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1 # -----------------------------
2 # PostgreSQL configuration file
3 # -----------------------------
4 #
5 # This file consists of lines of the form:
6 #
7 # name = value
8 #
9 # (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
10 # "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
11 # values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
12 #
13 # The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
14 # Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
15 # you need to reload the server.
16 #
17 # This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
18 # signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
19 # server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
20 # parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
21 # take effect.
22 #
23 # Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
24 # "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some parameters can be changed at run time
25 # with the "SET" SQL command.
26 #
27 # Memory units: kB = kilobytes Time units: ms = milliseconds
28 # MB = megabytes s = seconds
29 # GB = gigabytes min = minutes
30 # TB = terabytes h = hours
31 # d = days
32
33
34 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
35 # FILE LOCATIONS
36 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37
38 # The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
39 # option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
40
41 data_directory = '/var/lib/postgresql/9.6/main' # use data in another directory
42 # (change requires restart)
43 hba_file = '/etc/postgresql/9.6/main/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
44 # (change requires restart)
45 ident_file = '/etc/postgresql/9.6/main/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
46 # (change requires restart)
47
48 # If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
49 external_pid_file = '/var/run/postgresql/9.6-main.pid' # write an extra PID file
50 # (change requires restart)
51
52
53 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 # CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
55 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56
57 # - Connection Settings -
58
59 #listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
60 # comma-separated list of addresses;
61 # defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
62 # (change requires restart)
63 port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
64 max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
65 #superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
66 unix_socket_directories = '/var/run/postgresql' # comma-separated list of directories
67 # (change requires restart)
68 #unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
69 #unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
70 # (change requires restart)
71 #bonjour = off # advertise server via Bonjour
72 # (change requires restart)
73 #bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
74 # (change requires restart)
75
76 # - Security and Authentication -
77
78 #authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
79 ssl = true # (change requires restart)
80 #ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
81 # (change requires restart)
82 #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on # (change requires restart)
83 #ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1' # (change requires restart)
84 ssl_cert_file = '/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem' # (change requires restart)
85 ssl_key_file = '/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key' # (change requires restart)
86 #ssl_ca_file = '' # (change requires restart)
87 #ssl_crl_file = '' # (change requires restart)
88 #password_encryption = on
89 #db_user_namespace = off
90 #row_security = on
91
92 # GSSAPI using Kerberos
93 #krb_server_keyfile = ''
94 #krb_caseins_users = off
95
96 # - TCP Keepalives -
97 # see "man 7 tcp" for details
98
99 #tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
100 # 0 selects the system default
101 #tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
102 # 0 selects the system default
103 #tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
104 # 0 selects the system default
105
106
107 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
108 # RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
109 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
110
111 # - Memory -
112
113 shared_buffers = 128MB # min 128kB
114 # (change requires restart)
115 #huge_pages = try # on, off, or try
116 # (change requires restart)
117 #temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
118 #max_prepared_transactions = 0 # zero disables the feature
119 # (change requires restart)
120 # Caution: it is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless
121 # you actively intend to use prepared transactions.
