]> git.proxmox.com Git - qemu.git/blobdiff - block.c
acpi/piix: add macros for acpi property names
[qemu.git] / block.c
diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index d5ce8d39e423b7400bba6c5e92460d8a4ae797b3..a325efcb215a51d52f02408beb57209b6aa11949 100644 (file)
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -86,13 +86,6 @@ static void coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_rw(void *opaque);
 static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
     int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors);
 
-static bool bdrv_exceed_bps_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
-        bool is_write, double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait);
-static bool bdrv_exceed_iops_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, bool is_write,
-        double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait);
-static bool bdrv_exceed_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
-        bool is_write, int64_t *wait);
-
 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, BlockDriverState) bdrv_states =
     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdrv_states);
 
@@ -123,70 +116,101 @@ int is_windows_drive(const char *filename)
 #endif
 
 /* throttling disk I/O limits */
-void bdrv_io_limits_disable(BlockDriverState *bs)
+void bdrv_set_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                        ThrottleConfig *cfg)
 {
-    bs->io_limits_enabled = false;
+    int i;
+
+    throttle_config(&bs->throttle_state, cfg);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+        qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs[i]);
+    }
+}
 
-    do {} while (qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs));
+/* this function drain all the throttled IOs */
+static bool bdrv_start_throttled_reqs(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    bool drained = false;
+    bool enabled = bs->io_limits_enabled;
+    int i;
 
-    if (bs->block_timer) {
-        qemu_del_timer(bs->block_timer);
-        qemu_free_timer(bs->block_timer);
-        bs->block_timer = NULL;
+    bs->io_limits_enabled = false;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+        while (qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs[i])) {
+            drained = true;
+        }
     }
 
-    bs->slice_start = 0;
-    bs->slice_end   = 0;
+    bs->io_limits_enabled = enabled;
+
+    return drained;
 }
 
-static void bdrv_block_timer(void *opaque)
+void bdrv_io_limits_disable(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
-    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
+    bs->io_limits_enabled = false;
+
+    bdrv_start_throttled_reqs(bs);
 
-    qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs);
+    throttle_destroy(&bs->throttle_state);
 }
 
-void bdrv_io_limits_enable(BlockDriverState *bs)
+static void bdrv_throttle_read_timer_cb(void *opaque)
 {
-    qemu_co_queue_init(&bs->throttled_reqs);
-    bs->block_timer = qemu_new_timer_ns(vm_clock, bdrv_block_timer, bs);
-    bs->io_limits_enabled = true;
+    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
+    qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs[0]);
 }
 
-bool bdrv_io_limits_enabled(BlockDriverState *bs)
+static void bdrv_throttle_write_timer_cb(void *opaque)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
+    qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs[1]);
+}
+
+/* should be called before bdrv_set_io_limits if a limit is set */
+void bdrv_io_limits_enable(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
-    BlockIOLimit *io_limits = &bs->io_limits;
-    return io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]
-         || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]
-         || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]
-         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ]
-         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]
-         || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
+    assert(!bs->io_limits_enabled);
+    throttle_init(&bs->throttle_state,
+                  QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL,
+                  bdrv_throttle_read_timer_cb,
+                  bdrv_throttle_write_timer_cb,
+                  bs);
+    bs->io_limits_enabled = true;
 }
 
+/* This function makes an IO wait if needed
+ *
+ * @nb_sectors: the number of sectors of the IO
+ * @is_write:   is the IO a write
+ */
 static void bdrv_io_limits_intercept(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                                     bool is_write, int nb_sectors)
+                                     int nb_sectors,
+                                     bool is_write)
 {
-    int64_t wait_time = -1;
+    /* does this io must wait */
+    bool must_wait = throttle_schedule_timer(&bs->throttle_state, is_write);
 
-    if (!qemu_co_queue_empty(&bs->throttled_reqs)) {
-        qemu_co_queue_wait(&bs->throttled_reqs);
+    /* if must wait or any request of this type throttled queue the IO */
+    if (must_wait ||
+        !qemu_co_queue_empty(&bs->throttled_reqs[is_write])) {
+        qemu_co_queue_wait(&bs->throttled_reqs[is_write]);
     }
 
