2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
30 #include "audio/audio.h"
36 #include "hpet_emul.h"
43 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
46 /* Show multiboot debug output */
47 //#define DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
49 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
51 #define PC_MAX_BIOS_SIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)
53 /* Leave a chunk of memory at the top of RAM for the BIOS ACPI tables. */
54 #define ACPI_DATA_SIZE 0x10000
55 #define BIOS_CFG_IOPORT 0x510
56 #define FW_CFG_ACPI_TABLES (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 0)
57 #define FW_CFG_SMBIOS_ENTRIES (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 1)
58 #define FW_CFG_IRQ0_OVERRIDE (FW_CFG_ARCH_LOCAL + 2)
62 static fdctrl_t
*floppy_controller
;
63 static RTCState
*rtc_state
;
65 static PCII440FXState
*i440fx_state
;
67 typedef struct isa_irq_state
{
72 static void isa_irq_handler(void *opaque
, int n
, int level
)
74 IsaIrqState
*isa
= (IsaIrqState
*)opaque
;
77 qemu_set_irq(isa
->i8259
[n
], level
);
80 qemu_set_irq(isa
->ioapic
[n
], level
);
83 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t data
)
87 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
88 static qemu_irq ferr_irq
;
89 /* XXX: add IGNNE support */
90 void cpu_set_ferr(CPUX86State
*s
)
92 qemu_irq_raise(ferr_irq
);
95 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t data
)
97 qemu_irq_lower(ferr_irq
);
101 uint64_t cpu_get_tsc(CPUX86State
*env
)
103 return cpu_get_ticks();
107 void cpu_smm_update(CPUState
*env
)
109 if (i440fx_state
&& env
== first_cpu
)
110 i440fx_set_smm(i440fx_state
, (env
->hflags
>> HF_SMM_SHIFT
) & 1);
115 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUState
*env
)
119 intno
= apic_get_interrupt(env
);
121 /* set irq request if a PIC irq is still pending */
122 /* XXX: improve that */
123 pic_update_irq(isa_pic
);
126 /* read the irq from the PIC */
127 if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(env
))
130 intno
= pic_read_irq(isa_pic
);
134 static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque
, int irq
, int level
)
136 CPUState
*env
= first_cpu
;
138 if (env
->apic_state
) {
140 if (apic_accept_pic_intr(env
))
141 apic_deliver_pic_intr(env
, level
);
146 cpu_interrupt(env
, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD
);
148 cpu_reset_interrupt(env
, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD
);
152 /* PC cmos mappings */
154 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
156 static int cmos_get_fd_drive_type(int fd0
)
162 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
166 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
170 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
180 static void cmos_init_hd(int type_ofs
, int info_ofs
, BlockDriverState
*hd
)
182 RTCState
*s
= rtc_state
;
183 int cylinders
, heads
, sectors
;
184 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd
, &cylinders
, &heads
, §ors
);
185 rtc_set_memory(s
, type_ofs
, 47);
186 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
, cylinders
);
187 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 1, cylinders
>> 8);
188 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 2, heads
);
189 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 3, 0xff);
190 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 4, 0xff);
191 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 5, 0xc0 | ((heads
> 8) << 3));
192 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 6, cylinders
);
193 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 7, cylinders
>> 8);
194 rtc_set_memory(s
, info_ofs
+ 8, sectors
);
197 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
198 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device
)
200 switch(boot_device
) {
203 return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
205 return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
207 return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
209 return 0x04; /* Network boot */
214 /* copy/pasted from cmos_init, should be made a general function
215 and used there as well */
216 static int pc_boot_set(void *opaque
, const char *boot_device
)
218 Monitor
*mon
= cur_mon
;
219 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
220 RTCState
*s
= (RTCState
*)opaque
;
221 int nbds
, bds
[3] = { 0, };
224 nbds
= strlen(boot_device
);
225 if (nbds
> PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES
) {
226 monitor_printf(mon
, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
229 for (i
= 0; i
< nbds
; i
++) {
230 bds
[i
] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device
[i
]);
232 monitor_printf(mon
, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
237 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x3d, (bds
[1] << 4) | bds
[0]);
238 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x38, (bds
[2] << 4));
242 /* hd_table must contain 4 block drivers */
243 static void cmos_init(ram_addr_t ram_size
, ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size
,
244 const char *boot_device
, DriveInfo
**hd_table
)
246 RTCState
*s
= rtc_state
;
247 int nbds
, bds
[3] = { 0, };
252 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
255 val
= 640; /* base memory in K */
256 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x15, val
);
257 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x16, val
>> 8);
259 val
= (ram_size
/ 1024) - 1024;
262 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x17, val
);
263 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x18, val
>> 8);
264 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x30, val
);
265 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x31, val
>> 8);
267 if (above_4g_mem_size
) {
