2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
30 #include "audio/audio.h"
36 #include "hpet_emul.h"
43 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
46 /* Show multiboot debug output */
47 //#define DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
49 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
51 #define PC_MAX_BIOS_SIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)
53 /* Leave a chunk of memory at the top of RAM for the BIOS ACPI tables. */
54 #define ACPI_DATA_SIZE 0x10000
55 #define BIOS_CFG_IOPORT 0x510
56 #define FW_CFG_ACPI_TABLES (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 0)
57 #define FW_CFG_SMBIOS_ENTRIES (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 1)
58 #define FW_CFG_IRQ0_OVERRIDE (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 2)
62 static fdctrl_t
*floppy_controller
;
63 static RTCState
*rtc_state
;
65 static PCII440FXState
*i440fx_state
;
67 typedef struct isa_irq_state
{
72 static void isa_irq_handler(void *opaque
, int n
, int level
)
74 IsaIrqState
*isa
= (IsaIrqState
*)opaque
;
77 qemu_set_irq(isa
->i8259
[n
], level
);
80 qemu_set_irq(isa
->ioapic
[n
], level
);
83 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t data
)
87 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
88 static qemu_irq ferr_irq
;
89 /* XXX: add IGNNE support */
90 void cpu_set_ferr(CPUX86State
*s
)
92 qemu_irq_raise(ferr_irq
);
95 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t data
)
97 qemu_irq_lower(ferr_irq
);
101 uint64_t cpu_get_tsc(CPUX86State
*env
)
103 return cpu_get_ticks();
107 void cpu_smm_update(CPUState
*env
)
109 if (i440fx_state
&& env
== first_cpu
)
110 i440fx_set_smm(i440fx_state
, (env
->hflags
>> HF_SMM_SHIFT
) & 1);
115 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUState
*env
)
119 intno
= apic_get_interrupt(env
);
121 /* set irq request if a PIC irq is still pending */
122 /* XXX: improve that */
123 pic_update_irq(isa_pic
);
126 /* read the irq from the PIC */
127 if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(env
))
130 intno
= pic_read_irq(isa_pic
);
134 static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque
, int irq
, int level
)
136 CPUState
*env
= first_cpu
;
138 if (env
->apic_state
) {
140 if (apic_accept_pic_intr(env
))
141 apic_deliver_pic_intr(env
, level
);
146 cpu_interrupt(env
, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD
);
148 cpu_reset_interrupt(env
, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD
);
152 /* PC cmos mappings */
154 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
156 static int cmos_get_fd_drive_type(int fd0
)
162 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
166 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
170 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
180 static void cmos_init_hd(int type_ofs
, int info_ofs
, BlockDriverState
*hd
)
182 RTCState
*s
= rtc_state
;
183 int cylinders
, heads
, sectors
;
184 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd
, &cylinders
, &heads
, §ors
);
185 rtc_set_memory(s
, type_ofs
, 47);
186 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
, cylinders
);
187 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 1, cylinders
>> 8);
188 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 2, heads
);
189 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 3, 0xff);
190 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 4, 0xff);
191 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 5, 0xc0 | ((heads
> 8) << 3));
192 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 6, cylinders
);
193 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 7, cylinders
>> 8);
194 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 8, sectors
);
197 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
198 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device
)
200 switch(boot_device
) {
203 return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
205 return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
207 return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
209 return 0x04; /* Network boot */
214 /* copy/pasted from cmos_init, should be made a general function
215 and used there as well */
216 static int pc_boot_set(void *opaque
, const char *boot_device
)
218 Monitor
*mon
= cur_mon
;
219 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
220 RTCState
*s
= (RTCState
*)opaque
;
221 int nbds
, bds
[3] = { 0, };
224 nbds
= strlen(boot_device
);
225 if (nbds
> PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES
) {
226 monitor_printf(mon
, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
229 for (i
= 0; i
< nbds
; i
++) {
230 bds
[i
] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device
[i
]);
232 monitor_printf(mon
, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
237 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x3d, (bds
[1] << 4) | bds
[0]);
238 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x38, (bds
[2] << 4));
242 /* hd_table must contain 4 block drivers */
243 static void cmos_init(ram_addr_t ram_size
, ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size
,
244 const char *boot_device
, DriveInfo
**hd_table
)
246 RTCState
*s
= rtc_state
;
247 int nbds
, bds
[3] = { 0, };
252 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
255 val
= 640; /* base memory in K */
256 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x15, val
);
257 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x16, val
>> 8);
259 val
= (ram_size
/ 1024) - 1024;
262 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x17, val
);
263 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x18, val
>> 8);
264 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x30, val
);
265 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x31, val
>> 8);