-    /* In fact, we hope to keep each request's timing, in FIFO mode. The next
-     * throttled requests will not be dequeued until the current request is
-     * allowed to be serviced. So if the current request still exceeds the
-     * limits, it will be inserted to the head. All requests followed it will
-     * be still in throttled_reqs queue.
-     */
+    /* the IO will be executed, do the accounting */
+    throttle_account(&bs->throttle_state,
+                     is_write,
+                     nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
-    while (bdrv_exceed_io_limits(bs, nb_sectors, is_write, &wait_time)) {
-        qemu_mod_timer(bs->block_timer,
-                       wait_time + qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock));
-        qemu_co_queue_wait_insert_head(&bs->throttled_reqs);
+    /* if the next request must wait -> do nothing */
+    if (throttle_schedule_timer(&bs->throttle_state, is_write)) {
+        return;
     }
 
-    qemu_co_queue_next(&bs->throttled_reqs);
+    /* else queue next request for execution */
+    qemu_co_queue_next(&bs->throttled_reqs[is_write]);
 }
 
 /* check if the path starts with "<protocol>:" */
@@ -306,6 +330,9 @@ BlockDriverState *bdrv_new(const char *device_name)
     bdrv_iostatus_disable(bs);
     notifier_list_init(&bs->close_notifiers);
     notifier_with_return_list_init(&bs->before_write_notifiers);
+    qemu_co_queue_init(&bs->throttled_reqs[0]);
+    qemu_co_queue_init(&bs->throttled_reqs[1]);
+    bs->refcnt = 1;
 
     return bs;
 }
@@ -706,6 +733,7 @@ static int bdrv_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *file,
 
     bs->open_flags = flags;
     bs->buffer_alignment = 512;
+    bs->zero_beyond_eof = true;
     open_flags = bdrv_open_flags(bs, flags);
     bs->read_only = !(open_flags & BDRV_O_RDWR);
 
@@ -742,7 +770,6 @@ static int bdrv_open_common(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *file,
             ret = -EINVAL;
             goto free_and_fail;
         }
-        assert(file != NULL);
         bs->file = file;
         ret = drv->bdrv_open(bs, options, open_flags);
     }
@@ -876,7 +903,7 @@ fail:
     if (!bs->drv) {
         QDECREF(bs->options);
     }
-    bdrv_delete(bs);
+    bdrv_unref(bs);
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -927,7 +954,7 @@ int bdrv_open_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options)
                     *backing_filename ? backing_filename : NULL, options,
                     back_flags, back_drv);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        bdrv_delete(bs->backing_hd);
+        bdrv_unref(bs->backing_hd);
         bs->backing_hd = NULL;
         bs->open_flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
         return ret;
@@ -1002,12 +1029,12 @@ int bdrv_open(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, QDict *options,
         bs1 = bdrv_new("");
         ret = bdrv_open(bs1, filename, NULL, 0, drv);
         if (ret < 0) {
-            bdrv_delete(bs1);
+            bdrv_unref(bs1);
             goto fail;
         }
         total_size = bdrv_getlength(bs1) & BDRV_SECTOR_MASK;
 
-        bdrv_delete(bs1);
+        bdrv_unref(bs1);
 
         ret = get_tmp_filename(tmp_filename, sizeof(tmp_filename));
         if (ret < 0) {
@@ -1081,7 +1108,7 @@ int bdrv_open(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, QDict *options,
     }
 
     if (bs->file != file) {
-        bdrv_delete(file);
+        bdrv_unref(file);
         file = NULL;
     }
 
@@ -1112,16 +1139,11 @@ int bdrv_open(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, QDict *options,
         bdrv_dev_change_media_cb(bs, true);
     }
 
