid, opts_local_p, NULL);
        if (!probe_ctx) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Create probe context failed\n");
                return NULL;
        }

        rc = nvme_init_controllers(probe_ctx);
        if (rc != 0) {
                return NULL;
        }

        ctrlr = nvme_get_ctrlr_by_trid(trid);

        return ctrlr;
}

void
spdk_nvme_trid_populate_transport(struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                                  enum spdk_nvme_transport_type trtype)
{
        const char *trstring = "";

        trid->trtype = trtype;
        switch (trtype) {
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_FC:
                trstring = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_NAME_FC;
                break;
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE:
                trstring = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_NAME_PCIE;
                break;
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_RDMA:
                trstring = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_NAME_RDMA;
                break;
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_TCP:
                trstring = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_NAME_TCP;
                break;
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_CUSTOM:
        default:
                SPDK_ERRLOG("don't use this for custom transports\n");
                assert(0);
                return;
        }
        snprintf(trid->trstring, SPDK_NVMF_TRSTRING_MAX_LEN, "%s", trstring);
}

int
spdk_nvme_transport_id_populate_trstring(struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid, const char *trstring)
{
        int len, i, rc;

        if (trstring == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        len = strnlen(trstring, SPDK_NVMF_TRSTRING_MAX_LEN);
        if (len == SPDK_NVMF_TRSTRING_MAX_LEN) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        rc = snprintf(trid->trstring, SPDK_NVMF_TRSTRING_MAX_LEN, "%s", trstring);
        if (rc < 0) {
                return rc;
        }

        /* cast official trstring to uppercase version of input. */
        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                trid->trstring[i] = toupper(trid->trstring[i]);
        }
        return 0;
}

int
spdk_nvme_transport_id_parse_trtype(enum spdk_nvme_transport_type *trtype, const char *str)
{
        if (trtype == NULL || str == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (strcasecmp(str, "PCIe") == 0) {
                *trtype = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "RDMA") == 0) {
                *trtype = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_RDMA;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "FC") == 0) {
                *trtype = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_FC;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "TCP") == 0) {
                *trtype = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_TCP;
        } else {
                *trtype = SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_CUSTOM;
        }
        return 0;
}

const char *
spdk_nvme_transport_id_trtype_str(enum spdk_nvme_transport_type trtype)
{
        switch (trtype) {
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE:
                return "PCIe";
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_RDMA:
                return "RDMA";
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_FC:
                return "FC";
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_TCP:
                return "TCP";
        case SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_CUSTOM:
                return "CUSTOM";
        default:
                return NULL;
        }
}

int
spdk_nvme_transport_id_parse_adrfam(enum spdk_nvmf_adrfam *adrfam, const char *str)
{
        if (adrfam == NULL || str == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (strcasecmp(str, "IPv4") == 0) {
                *adrfam = SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IPV4;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "IPv6") == 0) {
                *adrfam = SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IPV6;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "IB") == 0) {
                *adrfam = SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IB;
        } else if (strcasecmp(str, "FC") == 0) {
                *adrfam = SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_FC;
        } else {
                return -ENOENT;
        }
        return 0;
}

const char *
spdk_nvme_transport_id_adrfam_str(enum spdk_nvmf_adrfam adrfam)
{
        switch (adrfam) {
        case SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IPV4:
                return "IPv4";
        case SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IPV6:
                return "IPv6";
        case SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_IB:
                return "IB";
        case SPDK_NVMF_ADRFAM_FC:
                return "FC";
        default:
                return NULL;
        }
}

static size_t
parse_next_key(const char **str, char *key, char *val, size_t key_buf_size, size_t val_buf_size)
{

        const char *sep, *sep1;
        const char *whitespace = " \t\n";
        size_t key_len, val_len;

        *str += strspn(*str, whitespace);

        sep = strchr(*str, ':');
        if (!sep) {
                sep = strchr(*str, '=');
                if (!sep) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Key without ':' or '=' separator\n");
                        return 0;
                }
        } else {
                sep1 = strchr(*str, '=');
                if ((sep1 != NULL) && (sep1 < sep)) {
                        sep = sep1;
                }
        }

        key_len = sep - *str;
        if (key_len >= key_buf_size) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Key length %zu greater than maximum allowed %zu\n",
                            key_len, key_buf_size - 1);
                return 0;
        }

        memcpy(key, *str, key_len);
        key[key_len] = '\0';

