]> git.proxmox.com Git - mirror_qemu.git/commitdiff
Merge tag 'for-upstream' of https://gitlab.com/bonzini/qemu into staging
authorStefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Mon, 9 Oct 2023 14:11:17 +0000 (10:11 -0400)
committerStefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Mon, 9 Oct 2023 14:11:18 +0000 (10:11 -0400)
* util/log: re-allow switching away from stderr log file
* finish audio configuration rework
* cleanup HVF stubs
* remove more mentions of softmmu

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# =qbm7
# -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
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# gpg:                using RSA key F13338574B662389866C7682BFFBD25F78C7AE83
# gpg:                issuer "pbonzini@redhat.com"
# gpg: Good signature from "Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>" [full]
# gpg:                 aka "Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>" [full]
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* tag 'for-upstream' of https://gitlab.com/bonzini/qemu: (25 commits)
  audio, qtest: get rid of QEMU_AUDIO_DRV
  audio: reintroduce default audio backend for VNC
  audio: do not use first -audiodev as default audio device
  audio: extend -audio to allow creating a default backend
  audio: extract audio_define_default
  audio: disable default backends if -audio/-audiodev is used
  audio: error hints need a trailing \n
  cutils: squelch compiler warnings with custom paths
  configure: change $softmmu to $system
  system: Rename softmmu/ directory as system/
  meson: Rename target_softmmu_arch -> target_system_arch
  meson: Rename softmmu_mods -> system_mods
  target/i386: Rename i386_softmmu_kvm_ss -> i386_kvm_ss
  semihosting: Rename softmmu_FOO_user() -> uaccess_FOO_user()
  gdbstub: Rename 'softmmu' -> 'system'
  accel: Rename accel_softmmu* -> accel_system*
  tcg: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system-mode'
  fuzz: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system'
  cpu: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system-mode'
  travis-ci: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system'
  ...

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
1  2 
MAINTAINERS
semihosting/arm-compat-semi.c
semihosting/config.c
stubs/semihost.c
system/tpm.c
system/vl.c
util/cutils.c

diff --cc MAINTAINERS
Simple merge
Simple merge
Simple merge
Simple merge
diff --cc system/tpm.c
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000,578563f05a7b2ef59a81bb9b4822de19203f5e72..7164ea7ff198ce9b3d4a0ece686dda855aa92792
mode 000000,100644..100644
--- /dev/null
@@@ -1,0 -1,239 +1,239 @@@
 -int tpm_config_parse(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *optarg)
+ /*
+  * TPM configuration
+  *
+  * Copyright (C) 2011-2013 IBM Corporation
+  *
+  * Authors:
+  *  Stefan Berger    <stefanb@us.ibm.com>
+  *
+  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+  *
+  * Based on net.c
+  */
+ #include "qemu/osdep.h"
+ #include "qapi/error.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-commands-tpm.h"
+ #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
+ #include "sysemu/tpm_backend.h"
+ #include "sysemu/tpm.h"
+ #include "qemu/config-file.h"
+ #include "qemu/error-report.h"
+ static QLIST_HEAD(, TPMBackend) tpm_backends =
+     QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(tpm_backends);
+ static const TPMBackendClass *
+ tpm_be_find_by_type(enum TpmType type)
+ {
+     ObjectClass *oc;
+     char *typename = g_strdup_printf("tpm-%s", TpmType_str(type));
+     oc = object_class_by_name(typename);
+     g_free(typename);
+     if (!object_class_dynamic_cast(oc, TYPE_TPM_BACKEND)) {
+         return NULL;
+     }
+     return TPM_BACKEND_CLASS(oc);
+ }
+ /*
+  * Walk the list of available TPM backend drivers and display them on the
+  * screen.
+  */
+ static void tpm_display_backend_drivers(void)
+ {
+     bool got_one = false;
+     int i;
+     for (i = 0; i < TPM_TYPE__MAX; i++) {
+         const TPMBackendClass *bc = tpm_be_find_by_type(i);
+         if (!bc) {
+             continue;
+         }
+         if (!got_one) {
+             error_printf("Supported TPM types (choose only one):\n");
+             got_one = true;
+         }
+         error_printf("%12s   %s\n", TpmType_str(i), bc->desc);
+     }
+     if (!got_one) {
+         error_printf("No TPM backend types are available\n");
+     }
+ }
+ /*
+  * Find the TPM with the given Id
+  */
+ TPMBackend *qemu_find_tpm_be(const char *id)
+ {
+     TPMBackend *drv;
+     if (id) {
+         QLIST_FOREACH(drv, &tpm_backends, list) {
+             if (!strcmp(drv->id, id)) {
+                 return drv;
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     return NULL;
+ }
+ static int tpm_init_tpmdev(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     /*
+      * Use of error_report() in a function with an Error ** parameter
+      * is suspicious.  It is okay here.  The parameter only exists to
+      * make the function usable with qemu_opts_foreach().  It is not
+      * actually used.
+      */
+     const char *value;
+     const char *id;
+     const TPMBackendClass *be;
+     TPMBackend *drv;
+     Error *local_err = NULL;
+     int i;
+     if (!QLIST_EMPTY(&tpm_backends)) {
+         error_report("Only one TPM is allowed.");
+         return 1;
+     }
+     id = qemu_opts_id(opts);
+     if (id == NULL) {
+         error_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "id");
+         return 1;
+     }
+     value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "type");
+     if (!value) {
+         error_report(QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "type");
+         tpm_display_backend_drivers();
+         return 1;
+     }
+     i = qapi_enum_parse(&TpmType_lookup, value, -1, NULL);
+     be = i >= 0 ? tpm_be_find_by_type(i) : NULL;
+     if (be == NULL) {
+         error_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE,
+                      "type", "a TPM backend type");
+         tpm_display_backend_drivers();
+         return 1;
+     }
+     /* validate backend specific opts */
+     if (!qemu_opts_validate(opts, be->opts, &local_err)) {
+         error_report_err(local_err);
+         return 1;
+     }
+     drv = be->create(opts);
+     if (!drv) {
+         return 1;
+     }
+     drv->id = g_strdup(id);
+     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&tpm_backends, drv, list);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ /*
+  * Walk the list of TPM backend drivers that are in use and call their
+  * destroy function to have them cleaned up.
+  */
+ void tpm_cleanup(void)
+ {
+     TPMBackend *drv, *next;
+     QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(drv, &tpm_backends, list, next) {
+         QLIST_REMOVE(drv, list);
+         object_unref(OBJECT(drv));
+     }
+ }
+ /*
+  * Initialize the TPM. Process the tpmdev command line options describing the
+  * TPM backend.
+  */
+ int tpm_init(void)
+ {
+     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("tpmdev"),
+                           tpm_init_tpmdev, NULL, NULL)) {
+         return -1;
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ /*
+  * Parse the TPM configuration options.
+  * To display all available TPM backends the user may use '-tpmdev help'
+  */
 -    if (!strcmp(optarg, "help")) {
++int tpm_config_parse(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *optstr)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts;
 -    opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(opts_list, optarg, true);
++    if (!strcmp(optstr, "help")) {
+         tpm_display_backend_drivers();
+         return -1;
+     }
++    opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(opts_list, optstr, true);
+     if (!opts) {
+         return -1;
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ /*
+  * Walk the list of active TPM backends and collect information about them.
+  */
+ TPMInfoList *qmp_query_tpm(Error **errp)
+ {
+     TPMBackend *drv;
+     TPMInfoList *head = NULL, **tail = &head;
+     QLIST_FOREACH(drv, &tpm_backends, list) {
+         if (!drv->tpmif) {
+             continue;
+         }
+         QAPI_LIST_APPEND(tail, tpm_backend_query_tpm(drv));
+     }
+     return head;
+ }
+ TpmTypeList *qmp_query_tpm_types(Error **errp)
+ {
+     unsigned int i = 0;
+     TpmTypeList *head = NULL, **tail = &head;
+     for (i = 0; i < TPM_TYPE__MAX; i++) {
+         if (!tpm_be_find_by_type(i)) {
+             continue;
+         }
+         QAPI_LIST_APPEND(tail, i);
+     }
+     return head;
+ }
+ TpmModelList *qmp_query_tpm_models(Error **errp)
+ {
+     TpmModelList *head = NULL, **tail = &head;
+     GSList *e, *l = object_class_get_list(TYPE_TPM_IF, false);
+     for (e = l; e; e = e->next) {
+         TPMIfClass *c = TPM_IF_CLASS(e->data);
+         QAPI_LIST_APPEND(tail, c->model);
+     }
+     g_slist_free(l);
+     return head;
+ }
diff --cc system/vl.c
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000,72be5a49764e151cd2b502bd68f1419e2671c068..ba83040675de258ffc2da41ddf22fba4d2c4d23f
mode 000000,100644..100644
--- /dev/null
@@@ -1,0 -1,3740 +1,3740 @@@
 -static void parse_display_qapi(const char *optarg)
+ /*
+  * QEMU System Emulator
+  *
+  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
+  *
+  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+  *
+  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+  *
+  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+  * THE SOFTWARE.