267 if (above_4g_mem_size
) {
268 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5b, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size
>> 16);
269 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5c, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size
>> 24);
270 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5d, (uint64_t)above_4g_mem_size
>> 32);
273 if (ram_size
> (16 * 1024 * 1024))
274 val
= (ram_size
/ 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
279 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x34, val
);
280 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x35, val
>> 8);
282 /* set the number of CPU */
283 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5f, smp_cpus
- 1);
285 /* set boot devices, and disable floppy signature check if requested */
286 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
287 nbds
= strlen(boot_device
);
288 if (nbds
> PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES
) {
289 fprintf(stderr
, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
292 for (i
= 0; i
< nbds
; i
++) {
293 bds
[i
] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device
[i
]);
295 fprintf(stderr
, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
300 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x3d, (bds
[1] << 4) | bds
[0]);
301 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x38, (bds
[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk
? 0x0 : 0x1));
305 fd0
= fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller
, 0);
306 fd1
= fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller
, 1);
308 val
= (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd0
) << 4) | cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd1
);
309 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x10, val
);
321 val
|= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
324 val
|= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
327 val
|= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
328 val
|= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
329 rtc_set_memory(s
, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE
, val
);
333 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x12, (hd_table
[0] ? 0xf0 : 0) | (hd_table
[1] ? 0x0f : 0));
335 cmos_init_hd(0x19, 0x1b, hd_table
[0]->bdrv
);
337 cmos_init_hd(0x1a, 0x24, hd_table
[1]->bdrv
);
340 for (i
= 0; i
< 4; i
++) {
342 int cylinders
, heads
, sectors
, translation
;
343 /* NOTE: bdrv_get_geometry_hint() returns the physical
344 geometry. It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
345 <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
346 geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
347 translation
= bdrv_get_translation_hint(hd_table
[i
]->bdrv
);
348 if (translation
== BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO
) {
349 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd_table
[i
]->bdrv
, &cylinders
, &heads
, §ors
);
350 if (cylinders
<= 1024 && heads
<= 16 && sectors
<= 63) {
351 /* No translation. */
354 /* LBA translation. */
360 val
|= translation
<< (i
* 2);
363 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x39, val
);
366 void ioport_set_a20(int enable
)
368 /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
369 cpu_x86_set_a20(first_cpu
, enable
);
372 int ioport_get_a20(void)
374 return ((first_cpu
->a20_mask
>> 20) & 1);
377 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t val
)
379 ioport_set_a20((val
>> 1) & 1);
380 /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
383 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
)
385 return ioport_get_a20() << 1;
388 /***********************************************************/
389 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
391 static void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t val
)
393 static const char shutdown_str
[8] = "Shutdown";
394 static int shutdown_index
= 0;
397 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
400 fprintf(stderr
, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val
);
405 fprintf(stderr
, "%c", val
);
409 /* same as Bochs power off */
410 if (val
== shutdown_str
[shutdown_index
]) {
412 if (shutdown_index
== 8) {
414 qemu_system_shutdown_request();
421 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
424 fprintf(stderr
, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val
);
429 fprintf(stderr
, "%c", val
);
435 static void *bochs_bios_init(void)
438 uint8_t *smbios_table
;
440 uint64_t *numa_fw_cfg
;
443 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
444 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
445 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
446 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
447 register_ioport_write(0x8900, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
449 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
450 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
451 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
452 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
454 fw_cfg
= fw_cfg_init(BIOS_CFG_IOPORT
, BIOS_CFG_IOPORT
+ 1, 0, 0);
456 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_ID
, 1);
457 fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE
, (uint64_t)ram_size
);
458 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_ACPI_TABLES
, (uint8_t *)acpi_tables
,
460 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_IRQ0_OVERRIDE
, &irq0override
, 1);
462 smbios_table
= smbios_get_table(&smbios_len
);
464 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_SMBIOS_ENTRIES
,
465 smbios_table
, smbios_len
);
467 /* allocate memory for the NUMA channel: one (64bit) word for the number
468 * of nodes, one word for each VCPU->node and one word for each node to
469 * hold the amount of memory.