        *str += key_len + 1; /* Skip key: */
        val_len = strcspn(*str, whitespace);
        if (val_len == 0) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Key without value\n");
                return 0;
        }

        if (val_len >= val_buf_size) {
                SPDK_ERRLOG("Value length %zu greater than maximum allowed %zu\n",
                            val_len, val_buf_size - 1);
                return 0;
        }

        memcpy(val, *str, val_len);
        val[val_len] = '\0';

        *str += val_len;

        return val_len;
}

int
spdk_nvme_transport_id_parse(struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid, const char *str)
{
        size_t val_len;
        char key[32];
        char val[1024];

        if (trid == NULL || str == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        while (*str != '\0') {

                val_len = parse_next_key(&str, key, val, sizeof(key), sizeof(val));

                if (val_len == 0) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Failed to parse transport ID\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                if (strcasecmp(key, "trtype") == 0) {
                        if (spdk_nvme_transport_id_populate_trstring(trid, val) != 0) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("invalid transport '%s'\n", val);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        if (spdk_nvme_transport_id_parse_trtype(&trid->trtype, val) != 0) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("Unknown trtype '%s'\n", val);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "adrfam") == 0) {
                        if (spdk_nvme_transport_id_parse_adrfam(&trid->adrfam, val) != 0) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("Unknown adrfam '%s'\n", val);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "traddr") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_TRADDR_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("traddr length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_TRADDR_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        memcpy(trid->traddr, val, val_len + 1);
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "trsvcid") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_TRSVCID_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("trsvcid length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_TRSVCID_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        memcpy(trid->trsvcid, val, val_len + 1);
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "priority") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_PRIORITY_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("priority length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_PRIORITY_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        trid->priority = spdk_strtol(val, 10);
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "subnqn") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_NQN_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("subnqn length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_NQN_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        memcpy(trid->subnqn, val, val_len + 1);
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "hostaddr") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "hostsvcid") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "ns") == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Special case.  The namespace id parameter may
                         * optionally be passed in the transport id string
                         * for an SPDK application (e.g. nvme/perf)
                         * and additionally parsed therein to limit
                         * targeting a specific namespace.  For this
                         * scenario, just silently ignore this key
                         * rather than letting it default to logging
                         * it as an invalid key.
                         */
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "alt_traddr") == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Used by applications for enabling transport ID failover.
                         * Please see the case above for more information on custom parameters.
                         */
                        continue;
                } else {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Unknown transport ID key '%s'\n", key);
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

int
spdk_nvme_host_id_parse(struct spdk_nvme_host_id *hostid, const char *str)
{

        size_t key_size = 32;
        size_t val_size = 1024;
        size_t val_len;
        char key[key_size];
        char val[val_size];

        if (hostid == NULL || str == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        while (*str != '\0') {

                val_len = parse_next_key(&str, key, val, key_size, val_size);

                if (val_len == 0) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Failed to parse host ID\n");
                        return val_len;
                }

                /* Ignore the rest of the options from the transport ID. */
                if (strcasecmp(key, "trtype") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "adrfam") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "traddr") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "trsvcid") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "subnqn") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "priority") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "ns") == 0) {
                        continue;
                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "hostaddr") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_TRADDR_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("hostaddr length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_TRADDR_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        memcpy(hostid->hostaddr, val, val_len + 1);

                } else if (strcasecmp(key, "hostsvcid") == 0) {
                        if (val_len > SPDK_NVMF_TRSVCID_MAX_LEN) {
                                SPDK_ERRLOG("trsvcid length %zu greater than maximum allowed %u\n",
                                            val_len, SPDK_NVMF_TRSVCID_MAX_LEN);
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        memcpy(hostid->hostsvcid, val, val_len + 1);
                } else {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Unknown transport ID key '%s'\n", key);
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

static int
cmp_int(int a, int b)
{
        return a - b;
}

int
spdk_nvme_transport_id_compare(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid1,
                               const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid2)
{
        int cmp;

        if (trid1->trtype == SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_CUSTOM) {
                cmp = strcasecmp(trid1->trstring, trid2->trstring);
        } else {
                cmp = cmp_int(trid1->trtype, trid2->trtype);
        }

        if (cmp) {
                return cmp;
        }

        if (trid1->trtype == SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE) {
                struct spdk_pci_addr pci_addr1 = {};
                struct spdk_pci_addr pci_addr2 = {};

                /* Normalize PCI addresses before comparing */
                if (spdk_pci_addr_parse(&pci_addr1, trid1->traddr) < 0 ||
                    spdk_pci_addr_parse(&pci_addr2, trid2->traddr) < 0) {
                        return -1;
                }

