1 `acpi`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::
5 `agent`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
7 Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent.
11 Arbitrary arguments passed to kvm, for example:
13 args: -no-reboot -no-hpet
15 NOTE: this option is for experts only.
17 `autostart`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
19 Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored).
21 `balloon`: `integer (0 - N)` ::
23 Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon driver.
25 `bios`: `(ovmf | seabios)` (default=`seabios`)::
27 Select BIOS implementation.
29 `boot`: `[acdn]{1,4}` (default=`cdn`)::
31 Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n).
33 `bootdisk`: `(ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+` ::
35 Enable booting from specified disk.
39 This is an alias for option -ide2
41 `cores`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::
43 The number of cores per socket.
45 `cpu`: `[cputype=]<cputype> [,hidden=<1|0>]` ::
49 `cputype`=`<cputype>` (default=`kvm64`);;
53 `hidden`=`boolean` (default=`0`);;
55 Do not identify as a KVM virtual machine.
57 `cpulimit`: `number (0 - 128)` (default=`0`)::
61 NOTE: If the computer has 2 CPUs, it has total of '2' CPU time. Value '0' indicates no CPU limit.
63 `cpuunits`: `integer (0 - 500000)` (default=`1000`)::
65 CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all the other running VMs.
67 NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0.
69 `description`: `string` ::
71 Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This is saved as comment inside the configuration file.
73 `freeze`: `boolean` ::
75 Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution).
77 `hostpci[n]`: `[host=]<HOSTPCIID[;HOSTPCIID2...]> [,pcie=<1|0>] [,rombar=<1|0>] [,x-vga=<1|0>]` ::
79 Map host PCI devices into guest.
81 NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer
82 possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
84 CAUTION: Experimental! User reported problems with this option.
86 `host`=`<HOSTPCIID[;HOSTPCIID2...]>` ;;
88 Host PCI device pass through. The PCI ID of a host's PCI device or a list
89 of PCI virtual functions of the host. HOSTPCIID syntax is:
91 'bus:dev.func' (hexadecimal numbers)
93 You can us the 'lspci' command to list existing PCI devices.
95 `pcie`=`boolean` (default=`0`);;
97 Choose the PCI-express bus (needs the 'q35' machine model).
99 `rombar`=`boolean` (default=`1`);;
101 Specify whether or not the device's ROM will be visible in the guest's memory map.
103 `x-vga`=`boolean` (default=`0`);;
105 Enable vfio-vga device support.
107 `hotplug`: `string` (default=`network,disk,usb`)::
109 Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default 'network,disk,usb'.
111 `ide[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<image format>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::
113 Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3).
115 `aio`=`(native | threads)` ;;
119 `backup`=`boolean` ;;
121 Whether the drive should be included when making backups.
125 Maximum r/w speed speed in bytes per second.
129 Maximum read speed speed in bytes per second.
133 Maximum write speed speed in bytes per second.
135 `cache`=`(directsync | none | unsafe | writeback | writethrough)` ;;
137 The drive's cache mode
141 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific cylinder count.
143 `detect_zeroes`=`boolean` ;;
145 Controls whether to detect and try to optimize writes of zeroes.
147 `discard`=`(ignore | on)` ;;
149 Controls whether to pass discard/trim requests to the underlying storage.
153 The drive's backing volume.
155 `format`=`<image format>` ;;
157 The drive's backing file's data format.
161 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific head count.
165 Maximum r/w I/O speed in operations per second.
167 `iops_max`=`<iops>` ;;
169 Maximum unthrottled r/w I/O pool speed in operations per second.
171 `iops_rd`=`<iops>` ;;
173 Maximum read I/O speed in operations per second.
175 `iops_rd_max`=`<iops>` ;;
177 Maximum unthrottled read I/O pool speed in operations per second.
179 `iops_wr`=`<iops>` ;;
181 Maximum write I/O speed in operations per second.
183 `iops_wr_max`=`<iops>` ;;
185 Maximum unthrottled write I/O pool speed in operations per second.
189 Maximum r/w speed speed in megabytes per second.
191 `mbps_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
193 Maximum unthrottled r/w pool speed in megabytes per second.
195 `mbps_rd`=`<mbps>` ;;
197 Maximum read speed speed in megabytes per second.
199 `mbps_rd_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
201 Maximum unthrottled read pool speed in megabytes per second.
203 `mbps_wr`=`<mbps>` ;;
205 Maximum write speed speed in megabytes per second.
207 `mbps_wr_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
209 Maximum unthrottled write pool speed in megabytes per second.
211 `media`=`(cdrom | disk)` (default=`disk`);;
213 The drive's media type.
217 The drive's reported model name, url-encoded, up to 40 bytes long.
219 `rerror`=`(ignore | report | stop)` ;;
225 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific sector count.
