indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)
@item -h
with or without a command shows help and lists the supported formats
+@item -p
+display progress bar (convert and rebase commands only)
+@item -S @var{size}
+indicates the consecutive number of bytes that must contain only zeros
+for qemu-img to create a sparse image during conversion. This value is rounded
+down to the nearest 512 bytes. You may use the common size suffixes like
+@code{k} for kilobytes.
+@item -t @var{cache}
+specifies the cache mode that should be used with the (destination) file. See
+the documentation of the emulator's @code{-drive cache=...} option for allowed
+values.
@end table
Parameters to snapshot subcommand:
Command description:
@table @option
+@item check [-f @var{fmt}] [-r [leaks | all]] @var{filename}
+
+Perform a consistency check on the disk image @var{filename}.
+
+If @code{-r} is specified, qemu-img tries to repair any inconsistencies found
+during the check. @code{-r leaks} repairs only cluster leaks, whereas
+@code{-r all} fixes all kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the
+wrong fix or hiding corruption that has already occured.
+
+Only the formats @code{qcow2}, @code{qed} and @code{vdi} support
+consistency checks.
+
@item create [-f @var{fmt}] [-o @var{options}] @var{filename} [@var{size}]
Create the new disk image @var{filename} of size @var{size} and format
The size can also be specified using the @var{size} option with @code{-o},
it doesn't need to be specified separately in this case.
-@item commit [-f @var{fmt}] @var{filename}
+@item commit [-f @var{fmt}] [-t @var{cache}] @var{filename}
Commit the changes recorded in @var{filename} in its base image.
-@item convert [-c] [-f @var{fmt}] [-O @var{output_fmt}] [-o @var{options}] [-s @var{snapshot_name}] @var{filename} [@var{filename2} [...]] @var{output_filename}
+@item convert [-c] [-p] [-f @var{fmt}] [-t @var{cache}] [-O @var{output_fmt}] [-o @var{options}] [-s @var{snapshot_name}] [-S @var{sparse_size}] @var{filename} [@var{filename2} [...]] @var{output_filename}
Convert the disk image @var{filename} or a snapshot @var{snapshot_name} to disk image @var{output_filename}
using format @var{output_fmt}. It can be optionally compressed (@code{-c}
List, apply, create or delete snapshots in image @var{filename}.
+@item rebase [-f @var{fmt}] [-t @var{cache}] [-p] [-u] -b @var{backing_file} [-F @var{backing_fmt}] @var{filename}
+
+Changes the backing file of an image. Only the formats @code{qcow2} and
+@code{qed} support changing the backing file.
+
+The backing file is changed to @var{backing_file} and (if the image format of
+@var{filename} supports this) the backing file format is changed to
+@var{backing_fmt}.
+
+There are two different modes in which @code{rebase} can operate:
+@table @option
+@item Safe mode
+This is the default mode and performs a real rebase operation. The new backing
+file may differ from the old one and qemu-img rebase will take care of keeping
+the guest-visible content of @var{filename} unchanged.
+
+In order to achieve this, any clusters that differ between @var{backing_file}
+and the old backing file of @var{filename} are merged into @var{filename}
+before actually changing the backing file.
+
+Note that the safe mode is an expensive operation, comparable to converting
+an image. It only works if the old backing file still exists.
+
+@item Unsafe mode
+qemu-img uses the unsafe mode if @code{-u} is specified. In this mode, only the
+backing file name and format of @var{filename} is changed without any checks
+on the file contents. The user must take care of specifying the correct new
+backing file, or the guest-visible content of the image will be corrupted.
+
+This mode is useful for renaming or moving the backing file to somewhere else.
+It can be used without an accessible old backing file, i.e. you can use it to
+fix an image whose backing file has already been moved/renamed.
+@end table
+
+You can use @code{rebase} to perform a ``diff'' operation on two
+disk images. This can be useful when you have copied or cloned
+a guest, and you want to get back to a thin image on top of a
+template or base image.
+
+Say that @code{base.img} has been cloned as @code{modified.img} by
+copying it, and that the @code{modified.img} guest has run so there
+are now some changes compared to @code{base.img}. To construct a thin
+image called @code{diff.qcow2} that contains just the differences, do:
+
+@example
+qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b modified.img diff.qcow2
+qemu-img rebase -b base.img diff.qcow2
+@end example
+
+At this point, @code{modified.img} can be discarded, since
+@code{base.img + diff.qcow2} contains the same information.
+
@item resize @var{filename} [+ | -]@var{size}
Change the disk image as if it had been created with @var{size}.
space. Use @code{qemu-img info} to know the real size used by the
image or @code{ls -ls} on Unix/Linux.
-@item host_device
-
-Host device format. This format should be used instead of raw when
-converting to block devices or other devices where "holes" are not
-supported.
-
@item qcow2
QEMU image format, the most versatile format. Use it to have smaller
images (useful if your filesystem does not supports holes, for example
@end table
+@item qed
+Image format with support for backing files and compact image files (when your
+filesystem or transport medium does not support holes). Good performance due
+to less metadata than the more featureful qcow2 format, especially with
+cache=writethrough or cache=directsync. Consider using qcow2 which will soon
+have a similar optimization and is most actively developed.
+
+Supported options:
+@table @code
+@item backing_file
+File name of a base image (see @option{create} subcommand).
+@item backing_fmt
+Image file format of backing file (optional). Useful if the format cannot be
+autodetected because it has no header, like some vhd/vpc files.
+@item cluster_size
+Changes the cluster size (must be power-of-2 between 4K and 64K). Smaller
+cluster sizes can improve the image file size whereas larger cluster sizes
+generally provide better performance.
+@item table_size
+Changes the number of clusters per L1/L2 table (must be power-of-2 between 1
+and 16). There is normally no need to change this value but this option can be
+used for performance benchmarking.
+@end table
@item qcow
Old QEMU image format. Left for compatibility.
projects / qemu.git / blobdiff