268 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5b, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size
>> 16);
269 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5c, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size
>> 24);
270 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5d, (uint64_t)above_4g_mem_size
>> 32);
273 if (ram_size
> (16 * 1024 * 1024))
274 val
= (ram_size
/ 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
279 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x34, val
);
280 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x35, val
>> 8);
282 /* set the number of CPU */
283 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x5f, smp_cpus
- 1);
285 /* set boot devices, and disable floppy signature check if requested */
286 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
287 nbds
= strlen(boot_device
);
288 if (nbds
> PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES
) {
289 fprintf(stderr
, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
292 for (i
= 0; i
< nbds
; i
++) {
293 bds
[i
] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device
[i
]);
295 fprintf(stderr
, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
300 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x3d, (bds
[1] << 4) | bds
[0]);
301 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x38, (bds
[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk
? 0x0 : 0x1));
305 fd0
= fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller
, 0);
306 fd1
= fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller
, 1);
308 val
= (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd0
) << 4) | cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd1
);
309 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x10, val
);
321 val
|= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
324 val
|= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
327 val
|= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
328 val
|= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
329 rtc_set_memory(s
, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE
, val
);
333 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x12, (hd_table
[0] ? 0xf0 : 0) | (hd_table
[1] ? 0x0f : 0));
335 cmos_init_hd(0x19, 0x1b, hd_table
[0]->bdrv
);
337 cmos_init_hd(0x1a, 0x24, hd_table
[1]->bdrv
);
340 for (i
= 0; i
< 4; i
++) {
342 int cylinders
, heads
, sectors
, translation
;
343 /* NOTE: bdrv_get_geometry_hint() returns the physical
344 geometry. It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
345 <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
346 geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
347 translation
= bdrv_get_translation_hint(hd_table
[i
]->bdrv
);
348 if (translation
== BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO
) {
349 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd_table
[i
]->bdrv
, &cylinders
, &heads
, §ors
);
350 if (cylinders
<= 1024 && heads
<= 16 && sectors
<= 63) {
351 /* No translation. */
354 /* LBA translation. */
360 val
|= translation
<< (i
* 2);
363 rtc_set_memory(s
, 0x39, val
);
366 void ioport_set_a20(int enable
)
368 /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
369 cpu_x86_set_a20(first_cpu
, enable
);
372 int ioport_get_a20(void)
374 return ((first_cpu
->a20_mask
>> 20) & 1);
377 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t val
)
379 ioport_set_a20((val
>> 1) & 1);
380 /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
383 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
)
385 return ioport_get_a20() << 1;
388 /***********************************************************/
389 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
391 static void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque
, uint32_t addr
, uint32_t val
)
393 static const char shutdown_str
[8] = "Shutdown";
394 static int shutdown_index
= 0;
397 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
400 fprintf(stderr
, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val
);
405 fprintf(stderr
, "%c", val
);
409 /* same as Bochs power off */
410 if (val
== shutdown_str
[shutdown_index
]) {
412 if (shutdown_index
== 8) {
414 qemu_system_shutdown_request();
421 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
424 fprintf(stderr
, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val
);
429 fprintf(stderr
, "%c", val
);
435 static void *bochs_bios_init(void)
438 uint8_t *smbios_table
;
440 uint64_t *numa_fw_cfg
;
443 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
444 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
445 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
446 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
447 register_ioport_write(0x8900, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
449 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
450 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
451 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
452 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write
, NULL
);
454 fw_cfg
= fw_cfg_init(BIOS_CFG_IOPORT
, BIOS_CFG_IOPORT
+ 1, 0, 0);
456 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_ID
, 1);
457 fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE
, (uint64_t)ram_size
);
458 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_ACPI_TABLES
, (uint8_t *)acpi_tables
,
460 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_IRQ0_OVERRIDE
, &irq0override
, 1);
462 smbios_table
= smbios_get_table(&smbios_len
);
464 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_SMBIOS_ENTRIES
,
465 smbios_table
, smbios_len
);
467 /* allocate memory for the NUMA channel: one (64bit) word for the number
468 * of nodes, one word for each VCPU->node and one word for each node to
469 * hold the amount of memory.