227 `serial`=`<serial>` ;;
229 The drive's reported serial number, url-encoded, up to 20 bytes long.
231 `size`=`<DiskSize>` ;;
233 Disk size. This is purely informational and has no effect.
235 `snapshot`=`boolean` ;;
237 Whether the drive should be included when making snapshots.
239 `trans`=`(auto | lba | none)` ;;
241 Force disk geometry bios translation mode.
243 `werror`=`(enospc | ignore | report | stop)` ;;
247 `keyboard`: `(da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr)` (default=`en-us`)::
249 Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the '/etc/pve/datacenter.conf' configuration file.
251 `kvm`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::
253 Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization.
255 `localtime`: `boolean` ::
257 Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype indicates a Microsoft OS.
259 `lock`: `(backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot)` ::
263 `machine`: `(pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?)` ::
265 Specific the Qemu machine type.
267 `memory`: `integer (16 - N)` (default=`512`)::
269 Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when you use the balloon device.
271 `migrate_downtime`: `number (0 - N)` (default=`0.1`)::
273 Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations.
275 `migrate_speed`: `integer (0 - N)` (default=`0`)::
277 Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit.
281 Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface.
283 `net[n]`: `[model=]<model> [,bridge=<bridge>] [,firewall=<1|0>] [,link_down=<1|0>] [,macaddr=<XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX>] [,queues=<integer>] [,rate=<number>] [,tag=<integer>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid...]>] [,<model>=<macaddr>]` ::
285 Specify network devices.
287 `bridge`=`<bridge>` ;;
289 Bridge to attach the network device to. The Proxmox VE standard bridge
292 If you do not specify a bridge, we create a kvm user (NATed) network
293 device, which provides DHCP and DNS services. The following addresses
300 The DHCP server assign addresses to the guest starting from 10.0.2.15.
302 `firewall`=`boolean` ;;
304 Whether this interface should be protected by the firewall.
306 `link_down`=`boolean` ;;
308 Whether this interface should be disconnected (like pulling the plug).
310 `macaddr`=`<XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX>` ;;
312 MAC address. That address must be unique withing your network. This is automatically generated if not specified.
316 Network Card Model. The 'virtio' model provides the best performance with very low CPU overhead. If your guest does not support this driver, it is usually best to use 'e1000'.
318 `queues`=`integer (0 - 16)` ;;
320 Number of packet queues to be used on the device.
322 `rate`=`number (0 - N)` ;;
324 Rate limit in mbps (megabytes per second) as floating point number.
326 `tag`=`integer (1 - 4094)` ;;
328 VLAN tag to apply to packets on this interface.
330 `trunks`=`<vlanid[;vlanid...]>` ;;
332 VLAN trunks to pass through this interface.
334 `numa`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
338 `numa[n]`: `cpus=<id[-id];...> [,hostnodes=<id[-id];...>] [,memory=<number>] [,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]` ::
342 `cpus`=`<id[-id];...>` ;;
344 CPUs accessing this NUMA node.
346 `hostnodes`=`<id[-id];...>` ;;
348 Host NUMA nodes to use.
352 Amount of memory this NUMA node provides.
354 `policy`=`(bind | interleave | preferred)` ;;
356 NUMA allocation policy.
358 `onboot`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
360 Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup.