+  */
+ #include "qemu/osdep.h"
+ #include "qemu/help-texts.h"
+ #include "qemu/datadir.h"
+ #include "qemu/units.h"
+ #include "exec/cpu-common.h"
+ #include "exec/page-vary.h"
+ #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
+ #include "qapi/compat-policy.h"
+ #include "qapi/error.h"
+ #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+ #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
+ #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
+ #include "qemu-version.h"
+ #include "qemu/cutils.h"
+ #include "qemu/help_option.h"
+ #include "qemu/hw-version.h"
+ #include "qemu/uuid.h"
+ #include "sysemu/reset.h"
+ #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
+ #include "sysemu/runstate-action.h"
+ #include "sysemu/seccomp.h"
+ #include "sysemu/tcg.h"
+ #include "sysemu/xen.h"
+ #include "qemu/error-report.h"
+ #include "qemu/sockets.h"
+ #include "qemu/accel.h"
+ #include "qemu/async-teardown.h"
+ #include "hw/usb.h"
+ #include "hw/isa/isa.h"
+ #include "hw/scsi/scsi.h"
+ #include "hw/display/vga.h"
+ #include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
+ #include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
+ #include "hw/xen/xen.h"
+ #include "hw/loader.h"
+ #include "monitor/qdev.h"
+ #include "net/net.h"
+ #include "net/slirp.h"
+ #include "monitor/monitor.h"
+ #include "ui/console.h"
+ #include "ui/input.h"
+ #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+ #include "sysemu/numa.h"
+ #include "sysemu/hostmem.h"
+ #include "exec/gdbstub.h"
+ #include "qemu/timer.h"
+ #include "chardev/char.h"
+ #include "qemu/bitmap.h"
+ #include "qemu/log.h"
+ #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
+ #include "hw/block/block.h"
+ #include "hw/i386/x86.h"
+ #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
+ #include "migration/misc.h"
+ #include "migration/snapshot.h"
+ #include "sysemu/tpm.h"
+ #include "sysemu/dma.h"
+ #include "hw/audio/soundhw.h"
+ #include "audio/audio.h"
+ #include "sysemu/cpus.h"
+ #include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
+ #include "migration/colo.h"
+ #include "migration/postcopy-ram.h"
+ #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+ #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+ #include "qemu/option.h"
+ #include "qemu/config-file.h"
+ #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+ #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+ #include "fsdev/qemu-fsdev.h"
+ #endif
+ #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
+ #ifdef CONFIG_TCG
+ #include "accel/tcg/perf.h"
+ #endif
+ #include "disas/disas.h"
+ #include "trace.h"
+ #include "trace/control.h"
+ #include "qemu/plugin.h"
+ #include "qemu/queue.h"
+ #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
+ #include "exec/confidential-guest-support.h"
+ #include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
+ #include "qapi/string-input-visitor.h"
+ #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
+ #include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
+ #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
+ #include "semihosting/semihost.h"
+ #include "crypto/init.h"
+ #include "sysemu/replay.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-events-run-state.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-types-audio.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-compat.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-ui.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-commands-migration.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
+ #include "qapi/qapi-commands-ui.h"
+ #include "block/qdict.h"
+ #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
+ #include "sysemu/iothread.h"
+ #include "qemu/guest-random.h"
+ #include "qemu/keyval.h"
+ #define MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES 1
+ typedef struct BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry {
+     BlockdevOptions *bdo;
+     Location loc;
+     QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) entry;
+ } BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry;
+ typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) BlockdevOptionsQueue;
+ typedef struct ObjectOption {
+     ObjectOptions *opts;
+     QTAILQ_ENTRY(ObjectOption) next;
+ } ObjectOption;
+ typedef struct DeviceOption {
+     QDict *opts;
+     Location loc;
+     QTAILQ_ENTRY(DeviceOption) next;
+ } DeviceOption;
+ static const char *cpu_option;
+ static const char *mem_path;
+ static const char *incoming;
+ static const char *loadvm;
+ static const char *accelerators;
+ static bool have_custom_ram_size;
+ static const char *ram_memdev_id;
+ static QDict *machine_opts_dict;
+ static QTAILQ_HEAD(, ObjectOption) object_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(object_opts);
+ static QTAILQ_HEAD(, DeviceOption) device_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_opts);
+ static int display_remote;
+ static int snapshot;
+ static bool preconfig_requested;
+ static QemuPluginList plugin_list = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(plugin_list);
+ static BlockdevOptionsQueue bdo_queue = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdo_queue);
+ static bool nographic = false;
+ static int mem_prealloc; /* force preallocation of physical target memory */
+ static const char *vga_model = NULL;
+ static DisplayOptions dpy;
+ static int num_serial_hds;
+ static Chardev **serial_hds;
+ static const char *log_mask;
+ static const char *log_file;
+ static bool list_data_dirs;
+ static const char *qtest_chrdev;
+ static const char *qtest_log;
+ static bool opt_one_insn_per_tb;
+ static int has_defaults = 1;
+ static int default_audio = 1;
+ static int default_serial = 1;
+ static int default_parallel = 1;
+ static int default_monitor = 1;
+ static int default_floppy = 1;
+ static int default_cdrom = 1;
+ static int default_sdcard = 1;
+ static int default_vga = 1;
+ static int default_net = 1;
+ static struct {
+     const char *driver;
+     int *flag;
+ } default_list[] = {
+     { .driver = "isa-serial",           .flag = &default_serial    },
+     { .driver = "isa-parallel",         .flag = &default_parallel  },
+     { .driver = "isa-fdc",              .flag = &default_floppy    },
+     { .driver = "floppy",               .flag = &default_floppy    },
+     { .driver = "ide-cd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+     { .driver = "ide-hd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+     { .driver = "scsi-cd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+     { .driver = "scsi-hd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+     { .driver = "VGA",                  .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "isa-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "cirrus-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "isa-cirrus-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "vmware-svga",          .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "qxl-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "virtio-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "ati-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "vhost-user-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
+     { .driver = "virtio-vga-gl",        .flag = &default_vga       },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_rtc_opts = {
+     .name = "rtc",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_rtc_opts.head),
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "base",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },{
+             .name = "clock",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },{
+             .name = "driftfix",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_option_rom_opts = {
+     .name = "option-rom",
+     .implied_opt_name = "romfile",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_option_rom_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "bootindex",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "romfile",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_accel_opts = {
+     .name = "accel",
+     .implied_opt_name = "accel",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_accel_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         /*
+          * no elements => accept any
+          * sanity checking will happen later
+          * when setting accelerator properties
+          */
+         { }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_boot_opts = {
+     .name = "boot-opts",
+     .implied_opt_name = "order",
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_boot_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "order",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "once",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "menu",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         }, {
+             .name = "splash",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "splash-time",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "reboot-timeout",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "strict",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         },
+         { /*End of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_add_fd_opts = {
+     .name = "add-fd",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_add_fd_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "fd",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+             .help = "file descriptor of which a duplicate is added to fd set",
+         },{
+             .name = "set",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+             .help = "ID of the fd set to add fd to",
+         },{
+             .name = "opaque",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "free-form string used to describe fd",
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
+     .name = "object",
+     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         { }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_tpmdev_opts = {
+     .name = "tpmdev",
+     .implied_opt_name = "type",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_tpmdev_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         /* options are defined in the TPM backends */
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_overcommit_opts = {
+     .name = "overcommit",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_overcommit_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "mem-lock",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         },
+         {
+             .name = "cpu-pm",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_msg_opts = {
+     .name = "msg",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_msg_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "timestamp",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         },
+         {
+             .name = "guest-name",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+             .help = "Prepends guest name for error messages but only if "
+                     "-name guest is set otherwise option is ignored\n",
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_name_opts = {
+     .name = "name",
+     .implied_opt_name = "guest",
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_name_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "guest",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets the name of the guest.\n"
+                     "This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption.\n"
+                     "The name will also be used for the VNC server",
+         }, {
+             .name = "process",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets the name of the QEMU process, as shown in top etc",
+         }, {
+             .name = "debug-threads",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+             .help = "When enabled, name the individual threads; defaults off.\n"
+                     "NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a\n"
+                     "stable API.",
+         },
+         { /* End of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_mem_opts = {
+     .name = "memory",
+     .implied_opt_name = "size",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_mem_opts.head),
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "size",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
+         },
+         {
+             .name = "slots",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         },
+         {
+             .name = "maxmem",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_icount_opts = {
+     .name = "icount",
+     .implied_opt_name = "shift",
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_icount_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "shift",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "align",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         }, {
+             .name = "sleep",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         }, {
+             .name = "rr",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "rrfile",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         }, {
+             .name = "rrsnapshot",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_fw_cfg_opts = {
+     .name = "fw_cfg",
+     .implied_opt_name = "name",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_fw_cfg_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "name",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets the fw_cfg name of the blob to be inserted",
+         }, {
+             .name = "file",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets the name of the file from which "
+                     "the fw_cfg blob will be loaded",
+         }, {
+             .name = "string",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets content of the blob to be inserted from a string",
+         }, {
+             .name = "gen_id",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+             .help = "Sets id of the object generating the fw_cfg blob "
+                     "to be inserted",
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_action_opts = {
+     .name = "action",
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_action_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "shutdown",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },{
+             .name = "reboot",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },{
+             .name = "panic",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },{
+             .name = "watchdog",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ const char *qemu_get_vm_name(void)
+ {
+     return qemu_name;
+ }
+ static void default_driver_disable(const char *driver)
+ {
+     int i;
+     if (!driver) {
+         return;
+     }
+     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_list); i++) {
+         if (strcmp(default_list[i].driver, driver) != 0)
+             continue;
+         *(default_list[i].flag) = 0;
+     }
+ }
+ static int default_driver_check(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     const char *driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
+     default_driver_disable(driver);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static void default_driver_check_json(void)
+ {
+     DeviceOption *opt;
+     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
+         const char *driver = qdict_get_try_str(opt->opts, "driver");
+         default_driver_disable(driver);
+     }
+ }
+ static int parse_name(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     const char *proc_name;
+     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "debug-threads")) {
+         qemu_thread_naming(qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "debug-threads", false));
+     }
+     qemu_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
+     proc_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "process");
+     if (proc_name) {
+         os_set_proc_name(proc_name);
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ bool defaults_enabled(void)
+ {
+     return has_defaults;
+ }
+ #ifndef _WIN32
+ static int parse_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     int fd, dupfd, flags;
+     int64_t fdset_id;
+     const char *fd_opaque = NULL;
+     AddfdInfo *fdinfo;
+     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
+     fdset_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "set", -1);
+     fd_opaque = qemu_opt_get(opts, "opaque");
+     if (fd < 0) {
+         error_setg(errp, "fd option is required and must be non-negative");
+         return -1;
+     }
+     if (fd <= STDERR_FILENO) {
+         error_setg(errp, "fd cannot be a standard I/O stream");
+         return -1;
+     }
+     /*
+      * All fds inherited across exec() necessarily have FD_CLOEXEC
+      * clear, while qemu sets FD_CLOEXEC on all other fds used internally.
+      */
+     flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
+     if (flags == -1 || (flags & FD_CLOEXEC)) {
+         error_setg(errp, "fd is not valid or already in use");
+         return -1;
+     }
+     if (fdset_id < 0) {
+         error_setg(errp, "set option is required and must be non-negative");
+         return -1;
+     }
+ #ifdef F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
+     dupfd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
+ #else
+     dupfd = dup(fd);
+     if (dupfd != -1) {
+         qemu_set_cloexec(dupfd);
+     }
+ #endif
+     if (dupfd == -1) {
+         error_setg(errp, "error duplicating fd: %s", strerror(errno));
+         return -1;
+     }
+     /* add the duplicate fd, and optionally the opaque string, to the fd set */
+     fdinfo = monitor_fdset_add_fd(dupfd, true, fdset_id, fd_opaque,
+                                   &error_abort);
+     g_free(fdinfo);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int cleanup_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     int fd;
+     fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
+     close(fd);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ #endif
+ /***********************************************************/
+ /* QEMU Block devices */
+ #define HD_OPTS "media=disk"
+ #define CDROM_OPTS "media=cdrom"
+ #define FD_OPTS ""
+ #define PFLASH_OPTS ""
+ #define MTD_OPTS ""
+ #define SD_OPTS ""
+ static int drive_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     BlockInterfaceType *block_default_type = opaque;
+     return drive_new(opts, *block_default_type, errp) == NULL;
+ }
+ static int drive_enable_snapshot(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "snapshot") == NULL) {
+         qemu_opt_set(opts, "snapshot", "on", &error_abort);
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static void default_drive(int enable, int snapshot, BlockInterfaceType type,
+                           int index, const char *optstr)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     DriveInfo *dinfo;
+     if (!enable || drive_get_by_index(type, index)) {
+         return;
+     }
+     opts = drive_add(type, index, NULL, optstr);
+     if (snapshot) {
+         drive_enable_snapshot(NULL, opts, NULL);
+     }
+     dinfo = drive_new(opts, type, &error_abort);
+     dinfo->is_default = true;
+ }
+ static void configure_blockdev(BlockdevOptionsQueue *bdo_queue,
+                                MachineClass *machine_class, int snapshot)
+ {
+     /*
+      * If the currently selected machine wishes to override the
+      * units-per-bus property of its default HBA interface type, do so
+      * now.