-    /* throttling disk I/O limits */
-    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
-        bdrv_io_limits_enable(bs);
-    }
-
     return 0;
 
 unlink_and_fail:
     if (file != NULL) {
-        bdrv_delete(file);
+        bdrv_unref(file);
     }
     if (bs->is_temporary) {
         unlink(filename);
@@ -1382,7 +1404,7 @@ void bdrv_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
 
     if (bs->drv) {
         if (bs->backing_hd) {
-            bdrv_delete(bs->backing_hd);
+            bdrv_unref(bs->backing_hd);
             bs->backing_hd = NULL;
         }
         bs->drv->bdrv_close(bs);
@@ -1402,11 +1424,12 @@ void bdrv_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
         bs->valid_key = 0;
         bs->sg = 0;
         bs->growable = 0;
+        bs->zero_beyond_eof = false;
         QDECREF(bs->options);
         bs->options = NULL;
 
         if (bs->file != NULL) {
-            bdrv_delete(bs->file);
+            bdrv_unref(bs->file);
             bs->file = NULL;
         }
     }
@@ -1428,6 +1451,38 @@ void bdrv_close_all(void)
     }
 }
 
+/* Check if any requests are in-flight (including throttled requests) */
+static bool bdrv_requests_pending(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    if (!QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->tracked_requests)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!qemu_co_queue_empty(&bs->throttled_reqs[0])) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!qemu_co_queue_empty(&bs->throttled_reqs[1])) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (bs->file && bdrv_requests_pending(bs->file)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (bs->backing_hd && bdrv_requests_pending(bs->backing_hd)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool bdrv_requests_pending_all(void)
+{
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(bs, &bdrv_states, list) {
+        if (bdrv_requests_pending(bs)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 /*
  * Wait for pending requests to complete across all BlockDriverStates
  *
@@ -1442,26 +1497,22 @@ void bdrv_close_all(void)
  */
 void bdrv_drain_all(void)
 {
+    /* Always run first iteration so any pending completion BHs run */
+    bool busy = true;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
-    bool busy;
-
-    do {
-        busy = qemu_aio_wait();
 
+    while (busy) {
         /* FIXME: We do not have timer support here, so this is effectively
          * a busy wait.
          */
         QTAILQ_FOREACH(bs, &bdrv_states, list) {
-            while (qemu_co_enter_next(&bs->throttled_reqs)) {
+            if (bdrv_start_throttled_reqs(bs)) {
                 busy = true;
             }
         }
-    } while (busy);
 
-    /* If requests are still pending there is a bug somewhere */
-    QTAILQ_FOREACH(bs, &bdrv_states, list) {
-        assert(QLIST_EMPTY(&bs->tracked_requests));
-        assert(qemu_co_queue_empty(&bs->throttled_reqs));
+        busy = bdrv_requests_pending_all();
+        busy |= aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), busy);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1497,13 +1548,12 @@ static void bdrv_move_feature_fields(BlockDriverState *bs_dest,
 
     bs_dest->enable_write_cache = bs_src->enable_write_cache;
 
-    /* i/o timing parameters */
-    bs_dest->slice_start        = bs_src->slice_start;
-    bs_dest->slice_end          = bs_src->slice_end;
-    bs_dest->slice_submitted    = bs_src->slice_submitted;
-    bs_dest->io_limits          = bs_src->io_limits;
-    bs_dest->throttled_reqs     = bs_src->throttled_reqs;
-    bs_dest->block_timer        = bs_src->block_timer;
+    /* i/o throttled req */
+    memcpy(&bs_dest->throttle_state,
+           &bs_src->throttle_state,
+           sizeof(ThrottleState));
+    bs_dest->throttled_reqs[0]  = bs_src->throttled_reqs[0];
+    bs_dest->throttled_reqs[1]  = bs_src->throttled_reqs[1];
     bs_dest->io_limits_enabled  = bs_src->io_limits_enabled;
 
     /* r/w error */
@@ -1517,6 +1567,9 @@ static void bdrv_move_feature_fields(BlockDriverState *bs_dest,
     /* dirty bitmap */
     bs_dest->dirty_bitmap       = bs_src->dirty_bitmap;
 
