add code cleanup fatal_usage helper

[dab.git] / dab

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;
use warnings;

use Getopt::Long;

use PVE::DAB;

$ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C';

my $commands = {
    'init' => '',
    'bootstrap' => '[--exim] [--minimal]',
    'finalize' => '[--keepmycnf] [--compressor <gz (default)|zst>]',
    'veid' => '',
    'basedir' => '',
    'packagefile' => '',
    'list' => '[--verbose]',
    'task' => '<postgres|mysql|php> [--version] [--password] [--memlimit]',
    'install' => '<package or *.pkglist file> ...',
    'exec' => '<cmd> ...',
    'enter' => '',
    'clean' => '',
    'dist-clean' => '',
    'help' => '',
};

sub print_usage {
    print STDERR "USAGE: dab <command> [parameters]\n\n";

    for my $cmd (sort keys %$commands) {
	if (my $opts = $commands->{$cmd}) {
	    print STDERR "  dab $cmd $opts\n";
	} else {
	    print STDERR "  dab $cmd\n";
	}
    }
}

sub fatal_usage {
    my ($msg) = @_;

    print STDERR "\nERROR: $msg\n\n" if $msg;
    print_usage();

    exit (-1);
}

if (scalar (@ARGV) == 0) {
    fatal_usage("no command specified");
}

my $cmdline = join (' ', @ARGV);
my $cmd = shift @ARGV;

if (!$cmd) {
    fatal_usage("no command specified");
} elsif (!exists $commands->{$cmd}) {
    fatal_usage("unknown command '$cmd'");
} elsif ($cmd eq 'help') {
    print_usage();
    exit (0);
}

my $dab;
sub dab() {
    $dab = PVE::DAB->new() if !$dab;
    return $dab;
}

dab->writelog ("dab: $cmdline\n");

$SIG{INT} = $SIG{TERM} = $SIG{QUIT} = $SIG{HUP} = sub {
    die "interrupted by signal\n";
};

eval {
    if ($cmd eq 'init') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	dab->initialize();

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'bootstrap') {
	my $opts = {};
	if (!GetOptions ($opts, 'exim', 'minimal')) {
	    fatal_usage();
	}
	die "command 'bootstrap' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	$dab->ve_init();
	$dab->bootstrap ($opts);

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'finalize') {
	my $opts = {};
	if (!GetOptions ($opts, 'keepmycnf', 'compressor=s')) {
	    fatal_usage();
	}
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	$dab->finalize($opts);

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'veid') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	print $dab->{veid} . "\n";

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'basedir') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	print $dab->{rootfs} . "\n";

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'packagefile') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	print "$dab->{targetname}.tar.gz\n";

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'list') {
	my $verbose;
	if (!GetOptions ('verbose' =>\$verbose)) {
	    fatal_usage();
	}
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	my $instpkgs = $dab->read_installed ();

	foreach my $pkg (sort keys %$instpkgs) {
	    if ($verbose) {
		my $version = $instpkgs->{$pkg}->{version};
		print "$pkg $version\n";
	    } else {
		print "$pkg\n";
	    }
	}

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'task') {
	my $task = shift @ARGV;
	if (!$task) {
	    fatal_usage("no task specified");
	}

	my $opts = {};
	if ($task eq 'mysql') {
	    if (!GetOptions ($opts, 'password=s', 'start')) {
		fatal_usage();
	    }
	    die "task '$task' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	    $dab->task_mysql ($opts);

	} elsif ($task eq 'postgres') {
	    if (!GetOptions ($opts, 'version=s', 'start')) {
		fatal_usage();
	    }
	    die "task '$task' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	    $dab->task_postgres ($opts);

	} elsif ($task eq 'php') {
	    if (!GetOptions ($opts, 'memlimit=i')) {
		fatal_usage();
	    }
	    die "task '$task' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	    $dab->task_php ($opts);