362 `ostype`: `(l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp)` ::
364 Specify guest operating system. This is used to enable special
365 optimization/features for specific operating systems:
368 other;; unspecified OS
369 wxp;; Microsoft Windows XP
370 w2k;; Microsoft Windows 2000
371 w2k3;; Microsoft Windows 2003
372 w2k8;; Microsoft Windows 2008
373 wvista;; Microsoft Windows Vista
374 win7;; Microsoft Windows 7
375 win8;; Microsoft Windows 8/2012
376 l24;; Linux 2.4 Kernel
377 l26;; Linux 2.6/3.X Kernel
378 solaris;; Solaris/OpenSolaris/OpenIndiania kernel
380 `parallel[n]`: `/dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+` ::
382 Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2).
384 NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
386 CAUTION: Experimental! User reported problems with this option.
388 `protection`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
390 Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will disable the remove VM and remove disk operations.
392 `reboot`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::
394 Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot.
396 `sata[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<image format>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::
398 Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5).
400 `aio`=`(native | threads)` ;;
404 `backup`=`boolean` ;;
406 Whether the drive should be included when making backups.
410 Maximum r/w speed speed in bytes per second.
414 Maximum read speed speed in bytes per second.
418 Maximum write speed speed in bytes per second.
420 `cache`=`(directsync | none | unsafe | writeback | writethrough)` ;;
422 The drive's cache mode
426 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific cylinder count.
428 `detect_zeroes`=`boolean` ;;
430 Controls whether to detect and try to optimize writes of zeroes.
432 `discard`=`(ignore | on)` ;;
434 Controls whether to pass discard/trim requests to the underlying storage.
438 The drive's backing volume.
440 `format`=`<image format>` ;;
442 The drive's backing file's data format.
446 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific head count.
450 Maximum r/w I/O speed in operations per second.
452 `iops_max`=`<iops>` ;;
454 Maximum unthrottled r/w I/O pool speed in operations per second.
456 `iops_rd`=`<iops>` ;;
458 Maximum read I/O speed in operations per second.
460 `iops_rd_max`=`<iops>` ;;
462 Maximum unthrottled read I/O pool speed in operations per second.
464 `iops_wr`=`<iops>` ;;
466 Maximum write I/O speed in operations per second.
468 `iops_wr_max`=`<iops>` ;;
470 Maximum unthrottled write I/O pool speed in operations per second.
474 Maximum r/w speed speed in megabytes per second.
476 `mbps_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
478 Maximum unthrottled r/w pool speed in megabytes per second.
480 `mbps_rd`=`<mbps>` ;;
482 Maximum read speed speed in megabytes per second.
484 `mbps_rd_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
486 Maximum unthrottled read pool speed in megabytes per second.
488 `mbps_wr`=`<mbps>` ;;
490 Maximum write speed speed in megabytes per second.
492 `mbps_wr_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
494 Maximum unthrottled write pool speed in megabytes per second.
496 `media`=`(cdrom | disk)` (default=`disk`);;
498 The drive's media type.
500 `rerror`=`(ignore | report | stop)` ;;
506 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific sector count.
508 `serial`=`<serial>` ;;
510 The drive's reported serial number, url-encoded, up to 20 bytes long.
512 `size`=`<DiskSize>` ;;
514 Disk size. This is purely informational and has no effect.
516 `snapshot`=`boolean` ;;
518 Whether the drive should be included when making snapshots.
520 `trans`=`(auto | lba | none)` ;;
522 Force disk geometry bios translation mode.
524 `werror`=`(enospc | ignore | report | stop)` ;;
528 `scsi[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<image format>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<integer>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::
530 Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13).
532 `aio`=`(native | threads)` ;;
536 `backup`=`boolean` ;;
538 Whether the drive should be included when making backups.
542 Maximum r/w speed speed in bytes per second.
546 Maximum read speed speed in bytes per second.
550 Maximum write speed speed in bytes per second.
552 `cache`=`(directsync | none | unsafe | writeback | writethrough)` ;;
554 The drive's cache mode
558 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific cylinder count.
560 `detect_zeroes`=`boolean` ;;
562 Controls whether to detect and try to optimize writes of zeroes.
564 `discard`=`(ignore | on)` ;;
566 Controls whether to pass discard/trim requests to the underlying storage.
570 The drive's backing volume.
572 `format`=`<image format>` ;;
574 The drive's backing file's data format.
578 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific head count.