471 numa_fw_cfg
= qemu_mallocz((1 + smp_cpus
+ nb_numa_nodes
) * 8);
472 numa_fw_cfg
[0] = cpu_to_le64(nb_numa_nodes
);
473 for (i
= 0; i
< smp_cpus
; i
++) {
474 for (j
= 0; j
< nb_numa_nodes
; j
++) {
475 if (node_cpumask
[j
] & (1 << i
)) {
476 numa_fw_cfg
[i
+ 1] = cpu_to_le64(j
);
481 for (i
= 0; i
< nb_numa_nodes
; i
++) {
482 numa_fw_cfg
[smp_cpus
+ 1 + i
] = cpu_to_le64(node_mem
[i
]);
484 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_NUMA
, (uint8_t *)numa_fw_cfg
,
485 (1 + smp_cpus
+ nb_numa_nodes
) * 8);
490 /* Generate an initial boot sector which sets state and jump to
491 a specified vector */
492 static void generate_bootsect(uint32_t gpr
[8], uint16_t segs
[6], uint16_t ip
)
494 uint8_t rom
[512], *p
, *reloc
;
498 memset(rom
, 0, sizeof(rom
));
501 /* Make sure we have an option rom signature */
505 /* ROM size in sectors*/
510 *p
++ = 0x50; /* push ax */
511 *p
++ = 0x1e; /* push ds */
512 *p
++ = 0x31; *p
++ = 0xc0; /* xor ax, ax */
513 *p
++ = 0x8e; *p
++ = 0xd8; /* mov ax, ds */
515 *p
++ = 0xc7; *p
++ = 0x06; /* movvw _start,0x64 */
516 *p
++ = 0x64; *p
++ = 0x00;
518 *p
++ = 0x00; *p
++ = 0x00;
520 *p
++ = 0x8c; *p
++ = 0x0e; /* mov cs,0x66 */
521 *p
++ = 0x66; *p
++ = 0x00;
523 *p
++ = 0x1f; /* pop ds */
524 *p
++ = 0x58; /* pop ax */
525 *p
++ = 0xcb; /* lret */
530 *p
++ = 0xfa; /* CLI */
531 *p
++ = 0xfc; /* CLD */
533 for (i
= 0; i
< 6; i
++) {
534 if (i
== 1) /* Skip CS */
537 *p
++ = 0xb8; /* MOV AX,imm16 */
540 *p
++ = 0x8e; /* MOV <seg>,AX */
541 *p
++ = 0xc0 + (i
<< 3);
544 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
545 *p
++ = 0x66; /* 32-bit operand size */
546 *p
++ = 0xb8 + i
; /* MOV <reg>,imm32 */
553 *p
++ = 0xea; /* JMP FAR */
556 *p
++ = segs
[1]; /* CS */
561 for (i
= 0; i
< (sizeof(rom
) - 1); i
++)
563 rom
[sizeof(rom
) - 1] = -sum
;
565 rom_add_blob("linux-bootsect", rom
, sizeof(rom
),
566 PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION
, PC_ROM_MAX
, PC_ROM_ALIGN
);
569 static long get_file_size(FILE *f
)
573 /* XXX: on Unix systems, using fstat() probably makes more sense */
576 fseek(f
, 0, SEEK_END
);
578 fseek(f
, where
, SEEK_SET
);
583 #define MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR 0x9000
585 #if MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR > 0xf0000
586 #error multiboot struct needs to fit in 16 bit real mode
589 static int load_multiboot(void *fw_cfg
,
591 const char *kernel_filename
,
592 const char *initrd_filename
,
593 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
596 int i
, is_multiboot
= 0;
598 uint32_t mh_entry_addr
;
599 uint32_t mh_load_addr
;
600 uint32_t mb_kernel_size
;
601 uint32_t mmap_addr
= MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR
;
602 uint32_t mb_bootinfo
= MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR
+ 0x500;
604 uint8_t bootinfo
[0x500];
605 uint32_t cmdline
= 0x200;
607 /* Ok, let's see if it is a multiboot image.
608 The header is 12x32bit long, so the latest entry may be 8192 - 48. */
609 for (i
= 0; i
< (8192 - 48); i
+= 4) {
610 if (ldl_p(header
+i
) == 0x1BADB002) {
611 uint32_t checksum
= ldl_p(header
+i
+8);
612 flags
= ldl_p(header
+i
+4);
614 checksum
+= (uint32_t)0x1BADB002;
623 return 0; /* no multiboot */
625 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
626 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: I believe we found a multiboot image!\n");
628 memset(bootinfo
, 0, sizeof(bootinfo
));
630 if (flags
& 0x00000004) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE */
631 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: multiboot knows VBE. we don't.\n");
633 if (!(flags
& 0x00010000)) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR */
637 kernel_size
= load_elf(kernel_filename
, 0, &elf_entry
, NULL
, NULL
,
639 if (kernel_size
< 0) {
640 fprintf(stderr
, "Error while loading elf kernel\n");
643 mh_load_addr
= mh_entry_addr
= elf_entry
;
644 mb_kernel_size
= kernel_size
;
646 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
647 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: loading multiboot-elf kernel (%#x bytes) with entry %#zx\n",
648 mb_kernel_size
, (size_t)mh_entry_addr
);
651 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR. */
652 uint32_t mh_header_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+12);
653 mh_load_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+16);
654 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
655 uint32_t mh_load_end_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+20);
656 uint32_t mh_bss_end_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+24);
658 uint32_t mb_kernel_text_offset
= i
- (mh_header_addr
- mh_load_addr
);
661 mh_entry_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+28);
662 mb_kernel_size
= get_file_size(f
) - mb_kernel_text_offset
;
664 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE.