+      */
+     if (machine_class->units_per_default_bus) {
+         override_max_devs(machine_class->block_default_type,
+                           machine_class->units_per_default_bus);
+     }
+     /* open the virtual block devices */
+     while (!QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bdo_queue)) {
+         BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bdo_queue);
+         QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bdo_queue, entry);
+         loc_push_restore(&bdo->loc);
+         qmp_blockdev_add(bdo->bdo, &error_fatal);
+         loc_pop(&bdo->loc);
+         qapi_free_BlockdevOptions(bdo->bdo);
+         g_free(bdo);
+     }
+     if (snapshot) {
+         qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_enable_snapshot,
+                           NULL, NULL);
+     }
+     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_init_func,
+                           &machine_class->block_default_type, &error_fatal)) {
+         /* We printed help */
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     default_drive(default_cdrom, snapshot, machine_class->block_default_type, 2,
+                   CDROM_OPTS);
+     default_drive(default_floppy, snapshot, IF_FLOPPY, 0, FD_OPTS);
+     default_drive(default_sdcard, snapshot, IF_SD, 0, SD_OPTS);
+ }
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_smp_opts = {
+     .name = "smp-opts",
+     .implied_opt_name = "cpus",
+     .merge_lists = true,
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_smp_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+         {
+             .name = "cpus",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "sockets",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "dies",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "clusters",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "cores",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "threads",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         }, {
+             .name = "maxcpus",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+         },
+         { /*End of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
+ static QemuOptsList qemu_run_with_opts = {
+     .name = "run-with",
+     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_run_with_opts.head),
+     .desc = {
+ #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+         {
+             .name = "async-teardown",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+         },
+ #endif
+         {
+             .name = "chroot",
+             .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+         },
+         { /* end of list */ }
+     },
+ };
+ #define qemu_add_run_with_opts() qemu_add_opts(&qemu_run_with_opts)
+ #else
+ #define qemu_add_run_with_opts()
+ #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
+ static void realtime_init(void)
+ {
+     if (enable_mlock) {
+         if (os_mlock() < 0) {
+             error_report("locking memory failed");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+     }
+ }
+ static void configure_msg(QemuOpts *opts)
+ {
+     message_with_timestamp = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "timestamp", false);
+     error_with_guestname = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "guest-name", false);
+ }
+ /***********************************************************/
+ /* USB devices */
+ static int usb_device_add(const char *devname)
+ {
+     USBDevice *dev = NULL;
+     if (!machine_usb(current_machine)) {
+         return -1;
+     }
+     dev = usbdevice_create(devname);
+     if (!dev)
+         return -1;
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int usb_parse(const char *cmdline)
+ {
+     int r;
+     r = usb_device_add(cmdline);
+     if (r < 0) {
+         error_report("could not add USB device '%s'", cmdline);
+     }
+     return r;
+ }
+ /***********************************************************/
+ /* machine registration */
+ static MachineClass *find_machine(const char *name, GSList *machines)
+ {
+     GSList *el;
+     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+         if (!strcmp(mc->name, name) || !g_strcmp0(mc->alias, name)) {
+             return mc;
+         }
+     }
+     return NULL;
+ }
+ static MachineClass *find_default_machine(GSList *machines)
+ {
+     GSList *el;
+     MachineClass *default_machineclass = NULL;
+     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+         if (mc->is_default) {
+             assert(default_machineclass == NULL && "Multiple default machines");
+             default_machineclass = mc;
+         }
+     }
+     return default_machineclass;
+ }
+ static void version(void)
+ {
+     printf("QEMU emulator version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
+            QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n");
+ }
+ static void help(int exitcode)
+ {
+     version();
+     printf("usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n\n"
+            "'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0\n\n",
+             g_get_prgname());
+ #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)    \
+     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)                               \
+         fputs(opt_help, stdout);
+ #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask) \
+     if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)    \
+         puts(stringify(text));
+ #define DEFHEADING(text) ARCHHEADING(text, QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
+ #include "qemu-options.def"
+     printf("\nDuring emulation, the following keys are useful:\n"
+            "ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen\n"
+            "ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'\n"
+            "ctrl-alt        toggle mouse and keyboard grab\n"
+            "\n"
+            "When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.\n"
+            "\n"
+            QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
+     exit(exitcode);
+ }
+ enum {
+ #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
+     opt_enum,
+ #define DEFHEADING(text)
+ #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
+ #include "qemu-options.def"
+ };
+ #define HAS_ARG 0x0001
+ typedef struct QEMUOption {
+     const char *name;
+     int flags;
+     int index;
+     uint32_t arch_mask;
+ } QEMUOption;
+ static const QEMUOption qemu_options[] = {
+     { "h", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, QEMU_ARCH_ALL },
+ #define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
+     { option, opt_arg, opt_enum, arch_mask },
+ #define DEFHEADING(text)
+ #define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
+ #include "qemu-options.def"
+     { /* end of list */ }
+ };
+ typedef struct VGAInterfaceInfo {
+     const char *opt_name;    /* option name */
+     const char *name;        /* human-readable name */
+     /* Class names indicating that support is available.
+      * If no class is specified, the interface is always available */
+     const char *class_names[2];
+ } VGAInterfaceInfo;
+ static const VGAInterfaceInfo vga_interfaces[VGA_TYPE_MAX] = {
+     [VGA_NONE] = {
+         .opt_name = "none",
+         .name = "no graphic card",
+     },
+     [VGA_STD] = {
+         .opt_name = "std",
+         .name = "standard VGA",
+         .class_names = { "VGA", "isa-vga" },
+     },
+     [VGA_CIRRUS] = {
+         .opt_name = "cirrus",
+         .name = "Cirrus VGA",
+         .class_names = { "cirrus-vga", "isa-cirrus-vga" },
+     },
+     [VGA_VMWARE] = {
+         .opt_name = "vmware",
+         .name = "VMWare SVGA",
+         .class_names = { "vmware-svga" },
+     },
+     [VGA_VIRTIO] = {
+         .opt_name = "virtio",
+         .name = "Virtio VGA",
+         .class_names = { "virtio-vga" },
+     },
+     [VGA_QXL] = {
+         .opt_name = "qxl",
+         .name = "QXL VGA",
+         .class_names = { "qxl-vga" },
+     },
+     [VGA_TCX] = {
+         .opt_name = "tcx",
+         .name = "TCX framebuffer",
+         .class_names = { "sun-tcx" },
+     },
+     [VGA_CG3] = {
+         .opt_name = "cg3",
+         .name = "CG3 framebuffer",
+         .class_names = { "cgthree" },
+     },
+ #ifdef CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND
+     [VGA_XENFB] = {
+         .opt_name = "xenfb",
+         .name = "Xen paravirtualized framebuffer",
+     },
+ #endif
+ };
+ static bool vga_interface_available(VGAInterfaceType t)
+ {
+     const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+     assert(t < VGA_TYPE_MAX);
+     return !ti->class_names[0] ||
+            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[0]) ||
+            module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[1]);
+ }
+ static const char *
+ get_default_vga_model(const MachineClass *machine_class)
+ {
+     if (machine_class->default_display) {
+         for (int t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+             if (ti->opt_name && vga_interface_available(t) &&
+                 g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, machine_class->default_display)) {
+                 return machine_class->default_display;
+             }
+         }
+         warn_report_once("Default display '%s' is not available in this binary",
+                          machine_class->default_display);
+         return NULL;
+     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_CIRRUS)) {
+         return "cirrus";
+     } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_STD)) {
+         return "std";
+     }
+     return NULL;
+ }
+ static void select_vgahw(const MachineClass *machine_class, const char *p)
+ {
+     const char *opts;
+     int t;
+     if (g_str_equal(p, "help")) {
+         const char *def = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
+         for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+             const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+             if (vga_interface_available(t) && ti->opt_name) {
+                 printf("%-20s %s%s\n", ti->opt_name, ti->name ?: "",
+                         (def && g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, def)) ?
+                         " (default)" : "");
+             }
+         }
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     assert(vga_interface_type == VGA_NONE);
+     for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+         const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+         if (ti->opt_name && strstart(p, ti->opt_name, &opts)) {
+             if (!vga_interface_available(t)) {
+                 error_report("%s not available", ti->name);
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+             vga_interface_type = t;
+             break;
+         }
+     }
+     if (t == VGA_TYPE_MAX) {
+     invalid_vga:
+         error_report("unknown vga type: %s", p);
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     while (*opts) {
+         const char *nextopt;
+         if (strstart(opts, ",retrace=", &nextopt)) {
+             opts = nextopt;
+             if (strstart(opts, "dumb", &nextopt))
+                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
+             else if (strstart(opts, "precise", &nextopt))
+                 vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_PRECISE;
+             else goto invalid_vga;
+         } else goto invalid_vga;
+         opts = nextopt;
+     }
+ }
 -    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, "type", &error_fatal);
++static void parse_display_qapi(const char *str)
+ {
+     DisplayOptions *opts;
+     Visitor *v;
 -static void monitor_parse(const char *optarg, const char *mode, bool pretty)
++    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(str, "type", &error_fatal);
+     visit_type_DisplayOptions(v, NULL, &opts, &error_fatal);
+     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(DisplayOptions, &dpy, opts);
+     qapi_free_DisplayOptions(opts);
+     visit_free(v);
+ }
+ DisplayOptions *qmp_query_display_options(Error **errp)
+ {
+     return QAPI_CLONE(DisplayOptions, &dpy);
+ }
+ static void parse_display(const char *p)
+ {
+     const char *opts;
+     if (is_help_option(p)) {
+         qemu_display_help();
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     if (strstart(p, "vnc", &opts)) {
+         /*
+          * vnc isn't a (local) DisplayType but a protocol for remote
+          * display access.
+          */
+         if (*opts == '=') {
+             vnc_parse(opts + 1);
+         } else {
+             error_report("VNC requires a display argument vnc=<display>");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+     } else {
+         parse_display_qapi(p);
+     }
+ }
+ static inline bool nonempty_str(const char *str)
+ {
+     return str && *str;
+ }
+ static int parse_fw_cfg(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     gchar *buf;
+     size_t size;
+     const char *name, *file, *str, *gen_id;
+     FWCfgState *fw_cfg = (FWCfgState *) opaque;
+     if (fw_cfg == NULL) {
+         error_setg(errp, "fw_cfg device not available");
+         return -1;
+     }
+     name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "name");
+     file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
+     str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "string");
+     gen_id = qemu_opt_get(opts, "gen_id");
+     /* we need the name, and exactly one of: file, content string, gen_id */
+     if (!nonempty_str(name) ||
+         nonempty_str(file) + nonempty_str(str) + nonempty_str(gen_id) != 1) {
+         error_setg(errp, "name, plus exactly one of file,"
+                          " string and gen_id, are needed");
+         return -1;
+     }
+     if (strlen(name) > FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1) {
+         error_setg(errp, "name too long (max. %d char)",
+                    FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1);
+         return -1;
+     }
+     if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
+         /*
+          * In this particular case where the content is populated
+          * internally, the "etc/" namespace protection is relaxed,
+          * so do not emit a warning.