+    /* reference count */
+    bs_dest->refcnt             = bs_src->refcnt;
+
     /* job */
     bs_dest->in_use             = bs_src->in_use;
     bs_dest->job                = bs_src->job;
@@ -1550,7 +1603,7 @@ void bdrv_swap(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_old)
     assert(bs_new->dev == NULL);
     assert(bs_new->in_use == 0);
     assert(bs_new->io_limits_enabled == false);
-    assert(bs_new->block_timer == NULL);
+    assert(!throttle_have_timer(&bs_new->throttle_state));
 
     tmp = *bs_new;
     *bs_new = *bs_old;
@@ -1569,7 +1622,7 @@ void bdrv_swap(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_old)
     assert(bs_new->job == NULL);
     assert(bs_new->in_use == 0);
     assert(bs_new->io_limits_enabled == false);
-    assert(bs_new->block_timer == NULL);
+    assert(!throttle_have_timer(&bs_new->throttle_state));
 
     bdrv_rebind(bs_new);
     bdrv_rebind(bs_old);
@@ -1600,11 +1653,12 @@ void bdrv_append(BlockDriverState *bs_new, BlockDriverState *bs_top)
             bs_new->drv ? bs_new->drv->format_name : "");
 }
 
-void bdrv_delete(BlockDriverState *bs)
+static void bdrv_delete(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     assert(!bs->dev);
     assert(!bs->job);
     assert(!bs->in_use);
+    assert(!bs->refcnt);
 
     bdrv_close(bs);
 
@@ -1803,8 +1857,11 @@ int bdrv_commit(BlockDriverState *bs)
     buf = g_malloc(COMMIT_BUF_SECTORS * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
     for (sector = 0; sector < total_sectors; sector += n) {
-        if (bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector, COMMIT_BUF_SECTORS, &n)) {
-
+        ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector, COMMIT_BUF_SECTORS, &n);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            goto ro_cleanup;
+        }
+        if (ret) {
             if (bdrv_read(bs, sector, buf, n) != 0) {
                 ret = -EIO;
                 goto ro_cleanup;
@@ -2120,7 +2177,7 @@ int bdrv_drop_intermediate(BlockDriverState *active, BlockDriverState *top,
     QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(intermediate_state, &states_to_delete, entry, next) {
         /* so that bdrv_close() does not recursively close the chain */
         intermediate_state->bs->backing_hd = NULL;
-        bdrv_delete(intermediate_state->bs);
+        bdrv_unref(intermediate_state->bs);
     }
     ret = 0;
 
@@ -2512,11 +2569,6 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
         return -EIO;
     }
 
-    /* throttling disk read I/O */
-    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
-        bdrv_io_limits_intercept(bs, false, nb_sectors);
-    }
-
     if (bs->copy_on_read) {
         flags |= BDRV_REQ_COPY_ON_READ;
     }
@@ -2528,12 +2580,17 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
         wait_for_overlapping_requests(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors);
     }
 
+    /* throttling disk I/O */
+    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
+        bdrv_io_limits_intercept(bs, nb_sectors, false);
+    }
+
     tracked_request_begin(&req, bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, false);
 
     if (flags & BDRV_REQ_COPY_ON_READ) {
         int pnum;
 
-        ret = bdrv_co_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &pnum);
+        ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, &pnum);
         if (ret < 0) {
             goto out;
         }
@@ -2544,7 +2601,35 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
         }
     }
 