665 uint32_t mh_mode_type = ldl_p(header+i+32);
666 uint32_t mh_width = ldl_p(header+i+36);
667 uint32_t mh_height = ldl_p(header+i+40);
668 uint32_t mh_depth = ldl_p(header+i+44); */
670 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
671 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_header_addr = %#x\n", mh_header_addr
);
672 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_load_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_addr
);
673 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_load_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_end_addr
);
674 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_bss_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_bss_end_addr
);
675 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: loading multiboot kernel (%#x bytes) at %#x\n",
676 mb_kernel_size
, mh_load_addr
);
679 kernel
= qemu_malloc(mb_kernel_size
);
680 fseek(f
, mb_kernel_text_offset
, SEEK_SET
);
681 fread(kernel
, 1, mb_kernel_size
, f
);
682 rom_add_blob_fixed(kernel_filename
, kernel
, mb_kernel_size
,
688 /* blob size is only the kernel for now */
689 mb_mod_end
= mh_load_addr
+ mb_kernel_size
;
692 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 20, 0x0); /* mods_count */
693 if (initrd_filename
) {
694 uint32_t mb_mod_info
= 0x100;
695 uint32_t mb_mod_cmdline
= 0x300;
696 uint32_t mb_mod_start
= mh_load_addr
;
697 uint32_t mb_mod_length
= mb_kernel_size
;
700 int mb_mod_count
= 0;
703 if (mb_mod_info
+ 16 > mb_mod_cmdline
) {
704 printf("WARNING: Too many modules loaded, aborting.\n");
707 next_initrd
= strchr(initrd_filename
, ',');
710 /* if a space comes after the module filename, treat everything
711 after that as parameters */
712 pstrcpy((char*)bootinfo
+ mb_mod_cmdline
,
713 sizeof(bootinfo
) - mb_mod_cmdline
,
715 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 8, mb_bootinfo
+ mb_mod_cmdline
); /* string */
716 mb_mod_cmdline
+= strlen(initrd_filename
) + 1;
717 if (mb_mod_cmdline
> sizeof(bootinfo
)) {
718 mb_mod_cmdline
= sizeof(bootinfo
);
719 printf("WARNING: Too many module cmdlines loaded, aborting.\n");
722 if ((next_space
= strchr(initrd_filename
, ' ')))
724 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
725 printf("multiboot loading module: %s\n", initrd_filename
);
727 mb_mod_start
= (mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
+ (TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
- 1))
728 & (TARGET_PAGE_MASK
);
729 mb_mod_length
= get_image_size(initrd_filename
);
730 if (mb_mod_length
< 0) {
731 fprintf(stderr
, "failed to get %s image size\n", initrd_filename
);
734 mb_mod_end
= mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
;
735 rom_add_file_fixed(initrd_filename
, mb_mod_start
);
738 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 0, mb_mod_start
);
739 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 4, mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
);
740 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 12, 0x0); /* reserved */
741 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
742 printf("mod_start: %#x\nmod_end: %#x\n", mb_mod_start
,
743 mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
);
745 initrd_filename
= next_initrd
+1;
747 } while (next_initrd
);
748 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 20, mb_mod_count
); /* mods_count */
749 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 24, mb_bootinfo
+ 0x100); /* mods_addr */
752 /* Commandline support */
753 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 16, mb_bootinfo
+ cmdline
);
754 snprintf((char*)bootinfo
+ cmdline
, 0x100, "%s %s",
755 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
);
757 /* the kernel is where we want it to be now */
758 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY (1 << 0)
759 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE (1 << 1)
760 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE (1 << 2)
761 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES (1 << 3)
762 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP (1 << 6)