471 numa_fw_cfg
= qemu_mallocz((1 + smp_cpus
+ nb_numa_nodes
) * 8);
472 numa_fw_cfg
[0] = cpu_to_le64(nb_numa_nodes
);
473 for (i
= 0; i
< smp_cpus
; i
++) {
474 for (j
= 0; j
< nb_numa_nodes
; j
++) {
475 if (node_cpumask
[j
] & (1 << i
)) {
476 numa_fw_cfg
[i
+ 1] = cpu_to_le64(j
);
481 for (i
= 0; i
< nb_numa_nodes
; i
++) {
482 numa_fw_cfg
[smp_cpus
+ 1 + i
] = cpu_to_le64(node_mem
[i
]);
484 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_NUMA
, (uint8_t *)numa_fw_cfg
,
485 (1 + smp_cpus
+ nb_numa_nodes
) * 8);
490 /* Generate an initial boot sector which sets state and jump to
491 a specified vector */
492 static void generate_bootsect(uint32_t gpr
[8], uint16_t segs
[6], uint16_t ip
)
494 uint8_t rom
[512], *p
, *reloc
;
498 memset(rom
, 0, sizeof(rom
));
501 /* Make sure we have an option rom signature */
505 /* ROM size in sectors*/
510 *p
++ = 0x50; /* push ax */
511 *p
++ = 0x1e; /* push ds */
512 *p
++ = 0x31; *p
++ = 0xc0; /* xor ax, ax */
513 *p
++ = 0x8e; *p
++ = 0xd8; /* mov ax, ds */
515 *p
++ = 0xc7; *p
++ = 0x06; /* movvw _start,0x64 */
516 *p
++ = 0x64; *p
++ = 0x00;
518 *p
++ = 0x00; *p
++ = 0x00;
520 *p
++ = 0x8c; *p
++ = 0x0e; /* mov cs,0x66 */
521 *p
++ = 0x66; *p
++ = 0x00;
523 *p
++ = 0x1f; /* pop ds */
524 *p
++ = 0x58; /* pop ax */
525 *p
++ = 0xcb; /* lret */
530 *p
++ = 0xfa; /* CLI */
531 *p
++ = 0xfc; /* CLD */
533 for (i
= 0; i
< 6; i
++) {
534 if (i
== 1) /* Skip CS */
537 *p
++ = 0xb8; /* MOV AX,imm16 */
540 *p
++ = 0x8e; /* MOV <seg>,AX */
541 *p
++ = 0xc0 + (i
<< 3);
544 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
545 *p
++ = 0x66; /* 32-bit operand size */
546 *p
++ = 0xb8 + i
; /* MOV <reg>,imm32 */
553 *p
++ = 0xea; /* JMP FAR */
556 *p
++ = segs
[1]; /* CS */
561 for (i
= 0; i
< (sizeof(rom
) - 1); i
++)
563 rom
[sizeof(rom
) - 1] = -sum
;
565 rom_add_blob("linux-bootsect", rom
, sizeof(rom
),
566 PC_ROM_MIN_OPTION
, PC_ROM_MAX
, PC_ROM_ALIGN
);
569 static long get_file_size(FILE *f
)
573 /* XXX: on Unix systems, using fstat() probably makes more sense */
576 fseek(f
, 0, SEEK_END
);
578 fseek(f
, where
, SEEK_SET
);
583 #define MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR 0x9000
585 #if MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR > 0xf0000
586 #error multiboot struct needs to fit in 16 bit real mode
589 static int load_multiboot(void *fw_cfg
,
591 const char *kernel_filename
,
592 const char *initrd_filename
,
593 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
596 int i
, is_multiboot
= 0;
598 uint32_t mh_entry_addr
;
599 uint32_t mh_load_addr
;
600 uint32_t mb_kernel_size
;
601 uint32_t mmap_addr
= MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR
;
602 uint32_t mb_bootinfo
= MULTIBOOT_STRUCT_ADDR
+ 0x500;
604 uint8_t bootinfo
[0x500];
605 uint32_t cmdline
= 0x200;
606 uint8_t *mb_kernel_data
;
607 uint8_t *mb_bootinfo_data
;
609 /* Ok, let's see if it is a multiboot image.
610 The header is 12x32bit long, so the latest entry may be 8192 - 48. */
611 for (i
= 0; i
< (8192 - 48); i
+= 4) {
612 if (ldl_p(header
+i
) == 0x1BADB002) {
613 uint32_t checksum
= ldl_p(header
+i
+8);
614 flags
= ldl_p(header
+i
+4);
616 checksum
+= (uint32_t)0x1BADB002;
625 return 0; /* no multiboot */
627 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
628 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: I believe we found a multiboot image!\n");
630 memset(bootinfo
, 0, sizeof(bootinfo
));
632 if (flags
& 0x00000004) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE */
633 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: multiboot knows VBE. we don't.\n");
635 if (!(flags
& 0x00010000)) { /* MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR */
639 kernel_size
= load_elf(kernel_filename
, 0, &elf_entry
, NULL
, NULL
,
641 if (kernel_size
< 0) {
642 fprintf(stderr
, "Error while loading elf kernel\n");
645 mh_load_addr
= mh_entry_addr
= elf_entry
;
646 mb_kernel_size
= kernel_size
;
648 mb_kernel_data
= qemu_malloc(mb_kernel_size
);
649 if (rom_copy(mb_kernel_data
, elf_entry
, kernel_size
) != kernel_size
) {
650 fprintf(stderr
, "Error while fetching elf kernel from rom\n");
654 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
655 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: loading multiboot-elf kernel (%#x bytes) with entry %#zx\n",
656 mb_kernel_size
, (size_t)mh_entry_addr
);
659 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_ADDR. */
660 uint32_t mh_header_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+12);
661 mh_load_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+16);
662 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
663 uint32_t mh_load_end_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+20);
664 uint32_t mh_bss_end_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+24);
666 uint32_t mb_kernel_text_offset
= i
- (mh_header_addr
- mh_load_addr
);
668 mh_entry_addr
= ldl_p(header
+i
+28);
669 mb_kernel_size
= get_file_size(f
) - mb_kernel_text_offset
;
671 /* Valid if mh_flags sets MULTIBOOT_HEADER_HAS_VBE.