122 #work_mem = 4MB # min 64kB
123 #maintenance_work_mem = 64MB # min 1MB
124 #replacement_sort_tuples = 150000 # limits use of replacement selection sort
125 #autovacuum_work_mem = -1 # min 1MB, or -1 to use maintenance_work_mem
126 #max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
127 dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix # the default is the first option
128 # supported by the operating system:
129 # posix
130 # sysv
131 # windows
132 # mmap
133 # use none to disable dynamic shared memory
134
135 # - Disk -
136
137 #temp_file_limit = -1 # limits per-process temp file space
138 # in kB, or -1 for no limit
139
140 # - Kernel Resource Usage -
141
142 #max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
143 # (change requires restart)
144 #shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
145
146 # - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
147
148 #vacuum_cost_delay = 0 # 0-100 milliseconds
149 #vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
150 #vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
151 #vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
152 #vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
153
154 # - Background Writer -
155
156 #bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
157 #bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
158 #bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multiplier on buffers scanned/round
159 #bgwriter_flush_after = 512kB # measured in pages, 0 disables
160
161 # - Asynchronous Behavior -
162
163 #effective_io_concurrency = 1 # 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
164 #max_worker_processes = 8 # (change requires restart)
165 #max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 0 # taken from max_worker_processes
166 #old_snapshot_threshold = -1 # 1min-60d; -1 disables; 0 is immediate
167 # (change requires restart)
168 #backend_flush_after = 0 # measured in pages, 0 disables
169
170
171 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
172 # WRITE AHEAD LOG
173 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
174
175 # - Settings -
176
177 #wal_level = minimal # minimal, replica, or logical
178 # (change requires restart)
179 #fsync = on # flush data to disk for crash safety
180 # (turning this off can cause
181 # unrecoverable data corruption)
182 #synchronous_commit = on # synchronization level;
183 # off, local, remote_write, remote_apply, or on
184 #wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
185 # supported by the operating system:
186 # open_datasync
187 # fdatasync (default on Linux)
188 # fsync
189 # fsync_writethrough
190 # open_sync
191 #full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
192 #wal_compression = off # enable compression of full-page writes
193 #wal_log_hints = off # also do full page writes of non-critical updates
194 # (change requires restart)
195 #wal_buffers = -1 # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
196 # (change requires restart)
197 #wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
198 #wal_writer_flush_after = 1MB # measured in pages, 0 disables
199
200 #commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
201 #commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
202
203 # - Checkpoints -
204
205 #checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1d
206 #max_wal_size = 1GB
207 #min_wal_size = 80MB
208 #checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
209 #checkpoint_flush_after = 256kB # measured in pages, 0 disables
210 #checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 disables
211
212 # - Archiving -
213
214 #archive_mode = off # enables archiving; off, on, or always
215 # (change requires restart)
216 #archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
217 # placeholders: %p = path of file to archive
218 # %f = file name only
219 # e.g. 'test ! -f /mnt/server/archivedir/%f && cp %p /mnt/server/archivedir/%f'
220 #archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
221 # number of seconds; 0 disables
222
223
224 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
225 # REPLICATION
226 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
227
228 # - Sending Server(s) -
229
230 # Set these on the master and on any standby that will send replication data.
231
232 #max_wal_senders = 0 # max number of walsender processes
233 # (change requires restart)
234 #wal_keep_segments = 0 # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
235 #wal_sender_timeout = 60s # in milliseconds; 0 disables
236
237 #max_replication_slots = 0 # max number of replication slots
238 # (change requires restart)
239 #track_commit_timestamp = off # collect timestamp of transaction commit
240 # (change requires restart)
241
242 # - Master Server -
243
244 # These settings are ignored on a standby server.
245
246 #synchronous_standby_names = '' # standby servers that provide sync rep
247 # number of sync standbys and comma-separated list of application_name
248 # from standby(s); '*' = all
249 #vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0 # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
250
251 # - Standby Servers -
252
253 # These settings are ignored on a master server.
254
255 #hot_standby = off # "on" allows queries during recovery
256 # (change requires restart)
257 #max_standby_archive_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
258 # when reading WAL from archive;
259 # -1 allows indefinite delay
260 #max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s # max delay before canceling queries
261 # when reading streaming WAL;
262 # -1 allows indefinite delay
263 #wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s # send replies at least this often
264 # 0 disables
265 #hot_standby_feedback = off # send info from standby to prevent
266 # query conflicts
267 #wal_receiver_timeout = 60s # time that receiver waits for
268 # communication from master
269 # in milliseconds; 0 disables
270 #wal_retrieve_retry_interval = 5s # time to wait before retrying to
271 # retrieve WAL after a failed attempt
272
273
274 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
275 # QUERY TUNING
276 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
277
278 # - Planner Method Configuration -
279
280 #enable_bitmapscan = on
281 #enable_hashagg = on
282 #enable_hashjoin = on
283 #enable_indexscan = on
284 #enable_indexonlyscan = on
285 #enable_material = on
286 #enable_mergejoin = on
287 #enable_nestloop = on
288 #enable_seqscan = on
289 #enable_sort = on
290 #enable_tidscan = on
291
292 # - Planner Cost Constants -
293
294 #seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
295 #random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
296 #cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
297 #cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
298 #cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
299 #parallel_tuple_cost = 0.1 # same scale as above
300 #parallel_setup_cost = 1000.0 # same scale as above
301 #min_parallel_relation_size = 8MB
302 #effective_cache_size = 4GB
303
304 # - Genetic Query Optimizer -
305
306 #geqo = on
307 #geqo_threshold = 12
308 #geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
309 #geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
310 #geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
311 #geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
312 #geqo_seed = 0.0 # range 0.0-1.0
313
314 # - Other Planner Options -
315
316 #default_statistics_target = 100 # range 1-10000
317 #constraint_exclusion = partition # on, off, or partition
318 #cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1 # range 0.0-1.0
319 #from_collapse_limit = 8
320 #join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
321 # JOIN clauses
322 #force_parallel_mode = off
323
324
325 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
326 # ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
327 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
328
329 # - Where to Log -
330
331 #log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
332 # stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
333 # depending on platform. csvlog
334 # requires logging_collector to be on.