763 stl_p(bootinfo
, MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY
764 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE
765 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE
766 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES
767 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP
);
768 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 4, 640); /* mem_lower */
769 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 8, ram_size
/ 1024); /* mem_upper */
770 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 12, 0x8001ffff); /* XXX: use the -boot switch? */
771 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 48, mmap_addr
); /* mmap_addr */
773 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
774 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_entry_addr = %#x\n", mh_entry_addr
);
777 /* Pass variables to option rom */
778 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ADDR
, mh_entry_addr
);
779 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_INITRD_ADDR
, mb_bootinfo
);
780 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE
, mmap_addr
);
782 rom_add_blob_fixed("multiboot-info", bootinfo
, sizeof(bootinfo
),
785 option_rom
[nb_option_roms
] = "multiboot.bin";
788 return 1; /* yes, we are multiboot */
791 static void load_linux(void *fw_cfg
,
792 const char *kernel_filename
,
793 const char *initrd_filename
,
794 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
795 target_phys_addr_t max_ram_size
)
801 int setup_size
, kernel_size
, initrd_size
= 0, cmdline_size
;
803 uint8_t header
[8192], *setup
, *kernel
;
804 target_phys_addr_t real_addr
, prot_addr
, cmdline_addr
, initrd_addr
= 0;
808 /* Align to 16 bytes as a paranoia measure */
809 cmdline_size
= (strlen(kernel_cmdline
)+16) & ~15;
811 /* load the kernel header */
812 f
= fopen(kernel_filename
, "rb");
813 if (!f
|| !(kernel_size
= get_file_size(f
)) ||
814 fread(header
, 1, MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header
), kernel_size
), f
) !=
815 MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header
), kernel_size
)) {
816 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s': %s\n",
817 kernel_filename
, strerror(errno
));
821 /* kernel protocol version */
823 fprintf(stderr
, "header magic: %#x\n", ldl_p(header
+0x202));
825 if (ldl_p(header
+0x202) == 0x53726448)
826 protocol
= lduw_p(header
+0x206);
828 /* This looks like a multiboot kernel. If it is, let's stop
829 treating it like a Linux kernel. */
830 if (load_multiboot(fw_cfg
, f
, kernel_filename
,
831 initrd_filename
, kernel_cmdline
, header
))
836 if (protocol
< 0x200 || !(header
[0x211] & 0x01)) {
839 cmdline_addr
= 0x9a000 - cmdline_size
;
841 } else if (protocol
< 0x202) {
842 /* High but ancient kernel */
844 cmdline_addr
= 0x9a000 - cmdline_size
;
845 prot_addr
= 0x100000;
847 /* High and recent kernel */
849 cmdline_addr
= 0x20000;
850 prot_addr
= 0x100000;
855 "qemu: real_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n"
856 "qemu: cmdline_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n"
857 "qemu: prot_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n",
863 /* highest address for loading the initrd */
864 if (protocol
>= 0x203)
865 initrd_max
= ldl_p(header
+0x22c);
867 initrd_max
= 0x37ffffff;
869 if (initrd_max
>= max_ram_size
-ACPI_DATA_SIZE
)
870 initrd_max
= max_ram_size
-ACPI_DATA_SIZE
-1;
872 /* kernel command line */
873 rom_add_blob_fixed("cmdline", kernel_cmdline
,
874 strlen(kernel_cmdline
)+1, cmdline_addr
);
876 if (protocol
>= 0x202) {
877 stl_p(header
+0x228, cmdline_addr
);
879 stw_p(header
+0x20, 0xA33F);
880 stw_p(header
+0x22, cmdline_addr
-real_addr
);
883 /* handle vga= parameter */
884 vmode
= strstr(kernel_cmdline
, "vga=");
886 unsigned int video_mode
;
889 if (!strncmp(vmode
, "normal", 6)) {
891 } else if (!strncmp(vmode
, "ext", 3)) {
893 } else if (!strncmp(vmode
, "ask", 3)) {
896 video_mode
= strtol(vmode
, NULL
, 0);
898 stw_p(header
+0x1fa, video_mode
);
902 /* High nybble = B reserved for Qemu; low nybble is revision number.
