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1 | [[installation_prepare_media]] | |
2 | Prepare Installation Media | |
3 | -------------------------- | |
4 | ifdef::wiki[] | |
5 | :pve-toplevel: | |
6 | endif::wiki[] | |
7 | ||
8 | Download the installer ISO image from: {website}en/downloads/category/iso-images-pve | |
9 | ||
10 | The {pve} installation media is a hybrid ISO image. It works in two ways: | |
11 | ||
12 | * An ISO image file ready to burn to a CD or DVD. | |
13 | ||
14 | * A raw sector (IMG) image file ready to copy to a USB flash drive (USB stick). | |
15 | ||
16 | Using a USB flash drive to install {pve} is the recommended way because it is | |
17 | the faster option. | |
18 | ||
19 | Prepare a USB Flash Drive as Installation Medium | |
20 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
21 | ||
22 | The flash drive needs to have at least 1 GB of storage available. | |
23 | ||
24 | NOTE: Do not use UNetbootin. It does not work with the {pve} installation image. | |
25 | ||
26 | IMPORTANT: Make sure that the USB flash drive is not mounted and does not | |
27 | contain any important data. | |
28 | ||
29 | ||
30 | Instructions for GNU/Linux | |
31 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
32 | ||
33 | On Unix-like operating system use the `dd` command to copy the ISO image to the | |
34 | USB flash drive. First find the correct device name of the USB flash drive (see | |
35 | below). Then run the `dd` command. | |
36 | ||
37 | ---- | |
38 | # dd bs=1M conv=fdatasync if=./proxmox-ve_*.iso of=/dev/XYZ | |
39 | ---- | |
40 | ||
41 | NOTE: Be sure to replace /dev/XYZ with the correct device name and adapt the | |
42 | input filename ('if') path. | |
43 | ||
44 | CAUTION: Be very careful, and do not overwrite the wrong disk! | |
45 | ||
46 | ||
47 | Find the Correct USB Device Name | |
48 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
49 | There are two ways to find out the name of the USB flash drive. The first one is | |
50 | to compare the last lines of the `dmesg` command output before and after | |
51 | plugging in the flash drive. The second way is to compare the output of the | |
52 | `lsblk` command. Open a terminal and run: | |
53 | ||
54 | ---- | |
55 | # lsblk | |
56 | ---- | |
57 | ||
58 | Then plug in your USB flash drive and run the command again: | |
59 | ||
60 | ---- | |
61 | # lsblk | |
62 | ---- | |
63 | ||
64 | A new device will appear. This is the one you want to use. To be on the extra | |
65 | safe side check if the reported size matches your USB flash drive. | |
66 | ||
67 | ||
68 | Instructions for macOS | |
69 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
70 | ||
71 | Open the terminal (query Terminal in Spotlight). | |
72 | ||
73 | Convert the .iso file to .img using the convert option of `hdiutil` for example. | |
74 | ||
75 | ---- | |
76 | # hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o proxmox-ve_*.dmg proxmox-ve_*.iso | |
77 | ---- | |
78 | ||
79 | TIP: macOS tends to automatically add '.dmg' to the output file name. | |
80 | ||
81 | To get the current list of devices run the command: | |
82 | ||
83 | ---- | |
84 | # diskutil list | |
85 | ---- | |
86 | ||
87 | Now insert the USB flash drive and run this command again to determine which | |
88 | device node has been assigned to it. (e.g., /dev/diskX). | |
89 | ||
90 | ---- | |
91 | # diskutil list | |
92 | # diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX | |
93 | ---- | |
94 | ||
95 | NOTE: replace X with the disk number from the last command. | |
96 | ||
97 | ---- | |
98 | # sudo dd if=proxmox-ve_*.dmg of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m | |
99 | ---- | |
100 | ||
101 | NOTE: 'rdiskX', instead of 'diskX', in the last command is intended. It will | |
102 | increase the write speed. | |
103 | ||
104 | Instructions for Windows | |
105 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
106 | ||
107 | Using Etcher | |
108 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
109 | ||
110 | Etcher works out of the box. Download Etcher from https://etcher.io. It will | |
111 | guide you through the process of selecting the ISO and your USB Drive. | |
112 | ||
113 | Using Rufus | |
114 | ^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
115 | ||
116 | Rufus is a more lightweight alternative, but you need to use the *DD mode* to | |
117 | make it work. Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie/. Either install it or use | |
118 | the portable version. Select the destination drive and the {pve} ISO file. | |
119 | ||
120 | IMPORTANT: Once you 'Start' you have to click 'No' on the dialog asking to | |
121 | download a different version of GRUB. In the next dialog select the 'DD' mode. | |
122 | ||
123 | ifdef::wiki[] | |
124 | Boot your Server from the USB Flash Drive | |
125 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
126 | ||
127 | Connect the USB flash drive to your server and make sure that booting from USB | |
128 | is enabled (check your servers firmware settings). Then follow the steps in the | |
129 | xref:chapter_installation[installation wizard]. | |
130 | ||
131 | endif::wiki[] |