	} else {
	    fatal_usage("unknown task '$task'");
	}

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'install' || $cmd eq 'unpack') {
	my $required;
	foreach my $arg (@ARGV) {
	    if ($arg =~ m/\.pkglist$/) {
		open (TMP, $arg) ||
		    die "cant open package list '$arg' - $!";
		while (defined (my $line = <TMP>)) {
		    chomp $line;
		    next if $line =~ m/^\s*$/;
		    next if $line =~ m/\#/;
		    if ($line =~ m/^\s*(\S+)\s*$/) {
			push @$required, $1;
		    } else {
			die "invalid package name in '$arg' - $line\n";
		    }
		}
	    } else {
		push @$required, $arg;
	    }

	    close (TMP);
	}

	$dab->install ($required, $cmd eq 'unpack');

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'exec') {

	$dab->ve_exec (@ARGV);

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'enter') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	$dab->enter();

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'clean') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	$dab->cleanup(0);

    } elsif ($cmd eq 'dist-clean') {
	die "command '$cmd' expects no arguments.\n" if scalar (@ARGV) != 0;

	$dab->cleanup(1);

    } else {
	fatal_usage("invalid command '$cmd'");
    }

};
if (my $err = $@) {
    $dab->logmsg ($@);
    die ($@);
}

exit 0;

__END__

=head1 NAME

dab - Debian LXC Appliance Builder

=head1 SYNOPSIS

=over

=item B<dab> I<command> I<[OPTIONS]>

=item B<dab init>

Downloads the package descriptions form the repository. Also truncates the
C<logfile>.

=item B<dab bootstrap>

Bootstrap a debian system and allocate a temporary container (we use IDs 90000
and above).

=over
 
=item I<--exim>

Use exim as MTA (we use postfix by default)

=item I<--minimal>

Do not install standard packages.

=back

=item B<dab veid>

Print used container ID.

=item B<dab basedir>

Print container private directory.

=item B<dab packagefile>

Print the appliance file name.

=item B<dab install I<pkg ...>>

Install one or more packages. I<pkg> can also refer to a file named
C<xyz.pkglist> which contains a list of packages. All dependencies are
automatically installed.

=item B<dab unpack I<pkg ...>>

Unpack one or more packages. I<pkg> can also refer to a file named
C<xyz.pkglist> which contains a list of packages. All dependencies are
automatically unpacked.

=item B<dab exec I<CMD> I<ARGS>>

Executes command CMD inside the container.

=item B<dab enter>

Calls C<lxc-attach> - this is for debugging only.

=item B<dab task mysql>

Install a mysql database server. During appliance generation we use C<admin> as
mysql root password (also stored in /root/.my.cnf).

=over

=item I<--password=XXX>

Specify the mysql root password. The special value C<random> can be use to
generate a random root password when the appliance is started first time
(stored in /root/.my.cnf)

=item I<--start>

Start the mysql server (if you want to execute sql commands during
appliance generation).

=back

=item B<dab task postgres>

Install a postgres database server.

=over

=item I<--version=XXX>

Select Postgres version. Posible values are C<7.4>, C<8.1> and C<8.3> (depends
on the selected suite).

=item I<--start>

Start the postgres server (if you want to execute sql commands during appliance
generation).

=back

=item B<dab task php>

Install php5.

=over

=item I<--memlimit=i>

Set the php I<memory_limit>.

=back

=item B<dab finalize>

Cleanup everything inside the container and generate the final appliance
package.

=over

=item I<--keepmycnf>

Do not delete file C</root/.my.cfg> (mysql).

=back

=item B<dab list>

List installed packages.

=over

=item I<--verbose>

Also print package versions.

=back

=item B<dab clean>

Remove all temporary files and destroy the container.

=item B<dab dist-clean>

Like clean, but also removes the package cache (except when you specified your
own cache directory in the config file)

=back

=head1 DESCRIPTION

dab is a script to automate the creation of LXC appliances. It is basically a
rewrite of debootstrap in perl, but uses LXC instead of chroot and generates
LXC templates. Another difference is that it supports multi-stage building of
templates. That way you can execute arbitrary scripts between to accomplish
what you want.