903 If this code is substantially changed, you may want to consider
904 incrementing the revision. */
905 if (protocol
>= 0x200)
906 header
[0x210] = 0xB0;
909 if (protocol
>= 0x201) {
910 header
[0x211] |= 0x80; /* CAN_USE_HEAP */
911 stw_p(header
+0x224, cmdline_addr
-real_addr
-0x200);
915 if (initrd_filename
) {
916 if (protocol
< 0x200) {
917 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: linux kernel too old to load a ram disk\n");
921 initrd_size
= get_image_size(initrd_filename
);
922 initrd_addr
= (initrd_max
-initrd_size
) & ~4095;
923 rom_add_file_fixed(initrd_filename
, initrd_addr
);
925 stl_p(header
+0x218, initrd_addr
);
926 stl_p(header
+0x21c, initrd_size
);
929 /* load kernel and setup */
930 setup_size
= header
[0x1f1];
933 setup_size
= (setup_size
+1)*512;
934 kernel_size
-= setup_size
;
936 setup
= qemu_malloc(setup_size
);
937 kernel
= qemu_malloc(kernel_size
);
938 fseek(f
, 0, SEEK_SET
);
939 fread(setup
, 1, setup_size
, f
);
940 fread(kernel
, 1, kernel_size
, f
);
942 memcpy(setup
, header
, MIN(sizeof(header
), setup_size
));
943 rom_add_blob_fixed("linux-setup", setup
,
944 setup_size
, real_addr
);
945 rom_add_blob_fixed(kernel_filename
, kernel
,
946 kernel_size
, prot_addr
);
950 /* generate bootsector to set up the initial register state */
951 real_seg
= real_addr
>> 4;
952 seg
[0] = seg
[2] = seg
[3] = seg
[4] = seg
[4] = real_seg
;
953 seg
[1] = real_seg
+0x20; /* CS */
954 memset(gpr
, 0, sizeof gpr
);
955 gpr
[4] = cmdline_addr
-real_addr
-16; /* SP (-16 is paranoia) */
957 generate_bootsect(gpr
, seg
, 0);
960 static const int ide_iobase
[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
961 static const int ide_iobase2
[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
962 static const int ide_irq
[2] = { 14, 15 };
964 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
966 static const int ne2000_io
[NE2000_NB_MAX
] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
968 static const int ne2000_irq
[NE2000_NB_MAX
] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
970 static const int parallel_io
[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
] = { 0x378, 0x278, 0x3bc };
971 static const int parallel_irq
[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
] = { 7, 7, 7 };
974 static void audio_init (PCIBus
*pci_bus
, qemu_irq
*pic
)
978 for (c
= soundhw
; c
->name
; ++c
) {
981 c
->init
.init_isa(pic
);
984 c
->init
.init_pci(pci_bus
);
992 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(NICInfo
*nd
)
994 static int nb_ne2k
= 0;
996 if (nb_ne2k
== NE2000_NB_MAX
)
998 isa_ne2000_init(ne2000_io
[nb_ne2k
],
999 ne2000_irq
[nb_ne2k
], nd
);
1003 int cpu_is_bsp(CPUState
*env
)
1005 return env
->cpuid_apic_id
== 0;
1008 static CPUState
*pc_new_cpu(const char *cpu_model
)
1012 env
= cpu_init(cpu_model
);
1014 fprintf(stderr
, "Unable to find x86 CPU definition\n");
1017 if ((env
->cpuid_features
& CPUID_APIC
) || smp_cpus
> 1) {
1018 env
->cpuid_apic_id
= env
->cpu_index
;
1019 /* APIC reset callback resets cpu */
1022 qemu_register_reset((QEMUResetHandler
*)cpu_reset
, env
);
1027 /* PC hardware initialisation */
1028 static void pc_init1(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1029 const char *boot_device
,
1030 const char *kernel_filename
,
1031 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1032 const char *initrd_filename
,
1033 const char *cpu_model
,
1037 int ret
, linux_boot
, i
;
1038 ram_addr_t ram_addr
, bios_offset
, option_rom_offset
;
1039 ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size
, above_4g_mem_size
= 0;
1040 int bios_size
, isa_bios_size
;
1043 int piix3_devfn
= -1;
1048 IsaIrqState
*isa_irq_state
;
1049 DriveInfo
*hd
[MAX_IDE_BUS
* MAX_IDE_DEVS
];
1050 DriveInfo
*fd
[MAX_FD
];
1053 if (ram_size
>= 0xe0000000 ) {
1054 above_4g_mem_size
= ram_size
- 0xe0000000;
1055 below_4g_mem_size
= 0xe0000000;
1057 below_4g_mem_size
= ram_size
;
1060 linux_boot
= (kernel_filename
!= NULL
);
1063 if (cpu_model
== NULL
) {
1064 #ifdef TARGET_X86_64
1065 cpu_model
= "qemu64";
1067 cpu_model
= "qemu32";
1071 for (i
= 0; i
< smp_cpus
; i
++) {
1072 env
= pc_new_cpu(cpu_model