+          */
+     } else if (strncmp(name, "opt/", 4) != 0) {
+         warn_report("externally provided fw_cfg item names "
+                     "should be prefixed with \"opt/\"");
+     }
+     if (nonempty_str(str)) {
+         size = strlen(str); /* NUL terminator NOT included in fw_cfg blob */
+         buf = g_memdup(str, size);
+     } else if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
+         if (!fw_cfg_add_from_generator(fw_cfg, name, gen_id, errp)) {
+             return -1;
+         }
+         return 0;
+     } else {
+         GError *err = NULL;
+         if (!g_file_get_contents(file, &buf, &size, &err)) {
+             error_setg(errp, "can't load %s: %s", file, err->message);
+             g_error_free(err);
+             return -1;
+         }
+     }
+     /* For legacy, keep user files in a specific global order. */
+     fw_cfg_set_order_override(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_USER);
+     fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, name, buf, size);
+     fw_cfg_reset_order_override(fw_cfg);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int device_help_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     return qdev_device_help(opts);
+ }
+ static int device_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     DeviceState *dev;
+     dev = qdev_device_add(opts, errp);
+     if (!dev && *errp) {
+         error_report_err(*errp);
+         return -1;
+     } else if (dev) {
+         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int chardev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     Error *local_err = NULL;
+     if (!qemu_chr_new_from_opts(opts, NULL, &local_err)) {
+         if (local_err) {
+             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+             return -1;
+         }
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+ static int fsdev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     return qemu_fsdev_add(opts, errp);
+ }
+ #endif
+ static int mon_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     return monitor_init_opts(opts, errp);
+ }
 -    if (strstart(optarg, "chardev:", &p)) {
++static void monitor_parse(const char *str, const char *mode, bool pretty)
+ {
+     static int monitor_device_index = 0;
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     const char *p;
+     char label[32];
 -        opts = qemu_chr_parse_compat(label, optarg, true);
++    if (strstart(str, "chardev:", &p)) {
+         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%s", p);
+     } else {
+         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "compat_monitor%d",
+                  monitor_device_index);
 -            error_report("parse error: %s", optarg);
++        opts = qemu_chr_parse_compat(label, str, true);
+         if (!opts) {
 -    const char *optarg = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
++            error_report("parse error: %s", str);
+             exit(1);
+         }
+     }
+     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1, &error_fatal);
+     qemu_opt_set(opts, "mode", mode, &error_abort);
+     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", label, &error_abort);
+     if (!strcmp(mode, "control")) {
+         qemu_opt_set_bool(opts, "pretty", pretty, &error_abort);
+     } else {
+         assert(pretty == false);
+     }
+     monitor_device_index++;
+ }
+ struct device_config {
+     enum {
+         DEV_USB,       /* -usbdevice     */
+         DEV_SERIAL,    /* -serial        */
+         DEV_PARALLEL,  /* -parallel      */
+         DEV_DEBUGCON,  /* -debugcon */
+         DEV_GDB,       /* -gdb, -s */
+         DEV_SCLP,      /* s390 sclp */
+     } type;
+     const char *cmdline;
+     Location loc;
+     QTAILQ_ENTRY(device_config) next;
+ };
+ static QTAILQ_HEAD(, device_config) device_configs =
+     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_configs);
+ static void add_device_config(int type, const char *cmdline)
+ {
+     struct device_config *conf;
+     conf = g_malloc0(sizeof(*conf));
+     conf->type = type;
+     conf->cmdline = cmdline;
+     loc_save(&conf->loc);
+     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_configs, conf, next);
+ }
+ static int foreach_device_config(int type, int (*func)(const char *cmdline))
+ {
+     struct device_config *conf;
+     int rc;
+     QTAILQ_FOREACH(conf, &device_configs, next) {
+         if (conf->type != type)
+             continue;
+         loc_push_restore(&conf->loc);
+         rc = func(conf->cmdline);
+         loc_pop(&conf->loc);
+         if (rc) {
+             return rc;
+         }
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static void qemu_disable_default_devices(void)
+ {
+     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+     default_driver_check_json();
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
+                       default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
+     if (!vga_model && !default_vga) {
+         vga_interface_type = VGA_DEVICE;
+         vga_interface_created = true;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_serial) {
+         default_serial = 0;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_parallel) {
+         default_parallel = 0;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_floppy) {
+         default_floppy = 0;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_cdrom) {
+         default_cdrom = 0;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_sdcard) {
+         default_sdcard = 0;
+     }
+     if (!has_defaults) {
+         default_audio = 0;
+         default_monitor = 0;
+         default_net = 0;
+         default_vga = 0;
+     } else {
+         if (default_net && machine_class->default_nic &&
+             !module_object_class_by_name(machine_class->default_nic)) {
+             warn_report("Default NIC '%s' is not available in this binary",
+                         machine_class->default_nic);
+             default_net = 0;
+         }
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_create_default_devices(void)
+ {
+     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+     if (is_daemonized()) {
+         /* According to documentation and historically, -nographic redirects
+          * serial port, parallel port and monitor to stdio, which does not work
+          * with -daemonize.  We can redirect these to null instead, but since
+          * -nographic is legacy, let's just error out.
+          * We disallow -nographic only if all other ports are not redirected
+          * explicitly, to not break existing legacy setups which uses
+          * -nographic _and_ redirects all ports explicitly - this is valid
+          * usage, -nographic is just a no-op in this case.
+          */
+         if (nographic
+             && (default_parallel || default_serial || default_monitor)) {
+             error_report("-nographic cannot be used with -daemonize");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+     }
+     if (nographic) {
+         if (default_parallel)
+             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "null");
+         if (default_serial && default_monitor) {
+             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "mon:stdio");
+         } else {
+             if (default_serial)
+                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "stdio");
+             if (default_monitor)
+                 monitor_parse("stdio", "readline", false);
+         }
+     } else {
+         if (default_serial)
+             add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "vc:80Cx24C");
+         if (default_parallel)
+             add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "vc:80Cx24C");
+         if (default_monitor)
+             monitor_parse("vc:80Cx24C", "readline", false);
+     }
+     if (default_net) {
+         QemuOptsList *net = qemu_find_opts("net");
+         qemu_opts_parse(net, "nic", true, &error_abort);
+ #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+         qemu_opts_parse(net, "user", true, &error_abort);
+ #endif
+     }
+ #if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
+     if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&(qemu_find_opts("vnc")->head))) {
+         display_remote++;
+     }
+ #endif
+     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT && !display_remote) {
+         if (!qemu_display_find_default(&dpy)) {
+             dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+ #if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
+             vnc_parse("localhost:0,to=99,id=default");
+ #endif
+         }
+     }
+     if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
+         dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+     }
+     /* If no default VGA is requested, the default is "none".  */
+     if (default_vga) {
+         vga_model = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
+     }
+     if (vga_model) {
+         select_vgahw(machine_class, vga_model);
+     }
+ }
+ static int serial_parse(const char *devname)
+ {
+     int index = num_serial_hds;
+     char label[32];
+     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
+         return 0;
+     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "serial%d", index);
+     serial_hds = g_renew(Chardev *, serial_hds, index + 1);
+     serial_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
+     if (!serial_hds[index]) {
+         error_report("could not connect serial device"
+                      " to character backend '%s'", devname);
+         return -1;
+     }
+     num_serial_hds++;
+     return 0;
+ }
+ Chardev *serial_hd(int i)
+ {
+     assert(i >= 0);
+     if (i < num_serial_hds) {
+         return serial_hds[i];
+     }
+     return NULL;
+ }
+ static int parallel_parse(const char *devname)
+ {
+     static int index = 0;
+     char label[32];
+     if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
+         return 0;
+     if (index == MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS) {
+         error_report("too many parallel ports");
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "parallel%d", index);
+     parallel_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
+     if (!parallel_hds[index]) {
+         error_report("could not connect parallel device"
+                      " to character backend '%s'", devname);
+         return -1;
+     }
+     index++;
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int debugcon_parse(const char *devname)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     if (!qemu_chr_new_mux_mon("debugcon", devname, NULL)) {
+         error_report("invalid character backend '%s'", devname);
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1, NULL);
+     if (!opts) {
+         error_report("already have a debugcon device");
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "isa-debugcon", &error_abort);
+     qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", "debugcon", &error_abort);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static gint machine_class_cmp(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
+ {
+     const MachineClass *mc1 = a, *mc2 = b;
+     int res;
+     if (mc1->family == NULL) {
+         if (mc2->family == NULL) {
+             /* Compare standalone machine types against each other; they sort
+              * in increasing order.
+              */
+             return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)),
+                           object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)));
+         }
+         /* Standalone machine types sort after families. */
+         return 1;
+     }
+     if (mc2->family == NULL) {
+         /* Families sort before standalone machine types. */
+         return -1;
+     }
+     /* Families sort between each other alphabetically increasingly. */
+     res = strcmp(mc1->family, mc2->family);
+     if (res != 0) {
+         return res;
+     }
+     /* Within the same family, machine types sort in decreasing order. */
+     return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)),
+                   object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)));
+ }
+ static void machine_help_func(const QDict *qdict)
+ {
+     GSList *machines, *el;
+     const char *type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
+     machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
+     if (type) {
+         ObjectClass *machine_class = OBJECT_CLASS(find_machine(type, machines));
+         if (machine_class) {
+             type_print_class_properties(object_class_get_name(machine_class));
+             return;
+         }
+     }
+     printf("Supported machines are:\n");
+     machines = g_slist_sort(machines, machine_class_cmp);
+     for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+         MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+         if (mc->alias) {
+             printf("%-20s %s (alias of %s)\n", mc->alias, mc->desc, mc->name);
+         }
+         printf("%-20s %s%s%s\n", mc->name, mc->desc,
+                mc->is_default ? " (default)" : "",
+                mc->deprecation_reason ? " (deprecated)" : "");
+     }
+ }
+ static void
+ machine_merge_property(const char *propname, QDict *prop, Error **errp)
+ {
+     QDict *opts;
+     opts = qdict_new();
+     /* Preserve the caller's reference to prop.  */
+     qobject_ref(prop);
+     qdict_put(opts, propname, prop);
+     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, opts, errp);
+     qobject_unref(opts);
+ }
+ static void
+ machine_parse_property_opt(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *propname,
+                            const char *arg)
+ {
+     QDict *prop = NULL;
+     bool help = false;
+     prop = keyval_parse(arg, opts_list->implied_opt_name, &help, &error_fatal);
+     if (help) {
+         qemu_opts_print_help(opts_list, true);
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     machine_merge_property(propname, prop, &error_fatal);
+     qobject_unref(prop);
+ }
+ static const char *pid_file;
+ struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier {
+     Notifier notifier;
+     char *pid_file_realpath;
+ };
+ static struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier;
+ static void qemu_unlink_pidfile(Notifier *n, void *data)
+ {
+     struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier *upn;
+     upn = DO_UPCAST(struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier, notifier, n);
+     unlink(upn->pid_file_realpath);
+ }
+ static const QEMUOption *lookup_opt(int argc, char **argv,
+                                     const char **poptarg, int *poptind)
+ {
+     const QEMUOption *popt;
+     int optind = *poptind;
+     char *r = argv[optind];
+     const char *optarg;
+     loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
+     optind++;
+     /* Treat --foo the same as -foo.  */
+     if (r[1] == '-')
+         r++;
+     popt = qemu_options;
+     for(;;) {
+         if (!popt->name) {
+             error_report("invalid option");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+         if (!strcmp(popt->name, r + 1))
+             break;
+         popt++;
+     }
+     if (popt->flags & HAS_ARG) {
+         if (optind >= argc) {
+             error_report("requires an argument");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+         optarg = argv[optind++];
+         loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind - 2, 2);
+     } else {
+         optarg = NULL;
+     }
+     *poptarg = optarg;
+     *poptind = optind;
+     return popt;
+ }
+ static MachineClass *select_machine(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
+ {
 -    if (optarg) {
 -        machine_class = find_machine(optarg, machines);
++    const char *machine_type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
+     GSList *machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
+     MachineClass *machine_class;
+     Error *local_err = NULL;
 -static void object_option_parse(const char *optarg)
++    if (machine_type) {
++        machine_class = find_machine(machine_type, machines);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "type");
+         if (!machine_class) {
+             error_setg(&local_err, "unsupported machine type");
+         }
+     } else {
+         machine_class = find_default_machine(machines);
+         if (!machine_class) {
+             error_setg(&local_err, "No machine specified, and there is no default");
+         }
+     }
+     g_slist_free(machines);
+     if (local_err) {
+         error_append_hint(&local_err, "Use -machine help to list supported machines\n");
+         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+     }
+     return machine_class;
+ }
+ static int object_parse_property_opt(Object *obj,
+                                      const char *name, const char *value,
+                                      const char *skip, Error **errp)
+ {
+     if (g_str_equal(name, skip)) {
+         return 0;
+     }
+     if (!object_property_parse(obj, name, value, errp)) {
+         return -1;
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ /* *Non*recursively replace underscores with dashes in QDict keys.  */
+ static void keyval_dashify(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
+ {
+     const QDictEntry *ent, *next;
+     char *p;
+     for (ent = qdict_first(qdict); ent; ent = next) {
+         g_autofree char *new_key = NULL;
+         next = qdict_next(qdict, ent);
+         if (!strchr(ent->key, '_')) {
+             continue;
+         }
+         new_key = g_strdup(ent->key);
+         for (p = new_key; *p; p++) {
+             if (*p == '_') {
+                 *p = '-';
+             }
+         }
+         if (qdict_haskey(qdict, new_key)) {
+             error_setg(errp, "Conflict between '%s' and '%s'", ent->key, new_key);
+             return;
+         }
+         qobject_ref(ent->value);
+         qdict_put_obj(qdict, new_key, ent->value);
+         qdict_del(qdict, ent->key);
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
+ {
+     const char *value;
+     QObject *prop;
+     keyval_dashify(qdict, &error_fatal);
+     /* Legacy options do not correspond to MachineState properties.  */
+     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "accel");
+     if (value) {
+         accelerators = g_strdup(value);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "accel");
+     }
+     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "igd-passthru");
+     if (value) {
+         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("xen"), "igd-passthru", value,
+                                    false);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "igd-passthru");
+     }
+     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
+     if (value) {
+         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kvm-shadow-mem", value,
+                                    false);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
+     }
+     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
+     if (value) {
+         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
+                                    false);
+         object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("whpx"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
+                                    false);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
+     }
+     value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "memory-backend");
+     if (value) {
+         if (mem_path) {
+             error_report("'-mem-path' can't be used together with"
+                          "'-machine memory-backend'");
+             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+         }
+         /* Resolved later.  */
+         ram_memdev_id = g_strdup(value);
+         qdict_del(qdict, "memory-backend");
+     }
+     prop = qdict_get(qdict, "memory");
+     if (prop) {
+         have_custom_ram_size =
+             qobject_type(prop) == QTYPE_QDICT &&
+             qdict_haskey(qobject_to(QDict, prop), "size");
+     }
+ }
+ static void object_option_foreach_add(bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *))
+ {
+     ObjectOption *opt, *next;
+     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opt, &object_opts, next, next) {
+         const char *type = ObjectType_str(opt->opts->qom_type);
+         if (type_opt_predicate(type)) {
+             user_creatable_add_qapi(opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+             qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opt->opts);
+             QTAILQ_REMOVE(&object_opts, opt, next);
+             g_free(opt);
+         }
+     }
+ }
+ static void object_option_add_visitor(Visitor *v)
+ {
+     ObjectOption *opt = g_new0(ObjectOption, 1);
+     visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&object_opts, opt, next);
+ }
 -    if (optarg[0] == '{') {
 -        QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
++static void object_option_parse(const char *str)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     const char *type;
+     Visitor *v;
 -                                       optarg, true);
++    if (str[0] == '{') {
++        QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(str, &error_fatal);
+         v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
+         qobject_unref(obj);
+     } else {
+         opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
++                                       str, true);
+         if (!opts) {
+             exit(1);
+         }
+         type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
+         if (!type) {
+             error_setg(&error_fatal, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
+         }
+         if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
+             exit(0);
+         }
+         v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
+     }
+     object_option_add_visitor(v);
+     visit_free(v);
+ }
+ /*
+  * Very early object creation, before the sandbox options have been activated.