                /* PCIe transport ID only uses trtype and traddr */
                return spdk_pci_addr_compare(&pci_addr1, &pci_addr2);
        }

        cmp = strcasecmp(trid1->traddr, trid2->traddr);
        if (cmp) {
                return cmp;
        }

        cmp = cmp_int(trid1->adrfam, trid2->adrfam);
        if (cmp) {
                return cmp;
        }

        cmp = strcasecmp(trid1->trsvcid, trid2->trsvcid);
        if (cmp) {
                return cmp;
        }

        cmp = strcmp(trid1->subnqn, trid2->subnqn);
        if (cmp) {
                return cmp;
        }

        return 0;
}

int
spdk_nvme_prchk_flags_parse(uint32_t *prchk_flags, const char *str)
{
        size_t val_len;
        char key[32];
        char val[1024];

        if (prchk_flags == NULL || str == NULL) {
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        while (*str != '\0') {
                val_len = parse_next_key(&str, key, val, sizeof(key), sizeof(val));

                if (val_len == 0) {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Failed to parse prchk\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }

                if (strcasecmp(key, "prchk") == 0) {
                        if (strcasestr(val, "reftag") != NULL) {
                                *prchk_flags |= SPDK_NVME_IO_FLAGS_PRCHK_REFTAG;
                        }
                        if (strcasestr(val, "guard") != NULL) {
                                *prchk_flags |= SPDK_NVME_IO_FLAGS_PRCHK_GUARD;
                        }
                } else {
                        SPDK_ERRLOG("Unknown key '%s'\n", key);
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

const char *
spdk_nvme_prchk_flags_str(uint32_t prchk_flags)
{
        if (prchk_flags & SPDK_NVME_IO_FLAGS_PRCHK_REFTAG) {
                if (prchk_flags & SPDK_NVME_IO_FLAGS_PRCHK_GUARD) {
                        return "prchk:reftag|guard";
                } else {
                        return "prchk:reftag";
                }
        } else {
                if (prchk_flags & SPDK_NVME_IO_FLAGS_PRCHK_GUARD) {
                        return "prchk:guard";
                } else {
                        return NULL;
                }
        }
}

struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *
spdk_nvme_probe_async(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                      void *cb_ctx,
                      spdk_nvme_probe_cb probe_cb,
                      spdk_nvme_attach_cb attach_cb,
                      spdk_nvme_remove_cb remove_cb)
{
        int rc;
        struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx;

        rc = nvme_driver_init();
        if (rc != 0) {
                return NULL;
        }

        probe_ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(*probe_ctx));
        if (!probe_ctx) {
                return NULL;
        }

        nvme_probe_ctx_init(probe_ctx, trid, cb_ctx, probe_cb, attach_cb, remove_cb);
        rc = nvme_probe_internal(probe_ctx, false);
        if (rc != 0) {
                free(probe_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }

        return probe_ctx;
}

int
spdk_nvme_probe_poll_async(struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr *ctrlr, *ctrlr_tmp;

        if (!spdk_process_is_primary() && probe_ctx->trid.trtype == SPDK_NVME_TRANSPORT_PCIE) {
                free(probe_ctx);
                return 0;
        }

        TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ctrlr, &probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs, tailq, ctrlr_tmp) {
                rc = nvme_ctrlr_poll_internal(ctrlr, probe_ctx);
                if (rc != 0) {
                        rc = -EIO;
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (rc != 0 || TAILQ_EMPTY(&probe_ctx->init_ctrlrs)) {
                nvme_robust_mutex_lock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                g_spdk_nvme_driver->initialized = true;
                nvme_robust_mutex_unlock(&g_spdk_nvme_driver->lock);
                free(probe_ctx);
                return rc;
        }

        return -EAGAIN;
}

struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *
spdk_nvme_connect_async(const struct spdk_nvme_transport_id *trid,
                        const struct spdk_nvme_ctrlr_opts *opts,
                        spdk_nvme_attach_cb attach_cb)
{
        int rc;
        spdk_nvme_probe_cb probe_cb = NULL;
        struct spdk_nvme_probe_ctx *probe_ctx;

        rc = nvme_driver_init();
        if (rc != 0) {
                return NULL;
        }

        probe_ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(*probe_ctx));
        if (!probe_ctx) {
                return NULL;
        }

        if (opts) {
                probe_cb = nvme_connect_probe_cb;
        }

        nvme_probe_ctx_init(probe_ctx, trid, (void *)opts, probe_cb, attach_cb, NULL);
        rc = nvme_probe_internal(probe_ctx, true);
        if (rc != 0) {
                free(probe_ctx);
                return NULL;
        }

        return probe_ctx;
}

SPDK_LOG_REGISTER_COMPONENT("nvme", SPDK_LOG_NVME)