[pve-docs.git] / vxlan-and-evpn.adoc


////

This is currently not included, because
- it requires ifupdown2
- routing needs more documentation

////


VXLAN layer2 with vlan unware linux bridges
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

VXLAN is an overlay network to carry Ethernet traffic over an existing IP network
while accommodating a very large number of tenants. It is defined in RFC 7348.
Each overlay network is known as a VXLAN Segment and identified by a unique
24-bit segment ID called a VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI).

VXLAN encapsulation add 50bytes overhead, so you need to increase mtu on your host
physical interfaces to 1550 at minimum. (or decrease mtu inside your vms to 1450)

For BUM traffic (broadcast / unknown unicast traffic, multicast),
we have 3 differents vxlan setup modes : multicast, unicast, bgp-evpn

image::images/vxlan-l2-vlanunaware.svg["vxlan l2 bridge vlan unaware",align="center"]

multicast mode
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This scenario relies in head end replication, meaning that end host in case
of not having any entry for the destination MAC address will send out an ARP
to other devices / VTEPs in the VXLAN network.
This is done by sending the request to the VXLAN multicast group,
remote VTEPs will get the packet and answer accordingly direct to the originating VTEP.


* node1

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.1
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


* node2

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.2
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0


auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


* node3

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.3
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0


auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-svcnodeip 225.20.1.1
        vxlan-physdev eno1

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


unicast mode
^^^^^^^^^^^^

We can replace multicast by head-end replication of BUM frames to a statically configured lists of remote VTEPs.
The VXLAN is defined without a remote multicast group.
Instead, all the remote VTEPs are associated with the all-zero address:
a BUM frame will be duplicated to all these destinations.
The VXLAN device will still learn remote addresses automatically using source-address learning.

* node1

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.1
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0


auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0


auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


* node2

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.2
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.1
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.1
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


* node3

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.3
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.2
        vxlan_remoteip 192.168.0.3


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


bgp-evpn
^^^^^^^^

VTEPs use control plane learning/distribution via BGP for remote MAC addresses instead of data plane learning.
VTEPs have the ability to suppress ARP flooding over VXLAN tunnels.

The control plane used here is FRR, a bgp routing software.
Each node in the proxmox cluster peer with each others nodes.
For bigger networks, or multiple proxmox clusters,
it's possible to use external bgp route reflector servers.

* node1

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.1
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0


auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


/etc/frr/frr.conf

----
router bgp 1234
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node2

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.2
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


/etc/frr/frr.conf

----
router bgp 1234
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node3

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address 192.168.0.2
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports eno1
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
----


/etc/frr/frr.conf


----
router bgp 1234
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----

VXLAN layer3 routing with anycast gateway
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

With this need, each vmbr bridge will be the gateway for the vm.
Same vmbr on different node, will have same ip address and same mac address,
to have working vm live migration and no network disruption.

VXLAN layer3 routing only work with FRR and non-aware bridge.
(vlan aware bridge support is buggy currently).

asymmetric model
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This is the simplest mode. To get it work, all vxlan need to be defined on all nodes.

The asymmetric model allows routing and bridging on the VXLAN tunnel ingress,
but only bridging on the egress.
This results in bi-directional VXLAN traffic traveling on different VNIs
in each direction (always the destination VNI) across the routed infrastructure.

image::images/vxlan-l3-asymmetric.svg["vxlan l3 asymmetric",align="center"]

* node1

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.1
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on
----


frr.conf

----
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node2

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.2
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on


auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on
----


frr.conf

----
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node3

----
auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.3
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on
----


frr.conf

----
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


symmetric model
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

With this model, you don't need to have all vxlan on all nodes.
This model will also be needed to route traffic to an external router.

The symmetric model routes and bridges on both the ingress and the egress leafs.
This results in bi-directional traffic being able to travel on the same VNI, hence the symmetric name.
However, a new specialty transit VNI is used for all routed VXLAN traffic, called the L3VNI.
All traffic that needs to be routed will be routed onto the L3VNI, tunneled across the layer 3 Infrastructure,
routed off the L3VNI to the appropriate VLAN and ultimately bridged to the destination.

A vrf is needed for the L3VNI, so all vmbr bridge need to be in the vrf if they want to be able to reach each others.

image::images/vxlan-l3-symmetric.svg["vxlan l3 symmetric",align="center"]

* node1

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.1
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----

frr.conf

----
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node2

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.2
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node3

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.3
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----

VXLAN layer3 routing with anycast gateway + routing to outside with external router
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Routing to outside need the symmetric model.

1 gateway node
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
In this example, we'll use only 1 proxmox node as exit gateway. (node1)
This node announce the default gw in vrf1 (default originate) and forward to his own default gateway (192.168.0.254) (no bgp between router and node1)


*node1

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.1
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         ip-forward on
         ip6-forward on

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
ip prefix-list deny seq 10 deny any
!
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  import vrf vrf1
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 prefix-list deny out
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 prefix-list deny out
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  default-originate ipv4
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node2

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.2
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node3

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.3
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----

multiple gateway nodes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
In this example, all nodes will be used as exit gateway. (But you can use only 2 nodes if you want)
All nodes have a a default gw to the external router (192.168.0.254) (no bgp between router and node1)
and announce this default gw in the vrf (default originate)
The external router have ecmp routes to all proxmox nodes.(balancing).
If the router send the packet to a wrong node (vm is not on this node), this node will route through
vxlan the packet to final destination.