+  */
+ static bool object_create_pre_sandbox(const char *type)
+ {
+     /*
+      * Objects should in general not get initialized "too early" without
+      * a reason. If you add one, state the reason in a comment!
+      */
+     /*
+      * Reason: -sandbox on,resourcecontrol=deny disallows setting CPU
+      * affinity of threads.
+      */
+     if (g_str_equal(type, "thread-context")) {
+         return true;
+     }
+     return false;
+ }
+ /*
+  * Initial object creation happens before all other
+  * QEMU data types are created. The majority of objects
+  * can be created at this point. The rng-egd object
+  * cannot be created here, as it depends on the chardev
+  * already existing.
+  */
+ static bool object_create_early(const char *type)
+ {
+     /*
+      * Objects should not be made "delayed" without a reason.  If you
+      * add one, state the reason in a comment!
+      */
+     /* Reason: already created. */
+     if (object_create_pre_sandbox(type)) {
+         return false;
+     }
+     /* Reason: property "chardev" */
+     if (g_str_equal(type, "rng-egd") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "qtest")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+ #if defined(CONFIG_VHOST_USER) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+     /* Reason: cryptodev-vhost-user property "chardev" */
+     if (g_str_equal(type, "cryptodev-vhost-user")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+ #endif
+     /* Reason: vhost-user-blk-server property "node-name" */
+     if (g_str_equal(type, "vhost-user-blk-server")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+     /*
+      * Reason: filter-* property "netdev" etc.
+      */
+     if (g_str_equal(type, "filter-buffer") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "filter-dump") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "filter-mirror") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "filter-redirector") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "colo-compare") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "filter-rewriter") ||
+         g_str_equal(type, "filter-replay")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+     /*
+      * Allocation of large amounts of memory may delay
+      * chardev initialization for too long, and trigger timeouts
+      * on software that waits for a monitor socket to be created
+      * (e.g. libvirt).
+      */
+     if (g_str_has_prefix(type, "memory-backend-")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+     return true;
+ }
+ static void qemu_apply_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
+ {
+     object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), qdict, false, &error_fatal);
+     if (semihosting_enabled(false) && !semihosting_get_argc()) {
+         /* fall back to the -kernel/-append */
+         semihosting_arg_fallback(current_machine->kernel_filename, current_machine->kernel_cmdline);
+     }
+     if (current_machine->smp.cpus > 1) {
+         replay_add_blocker("smp");
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
+ {
+     MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+ #if defined(CONFIG_SDL)
+     const bool use_sdl = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_SDL);
+ #else
+     const bool use_sdl = false;
+ #endif
+ #if defined(CONFIG_GTK)
+     const bool use_gtk = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_GTK);
+ #else
+     const bool use_gtk = false;
+ #endif
+     if (dpy.has_window_close && !use_gtk && !use_sdl) {
+         error_report("window-close is only valid for GTK and SDL, "
+                      "ignoring option");
+     }
+     qemu_display_early_init(&dpy);
+     qemu_console_early_init();
+     if (dpy.has_gl && dpy.gl != DISPLAYGL_MODE_OFF && display_opengl == 0) {
+ #if defined(CONFIG_OPENGL)
+         error_report("OpenGL is not supported by the display");
+ #else
+         error_report("OpenGL support is disabled");
+ #endif
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_early);
+     /* spice needs the timers to be initialized by this point */
+     /* spice must initialize before audio as it changes the default audiodev */
+     /* spice must initialize before chardevs (for spicevmc and spiceport) */
+     qemu_spice.init();
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
+                       chardev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+ #ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
+                       fsdev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+ #endif
+     /*
+      * Note: we need to create audio and block backends before
+      * setting machine properties, so they can be referred to.
+      */
+     configure_blockdev(&bdo_queue, machine_class, snapshot);
+     audio_init_audiodevs();
+     if (default_audio) {
+         audio_create_default_audiodevs();
+     }
+ }
+ /*
+  * The remainder of object creation happens after the
+  * creation of chardev, fsdev, net clients and device data types.
+  */
+ static bool object_create_late(const char *type)
+ {
+     return !object_create_early(type) && !object_create_pre_sandbox(type);
+ }
+ static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
+ {
+     if (qtest_chrdev) {
+         qtest_server_init(qtest_chrdev, qtest_log, &error_fatal);
+     }
+     net_init_clients();
+     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_late);
+     if (tpm_init() < 0) {
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("mon"),
+                       mon_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, serial_parse) < 0)
+         exit(1);
+     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, parallel_parse) < 0)
+         exit(1);
+     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, debugcon_parse) < 0)
+         exit(1);
+     /* now chardevs have been created we may have semihosting to connect */
+     qemu_semihosting_chardev_init();
+ }
+ static void qemu_resolve_machine_memdev(void)
+ {
+     if (ram_memdev_id) {
+         Object *backend;
+         ram_addr_t backend_size;
+         backend = object_resolve_path_type(ram_memdev_id,
+                                            TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, NULL);
+         if (!backend) {
+             error_report("Memory backend '%s' not found", ram_memdev_id);
+             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+         }
+         if (!have_custom_ram_size) {
+             backend_size = object_property_get_uint(backend, "size",  &error_abort);
+             current_machine->ram_size = backend_size;
+         }
+         object_property_set_link(OBJECT(current_machine),
+                                  "memory-backend", backend, &error_fatal);
+     }
+ }
+ static void parse_memory_options(void)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts = qemu_find_opts_singleton("memory");
+     QDict *dict, *prop;
+     const char *mem_str;
+     Location loc;
+     loc_push_none(&loc);
+     qemu_opts_loc_restore(opts);
+     prop = qdict_new();
+     if (qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "size", 0) != 0) {
+         /* Fix up legacy suffix-less format */
+         mem_str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "size");
+         if (g_ascii_isdigit(mem_str[strlen(mem_str) - 1])) {
+             g_autofree char *mib_str = g_strdup_printf("%sM", mem_str);
+             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mib_str);
+         } else {
+             qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mem_str);
+         }
+     }
+     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem")) {
+         qdict_put_str(prop, "max-size", qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem"));
+     }
+     if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots")) {
+         qdict_put_str(prop, "slots", qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots"));
+     }
+     dict = qdict_new();
+     qdict_put(dict, "memory", prop);
+     keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, &error_fatal);
+     qobject_unref(dict);
+     loc_pop(&loc);
+ }
+ static void qemu_create_machine(QDict *qdict)
+ {
+     MachineClass *machine_class = select_machine(qdict, &error_fatal);
+     object_set_machine_compat_props(machine_class->compat_props);
+     current_machine = MACHINE(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(machine_class)));
+     object_property_add_child(object_get_root(), "machine",
+                               OBJECT(current_machine));
+     object_property_add_child(container_get(OBJECT(current_machine),
+                                             "/unattached"),
+                               "sysbus", OBJECT(sysbus_get_default()));
+     if (machine_class->minimum_page_bits) {
+         if (!set_preferred_target_page_bits(machine_class->minimum_page_bits)) {
+             /* This would be a board error: specifying a minimum smaller than
+              * a target's compile-time fixed setting.
+              */
+             g_assert_not_reached();
+         }
+     }
+     cpu_exec_init_all();
+     page_size_init();
+     if (machine_class->hw_version) {
+         qemu_set_hw_version(machine_class->hw_version);
+     }
+     /*
+      * Get the default machine options from the machine if it is not already
+      * specified either by the configuration file or by the command line.
+      */
+     if (machine_class->default_machine_opts) {
+         QDict *default_opts =
+             keyval_parse(machine_class->default_machine_opts, NULL, NULL,
+                          &error_abort);
+         qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(default_opts);
+         object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), default_opts,
+                                           false, &error_abort);
+         qobject_unref(default_opts);
+     }
+ }
+ static int global_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     GlobalProperty *g;
+     g = g_malloc0(sizeof(*g));
+     g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
+     g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
+     g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
+     qdev_prop_register_global(g);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ /*
+  * Return whether configuration group @group is stored in QemuOpts, or
+  * recorded as one or more QDicts by qemu_record_config_group.
+  */
+ static bool is_qemuopts_group(const char *group)
+ {
+     if (g_str_equal(group, "object") ||
+         g_str_equal(group, "audiodev") ||
+         g_str_equal(group, "machine") ||
+         g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts") ||
+         g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
+         return false;
+     }
+     return true;
+ }
+ static void qemu_record_config_group(const char *group, QDict *dict,
+                                      bool from_json, Error **errp)
+ {
+     if (g_str_equal(group, "object")) {
+         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+         object_option_add_visitor(v);
+         visit_free(v);
+     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "audiodev")) {
+         Audiodev *dev = NULL;
+         Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+         if (visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, errp)) {
+             audio_define(dev);
+         }
+         visit_free(v);
+     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "machine")) {
+         /*
+          * Cannot merge string-valued and type-safe dictionaries, so JSON
+          * is not accepted yet for -M.
+          */
+         assert(!from_json);
+         keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, errp);
+     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts")) {
+         machine_merge_property("smp", dict, &error_fatal);
+     } else if (g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
+         machine_merge_property("boot", dict, &error_fatal);
+     } else {
+         abort();
+     }
+ }
+ /*
+  * Parse non-QemuOpts config file groups, pass the rest to
+  * qemu_config_do_parse.