Furthermore some common tasks are fully automated, like setting up a database
server (mysql or postgres).

To accomplish minimal template creation time, packages are cached to a local
directory, so you do not need a local debian mirror (although this would speed
up the first run).

See http://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Debian_Appliance_Builder for examples.

This script need to be run as root, so it is not recommended to start it on a
production machine with running containers. So many people run Proxmox VE
inside a KVM or VMWare 64bit virtual machine to build appliances.

All generated templates includes an appliance description file. Those can be
used to build appliance repositories.

=head1 CONFIGURATION

Configuration is read from the file C<dab.conf> inside the current working
directory. The files contains key value pairs, separated by colon.

=over 2

=item B<Suite:> I<squeeze|wheezy|jessie|trusty|vivid>

The Debian or Ubuntu suite.

=item B<Source:> I<URL [components]>

Defines a source location. By default we use the following for debian:

 Source: http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib
 Source: http://security.debian.org SUITE/updates main contrib

Note: SUITE is a variable and will be substituted.

There are also reasonable defaults for Ubuntu. If you do not specify any source
the defaults are used.

=item B<Depends:> I<dependencies>

Debian like package dependencies. This can be used to make sure that speific
package versions are available.

=item B<CacheDir>: I<path>

Allows you to specify the directory where downloaded packages are cached.

=item B<Mirror:> I<SRCURL> => I<DSTURL>

Define a mirror location. for example:

 Mirror: http://ftp.debian.org/debian => ftp://mirror/debian

=back

All other settings in this files are also included into the appliance
description file.

=over 2

=item B<Name:> I<name>

The name of the appliance.

Appliance names must consist only of lower case letters (a-z), digits (0-9),
plus (+) and minus (-) signs, and periods (.). They must be at least two
characters long and must start with an alphanumeric character.

=item B<Architecture:> I<i386|amd64>

Target architecture.

=item B<Version:> I<upstream_version[-build_revision]> 

The version number of an appliance.

=item: B<Section:> I<section>

This field specifies an application area into which the appliance has been
classified. Currently we use the following section names: system, mail

=item B<Maintainer:> I<name <email>>

The appliance maintainer's name and email address. The name should come first,
then the email address inside angle brackets <> (in RFC822 format).

=item B<Infopage:> I<URL>

Link to web page containing more informations about this appliance.

=item B<Description:> I<single line synopsis>

extended description over several lines (indended by space) may follow.

=back

=head1 Appliance description file

All generated templates includes an appliance description file called

 /etc/appliance.info

this is the first file inside the tar archive. That way it can be easily
exctracted without scanning the whole archive. The file itself contains
informations like a debian C<control> file. It can be used to build appliance
repositories.

Most fields are directly copied from the configuration file C<dab.conf>.

Additionally there are some auto-generated files:

=over

=item B<Installed-Size:> I<bytes>

It gives the total amount of disk space required to install the named
appliance. The disk space is represented in megabytes as a simple decimal
number.

=item B<Type:> I<type>

This is always C<lxc>.

=item B<OS:> I<[debian-4.0|debian-5.0|ubuntu-8.0]>

Operation system.

=back

Appliance repositories usually add additional fields:

=over

=item B<md5sum:> I<md5sum>

MD5 checksum

=back

=head1 FILES

The following files are created inside your working directory:

 dab.conf          appliance configuration file

 logfile           contains installation logs

 .veid             stores the used container ID

 cache/*           default package cache directory

 info/*            package information cache

=head1 AUTHOR

Dietmar Maurer <dietmar@proxmox.com>

Many thanks to Proxmox Server Solutions (www.proxmox.com) for sponsoring this
work.

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

Copyright (C) 2007-2020 Proxmox Server Solutions GmbH

Copyright: dab is under GNU GPL, the GNU General Public License.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; version 2 dated June, 1991.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston,
MA 02110-1301, USA.