-    ret = drv->bdrv_co_readv(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, qiov);
+    if (!(bs->zero_beyond_eof && bs->growable)) {
+        ret = drv->bdrv_co_readv(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, qiov);
+    } else {
+        /* Read zeros after EOF of growable BDSes */
+        int64_t len, total_sectors, max_nb_sectors;
+
+        len = bdrv_getlength(bs);
+        if (len < 0) {
+            ret = len;
+            goto out;
+        }
+
+        total_sectors = len >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
+        max_nb_sectors = MAX(0, total_sectors - sector_num);
+        if (max_nb_sectors > 0) {
+            ret = drv->bdrv_co_readv(bs, sector_num,
+                                     MIN(nb_sectors, max_nb_sectors), qiov);
+        } else {
+            ret = 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Reading beyond end of file is supposed to produce zeroes */
+        if (ret == 0 && total_sectors < sector_num + nb_sectors) {
+            uint64_t offset = MAX(0, total_sectors - sector_num);
+            uint64_t bytes = (sector_num + nb_sectors - offset) *
+                              BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
+            qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, offset * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, 0, bytes);
+        }
+    }
 
 out:
     tracked_request_end(&req);
@@ -2625,15 +2710,15 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
         return -EIO;
     }
 
-    /* throttling disk write I/O */
-    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
-        bdrv_io_limits_intercept(bs, true, nb_sectors);
-    }
-
     if (bs->copy_on_read_in_flight) {
         wait_for_overlapping_requests(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors);
     }
 
+    /* throttling disk I/O */
+    if (bs->io_limits_enabled) {
+        bdrv_io_limits_intercept(bs, nb_sectors, true);
+    }
+
     tracked_request_begin(&req, bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, true);
 
     ret = notifier_with_return_list_notify(&bs->before_write_notifiers, &req);
@@ -2657,6 +2742,9 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_do_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
     if (bs->wr_highest_sector < sector_num + nb_sectors - 1) {
         bs->wr_highest_sector = sector_num + nb_sectors - 1;
     }
+    if (bs->growable && ret >= 0) {
+        bs->total_sectors = MAX(bs->total_sectors, sector_num + nb_sectors);
+    }
 
     tracked_request_end(&req);
 
@@ -2731,7 +2819,7 @@ int64_t bdrv_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
     if (!drv)
         return -ENOMEDIUM;
 
-    if (bs->growable || bdrv_dev_has_removable_media(bs)) {
+    if (bdrv_dev_has_removable_media(bs)) {
         if (drv->bdrv_getlength) {
             return drv->bdrv_getlength(bs);
         }
@@ -2751,14 +2839,6 @@ void bdrv_get_geometry(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t *nb_sectors_ptr)
     *nb_sectors_ptr = length;
 }
 
-/* throttling disk io limits */
-void bdrv_set_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs,
-                        BlockIOLimit *io_limits)
-{
-    bs->io_limits = *io_limits;
-    bs->io_limits_enabled = bdrv_io_limits_enabled(bs);
-}
-
 void bdrv_set_on_error(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockdevOnError on_read_error,
                        BlockdevOnError on_write_error)
 {
@@ -2951,6 +3031,11 @@ int bdrv_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     assert(bs->drv);
 
+    /* If BS is a copy on write image, it is initialized to
+       the contents of the base image, which may not be zeroes.  */
+    if (bs->backing_hd) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     if (bs->drv->bdrv_has_zero_init) {
         return bs->drv->bdrv_has_zero_init(bs);
     }
@@ -2959,15 +3044,15 @@ int bdrv_has_zero_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
     return 0;
 }
 
-typedef struct BdrvCoIsAllocatedData {
+typedef struct BdrvCoGetBlockStatusData {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockDriverState *base;
     int64_t sector_num;
     int nb_sectors;
     int *pnum;
-    int ret;
+    int64_t ret;
     bool done;
-} BdrvCoIsAllocatedData;
+} BdrvCoGetBlockStatusData;
 
 /*
  * Returns true iff the specified sector is present in the disk image. Drivers
@@ -2984,12 +3069,20 @@ typedef struct BdrvCoIsAllocatedData {
  * 'nb_sectors' is the max value 'pnum' should be set to.  If nb_sectors goes
  * beyond the end of the disk image it will be clamped.
  */
-int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
-                                      int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
+static int64_t coroutine_fn bdrv_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
+                                                     int64_t sector_num,
+                                                     int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
 {
+    int64_t length;
     int64_t n;
+    int64_t ret, ret2;
+
+    length = bdrv_getlength(bs);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        return length;
+    }
 