+  */
+ static void qemu_parse_config_group(const char *group, QDict *qdict,
+                                     void *opaque, Error **errp)
+ {
+     QObject *crumpled;
+     if (is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
+         qemu_config_do_parse(group, qdict, opaque, errp);
+         return;
+     }
+     crumpled = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+     if (!crumpled) {
+         return;
+     }
+     switch (qobject_type(crumpled)) {
+     case QTYPE_QDICT:
+         qemu_record_config_group(group, qobject_to(QDict, crumpled), false, errp);
+         break;
+     case QTYPE_QLIST:
+         error_setg(errp, "Lists cannot be at top level of a configuration section");
+         break;
+     default:
+         g_assert_not_reached();
+     }
+     qobject_unref(crumpled);
+ }
+ static void qemu_read_default_config_file(Error **errp)
+ {
+     ERRP_GUARD();
+     int ret;
+     g_autofree char *file = get_relocated_path(CONFIG_QEMU_CONFDIR "/qemu.conf");
+     ret = qemu_read_config_file(file, qemu_parse_config_group, errp);
+     if (ret < 0) {
+         if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+             error_free(*errp);
+             *errp = NULL;
+         }
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_set_option(const char *str, Error **errp)
+ {
+     char group[64], id[64], arg[64];
+     QemuOptsList *list;
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     int rc, offset;
+     rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", group, id, arg, &offset);
+     if (rc < 3 || str[offset] != '=') {
+         error_setg(errp, "can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
+         return;
+     }
+     if (!is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
+         error_setg(errp, "-set is not supported with %s", group);
+     } else {
+         list = qemu_find_opts_err(group, errp);
+         if (list) {
+             opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
+             if (!opts) {
+                 error_setg(errp, "there is no %s \"%s\" defined", group, id);
+                 return;
+             }
+             qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, str + offset + 1, errp);
+         }
+     }
+ }
+ static void user_register_global_props(void)
+ {
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
+                       global_init_func, NULL, NULL);
+ }
+ static int do_configure_icount(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     icount_configure(opts, errp);
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static int accelerator_set_property(void *opaque,
+                                 const char *name, const char *value,
+                                 Error **errp)
+ {
+     return object_parse_property_opt(opaque, name, value, "accel", errp);
+ }
+ static int do_configure_accelerator(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     bool *p_init_failed = opaque;
+     const char *acc = qemu_opt_get(opts, "accel");
+     AccelClass *ac = accel_find(acc);
+     AccelState *accel;
+     int ret;
+     bool qtest_with_kvm;
+     if (!acc) {
+         error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "accel");
+         goto bad;
+     }
+     qtest_with_kvm = g_str_equal(acc, "kvm") && qtest_chrdev != NULL;
+     if (!ac) {
+         if (!qtest_with_kvm) {
+             error_report("invalid accelerator %s", acc);
+         }
+         goto bad;
+     }
+     accel = ACCEL(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(ac)));
+     object_apply_compat_props(OBJECT(accel));
+     qemu_opt_foreach(opts, accelerator_set_property,
+                      accel,
+                      &error_fatal);
+     /*
+      * If legacy -singlestep option is set, honour it for TCG and
+      * silently ignore for any other accelerator (which is how this
+      * option has always behaved).
+      */
+     if (opt_one_insn_per_tb) {
+         /*
+          * This will always succeed for TCG, and we want to ignore
+          * the error from trying to set a nonexistent property
+          * on any other accelerator.
+          */
+         object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(accel), "one-insn-per-tb", true, NULL);
+     }
+     ret = accel_init_machine(accel, current_machine);
+     if (ret < 0) {
+         if (!qtest_with_kvm || ret != -ENOENT) {
+             error_report("failed to initialize %s: %s", acc, strerror(-ret));
+         }
+         goto bad;
+     }
+     return 1;
+ bad:
+     *p_init_failed = true;
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static void configure_accelerators(const char *progname)
+ {
+     bool init_failed = false;
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
+                       do_configure_icount, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&qemu_accel_opts.head)) {
+         char **accel_list, **tmp;
+         if (accelerators == NULL) {
+             /* Select the default accelerator */
+             bool have_tcg = accel_find("tcg");
+             bool have_kvm = accel_find("kvm");
+             if (have_tcg && have_kvm) {
+                 if (g_str_has_suffix(progname, "kvm")) {
+                     /* If the program name ends with "kvm", we prefer KVM */
+                     accelerators = "kvm:tcg";
+                 } else {
+                     accelerators = "tcg:kvm";
+                 }
+             } else if (have_kvm) {
+                 accelerators = "kvm";
+             } else if (have_tcg) {
+                 accelerators = "tcg";
+             } else {
+                 error_report("No accelerator selected and"
+                              " no default accelerator available");
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+         }
+         accel_list = g_strsplit(accelerators, ":", 0);
+         for (tmp = accel_list; *tmp; tmp++) {
+             /*
+              * Filter invalid accelerators here, to prevent obscenities
+              * such as "-machine accel=tcg,,thread=single".
+              */
+             if (accel_find(*tmp)) {
+                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"), *tmp, true);
+             } else {
+                 init_failed = true;
+                 error_report("invalid accelerator %s", *tmp);
+             }
+         }
+         g_strfreev(accel_list);
+     } else {
+         if (accelerators != NULL) {
+             error_report("The -accel and \"-machine accel=\" options are incompatible");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+     }
+     if (!qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
+                            do_configure_accelerator, &init_failed, &error_fatal)) {
+         if (!init_failed) {
+             error_report("no accelerator found");
+         }
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     if (init_failed && !qtest_chrdev) {
+         error_report("falling back to %s", current_accel_name());
+     }
+     if (icount_enabled() && !tcg_enabled()) {
+         error_report("-icount is not allowed with hardware virtualization");
+         exit(1);
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_validate_options(const QDict *machine_opts)
+ {
+     const char *kernel_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "kernel");
+     const char *initrd_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "initrd");
+     const char *kernel_cmdline = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "append");
+     if (kernel_filename == NULL) {
+          if (kernel_cmdline != NULL) {
+               error_report("-append only allowed with -kernel option");
+               exit(1);
+           }
+           if (initrd_filename != NULL) {
+               error_report("-initrd only allowed with -kernel option");
+               exit(1);
+           }
+     }
+     if (loadvm && preconfig_requested) {
+         error_report("'preconfig' and 'loadvm' options are "
+                      "mutually exclusive");
+         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+     }
+     if (incoming && preconfig_requested && strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
+         error_report("'preconfig' supports '-incoming defer' only");
+         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+     }
+ #ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
+     if (is_daemonized() && dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_CURSES) {
+         error_report("curses display cannot be used with -daemonize");
+         exit(1);
+     }
+ #endif
+ }
+ static void qemu_process_sugar_options(void)
+ {
+     if (mem_prealloc) {
+         QObject *smp = qdict_get(machine_opts_dict, "smp");
+         if (smp && qobject_type(smp) == QTYPE_QDICT) {
+             QObject *cpus = qdict_get(qobject_to(QDict, smp), "cpus");
+             if (cpus && qobject_type(cpus) == QTYPE_QSTRING) {
+                 const char *val = qstring_get_str(qobject_to(QString, cpus));
+                 object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc-threads",
+                                            val, false);
+             }
+         }
+         object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc", "on", false);
+     }
+ }
+ /* -action processing */
+ /*
+  * Process all the -action parameters parsed from cmdline.
+  */
+ static int process_runstate_actions(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+ {
+     Error *local_err = NULL;
+     QDict *qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+     QObject *ret = NULL;
+     qmp_marshal_set_action(qdict, &ret, &local_err);
+     qobject_unref(ret);
+     qobject_unref(qdict);
+     if (local_err) {
+         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+         return 1;
+     }
+     return 0;
+ }
+ static void qemu_process_early_options(void)
+ {
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("name"),
+                       parse_name, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     object_option_foreach_add(object_create_pre_sandbox);
+ #ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
+     QemuOptsList *olist = qemu_find_opts_err("sandbox", NULL);
+     if (olist) {
+         qemu_opts_foreach(olist, parse_sandbox, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     }
+ #endif
+     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("action"),
+                           process_runstate_actions, NULL, &error_fatal)) {
+         exit(1);
+     }
+ #ifndef _WIN32
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                       parse_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                       cleanup_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
+ #endif
+     /* Open the logfile at this point and set the log mask if necessary.  */
+     {
+         int mask = 0;
+         if (log_mask) {
+             mask = qemu_str_to_log_mask(log_mask);
+             if (!mask) {
+                 qemu_print_log_usage(stdout);
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+         }
+         qemu_set_log_filename_flags(log_file, mask, &error_fatal);
+     }
+     qemu_add_default_firmwarepath();
+ }
+ static void qemu_process_help_options(void)
+ {
+     /*
+      * Check for -cpu help and -device help before we call select_machine(),
+      * which will return an error if the architecture has no default machine
+      * type and the user did not specify one, so that the user doesn't need
+      * to say '-cpu help -machine something'.
+      */
+     if (cpu_option && is_help_option(cpu_option)) {
+         list_cpus();
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                           device_help_func, NULL, NULL)) {
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     /* -L help lists the data directories and exits. */
+     if (list_data_dirs) {
+         qemu_list_data_dirs();
+         exit(0);
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_maybe_daemonize(const char *pid_file)
+ {
+     Error *err = NULL;
+     os_daemonize();
+     rcu_disable_atfork();
+     if (pid_file) {
+         char *pid_file_realpath = NULL;
+         if (!qemu_write_pidfile(pid_file, &err)) {
+             error_reportf_err(err, "cannot create PID file: ");
+             exit(1);
+         }
+         pid_file_realpath = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
+         if (!realpath(pid_file, pid_file_realpath)) {
+             if (errno != ENOENT) {
+                 warn_report("not removing PID file on exit: cannot resolve PID "
+                             "file path: %s: %s", pid_file, strerror(errno));
+             }
+             return;
+         }
+         qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier = (struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier) {
+             .notifier = {
+                 .notify = qemu_unlink_pidfile,
+             },
+             .pid_file_realpath = pid_file_realpath,
+         };
+         qemu_add_exit_notifier(&qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier.notifier);
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_init_displays(void)
+ {
+     DisplayState *ds;
+     /* init local displays */
+     ds = init_displaystate();
+     qemu_display_init(ds, &dpy);
+     /* must be after terminal init, SDL library changes signal handlers */
+     os_setup_signal_handling();
+     /* init remote displays */
+ #ifdef CONFIG_VNC
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("vnc"),
+                       vnc_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+ #endif
+     if (using_spice) {
+         qemu_spice.display_init();
+     }
+ }
+ static void qemu_init_board(void)
+ {
+     /* process plugin before CPUs are created, but once -smp has been parsed */
+     qemu_plugin_load_list(&plugin_list, &error_fatal);
+     /* From here on we enter MACHINE_PHASE_INITIALIZED.  */
+     machine_run_board_init(current_machine, mem_path, &error_fatal);
+     drive_check_orphaned();
+     realtime_init();
+ }
+ static void qemu_create_cli_devices(void)
+ {
+     DeviceOption *opt;
+     soundhw_init();
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
+                       parse_fw_cfg, fw_cfg_find(), &error_fatal);
+     /* init USB devices */
+     if (machine_usb(current_machine)) {
+         if (foreach_device_config(DEV_USB, usb_parse) < 0)
+             exit(1);
+     }
+     /* init generic devices */
+     rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_DEVICE);
+     qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                       device_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
+         DeviceState *dev;
+         loc_push_restore(&opt->loc);
+         /*
+          * TODO Eventually we should call qmp_device_add() here to make sure it
+          * behaves the same, but QMP still has to accept incorrectly typed
+          * options until libvirt is fixed and we want to be strict on the CLI
+          * from the start, so call qdev_device_add_from_qdict() directly for
+          * now.
+          */
+         dev = qdev_device_add_from_qdict(opt->opts, true, &error_fatal);
+         object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
+         loc_pop(&opt->loc);
+     }
+     rom_reset_order_override();
+ }
+ static void qemu_machine_creation_done(void)
+ {
+     MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
+     /* Did we create any drives that we failed to create a device for? */
+     drive_check_orphaned();
+     /* Don't warn about the default network setup that you get if
+      * no command line -net or -netdev options are specified. There
+      * are two cases that we would otherwise complain about:
+      * (1) board doesn't support a NIC but the implicit "-net nic"
+      * requested one
+      * (2) CONFIG_SLIRP not set, in which case the implicit "-net nic"
+      * sets up a nic that isn't connected to anything.