672 uint32_t mh_mode_type = ldl_p(header+i+32);
673 uint32_t mh_width = ldl_p(header+i+36);
674 uint32_t mh_height = ldl_p(header+i+40);
675 uint32_t mh_depth = ldl_p(header+i+44); */
677 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
678 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_header_addr = %#x\n", mh_header_addr
);
679 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_load_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_addr
);
680 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_load_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_load_end_addr
);
681 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_bss_end_addr = %#x\n", mh_bss_end_addr
);
682 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: loading multiboot kernel (%#x bytes) at %#x\n",
683 mb_kernel_size
, mh_load_addr
);
686 mb_kernel_data
= qemu_malloc(mb_kernel_size
);
687 fseek(f
, mb_kernel_text_offset
, SEEK_SET
);
688 fread(mb_kernel_data
, 1, mb_kernel_size
, f
);
692 /* blob size is only the kernel for now */
693 mb_mod_end
= mh_load_addr
+ mb_kernel_size
;
696 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 20, 0x0); /* mods_count */
697 if (initrd_filename
) {
698 uint32_t mb_mod_info
= 0x100;
699 uint32_t mb_mod_cmdline
= 0x300;
700 uint32_t mb_mod_start
= mh_load_addr
;
701 uint32_t mb_mod_length
= mb_kernel_size
;
704 int mb_mod_count
= 0;
707 if (mb_mod_info
+ 16 > mb_mod_cmdline
) {
708 printf("WARNING: Too many modules loaded, aborting.\n");
711 next_initrd
= strchr(initrd_filename
, ',');
714 /* if a space comes after the module filename, treat everything
715 after that as parameters */
716 pstrcpy((char*)bootinfo
+ mb_mod_cmdline
,
717 sizeof(bootinfo
) - mb_mod_cmdline
,
719 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 8, mb_bootinfo
+ mb_mod_cmdline
); /* string */
720 mb_mod_cmdline
+= strlen(initrd_filename
) + 1;
721 if (mb_mod_cmdline
> sizeof(bootinfo
)) {
722 mb_mod_cmdline
= sizeof(bootinfo
);
723 printf("WARNING: Too many module cmdlines loaded, aborting.\n");
726 if ((next_space
= strchr(initrd_filename
, ' ')))
728 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
729 printf("multiboot loading module: %s\n", initrd_filename
);
731 mb_mod_start
= (mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
+ (TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
- 1))
732 & (TARGET_PAGE_MASK
);
733 mb_mod_length
= get_image_size(initrd_filename
);
734 if (mb_mod_length
< 0) {
735 fprintf(stderr
, "failed to get %s image size\n", initrd_filename
);
738 mb_mod_end
= mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
;
741 /* append module data at the end of last module */
742 mb_kernel_data
= qemu_realloc(mb_kernel_data
,
743 mh_load_addr
- mb_mod_end
);
744 load_image(initrd_filename
,
745 mb_kernel_data
+ mb_mod_start
- mh_load_addr
);
747 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 0, mb_mod_start
);
748 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 4, mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
);
749 stl_p(bootinfo
+ mb_mod_info
+ 12, 0x0); /* reserved */
750 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
751 printf("mod_start: %#x\nmod_end: %#x\n", mb_mod_start
,
752 mb_mod_start
+ mb_mod_length
);
754 initrd_filename
= next_initrd
+1;
756 } while (next_initrd
);
757 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 20, mb_mod_count
); /* mods_count */
758 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 24, mb_bootinfo
+ 0x100); /* mods_addr */
761 /* Commandline support */
762 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 16, mb_bootinfo
+ cmdline
);
763 snprintf((char*)bootinfo
+ cmdline
, 0x100, "%s %s",
764 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
);
766 /* the kernel is where we want it to be now */
767 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY (1 << 0)
768 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE (1 << 1)
769 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE (1 << 2)
770 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES (1 << 3)
771 #define MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP (1 << 6)
772 stl_p(bootinfo
, MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MEMORY
773 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_BOOT_DEVICE