-    if (sector_num >= bs->total_sectors) {
+    if (sector_num >= (length >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)) {
         *pnum = 0;
         return 0;
     }
@@ -2999,35 +3092,69 @@ int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
         nb_sectors = n;
     }
 
-    if (!bs->drv->bdrv_co_is_allocated) {
+    if (!bs->drv->bdrv_co_get_block_status) {
         *pnum = nb_sectors;
-        return 1;
+        ret = BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
+        if (bs->drv->protocol_name) {
+            ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID | (sector_num * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ret = bs->drv->bdrv_co_get_block_status(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, pnum);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    if (!(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA)) {
+        if (bdrv_has_zero_init(bs)) {
+            ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
+        } else {
+            BlockDriverState *bs2 = bs->backing_hd;
+            int64_t length2 = bdrv_getlength(bs2);
+            if (length2 >= 0 && sector_num >= (length2 >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS)) {
+                ret |= BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    return bs->drv->bdrv_co_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, pnum);
+    if (bs->file &&
+        (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) && !(ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) &&
+        (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID)) {
+        ret2 = bdrv_co_get_block_status(bs->file, ret >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
+                                        *pnum, pnum);
+        if (ret2 >= 0) {
+            /* Ignore errors.  This is just providing extra information, it
+             * is useful but not necessary.
+             */
+            ret |= (ret2 & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
-/* Coroutine wrapper for bdrv_is_allocated() */
-static void coroutine_fn bdrv_is_allocated_co_entry(void *opaque)
+/* Coroutine wrapper for bdrv_get_block_status() */
+static void coroutine_fn bdrv_get_block_status_co_entry(void *opaque)
 {
-    BdrvCoIsAllocatedData *data = opaque;
+    BdrvCoGetBlockStatusData *data = opaque;
     BlockDriverState *bs = data->bs;
 
-    data->ret = bdrv_co_is_allocated(bs, data->sector_num, data->nb_sectors,
-                                     data->pnum);
+    data->ret = bdrv_co_get_block_status(bs, data->sector_num, data->nb_sectors,
+                                         data->pnum);
     data->done = true;
 }
 
 /*
- * Synchronous wrapper around bdrv_co_is_allocated().
+ * Synchronous wrapper around bdrv_co_get_block_status().
  *
- * See bdrv_co_is_allocated() for details.
+ * See bdrv_co_get_block_status() for details.
  */
-int bdrv_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
-                      int *pnum)
+int64_t bdrv_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
+                              int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
 {
     Coroutine *co;
-    BdrvCoIsAllocatedData data = {
+    BdrvCoGetBlockStatusData data = {
         .bs = bs,
         .sector_num = sector_num,
         .nb_sectors = nb_sectors,
@@ -3035,14 +3162,31 @@ int bdrv_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
         .done = false,
     };
 
-    co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_is_allocated_co_entry);
-    qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
-    while (!data.done) {
-        qemu_aio_wait();
+    if (qemu_in_coroutine()) {
+        /* Fast-path if already in coroutine context */
+        bdrv_get_block_status_co_entry(&data);
+    } else {
+        co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_get_block_status_co_entry);
+        qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
+        while (!data.done) {
+            qemu_aio_wait();
+        }
     }
     return data.ret;
 }
 