+      */
+     if (!default_net && (!qtest_enabled() || has_defaults)) {
+         net_check_clients();
+     }
+     qdev_prop_check_globals();
+     qdev_machine_creation_done();
+     if (machine->cgs) {
+         /*
+          * Verify that Confidential Guest Support has actually been initialized
+          */
+         assert(machine->cgs->ready);
+     }
+     if (foreach_device_config(DEV_GDB, gdbserver_start) < 0) {
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     if (!vga_interface_created && !default_vga &&
+         vga_interface_type != VGA_NONE) {
+         warn_report("A -vga option was passed but this machine "
+                     "type does not use that option; "
+                     "No VGA device has been created");
+     }
+ }
+ void qmp_x_exit_preconfig(Error **errp)
+ {
+     if (phase_check(PHASE_MACHINE_INITIALIZED)) {
+         error_setg(errp, "The command is permitted only before machine initialization");
+         return;
+     }
+     qemu_init_board();
+     qemu_create_cli_devices();
+     qemu_machine_creation_done();
+     if (loadvm) {
+         load_snapshot(loadvm, NULL, false, NULL, &error_fatal);
+     }
+     if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_NONE) {
+         replay_vmstate_init();
+     }
+     if (incoming) {
+         Error *local_err = NULL;
+         if (strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
+             qmp_migrate_incoming(incoming, &local_err);
+             if (local_err) {
+                 error_reportf_err(local_err, "-incoming %s: ", incoming);
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+         }
+     } else if (autostart) {
+         qmp_cont(NULL);
+     }
+ }
+ void qemu_init(int argc, char **argv)
+ {
+     QemuOpts *opts;
+     QemuOpts *icount_opts = NULL, *accel_opts = NULL;
+     QemuOptsList *olist;
+     int optind;
+     const char *optarg;
+     MachineClass *machine_class;
+     bool userconfig = true;
+     FILE *vmstate_dump_file = NULL;
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
+     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_legacy_drive_opts);
+     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_common_drive_opts);
+     qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
+     qemu_add_drive_opts(&bdrv_runtime_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_chardev_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_device_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_netdev_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_nic_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_net_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_rtc_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_global_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mon_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
+     qemu_plugin_add_opts();
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_option_rom_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_accel_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mem_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_smp_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_boot_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_add_fd_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_tpmdev_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_overcommit_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_msg_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_name_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_numa_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_icount_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_semihosting_config_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_fw_cfg_opts);
+     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_action_opts);
+     qemu_add_run_with_opts();
+     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_OPTS);
+     error_init(argv[0]);
+     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
+     qemu_init_arch_modules();
+     qemu_init_subsystems();
+     /* first pass of option parsing */
+     optind = 1;
+     while (optind < argc) {
+         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
+             /* disk image */
+             optind++;
+         } else {
+             const QEMUOption *popt;
+             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
+             switch (popt->index) {
+             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
+                 userconfig = false;
+                 break;
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     machine_opts_dict = qdict_new();
+     if (userconfig) {
+         qemu_read_default_config_file(&error_fatal);
+     }
+     /* second pass of option parsing */
+     optind = 1;
+     for(;;) {
+         if (optind >= argc)
+             break;
+         if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
+             loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
+             drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 0, argv[optind++], HD_OPTS);
+         } else {
+             const QEMUOption *popt;
+             popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
+             if (!(popt->arch_mask & arch_type)) {
+                 error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+             switch(popt->index) {
+             case QEMU_OPTION_cpu:
+                 /* hw initialization will check this */
+                 cpu_option = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_hda:
+             case QEMU_OPTION_hdb:
+             case QEMU_OPTION_hdc:
+             case QEMU_OPTION_hdd:
+                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_hda, optarg,
+                           HD_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_blockdev:
+                 {
+                     Visitor *v;
+                     BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo;
+                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, "driver",
+                                                       &error_fatal);
+                     bdo = g_new(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry, 1);
+                     visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &bdo->bdo,
+                                                &error_fatal);
+                     visit_free(v);
+                     loc_save(&bdo->loc);
+                     QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bdo_queue, bdo, entry);
+                     break;
+                 }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_drive:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("drive"),
+                                                optarg, false);
+                 if (opts == NULL) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_set:
+                 qemu_set_option(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_global:
+                 if (qemu_global_option(optarg) != 0)
+                     exit(1);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock:
+                 drive_add(IF_MTD, -1, optarg, MTD_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_sd:
+                 drive_add(IF_SD, -1, optarg, SD_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_pflash:
+                 drive_add(IF_PFLASH, -1, optarg, PFLASH_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_snapshot:
+                 snapshot = 1;
+                 replay_add_blocker("-snapshot");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_numa:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("numa"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_display:
+                 parse_display(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_nographic:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "graphics", "off");
+                 nographic = true;
+                 dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_portrait:
+                 graphic_rotate = 90;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_rotate:
+                 graphic_rotate = strtol(optarg, (char **) &optarg, 10);
+                 if (graphic_rotate != 0 && graphic_rotate != 90 &&
+                     graphic_rotate != 180 && graphic_rotate != 270) {
+                     error_report("only 90, 180, 270 deg rotation is available");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_kernel:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "kernel", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_initrd:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "initrd", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_append:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "append", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_dtb:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "dtb", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_cdrom:
+                 drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 2, optarg, CDROM_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_boot:
+                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("boot-opts"), "boot", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_fda:
+             case QEMU_OPTION_fdb:
+                 drive_add(IF_FLOPPY, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_fda,
+                           optarg, FD_OPTS);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk:
+                 fd_bootchk = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_netdev:
+                 default_net = 0;
+                 if (netdev_is_modern(optarg)) {
+                     netdev_parse_modern(optarg);
+                 } else {
+                     net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), optarg);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_nic:
+                 default_net = 0;
+                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("nic"), optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_net:
+                 default_net = 0;
+                 net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("net"), optarg);
+                 break;
+ #ifdef CONFIG_LIBISCSI
+             case QEMU_OPTION_iscsi:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("iscsi"),
+                                                optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+ #endif
+             case QEMU_OPTION_audiodev:
+                 default_audio = 0;
+                 audio_parse_option(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_audio: {
+                 bool help;
+                 char *model = NULL;
+                 Audiodev *dev = NULL;
+                 Visitor *v;
+                 QDict *dict = keyval_parse(optarg, "driver", &help, &error_fatal);
+                 default_audio = 0;
+                 if (help || (qdict_haskey(dict, "driver") &&
+                              is_help_option(qdict_get_str(dict, "driver")))) {
+                     audio_help();
+                     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+                 }
+                 if (!qdict_haskey(dict, "id")) {
+                     qdict_put_str(dict, "id", "audiodev0");
+                 }
+                 if (qdict_haskey(dict, "model")) {
+                     model = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(dict, "model"));
+                     qdict_del(dict, "model");
+                     if (is_help_option(model)) {
+                         show_valid_soundhw();
+                         exit(0);
+                     }
+                 }
+                 v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+                 qobject_unref(dict);
+                 visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
+                 visit_free(v);
+                 if (model) {
+                     audio_define(dev);
+                     select_soundhw(model, dev->id);
+                     g_free(model);
+                 } else {
+                     audio_define_default(dev, &error_fatal);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_h:
+                 help(0);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_version:
+                 version();
+                 exit(0);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_m:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("memory"), optarg, true);
+                 if (opts == NULL) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+ #ifdef CONFIG_TPM
+             case QEMU_OPTION_tpmdev:
+                 if (tpm_config_parse(qemu_find_opts("tpmdev"), optarg) < 0) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+ #endif
+             case QEMU_OPTION_mempath:
+                 mem_path = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc:
+                 mem_prealloc = 1;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_d:
+                 log_mask = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_D:
+                 log_file = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_DFILTER:
+                 qemu_set_dfilter_ranges(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+ #if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+             case QEMU_OPTION_perfmap:
+                 perf_enable_perfmap();
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_jitdump:
+                 perf_enable_jitdump();
+                 break;
+ #endif
+             case QEMU_OPTION_seed:
+                 qemu_guest_random_seed_main(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_s:
+                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, "tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_gdb:
+                 add_device_config(DEV_GDB, optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_L:
+                 if (is_help_option(optarg)) {
+                     list_data_dirs = true;
+                 } else {
+                     qemu_add_data_dir(g_strdup(optarg));
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_bios:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "firmware", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_singlestep:
+                 opt_one_insn_per_tb = true;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_S:
+                 autostart = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_k:
+                 keyboard_layout = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_vga:
+                 vga_model = optarg;
+                 default_vga = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_g:
+                 {
+                     const char *p;
+                     int w, h, depth;
+                     p = optarg;
+                     w = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                     if (w <= 0) {
+                     graphic_error:
+                         error_report("invalid resolution or depth");
+                         exit(1);
+                     }
+                     if (*p != 'x')
+                         goto graphic_error;
+                     p++;
+                     h = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                     if (h <= 0)
+                         goto graphic_error;
+                     if (*p == 'x') {
+                         p++;
+                         depth = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                         if (depth != 1 && depth != 2 && depth != 4 &&
+                             depth != 8 && depth != 15 && depth != 16 &&
+                             depth != 24 && depth != 32)
+                             goto graphic_error;
+                     } else if (*p == '\0') {
+                         depth = graphic_depth;
+                     } else {
+                         goto graphic_error;
+                     }
+                     graphic_width = w;
+                     graphic_height = h;
+                     graphic_depth = depth;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_echr:
+                 {
+                     char *r;
+                     term_escape_char = strtol(optarg, &r, 0);
+                     if (r == optarg)
+                         printf("Bad argument to echr\n");
+                     break;
+                 }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_monitor:
+                 default_monitor = 0;
+                 if (strncmp(optarg, "none", 4)) {
+                     monitor_parse(optarg, "readline", false);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp:
+                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", false);
+                 default_monitor = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_qmp_pretty:
+                 monitor_parse(optarg, "control", true);
+                 default_monitor = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_mon:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("mon"), optarg,
+                                                true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 default_monitor = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_chardev:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_fsdev:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("fsdev");
+                 if (!olist) {
+                     error_report("fsdev support is disabled");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_virtfs: {
+                 QemuOpts *fsdev;
+                 QemuOpts *device;
+                 const char *writeout, *sock_fd, *socket, *path, *security_model,
+                            *multidevs;
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("virtfs");
+                 if (!olist) {
+                     error_report("virtfs support is disabled");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver") == NULL ||
+                     qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag") == NULL) {
+                     error_report("Usage: -virtfs fsdriver,mount_tag=tag");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
+                                          qemu_opts_id(opts) ?:
+                                          qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"),
+                                          1, NULL);
+                 if (!fsdev) {
+                     error_report("duplicate or invalid fsdev id: %s",
+                                  qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 writeout = qemu_opt_get(opts, "writeout");
+                 if (writeout) {
+ #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "writeout", writeout, &error_abort);
+ #else
+                     error_report("writeout=immediate not supported "
+                                  "on this platform");
+                     exit(1);
+ #endif
+                 }
+                 qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "fsdriver",
+                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver"), &error_abort);
+                 path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
+                 if (path) {
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "path", path, &error_abort);
+                 }
+                 security_model = qemu_opt_get(opts, "security_model");
+                 if (security_model) {
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "security_model", security_model,
+                                  &error_abort);
+                 }
+                 socket = qemu_opt_get(opts, "socket");
+                 if (socket) {
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "socket", socket, &error_abort);
+                 }
+                 sock_fd = qemu_opt_get(opts, "sock_fd");
+                 if (sock_fd) {
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "sock_fd", sock_fd, &error_abort);
+                 }
+                 qemu_opt_set_bool(fsdev, "readonly",
+                                   qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0),
+                                   &error_abort);
+                 multidevs = qemu_opt_get(opts, "multidevs");