582 Maximum r/w I/O speed in operations per second.
584 `iops_max`=`<iops>` ;;
586 Maximum unthrottled r/w I/O pool speed in operations per second.
588 `iops_rd`=`<iops>` ;;
590 Maximum read I/O speed in operations per second.
592 `iops_rd_max`=`<iops>` ;;
594 Maximum unthrottled read I/O pool speed in operations per second.
596 `iops_wr`=`<iops>` ;;
598 Maximum write I/O speed in operations per second.
600 `iops_wr_max`=`<iops>` ;;
602 Maximum unthrottled write I/O pool speed in operations per second.
604 `iothread`=`boolean` ;;
606 Whether to use iothreads for this drive
610 Maximum r/w speed speed in megabytes per second.
612 `mbps_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
614 Maximum unthrottled r/w pool speed in megabytes per second.
616 `mbps_rd`=`<mbps>` ;;
618 Maximum read speed speed in megabytes per second.
620 `mbps_rd_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
622 Maximum unthrottled read pool speed in megabytes per second.
624 `mbps_wr`=`<mbps>` ;;
626 Maximum write speed speed in megabytes per second.
628 `mbps_wr_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
630 Maximum unthrottled write pool speed in megabytes per second.
632 `media`=`(cdrom | disk)` (default=`disk`);;
634 The drive's media type.
636 `queues`=`integer (2 - N)` ;;
642 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific sector count.
644 `serial`=`<serial>` ;;
646 The drive's reported serial number, url-encoded, up to 20 bytes long.
648 `size`=`<DiskSize>` ;;
650 Disk size. This is purely informational and has no effect.
652 `snapshot`=`boolean` ;;
654 Whether the drive should be included when making snapshots.
656 `trans`=`(auto | lba | none)` ;;
658 Force disk geometry bios translation mode.
660 `werror`=`(enospc | ignore | report | stop)` ;;
664 `scsihw`: `(lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single)` (default=`lsi`)::
666 SCSI controller model
668 `serial[n]`: `(/dev/.+|socket)` ::
670 Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3), and pass through a
671 host serial device (i.e. /dev/ttyS0), or create a unix socket on the
672 host side (use 'qm terminal' to open a terminal connection).
674 NOTE: If you pass through a host serial device, it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
676 CAUTION: Experimental! User reported problems with this option.
678 `shares`: `integer (0 - 50000)` (default=`1000`)::
680 Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning
682 `smbios1`: `[family=<string>] [,manufacturer=<string>] [,product=<string>] [,serial=<string>] [,sku=<string>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<string>]` ::
684 Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields.
686 `family`=`<string>` ;;
688 Set SMBIOS1 family string.
690 `manufacturer`=`<string>` ;;
692 Set SMBIOS1 manufacturer.
694 `product`=`<string>` ;;
696 Set SMBIOS1 product ID.
698 `serial`=`<string>` ;;
700 Set SMBIOS1 serial number.
704 Set SMBIOS1 SKU string.
710 `version`=`<string>` ;;
714 `smp`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::
716 The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead.
718 `sockets`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`1`)::
720 The number of CPU sockets.
722 `startdate`: `(now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS)` (default=`now`)::
724 Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are: 'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'.
726 `startup`: `[[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] ` ::
728 Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped.
730 `tablet`: `boolean` (default=`1`)::
732 Enable/disable the USB tablet device. This device is usually needed to allow absolute mouse positioning with VNC. Else the mouse runs out of sync with normal VNC clients. If you're running lots of console-only guests on one host, you may consider disabling this to save some context switches. This is turned off by default if you use spice (-vga=qxl).
734 `tdf`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
736 Enable/disable time drift fix.
738 `template`: `boolean` (default=`0`)::
740 Enable/disable Template.
742 `unused[n]`: `string` ::
744 Reference to unused volumes. This is used internally, and should not be modified manually.
746 `usb[n]`: `[host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<1|0>]` ::
748 Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4).
750 `host`=`<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice>` ;;
752 The Host USB device or port or the value 'spice'. HOSTUSBDEVICE syntax is:
754 'bus-port(.port)*' (decimal numbers) or
755 'vendor_id:product_id' (hexadeciaml numbers) or
758 You can use the 'lsusb -t' command to list existing usb devices.
760 NOTE: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care.
762 The value 'spice' can be used to add a usb redirection devices for spice.
764 `usb3`=`boolean` (default=`0`);;
766 Specifies whether if given host option is a USB3 device or port (this does currently not work reliably with spice redirection and is then ignored).