+int coroutine_fn bdrv_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
+                                   int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
+{
+    int64_t ret = bdrv_get_block_status(bs, sector_num, nb_sectors, pnum);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        return ret;
+    }
+    return
+        (ret & BDRV_BLOCK_DATA) ||
+        ((ret & BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO) && !bdrv_has_zero_init(bs));
+}
+
 /*
  * Given an image chain: ... -> [BASE] -> [INTER1] -> [INTER2] -> [TOP]
  *
@@ -3055,10 +3199,10 @@ int bdrv_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
  *  allocated/unallocated state.
  *
  */
-int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_is_allocated_above(BlockDriverState *top,
-                                            BlockDriverState *base,
-                                            int64_t sector_num,
-                                            int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
+int bdrv_is_allocated_above(BlockDriverState *top,
+                            BlockDriverState *base,
+                            int64_t sector_num,
+                            int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
 {
     BlockDriverState *intermediate;
     int ret, n = nb_sectors;
@@ -3066,8 +3210,8 @@ int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_is_allocated_above(BlockDriverState *top,
     intermediate = top;
     while (intermediate && intermediate != base) {
         int pnum_inter;
-        ret = bdrv_co_is_allocated(intermediate, sector_num, nb_sectors,
-                                   &pnum_inter);
+        ret = bdrv_is_allocated(intermediate, sector_num, nb_sectors,
+                                &pnum_inter);
         if (ret < 0) {
             return ret;
         } else if (ret) {
@@ -3094,44 +3238,6 @@ int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_is_allocated_above(BlockDriverState *top,
     return 0;
 }
 
-/* Coroutine wrapper for bdrv_is_allocated_above() */
-static void coroutine_fn bdrv_is_allocated_above_co_entry(void *opaque)
-{
-    BdrvCoIsAllocatedData *data = opaque;
-    BlockDriverState *top = data->bs;
-    BlockDriverState *base = data->base;
-
-    data->ret = bdrv_co_is_allocated_above(top, base, data->sector_num,
-                                           data->nb_sectors, data->pnum);
-    data->done = true;
-}
-
-/*
- * Synchronous wrapper around bdrv_co_is_allocated_above().
- *
- * See bdrv_co_is_allocated_above() for details.
- */
-int bdrv_is_allocated_above(BlockDriverState *top, BlockDriverState *base,
-                            int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
-{
-    Coroutine *co;
-    BdrvCoIsAllocatedData data = {
-        .bs = top,
-        .base = base,
-        .sector_num = sector_num,
-        .nb_sectors = nb_sectors,
-        .pnum = pnum,
-        .done = false,
-    };
-
-    co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_is_allocated_above_co_entry);
-    qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
-    while (!data.done) {
-        qemu_aio_wait();
-    }
-    return data.ret;
-}
-
 const char *bdrv_get_encrypted_filename(BlockDriverState *bs)
 {
     if (bs->backing_hd && bs->backing_hd->encrypted)
@@ -3568,169 +3674,6 @@ void bdrv_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *acb)
     acb->aiocb_info->cancel(acb);
 }
 