335
336 # This is used when logging to stderr:
337 #logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
338 # into log files. Required to be on for
339 # csvlogs.
340 # (change requires restart)
341
342 # These are only used if logging_collector is on:
343 #log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
344 # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
345 #log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
346 # can include strftime() escapes
347 #log_file_mode = 0600 # creation mode for log files,
348 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
349 #log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file with the
350 # same name as the new log file will be
351 # truncated rather than appended to.
352 # But such truncation only occurs on
353 # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
354 # or size-driven rotation. Default is
355 # off, meaning append to existing files
356 # in all cases.
357 #log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
358 # happen after that time. 0 disables.
359 #log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
360 # happen after that much log output.
361 # 0 disables.
362
363 # These are relevant when logging to syslog:
364 #syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
365 #syslog_ident = 'postgres'
366 #syslog_sequence_numbers = on
367 #syslog_split_messages = on
368
369 # This is only relevant when logging to eventlog (win32):
370 #event_source = 'PostgreSQL'
371
372 # - When to Log -
373
374 #client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
375 # debug5
376 # debug4
377 # debug3
378 # debug2
379 # debug1
380 # log
381 # notice
382 # warning
383 # error
384
385 #log_min_messages = warning # values in order of decreasing detail:
386 # debug5
387 # debug4
388 # debug3
389 # debug2
390 # debug1
391 # info
392 # notice
393 # warning
394 # error
395 # log
396 # fatal
397 # panic
398
399 #log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
400 # debug5
401 # debug4
402 # debug3
403 # debug2
404 # debug1
405 # info
406 # notice
407 # warning
408 # error
409 # log
410 # fatal
411 # panic (effectively off)
412
413 #log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
414 # and their durations, > 0 logs only
415 # statements running at least this number
416 # of milliseconds
417
418
419 # - What to Log -
420
421 #debug_print_parse = off
422 #debug_print_rewritten = off
423 #debug_print_plan = off
424 #debug_pretty_print = on
425 #log_checkpoints = off
426 #log_connections = off
427 #log_disconnections = off
428 #log_duration = off
429 #log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
430 #log_hostname = off
431 log_line_prefix = '%m [%p] %q%u@%d ' # special values:
432 # %a = application name
433 # %u = user name
434 # %d = database name
435 # %r = remote host and port
436 # %h = remote host
437 # %p = process ID
438 # %t = timestamp without milliseconds
439 # %m = timestamp with milliseconds
440 # %n = timestamp with milliseconds (as a Unix epoch)
441 # %i = command tag
442 # %e = SQL state
443 # %c = session ID
444 # %l = session line number
445 # %s = session start timestamp
446 # %v = virtual transaction ID
447 # %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
448 # %q = stop here in non-session
449 # processes
450 # %% = '%'
451 # e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
452 #log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
453 #log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
454 #log_replication_commands = off
455 #log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
456 # than the specified size in kilobytes;
457 # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
458 log_timezone = 'localtime'
459
460
461 # - Process Title -
462
463 cluster_name = '9.6/main' # added to process titles if nonempty
464 # (change requires restart)
465 #update_process_title = on
466
467
468 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
469 # RUNTIME STATISTICS
470 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
471
472 # - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
473
474 #track_activities = on
475 #track_counts = on
476 #track_io_timing = off
477 #track_functions = none # none, pl, all
478 #track_activity_query_size = 1024 # (change requires restart)
479 stats_temp_directory = '/var/run/postgresql/9.6-main.pg_stat_tmp'
480
481
482 # - Statistics Monitoring -
483
484 #log_parser_stats = off
485 #log_planner_stats = off
486 #log_executor_stats = off
487 #log_statement_stats = off
488
489
490 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
491 # AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
492 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
493
494 #autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
495 # requires track_counts to also be on.