768 `vcpus`: `integer (1 - N)` (default=`0`)::
770 Number of hotplugged vcpus.
772 `vga`: `(cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware)` ::
774 Select the VGA type. If you want to use high resolution modes (>= 1280x1024x16) then you should use the options 'std' or 'vmware'. Default is 'std' for win8/win7/w2k8, and 'cirrus' for other OS types. The 'qxl' option enables the SPICE display sever. For win* OS you can select how many independent displays you want, Linux guests can add displays them self. You can also run without any graphic card, using a serial device as terminal.
776 `virtio[n]`: `[file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<1|0>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<integer>] [,detect_zeroes=<1|0>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<image format>] [,heads=<integer>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<1|0>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<integer>] [,serial=<serial>] [,size=<DiskSize>] [,snapshot=<1|0>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>]` ::
778 Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15).
780 `aio`=`(native | threads)` ;;
784 `backup`=`boolean` ;;
786 Whether the drive should be included when making backups.
790 Maximum r/w speed speed in bytes per second.
794 Maximum read speed speed in bytes per second.
798 Maximum write speed speed in bytes per second.
800 `cache`=`(directsync | none | unsafe | writeback | writethrough)` ;;
802 The drive's cache mode
806 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific cylinder count.
808 `detect_zeroes`=`boolean` ;;
810 Controls whether to detect and try to optimize writes of zeroes.
812 `discard`=`(ignore | on)` ;;
814 Controls whether to pass discard/trim requests to the underlying storage.
818 The drive's backing volume.
820 `format`=`<image format>` ;;
822 The drive's backing file's data format.
826 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific head count.
830 Maximum r/w I/O speed in operations per second.
832 `iops_max`=`<iops>` ;;
834 Maximum unthrottled r/w I/O pool speed in operations per second.
836 `iops_rd`=`<iops>` ;;
838 Maximum read I/O speed in operations per second.
840 `iops_rd_max`=`<iops>` ;;
842 Maximum unthrottled read I/O pool speed in operations per second.
844 `iops_wr`=`<iops>` ;;
846 Maximum write I/O speed in operations per second.
848 `iops_wr_max`=`<iops>` ;;
850 Maximum unthrottled write I/O pool speed in operations per second.
852 `iothread`=`boolean` ;;
854 Whether to use iothreads for this drive
858 Maximum r/w speed speed in megabytes per second.
860 `mbps_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
862 Maximum unthrottled r/w pool speed in megabytes per second.
864 `mbps_rd`=`<mbps>` ;;
866 Maximum read speed speed in megabytes per second.
868 `mbps_rd_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
870 Maximum unthrottled read pool speed in megabytes per second.
872 `mbps_wr`=`<mbps>` ;;
874 Maximum write speed speed in megabytes per second.
876 `mbps_wr_max`=`<mbps>` ;;
878 Maximum unthrottled write pool speed in megabytes per second.
880 `media`=`(cdrom | disk)` (default=`disk`);;
882 The drive's media type.
884 `rerror`=`(ignore | report | stop)` ;;
890 Force the drive's physical geometry to have a specific sector count.
892 `serial`=`<serial>` ;;
894 The drive's reported serial number, url-encoded, up to 20 bytes long.
896 `size`=`<DiskSize>` ;;
898 Disk size. This is purely informational and has no effect.
900 `snapshot`=`boolean` ;;
902 Whether the drive should be included when making snapshots.
904 `trans`=`(auto | lba | none)` ;;
906 Force disk geometry bios translation mode.
908 `werror`=`(enospc | ignore | report | stop)` ;;
912 `watchdog`: `[[model=]<i6300esb|ib700>] [,action=<reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none>]` ::
914 Create a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside the guest or else the watchdog will reset the guest (or execute the respective action specified)
916 `action`=`(debug | none | pause | poweroff | reset | shutdown)` ;;
918 The action to perform if after activation the guest fails to poll the watchdog in time.
920 `model`=`(i6300esb | ib700)` (default=`i6300esb`);;
922 Watchdog type to emulate.