774 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_CMDLINE
775 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MODULES
776 | MULTIBOOT_FLAGS_MMAP
);
777 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 4, 640); /* mem_lower */
778 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 8, ram_size
/ 1024); /* mem_upper */
779 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 12, 0x8001ffff); /* XXX: use the -boot switch? */
780 stl_p(bootinfo
+ 48, mmap_addr
); /* mmap_addr */
782 #ifdef DEBUG_MULTIBOOT
783 fprintf(stderr
, "multiboot: mh_entry_addr = %#x\n", mh_entry_addr
);
786 /* save bootinfo off the stack */
787 mb_bootinfo_data
= qemu_malloc(sizeof(bootinfo
));
788 memcpy(mb_bootinfo_data
, bootinfo
, sizeof(bootinfo
));
790 /* Pass variables to option rom */
791 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ENTRY
, mh_entry_addr
);
792 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_KERNEL_ADDR
, mh_load_addr
);
793 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_KERNEL_SIZE
, mb_mod_end
- mh_load_addr
);
794 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_KERNEL_DATA
, mb_kernel_data
,
795 mb_mod_end
- mh_load_addr
);
797 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_INITRD_ADDR
, mb_bootinfo
);
798 fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_INITRD_SIZE
, sizeof(bootinfo
));
799 fw_cfg_add_bytes(fw_cfg
, FW_CFG_INITRD_DATA
, mb_bootinfo_data
,
802 option_rom
[nb_option_roms
] = "multiboot.bin";
805 return 1; /* yes, we are multiboot */
808 static void load_linux(void *fw_cfg
,
809 const char *kernel_filename
,
810 const char *initrd_filename
,
811 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
812 target_phys_addr_t max_ram_size
)
818 int setup_size
, kernel_size
, initrd_size
= 0, cmdline_size
;
820 uint8_t header
[8192], *setup
, *kernel
;
821 target_phys_addr_t real_addr
, prot_addr
, cmdline_addr
, initrd_addr
= 0;
825 /* Align to 16 bytes as a paranoia measure */
826 cmdline_size
= (strlen(kernel_cmdline
)+16) & ~15;
828 /* load the kernel header */
829 f
= fopen(kernel_filename
, "rb");
830 if (!f
|| !(kernel_size
= get_file_size(f
)) ||
831 fread(header
, 1, MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header
), kernel_size
), f
) !=
832 MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(header
), kernel_size
)) {
833 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s': %s\n",
834 kernel_filename
, strerror(errno
));
838 /* kernel protocol version */
840 fprintf(stderr
, "header magic: %#x\n", ldl_p(header
+0x202));
842 if (ldl_p(header
+0x202) == 0x53726448)
843 protocol
= lduw_p(header
+0x206);
845 /* This looks like a multiboot kernel. If it is, let's stop
846 treating it like a Linux kernel. */
847 if (load_multiboot(fw_cfg
, f
, kernel_filename
,
848 initrd_filename
, kernel_cmdline
, header
))
853 if (protocol
< 0x200 || !(header
[0x211] & 0x01)) {
856 cmdline_addr
= 0x9a000 - cmdline_size
;
858 } else if (protocol
< 0x202) {
859 /* High but ancient kernel */
861 cmdline_addr
= 0x9a000 - cmdline_size
;
862 prot_addr
= 0x100000;
864 /* High and recent kernel */
866 cmdline_addr
= 0x20000;
867 prot_addr
= 0x100000;
872 "qemu: real_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n"
873 "qemu: cmdline_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n"
874 "qemu: prot_addr = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
"\n",
880 /* highest address for loading the initrd */
881 if (protocol
>= 0x203)
882 initrd_max
= ldl_p(header
+0x22c);
884 initrd_max
= 0x37ffffff;
886 if (initrd_max
>= max_ram_size
-ACPI_DATA_SIZE
)
887 initrd_max
= max_ram_size
-ACPI_DATA_SIZE
-1;
889 /* kernel command line */
890 rom_add_blob_fixed("cmdline", kernel_cmdline
,
891 strlen(kernel_cmdline
)+1, cmdline_addr
);
893 if (protocol
>= 0x202) {
894 stl_p(header
+0x228, cmdline_addr
);
896 stw_p(header
+0x20, 0xA33F);
897 stw_p(header
+0x22, cmdline_addr
-real_addr
);
900 /* handle vga= parameter */
901 vmode
= strstr(kernel_cmdline
, "vga=");
903 unsigned int video_mode
;
906 if (!strncmp(vmode
, "normal", 6)) {
908 } else if (!strncmp(vmode
, "ext", 3)) {
910 } else if (!strncmp(vmode
, "ask", 3)) {
913 video_mode
= strtol(vmode
, NULL
, 0);
915 stw_p(header
+0x1fa, video_mode
);
919 /* High nybble = B reserved for Qemu; low nybble is revision number.