496 #log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
497 # their durations, > 0 logs only
498 # actions running at least this number
499 # of milliseconds.
500 #autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
501 # (change requires restart)
502 #autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
503 #autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
504 # vacuum
505 #autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
506 # analyze
507 #autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
508 #autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
509 #autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
510 # (change requires restart)
511 #autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 400000000 # maximum multixact age
512 # before forced vacuum
513 # (change requires restart)
514 #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms # default vacuum cost delay for
515 # autovacuum, in milliseconds;
516 # -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
517 #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
518 # autovacuum, -1 means use
519 # vacuum_cost_limit
520
521
522 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
523 # CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
524 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
525
526 # - Statement Behavior -
527
528 #search_path = '"$user", public' # schema names
529 #default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
530 #temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
531 # only default tablespace
532 #check_function_bodies = on
533 #default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
534 #default_transaction_read_only = off
535 #default_transaction_deferrable = off
536 #session_replication_role = 'origin'
537 #statement_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
538 #lock_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
539 #idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 0 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
540 #vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
541 #vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
542 #vacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age = 5000000
543 #vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 150000000
544 #bytea_output = 'hex' # hex, escape
545 #xmlbinary = 'base64'
546 #xmloption = 'content'
547 #gin_fuzzy_search_limit = 0
548 #gin_pending_list_limit = 4MB
549
550 # - Locale and Formatting -
551
552 datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
553 #intervalstyle = 'postgres'
554 timezone = 'localtime'
555 #timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
556 # abbreviations. Currently, there are
557 # Default
558 # Australia (historical usage)
559 # India
560 # You can create your own file in
561 # share/timezonesets/.
562 #extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 3
563 #client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
564 # encoding
565
566 # These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
567 lc_messages = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for system error message
568 # strings
569 lc_monetary = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for monetary formatting
570 lc_numeric = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for number formatting
571 lc_time = 'en_US.UTF-8' # locale for time formatting
572
573 # default configuration for text search
574 default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
575
576 # - Other Defaults -
577
578 #dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
579 #local_preload_libraries = ''
580 #session_preload_libraries = ''
581
582
583 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
584 # LOCK MANAGEMENT
585 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
586
587 #deadlock_timeout = 1s
588 #max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
589 # (change requires restart)
590 #max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
591 # (change requires restart)
592
593
594 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
595 # VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
596 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
597
598 # - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
599
600 #array_nulls = on
601 #backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
602 #default_with_oids = off
603 #escape_string_warning = on
604 #lo_compat_privileges = off
605 #operator_precedence_warning = off
606 #quote_all_identifiers = off
607 #sql_inheritance = on
608 #standard_conforming_strings = on
609 #synchronize_seqscans = on
610
611 # - Other Platforms and Clients -
612
613 #transform_null_equals = off
614
615
616 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
617 # ERROR HANDLING
618 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
619
620 #exit_on_error = off # terminate session on any error?
621 #restart_after_crash = on # reinitialize after backend crash?
622
623
624 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
625 # CONFIG FILE INCLUDES
626 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
627
628 # These options allow settings to be loaded from files other than the
629 # default postgresql.conf.
630
631 #include_dir = 'conf.d' # include files ending in '.conf' from
632 # directory 'conf.d'
633 #include_if_exists = 'exists.conf' # include file only if it exists
634 #include = 'special.conf' # include file
635
636
637 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
638 # CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
639 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
640
641 # Add settings for extensions here