*node1

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.1
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         ip-forward on
         ip6-forward on

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.1
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
ip prefix-list deny seq 10 deny any
!
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.1
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  import vrf vrf1
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 prefix-list deny out
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 prefix-list deny out
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  default-originate ipv4
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node2

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.2
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         ip-forward on
         ip6-forward on

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.2
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
ip prefix-list deny seq 10 deny any
!
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.2
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.3 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  import vrf vrf1
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 prefix-list deny out
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 prefix-list deny out
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.3 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  default-originate ipv4
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----


* node3

----
auto vrf1
iface vrf1
    vrf-table auto

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet manual
	mtu 1550

auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.3
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         ip-forward on
         ip6-forward on

auto vxlan2
iface vxlan2 inet manual
        vxlan-id 2
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr2
iface vmbr2 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan2
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.2.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr2
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

auto vxlan3
iface vxlan3 inet manual
        vxlan-id 3
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off

auto vmbr3
iface vmbr3 inet static
        bridge_ports vxlan3
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        address 10.0.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        hwaddress 44:39:39:FF:40:94 #must be same on each node vmbr3
        vrf vrf1
        ip-forward on
        ip6-forward on
        arp-accept on

#interconnect vxlan-vfr l3vni
auto vxlan4000
iface vxlan4000 inet manual
        vxlan-id 4000
        vxlan-local-tunnelip 192.168.0.3
        bridge-learning off
        bridge-arp-nd-suppress on
        bridge-unicast-flood off
        bridge-multicast-flood off


auto vmbr4000
iface vmbr4000 inet manual
        bridge_ports vxlan4000
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        vrf vrf1
----


frr.conf

----
ip prefix-list deny seq 10 deny any
!
vrf vrf1
 vni 4000
 exit-vrf
!
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.3
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.2 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  import vrf vrf1
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 prefix-list deny out
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 prefix-list deny out
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.1 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.2 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
router bgp 1234 vrf vrf1
!
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  redistribute connected
 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  default-originate ipv4
 exit-address-family
!
line vty
!
----

Note
^^^^

If your external router doesn't support 'ECMP static routes' to reach multiple
{pve} nodes, you can setup an HA floating vip on proxmox nodes by using the
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).

In this example, we will setup an floating 192.168.0.10 IP on node1 and node2.
Node1 is the primary with failover to node2 in case of outage.

This setup currently needs 'vrrpd' package (`apt install vrrpd`).
#TODO : It should be possible to do it with frr directly with last version.

* node1

----
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.1
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         vrrp-id 1
         vrrp-priority 1
         vrrp-virtual-ip 192.168.0.10
----

* node2

----
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
         address 192.168.0.2
         netmask  255.255.255.0
         gateway 192.168.0.254
         bridge_ports eno1
         bridge_stp off
         bridge_fd 0
         vrrp-id 1
         vrrp-priority 2
         vrrp-virtual-ip 192.168.0.10
----


Route Reflectors
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have a lot of proxmox nodes, or multiple proxmox clusters, you may want
to avoid that all node peers with each others nodes.
For this, you can create dedicated route reflectors (RR) servers. As a RR is a
single point of failure, a minimum of two servers acting as an RR is highly
recommended for redundancy.

Below is an example of configuration with 'frr', with `rrserver1
(192.168.0.200)' and `rrserver2 (192.168.0.201)`.

rrserver1
----
router bgp 1234
  bgp router-id 192.168.0.200
  bgp cluster-id 1.1.1.1  #cluster-id must be the same on each route reflector
  bgp log-neighbor-changes
  no bgp default ipv4-unicast
  neighbor fabric peer-group
  neighbor fabric remote-as 1234
  neighbor fabric capability extended-nexthop
  neighbor fabric update-source 192.168.0.200
  bgp listen range 192.168.0.0/24 peer-group fabric #allow any proxmoxnode client in the network range
  !
  address-family l2vpn evpn
   neighbor fabric activate
   neighbor fabric route-reflector-client
   neighbor fabric allowas-in
  exit-address-family
  !
  exit
!
---

rrserver2
----
router bgp 1234
  bgp router-id 192.168.0.201
  bgp cluster-id 1.1.1.1
  bgp log-neighbor-changes
  no bgp default ipv4-unicast
  neighbor fabric peer-group
  neighbor fabric remote-as 1234
  neighbor fabric capability extended-nexthop
  neighbor fabric update-source 192.168.0.201
  bgp listen range 192.168.0.0/24 peer-group fabric
  !
  address-family l2vpn evpn
   neighbor fabric activate
   neighbor fabric route-reflector-client
   neighbor fabric allowas-in
  exit-address-family
  !
  exit
!
---

proxmoxnode(s)
----
router bgp 1234
 bgp router-id 192.168.0.x
 no bgp default ipv4-unicast
 coalesce-time 1000
 neighbor 192.168.0.200 remote-as 1234
 neighbor 192.168.0.201 remote-as 1234
 !
 address-family l2vpn evpn
  neighbor 192.168.0.200 activate
  neighbor 192.168.0.201 activate
  advertise-all-vni
 exit-address-family
!
----

#TODO : Documentation with bgp upstream router.