920 If this code is substantially changed, you may want to consider
921 incrementing the revision. */
922 if (protocol
>= 0x200)
923 header
[0x210] = 0xB0;
926 if (protocol
>= 0x201) {
927 header
[0x211] |= 0x80; /* CAN_USE_HEAP */
928 stw_p(header
+0x224, cmdline_addr
-real_addr
-0x200);
932 if (initrd_filename
) {
933 if (protocol
< 0x200) {
934 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: linux kernel too old to load a ram disk\n");
938 initrd_size
= get_image_size(initrd_filename
);
939 initrd_addr
= (initrd_max
-initrd_size
) & ~4095;
940 rom_add_file_fixed(initrd_filename
, initrd_addr
);
942 stl_p(header
+0x218, initrd_addr
);
943 stl_p(header
+0x21c, initrd_size
);
946 /* load kernel and setup */
947 setup_size
= header
[0x1f1];
950 setup_size
= (setup_size
+1)*512;
951 kernel_size
-= setup_size
;
953 setup
= qemu_malloc(setup_size
);
954 kernel
= qemu_malloc(kernel_size
);
955 fseek(f
, 0, SEEK_SET
);
956 fread(setup
, 1, setup_size
, f
);
957 fread(kernel
, 1, kernel_size
, f
);
959 memcpy(setup
, header
, MIN(sizeof(header
), setup_size
));
960 rom_add_blob_fixed("linux-setup", setup
,
961 setup_size
, real_addr
);
962 rom_add_blob_fixed(kernel_filename
, kernel
,
963 kernel_size
, prot_addr
);
967 /* generate bootsector to set up the initial register state */
968 real_seg
= real_addr
>> 4;
969 seg
[0] = seg
[2] = seg
[3] = seg
[4] = seg
[4] = real_seg
;
970 seg
[1] = real_seg
+0x20; /* CS */
971 memset(gpr
, 0, sizeof gpr
);
972 gpr
[4] = cmdline_addr
-real_addr
-16; /* SP (-16 is paranoia) */
974 generate_bootsect(gpr
, seg
, 0);
977 static const int ide_iobase
[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
978 static const int ide_iobase2
[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
979 static const int ide_irq
[2] = { 14, 15 };
981 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
983 static const int ne2000_io
[NE2000_NB_MAX
] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360,
985 static const int ne2000_irq
[NE2000_NB_MAX
] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
987 static const int parallel_io
[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
] = { 0x378, 0x278, 0x3bc };
988 static const int parallel_irq
[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
] = { 7, 7, 7 };
991 static void audio_init (PCIBus
*pci_bus
, qemu_irq
*pic
)
995 for (c
= soundhw
; c
->name
; ++c
) {
998 c
->init
.init_isa(pic
);
1001 c
->init
.init_pci(pci_bus
);
1009 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(NICInfo
*nd
)
1011 static int nb_ne2k
= 0;
1013 if (nb_ne2k
== NE2000_NB_MAX
)
1015 isa_ne2000_init(ne2000_io
[nb_ne2k
],
1016 ne2000_irq
[nb_ne2k
], nd
);
1020 int cpu_is_bsp(CPUState
*env
)
1022 return env
->cpuid_apic_id
== 0;
1025 static CPUState
*pc_new_cpu(const char *cpu_model
)
1029 env
= cpu_init(cpu_model
);
1031 fprintf(stderr
, "Unable to find x86 CPU definition\n");
1034 if ((env
->cpuid_features
& CPUID_APIC
) || smp_cpus
> 1) {
1035 env
->cpuid_apic_id
= env
->cpu_index
;
1036 /* APIC reset callback resets cpu */
1039 qemu_register_reset((QEMUResetHandler
*)cpu_reset
, env
);
1044 /* PC hardware initialisation */
1045 static void pc_init1(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1046 const char *boot_device
,
1047 const char *kernel_filename
,
1048 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1049 const char *initrd_filename
,
1050 const char *cpu_model
,
1054 int ret
, linux_boot
, i
;
1055 ram_addr_t ram_addr
, bios_offset
, option_rom_offset
;
1056 ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size
, above_4g_mem_size
= 0;
1057 int bios_size
, isa_bios_size
;
1060 int piix3_devfn
= -1;
1065 IsaIrqState
*isa_irq_state
;
1066 DriveInfo
*hd
[MAX_IDE_BUS
* MAX_IDE_DEVS
];
1067 DriveInfo
*fd
[MAX_FD
];
1070 if (ram_size
>= 0xe0000000 ) {
1071 above_4g_mem_size
= ram_size
- 0xe0000000;
1072 below_4g_mem_size
= 0xe0000000;
1074 below_4g_mem_size
= ram_size
;
1077 linux_boot
= (kernel_filename
!= NULL
);
1080 if (cpu_model
== NULL
) {
1081 #ifdef TARGET_X86_64
1082 cpu_model
= "qemu64";
1084 cpu_model