+                 if (multidevs) {
+                     qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "multidevs", multidevs, &error_abort);
+                 }
+                 device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                           &error_abort);
+                 qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci", &error_abort);
+                 qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev",
+                              qemu_opts_id(fsdev), &error_abort);
+                 qemu_opt_set(device, "mount_tag",
+                              qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"), &error_abort);
+                 break;
+             }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_serial:
+                 add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, optarg);
+                 default_serial = 0;
+                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
+                     default_monitor = 0;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_action:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false)) {
+                      exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action: {
+                 opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("action"), NULL, 0, &error_abort);
+                 qemu_opt_set(opts, "watchdog", optarg, &error_abort);
+                 break;
+             }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_parallel:
+                 add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, optarg);
+                 default_parallel = 0;
+                 if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
+                     default_monitor = 0;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_debugcon:
+                 add_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_loadvm:
+                 loadvm = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_full_screen:
+                 dpy.has_full_screen = true;
+                 dpy.full_screen = true;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_pidfile:
+                 pid_file = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack:
+                 win2k_install_hack = 1;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_acpitable:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("acpi"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 acpi_table_add(opts, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_smbios:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("smbios"),
+                                                optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 smbios_entry_add(opts, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_fwcfg:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (opts == NULL) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_preconfig:
+                 preconfig_requested = true;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "accel", "kvm");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_M:
+             case QEMU_OPTION_machine:
+                 {
+                     bool help;
+                     keyval_parse_into(machine_opts_dict, optarg, "type", &help, &error_fatal);
+                     if (help) {
+                         machine_help_func(machine_opts_dict);
+                         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+                     }
+                     break;
+                 }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_accel:
+                 accel_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
+                                                      optarg, true);
+                 optarg = qemu_opt_get(accel_opts, "accel");
+                 if (!optarg || is_help_option(optarg)) {
+                     printf("Accelerators supported in QEMU binary:\n");
+                     GSList *el, *accel_list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_ACCEL,
+                                                                     false);
+                     for (el = accel_list; el; el = el->next) {
+                         gchar *typename = g_strdup(object_class_get_name(
+                                                    OBJECT_CLASS(el->data)));
+                         /* omit qtest which is used for tests only */
+                         if (g_strcmp0(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("qtest")) &&
+                             g_str_has_suffix(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX)) {
+                             gchar **optname = g_strsplit(typename,
+                                                          ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX, 0);
+                             printf("%s\n", optname[0]);
+                             g_strfreev(optname);
+                         }
+                         g_free(typename);
+                     }
+                     g_slist_free(accel_list);
+                     exit(0);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_usb:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice:
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
+                 add_device_config(DEV_USB, optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_device:
+                 if (optarg[0] == '{') {
+                     QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                     DeviceOption *opt = g_new0(DeviceOption, 1);
+                     opt->opts = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
+                     loc_save(&opt->loc);
+                     assert(opt->opts != NULL);
+                     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_opts, opt, next);
+                 } else {
+                     if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                                                  optarg, true)) {
+                         exit(1);
+                     }
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_smp:
+                 machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("smp-opts"),
+                                            "smp", optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_vnc:
+                 vnc_parse(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi:
+                 warn_report("-no-acpi is deprecated, use '-machine acpi=off' instead");
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "acpi", "off");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet:
+                 warn_report("-no-hpet is deprecated, use '-machine hpet=off' instead");
+                 qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "hpet", "off");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "reboot=shutdown", false);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                 qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "shutdown=pause", false);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_uuid:
+                 if (qemu_uuid_parse(optarg, &qemu_uuid) < 0) {
+                     error_report("failed to parse UUID string: wrong format");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 qemu_uuid_set = true;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_option_rom:
+                 if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
+                     error_report("too many option ROMs");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("option-rom"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "romfile");
+                 option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex =
+                     qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bootindex", -1);
+                 if (!option_rom[nb_option_roms].name) {
+                     error_report("Option ROM file is not specified");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 nb_option_roms++;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting:
+                 qemu_semihosting_enable();
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting_config:
+                 if (qemu_semihosting_config_options(optarg) != 0) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_name:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("name"),
+                                                optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 /* Capture guest name if -msg guest-name is used later */
+                 error_guest_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_prom_env:
+                 if (nb_prom_envs >= MAX_PROM_ENVS) {
+                     error_report("too many prom variables");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 prom_envs[nb_prom_envs] = optarg;
+                 nb_prom_envs++;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_old_param:
+                 old_param = 1;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_rtc:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("rtc"), optarg,
+                                                false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_icount:
+                 icount_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
+                                                       optarg, true);
+                 if (!icount_opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_incoming:
+                 if (!incoming) {
+                     runstate_set(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE);
+                 }
+                 incoming = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_only_migratable:
+                 only_migratable = 1;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults:
+                 has_defaults = 0;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid:
+                 if (!(accel_find("xen")) && !(accel_find("kvm"))) {
+                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 xen_domid = atoi(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach:
+                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
+                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 xen_mode = XEN_ATTACH;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid_restrict:
+                 if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
+                     error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 xen_domid_restrict = true;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_trace:
+                 trace_opt_parse(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_plugin:
+                 qemu_plugin_opt_parse(optarg, &plugin_list);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_readconfig:
+                 qemu_read_config_file(optarg, qemu_parse_config_group, &error_fatal);
+                 break;
+ #ifdef CONFIG_SPICE
+             case QEMU_OPTION_spice:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts_err("spice", NULL);
+                 if (!olist) {
+                     error_report("spice support is disabled");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 display_remote++;
+                 break;
+ #endif
+             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest:
+                 qtest_chrdev = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_qtest_log:
+                 qtest_log = optarg;
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_sandbox:
+                 olist = qemu_find_opts("sandbox");
+                 if (!olist) {
+ #ifndef CONFIG_SECCOMP
+                     error_report("-sandbox support is not enabled "
+                                  "in this QEMU binary");
+ #endif
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_add_fd:
+ #ifndef _WIN32
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                                                optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+ #else
+                 error_report("File descriptor passing is disabled on this "
+                              "platform");
+                 exit(1);
+ #endif
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_object:
+                 object_option_parse(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_overcommit:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("overcommit"),
+                                                optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 enable_mlock = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "mem-lock", false);
+                 enable_cpu_pm = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "cpu-pm", false);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_compat:
+                 {
+                     CompatPolicy *opts_policy;
+                     Visitor *v;
+                     v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, NULL,
+                                                       &error_fatal);
+                     visit_type_CompatPolicy(v, NULL, &opts_policy, &error_fatal);
+                     QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(CompatPolicy, &compat_policy, opts_policy);
+                     qapi_free_CompatPolicy(opts_policy);
+                     visit_free(v);
+                     break;
+                 }
+             case QEMU_OPTION_msg:
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("msg"), optarg,
+                                                false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 configure_msg(opts);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_dump_vmstate:
+                 if (vmstate_dump_file) {
+                     error_report("only one '-dump-vmstate' "
+                                  "option may be given");
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 vmstate_dump_file = fopen(optarg, "w");
+                 if (vmstate_dump_file == NULL) {
+                     error_report("open %s: %s", optarg, strerror(errno));
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_enable_sync_profile:
+                 qsp_enable();
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
+                 /* Nothing to be parsed here. Especially, do not error out below. */
+                 break;
+ #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
+             case QEMU_OPTION_runas:
+                 if (!os_set_runas(optarg)) {
+                     error_report("User \"%s\" doesn't exist"
+                                  " (and is not <uid>:<gid>)",
+                                  optarg);
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_chroot:
+                 warn_report("option is deprecated,"
+                             " use '-run-with chroot=...' instead");
+                 os_set_chroot(optarg);
+                 break;
+             case QEMU_OPTION_daemonize:
+                 os_set_daemonize(true);
+                 break;
+ #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+             /* deprecated */
+             case QEMU_OPTION_asyncteardown:
+                 init_async_teardown();
+                 break;
+ #endif
+             case QEMU_OPTION_run_with: {
+                 const char *str;
+                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("run-with"),
+                                                          optarg, false);
+                 if (!opts) {
+                     exit(1);
+                 }
+ #if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+                 if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "async-teardown", false)) {
+                     init_async_teardown();
+                 }
+ #endif
+                 str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "chroot");
+                 if (str) {
+                     os_set_chroot(str);
+                 }
+                 break;
+             }
+ #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
+             default:
+                 error_report("Option not supported in this build");
+                 exit(1);
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     /*
+      * Clear error location left behind by the loop.
+      * Best done right after the loop.  Do not insert code here!
+      */
+     loc_set_none();
+     qemu_validate_options(machine_opts_dict);
+     qemu_process_sugar_options();
+     /*
+      * These options affect everything else and should be processed
+      * before daemonizing.
+      */
+     qemu_process_early_options();
+     qemu_process_help_options();
+     qemu_maybe_daemonize(pid_file);
+     /*
+      * The trace backend must be initialized after daemonizing.
+      * trace_init_backends() will call st_init(), which will create the
+      * trace thread in the parent, and also register st_flush_trace_buffer()
+      * in atexit(). This function will force the parent to wait for the
+      * writeout thread to finish, which will not occur, and the parent
+      * process will be left in the host.
+      */
+     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
+         exit(1);
+     }
+     trace_init_file();
+     qemu_init_main_loop(&error_fatal);
+     cpu_timers_init();
+     user_register_global_props();
+     replay_configure(icount_opts);
+     configure_rtc(qemu_find_opts_singleton("rtc"));
+     /* Transfer QemuOpts options into machine options */
+     parse_memory_options();
+     qemu_create_machine(machine_opts_dict);
+     suspend_mux_open();
+     qemu_disable_default_devices();
+     qemu_create_default_devices();
+     qemu_create_early_backends();
+     qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
+     qemu_apply_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
+     qobject_unref(machine_opts_dict);
+     phase_advance(PHASE_MACHINE_CREATED);
+     /*
+      * Note: uses machine properties such as kernel-irqchip, must run
+      * after qemu_apply_machine_options.
+      */
+     configure_accelerators(argv[0]);
+     phase_advance(PHASE_ACCEL_CREATED);
+     /*
+      * Beware, QOM objects created before this point miss global and
+      * compat properties.
+      *
+      * Global properties get set up by qdev_prop_register_global(),
+      * called from user_register_global_props(), and certain option
+      * desugaring.  Also in CPU feature desugaring (buried in
+      * parse_cpu_option()), which happens below this point, but may
+      * only target the CPU type, which can only be created after
+      * parse_cpu_option() returned the type.
+      *
+      * Machine compat properties: object_set_machine_compat_props().
+      * Accelerator compat props: object_set_accelerator_compat_props(),
+      * called from do_configure_accelerator().
+      */
+     machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+     if (!qtest_enabled() && machine_class->deprecation_reason) {
+         warn_report("Machine type '%s' is deprecated: %s",
+                      machine_class->name, machine_class->deprecation_reason);
+     }
+     /*
+      * Create backends before creating migration objects, so that it can
+      * check against compatibilities on the backend memories (e.g. postcopy
+      * over memory-backend-file objects).
+      */
+     qemu_create_late_backends();
+     /*
+      * Note: creates a QOM object, must run only after global and
+      * compat properties have been set up.
+      */
+     migration_object_init();
+     /* parse features once if machine provides default cpu_type */
+     current_machine->cpu_type = machine_class->default_cpu_type;
+     if (cpu_option) {
+         current_machine->cpu_type = parse_cpu_option(cpu_option);
+     }
+     /* NB: for machine none cpu_type could STILL be NULL here! */
+     qemu_resolve_machine_memdev();
+     parse_numa_opts(current_machine);
+     if (vmstate_dump_file) {
+         /* dump and exit */
+         module_load_qom_all();
+         dump_vmstate_json_to_file(vmstate_dump_file);
+         exit(0);
+     }
+     if (!preconfig_requested) {
+         qmp_x_exit_preconfig(&error_fatal);
+     }
+     qemu_init_displays();
+     accel_setup_post(current_machine);
+     os_setup_post();
+     resume_mux_open();
+ }
diff --cc util/cutils.c
Simple merge