);
1078 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(0xa0000);
1079 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, 0xa0000, ram_addr
);
1081 /* Allocate, even though we won't register, so we don't break the
1082 * phys_ram_base + PA assumption. This range includes vga (0xa0000 - 0xc0000),
1083 * and some bios areas, which will be registered later
1085 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(0x100000 - 0xa0000);
1086 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(below_4g_mem_size
- 0x100000);
1087 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000,
1088 below_4g_mem_size
- 0x100000,
1091 /* above 4giga memory allocation */
1092 if (above_4g_mem_size
> 0) {
1093 #if TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_BITS == 32
1094 hw_error("To much RAM for 32-bit physical address");
1096 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(above_4g_mem_size
);
1097 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000000ULL
,
1105 if (bios_name
== NULL
)
1106 bios_name
= BIOS_FILENAME
;
1107 filename
= qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS
, bios_name
);
1109 bios_size
= get_image_size(filename
);
1113 if (bios_size
<= 0 ||
1114 (bios_size
% 65536) != 0) {
1117 bios_offset
= qemu_ram_alloc(bios_size
);
1118 ret
= rom_add_file_fixed(bios_name
, (uint32_t)(-bios_size
));
1121 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", bios_name
);
1125 qemu_free(filename
);
1127 /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
1128 isa_bios_size
= bios_size
;
1129 if (isa_bios_size
> (128 * 1024))
1130 isa_bios_size
= 128 * 1024;
1131 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000 - isa_bios_size
,
1133 (bios_offset
+ bios_size
- isa_bios_size
) | IO_MEM_ROM
);
1137 rom_enable_driver_roms
= 1;
1138 option_rom_offset
= qemu_ram_alloc(PC_ROM_SIZE
);
1139 cpu_register_physical_memory(PC_ROM_MIN_VGA
, PC_ROM_SIZE
, option_rom_offset
);
1141 /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
1142 cpu_register_physical_memory((uint32_t)(-bios_size
),
1143 bios_size
, bios_offset
| IO_MEM_ROM
);
1145 fw_cfg
= bochs_bios_init();
1148 load_linux(fw_cfg
, kernel_filename
, initrd_filename
, kernel_cmdline
, below_4g_mem_size
);
1151 for (i
= 0; i
< nb_option_roms
; i
++) {
1152 rom_add_option(option_rom
[i
]);
1155 cpu_irq
= qemu_allocate_irqs(pic_irq_request
, NULL
, 1);
1156 i8259
= i8259_init(cpu_irq
[0]);
1157 isa_irq_state
= qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*isa_irq_state
));
1158 isa_irq_state
->i8259
= i8259
;
1159 isa_irq
= qemu_allocate_irqs(isa_irq_handler
, isa_irq_state
, 24);
1162 pci_bus
= i440fx_init(&i440fx_state
, &piix3_devfn
, isa_irq
);
1167 isa_bus_irqs(isa_irq
);
1169 ferr_irq
= isa_reserve_irq(13);
1171 /* init basic PC hardware */
1172 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write
, NULL
);
1174 register_ioport_write(0xf0, 1, 1, ioportF0_write
, NULL
);
1176 if (cirrus_vga_enabled
) {
1178 pci_cirrus_vga_init(pci_bus
);
1180 isa_cirrus_vga_init();
1182 } else if (vmsvga_enabled
) {
1184 pci_vmsvga_init(pci_bus
);
1186 fprintf(stderr
, "%s: vmware_vga: no PCI bus\n", __FUNCTION__
);
1187 } else if (std_vga_enabled
) {
1189 pci_vga_init(pci_bus
, 0, 0);
1195 rtc_state
= rtc_init(2000);
1197 qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set
, rtc_state
);
1199 register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read
, NULL
);
1200 register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write
, NULL
);
1203 isa_irq_state
->ioapic
= ioapic_init();
1205 pit
= pit_init(0x40, isa_reserve_irq(0));
1211 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_SERIAL_PORTS
; i
++) {
1212 if (serial_hds
[i
]) {
1213 serial_isa_init(i
, serial_hds
[i
]);
1217 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
; i
++) {
1218 if (parallel_hds
[i
]) {
1219 parallel_init(i
, parallel_hds
[i
]);
1223 for(i
= 0; i
< nb_nics
; i
++) {
1224 NICInfo
*nd
= &nd_table
[i
];
1226 if (!pci_enabled
|| (nd
->model
&& strcmp(nd
->model
, "ne2k_isa") == 0))
1227 pc_init_ne2k_isa(nd
);
1229 pci_nic_init_nofail(nd
, "e1000", NULL
);