= "qemu32";
1088 for (i
= 0; i
< smp_cpus
; i
++) {
1089 env
= pc_new_cpu(cpu_model
);
1095 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(0xa0000);
1096 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, 0xa0000, ram_addr
);
1098 /* Allocate, even though we won't register, so we don't break the
1099 * phys_ram_base + PA assumption. This range includes vga (0xa0000 - 0xc0000),
1100 * and some bios areas, which will be registered later
1102 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(0x100000 - 0xa0000);
1103 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(below_4g_mem_size
- 0x100000);
1104 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000,
1105 below_4g_mem_size
- 0x100000,
1108 /* above 4giga memory allocation */
1109 if (above_4g_mem_size
> 0) {
1110 #if TARGET_PHYS_ADDR_BITS == 32
1111 hw_error("To much RAM for 32-bit physical address");
1113 ram_addr
= qemu_ram_alloc(above_4g_mem_size
);
1114 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000000ULL
,
1122 if (bios_name
== NULL
)
1123 bios_name
= BIOS_FILENAME
;
1124 filename
= qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS
, bios_name
);
1126 bios_size
= get_image_size(filename
);
1130 if (bios_size
<= 0 ||
1131 (bios_size
% 65536) != 0) {
1134 bios_offset
= qemu_ram_alloc(bios_size
);
1135 ret
= rom_add_file_fixed(bios_name
, (uint32_t)(-bios_size
));
1138 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", bios_name
);
1142 qemu_free(filename
);
1144 /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
1145 isa_bios_size
= bios_size
;
1146 if (isa_bios_size
> (128 * 1024))
1147 isa_bios_size
= 128 * 1024;
1148 cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000 - isa_bios_size
,
1150 (bios_offset
+ bios_size
- isa_bios_size
) | IO_MEM_ROM
);
1154 rom_enable_driver_roms
= 1;
1155 option_rom_offset
= qemu_ram_alloc(PC_ROM_SIZE
);
1156 cpu_register_physical_memory(PC_ROM_MIN_VGA
, PC_ROM_SIZE
, option_rom_offset
);
1158 /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
1159 cpu_register_physical_memory((uint32_t)(-bios_size
),
1160 bios_size
, bios_offset
| IO_MEM_ROM
);
1162 fw_cfg
= bochs_bios_init();
1165 load_linux(fw_cfg
, kernel_filename
, initrd_filename
, kernel_cmdline
, below_4g_mem_size
);
1168 for (i
= 0; i
< nb_option_roms
; i
++) {
1169 rom_add_option(option_rom
[i
]);
1172 cpu_irq
= qemu_allocate_irqs(pic_irq_request
, NULL
, 1);
1173 i8259
= i8259_init(cpu_irq
[0]);
1174 isa_irq_state
= qemu_mallocz(sizeof(*isa_irq_state
));
1175 isa_irq_state
->i8259
= i8259
;
1176 isa_irq
= qemu_allocate_irqs(isa_irq_handler
, isa_irq_state
, 24);
1179 pci_bus
= i440fx_init(&i440fx_state
, &piix3_devfn
, isa_irq
);
1184 isa_bus_irqs(isa_irq
);
1186 ferr_irq
= isa_reserve_irq(13);
1188 /* init basic PC hardware */
1189 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write
, NULL
);
1191 register_ioport_write(0xf0, 1, 1, ioportF0_write
, NULL
);
1193 if (cirrus_vga_enabled
) {
1195 pci_cirrus_vga_init(pci_bus
);
1197 isa_cirrus_vga_init();
1199 } else if (vmsvga_enabled
) {
1201 pci_vmsvga_init(pci_bus
);
1203 fprintf(stderr
, "%s: vmware_vga: no PCI bus\n", __FUNCTION__
);
1204 } else if (std_vga_enabled
) {
1206 pci_vga_init(pci_bus
, 0, 0);
1212 rtc_state
= rtc_init(2000);
1214 qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set
, rtc_state
);
1216 register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read
, NULL
);
1217 register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write
, NULL
);
1220 isa_irq_state
->ioapic
= ioapic_init();
1222 pit
= pit_init(0x40, isa_reserve_irq(0));
1228 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_SERIAL_PORTS
; i
++) {
1229 if (serial_hds
[i
]) {
1230 serial_isa_init(i
, serial_hds
[i
]);
1234 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS
; i
++) {
1235 if (parallel_hds
[i
]) {
1236 parallel_init(i
, parallel_hds
[i
]);
1240 for(i
= 0; i
< nb_nics
; i
++) {
1241 NICInfo
*nd
= &nd_table
[i
];
1243 if (!pci_enabled
|| (nd
->model
&& strcmp(nd
->model
, "ne2k_isa") == 0))
1244 pc_init_ne2k_isa(nd
);