-/* block I/O throttling */
-static bool bdrv_exceed_bps_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
-                 bool is_write, double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait)
-{
-    uint64_t bps_limit = 0;
-    uint64_t extension;
-    double   bytes_limit, bytes_base, bytes_res;
-    double   slice_time, wait_time;
-
-    if (bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
-        bps_limit = bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
-    } else if (bs->io_limits.bps[is_write]) {
-        bps_limit = bs->io_limits.bps[is_write];
-    } else {
-        if (wait) {
-            *wait = 0;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    slice_time = bs->slice_end - bs->slice_start;
-    slice_time /= (NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
-    bytes_limit = bps_limit * slice_time;
-    bytes_base  = bs->slice_submitted.bytes[is_write];
-    if (bs->io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
-        bytes_base += bs->slice_submitted.bytes[!is_write];
-    }
-
-    /* bytes_base: the bytes of data which have been read/written; and
-     *             it is obtained from the history statistic info.
-     * bytes_res: the remaining bytes of data which need to be read/written.
-     * (bytes_base + bytes_res) / bps_limit: used to calcuate
-     *             the total time for completing reading/writting all data.
-     */
-    bytes_res   = (unsigned) nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
-
-    if (bytes_base + bytes_res <= bytes_limit) {
-        if (wait) {
-            *wait = 0;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /* Calc approx time to dispatch */
-    wait_time = (bytes_base + bytes_res) / bps_limit - elapsed_time;
-
-    /* When the I/O rate at runtime exceeds the limits,
-     * bs->slice_end need to be extended in order that the current statistic
-     * info can be kept until the timer fire, so it is increased and tuned
-     * based on the result of experiment.
-     */
-    extension = wait_time * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
-    extension = DIV_ROUND_UP(extension, BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME) *
-                BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
-    bs->slice_end += extension;
-    if (wait) {
-        *wait = wait_time * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static bool bdrv_exceed_iops_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, bool is_write,
-                             double elapsed_time, uint64_t *wait)
-{
-    uint64_t iops_limit = 0;
-    double   ios_limit, ios_base;
-    double   slice_time, wait_time;
-
-    if (bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
-        iops_limit = bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL];
-    } else if (bs->io_limits.iops[is_write]) {
-        iops_limit = bs->io_limits.iops[is_write];
-    } else {
-        if (wait) {
-            *wait = 0;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    slice_time = bs->slice_end - bs->slice_start;
-    slice_time /= (NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
-    ios_limit  = iops_limit * slice_time;
-    ios_base   = bs->slice_submitted.ios[is_write];
-    if (bs->io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]) {
-        ios_base += bs->slice_submitted.ios[!is_write];
-    }
-
-    if (ios_base + 1 <= ios_limit) {
-        if (wait) {
-            *wait = 0;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /* Calc approx time to dispatch, in seconds */
-    wait_time = (ios_base + 1) / iops_limit;
-    if (wait_time > elapsed_time) {
-        wait_time = wait_time - elapsed_time;
-    } else {
-        wait_time = 0;
-    }
-
-    /* Exceeded current slice, extend it by another slice time */
-    bs->slice_end += BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
-    if (wait) {
-        *wait = wait_time * NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-static bool bdrv_exceed_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, int nb_sectors,
-                           bool is_write, int64_t *wait)
-{
-    int64_t  now, max_wait;
-    uint64_t bps_wait = 0, iops_wait = 0;
-    double   elapsed_time;
-    int      bps_ret, iops_ret;
-
-    now = qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);
-    if (now > bs->slice_end) {
-        bs->slice_start = now;
-        bs->slice_end   = now + BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME;
-        memset(&bs->slice_submitted, 0, sizeof(bs->slice_submitted));
-    }
-
-    elapsed_time  = now - bs->slice_start;
-    elapsed_time  /= (NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND);
-
-    bps_ret  = bdrv_exceed_bps_limits(bs, nb_sectors,
-                                      is_write, elapsed_time, &bps_wait);
-    iops_ret = bdrv_exceed_iops_limits(bs, is_write,
-                                      elapsed_time, &iops_wait);
-    if (bps_ret || iops_ret) {
-        max_wait = bps_wait > iops_wait ? bps_wait : iops_wait;
-        if (wait) {
-            *wait = max_wait;
-        }
-
-        now = qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);
-        if (bs->slice_end < now + max_wait) {
-            bs->slice_end = now + max_wait;
-        }
-
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    if (wait) {
-        *wait = 0;
-    }
-
-    bs->slice_submitted.bytes[is_write] += (int64_t)nb_sectors *
-                                           BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
-    bs->slice_submitted.ios[is_write]++;
-
-    return false;
-}
-
 /**************************************************************/
 /* async block device emulation */
 
@@ -4391,6 +4334,23 @@ int64_t bdrv_get_dirty_count(BlockDriverState *bs)
     }
 }
 
+/* Get a reference to bs */
+void bdrv_ref(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    bs->refcnt++;
+}
+
+/* Release a previously grabbed reference to bs.
+ * If after releasing, reference count is zero, the BlockDriverState is
+ * deleted. */
+void bdrv_unref(BlockDriverState *bs)
+{
+    assert(bs->refcnt > 0);
+    if (--bs->refcnt == 0) {
+        bdrv_delete(bs);
+    }
+}
+
 void bdrv_set_in_use(BlockDriverState *bs, int in_use)
 {
     assert(bs->in_use != in_use);
@@ -4604,7 +4564,7 @@ out:
     free_option_parameters(param);
 
     if (bs) {
-        bdrv_delete(bs);
+        bdrv_unref(bs);
     }
 }