1232 if (drive_get_max_bus(IF_IDE
) >= MAX_IDE_BUS
) {
1233 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: too many IDE bus\n");
1237 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_IDE_BUS
* MAX_IDE_DEVS
; i
++) {
1238 hd
[i
] = drive_get(IF_IDE
, i
/ MAX_IDE_DEVS
, i
% MAX_IDE_DEVS
);
1242 pci_piix3_ide_init(pci_bus
, hd
, piix3_devfn
+ 1);
1244 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_IDE_BUS
; i
++) {
1245 isa_ide_init(ide_iobase
[i
], ide_iobase2
[i
], ide_irq
[i
],
1246 hd
[MAX_IDE_DEVS
* i
], hd
[MAX_IDE_DEVS
* i
+ 1]);
1250 isa_dev
= isa_create_simple("i8042");
1253 audio_init(pci_enabled
? pci_bus
: NULL
, isa_irq
);
1256 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_FD
; i
++) {
1257 fd
[i
] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY
, 0, i
);
1259 floppy_controller
= fdctrl_init_isa(fd
);
1261 cmos_init(below_4g_mem_size
, above_4g_mem_size
, boot_device
, hd
);
1263 if (pci_enabled
&& usb_enabled
) {
1264 usb_uhci_piix3_init(pci_bus
, piix3_devfn
+ 2);
1267 if (pci_enabled
&& acpi_enabled
) {
1268 uint8_t *eeprom_buf
= qemu_mallocz(8 * 256); /* XXX: make this persistent */
1271 /* TODO: Populate SPD eeprom data. */
1272 smbus
= piix4_pm_init(pci_bus
, piix3_devfn
+ 3, 0xb100,
1273 isa_reserve_irq(9));
1274 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
1275 DeviceState
*eeprom
;
1276 eeprom
= qdev_create((BusState
*)smbus
, "smbus-eeprom");
1277 qdev_prop_set_uint8(eeprom
, "address", 0x50 + i
);
1278 qdev_prop_set_ptr(eeprom
, "data", eeprom_buf
+ (i
* 256));
1279 qdev_init_nofail(eeprom
);
1281 piix4_acpi_system_hot_add_init(pci_bus
);
1285 i440fx_init_memory_mappings(i440fx_state
);
1292 max_bus
= drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI
);
1293 for (bus
= 0; bus
<= max_bus
; bus
++) {
1294 pci_create_simple(pci_bus
, -1, "lsi53c895a");
1298 /* Add virtio console devices */
1300 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES
; i
++) {
1301 if (virtcon_hds
[i
]) {
1302 pci_create_simple(pci_bus
, -1, "virtio-console-pci");
1308 static void pc_init_pci(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1309 const char *boot_device
,
1310 const char *kernel_filename
,
1311 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1312 const char *initrd_filename
,
1313 const char *cpu_model
)
1315 pc_init1(ram_size
, boot_device
,
1316 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
,
1317 initrd_filename
, cpu_model
, 1);
1320 static void pc_init_isa(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1321 const char *boot_device
,
1322 const char *kernel_filename
,
1323 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1324 const char *initrd_filename
,
1325 const char *cpu_model
)
1327 if (cpu_model
== NULL
)
1329 pc_init1(ram_size
, boot_device
,
1330 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
,
1331 initrd_filename
, cpu_model
, 0);
1334 /* set CMOS shutdown status register (index 0xF) as S3_resume(0xFE)
1335 BIOS will read it and start S3 resume at POST Entry */
1336 void cmos_set_s3_resume(void)
1339 rtc_set_memory(rtc_state
, 0xF, 0xFE);
1342 static QEMUMachine pc_machine
= {
1345 .desc
= "Standard PC",
1346 .init
= pc_init_pci
,
1351 static QEMUMachine pc_machine_v0_10
= {
1353 .desc
= "Standard PC, qemu 0.10",
1354 .init
= pc_init_pci
,
1356 .compat_props
= (CompatProperty
[]) {
1358 .driver
= "virtio-blk-pci",
1359 .property
= "class",
1360 .value
= stringify(PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_OTHER
),
1362 .driver
= "virtio-console-pci",
1363 .property
= "class",
1364 .value
= stringify(PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER
),
1366 .driver
= "virtio-net-pci",
1367 .property
= "vectors",
1368 .value
= stringify(0),
1370 .driver
= "virtio-blk-pci",
1371 .property
= "vectors",
1372 .value
= stringify(0),
1374 { /* end of list */ }
1378 static QEMUMachine isapc_machine
= {
1380 .desc
= "ISA-only PC",
1381 .init
= pc_init_isa
,
1385 static void pc_machine_init(void)
1387 qemu_register_machine(&pc_machine
);
1388 qemu_register_machine(&pc_machine_v0_10
);
1389 qemu_register_machine(&isapc_machine
);
1392 machine_init(pc_machine_init
);