1246 pci_nic_init_nofail(nd
, "e1000", NULL
);
1249 if (drive_get_max_bus(IF_IDE
) >= MAX_IDE_BUS
) {
1250 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: too many IDE bus\n");
1254 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_IDE_BUS
* MAX_IDE_DEVS
; i
++) {
1255 hd
[i
] = drive_get(IF_IDE
, i
/ MAX_IDE_DEVS
, i
% MAX_IDE_DEVS
);
1259 pci_piix3_ide_init(pci_bus
, hd
, piix3_devfn
+ 1);
1261 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_IDE_BUS
; i
++) {
1262 isa_ide_init(ide_iobase
[i
], ide_iobase2
[i
], ide_irq
[i
],
1263 hd
[MAX_IDE_DEVS
* i
], hd
[MAX_IDE_DEVS
* i
+ 1]);
1267 isa_dev
= isa_create_simple("i8042");
1270 audio_init(pci_enabled
? pci_bus
: NULL
, isa_irq
);
1273 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_FD
; i
++) {
1274 fd
[i
] = drive_get(IF_FLOPPY
, 0, i
);
1276 floppy_controller
= fdctrl_init_isa(fd
);
1278 cmos_init(below_4g_mem_size
, above_4g_mem_size
, boot_device
, hd
);
1280 if (pci_enabled
&& usb_enabled
) {
1281 usb_uhci_piix3_init(pci_bus
, piix3_devfn
+ 2);
1284 if (pci_enabled
&& acpi_enabled
) {
1285 uint8_t *eeprom_buf
= qemu_mallocz(8 * 256); /* XXX: make this persistent */
1288 /* TODO: Populate SPD eeprom data. */
1289 smbus
= piix4_pm_init(pci_bus
, piix3_devfn
+ 3, 0xb100,
1290 isa_reserve_irq(9));
1291 for (i
= 0; i
< 8; i
++) {
1292 DeviceState
*eeprom
;
1293 eeprom
= qdev_create((BusState
*)smbus
, "smbus-eeprom");
1294 qdev_prop_set_uint8(eeprom
, "address", 0x50 + i
);
1295 qdev_prop_set_ptr(eeprom
, "data", eeprom_buf
+ (i
* 256));
1296 qdev_init_nofail(eeprom
);
1298 piix4_acpi_system_hot_add_init(pci_bus
);
1302 i440fx_init_memory_mappings(i440fx_state
);
1309 max_bus
= drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI
);
1310 for (bus
= 0; bus
<= max_bus
; bus
++) {
1311 pci_create_simple(pci_bus
, -1, "lsi53c895a");
1315 /* Add virtio console devices */
1317 for(i
= 0; i
< MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES
; i
++) {
1318 if (virtcon_hds
[i
]) {
1319 pci_create_simple(pci_bus
, -1, "virtio-console-pci");
1325 static void pc_init_pci(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1326 const char *boot_device
,
1327 const char *kernel_filename
,
1328 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1329 const char *initrd_filename
,
1330 const char *cpu_model
)
1332 pc_init1(ram_size
, boot_device
,
1333 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
,
1334 initrd_filename
, cpu_model
, 1);
1337 static void pc_init_isa(ram_addr_t ram_size
,
1338 const char *boot_device
,
1339 const char *kernel_filename
,
1340 const char *kernel_cmdline
,
1341 const char *initrd_filename
,
1342 const char *cpu_model
)
1344 if (cpu_model
== NULL
)
1346 pc_init1(ram_size
, boot_device
,
1347 kernel_filename
, kernel_cmdline
,
1348 initrd_filename
, cpu_model
, 0);
1351 /* set CMOS shutdown status register (index 0xF) as S3_resume(0xFE)
1352 BIOS will read it and start S3 resume at POST Entry */
1353 void cmos_set_s3_resume(void)
1356 rtc_set_memory(rtc_state
, 0xF, 0xFE);
1359 static QEMUMachine pc_machine
= {
1362 .desc
= "Standard PC",
1363 .init
= pc_init_pci
,
1368 static QEMUMachine pc_machine_v0_10
= {
1370 .desc
= "Standard PC, qemu 0.10",
1371 .init
= pc_init_pci
,
1373 .compat_props
= (CompatProperty
[]) {
1375 .driver
= "virtio-blk-pci",
1376 .property
= "class",
1377 .value
= stringify(PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_OTHER
),
1379 .driver
= "virtio-console-pci",
1380 .property
= "class",
1381 .value
= stringify(PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER
),
1383 .driver
= "virtio-net-pci",
1384 .property
= "vectors",
1385 .value
= stringify(0),
1387 .driver
= "virtio-blk-pci",
1388 .property
= "vectors",
1389 .value
= stringify(0),
1391 { /* end of list */ }
1395 static QEMUMachine isapc_machine
= {
1397 .desc
= "ISA-only PC",
1398 .init
= pc_init_isa
,
1402 static void pc_machine_init(void)
1404 qemu_register_machine(&pc_machine
);
1405 qemu_register_machine(&pc_machine_v0_10
);
1406 qemu_register_machine(&isapc_machine
);
1409 machine_init(pc_machine_init
);