.List available system images
----
# pveam available --section system
-system alpine-3.10-default_20190626_amd64.tar.xz
-system alpine-3.9-default_20190224_amd64.tar.xz
-system archlinux-base_20190924-1_amd64.tar.gz
-system centos-6-default_20191016_amd64.tar.xz
+system alpine-3.12-default_20200823_amd64.tar.xz
+system alpine-3.13-default_20210419_amd64.tar.xz
+system alpine-3.14-default_20210623_amd64.tar.xz
+system archlinux-base_20210420-1_amd64.tar.gz
system centos-7-default_20190926_amd64.tar.xz
-system centos-8-default_20191016_amd64.tar.xz
-system debian-10.0-standard_10.0-1_amd64.tar.gz
-system debian-8.0-standard_8.11-1_amd64.tar.gz
+system centos-8-default_20201210_amd64.tar.xz
system debian-9.0-standard_9.7-1_amd64.tar.gz
-system fedora-30-default_20190718_amd64.tar.xz
-system fedora-31-default_20191029_amd64.tar.xz
-system gentoo-current-default_20190718_amd64.tar.xz
-system opensuse-15.0-default_20180907_amd64.tar.xz
-system opensuse-15.1-default_20190719_amd64.tar.xz
+system debian-10-standard_10.7-1_amd64.tar.gz
+system devuan-3.0-standard_3.0_amd64.tar.gz
+system fedora-33-default_20201115_amd64.tar.xz
+system fedora-34-default_20210427_amd64.tar.xz
+system gentoo-current-default_20200310_amd64.tar.xz
+system opensuse-15.2-default_20200824_amd64.tar.xz
system ubuntu-16.04-standard_16.04.5-1_amd64.tar.gz
system ubuntu-18.04-standard_18.04.1-1_amd64.tar.gz
-system ubuntu-19.04-standard_19.04-1_amd64.tar.gz
-system ubuntu-19.10-standard_19.10-1_amd64.tar.gz
+system ubuntu-20.04-standard_20.04-1_amd64.tar.gz
+system ubuntu-20.10-standard_20.10-1_amd64.tar.gz
+system ubuntu-21.04-standard_21.04-1_amd64.tar.gz
----
Before you can use such a template, you need to download them into one of your
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html[kernel
parameter documentation] for details.)
+[[pct_cgroup_compat]]
+CGroup Version Compatibility
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The main difference between pure 'cgroupv2' and the old hybrid environments
regarding {pve} is that with 'cgroupv2' memory and swap are now controlled
independently. The memory and swap settings for containers can map directly to
completely different way. Because of this, file system quotas are currently not
supported in a pure 'cgroupv2' environment.
-If file system quotas are not required and the containers are new enough to
-understand 'cgroupv2', it is recommended to stick to the new default.
+'cgroupv2' support by the container's OS is needed to run in a pure 'cgroupv2'
+environment. Containers running 'systemd' version 231 or newer support
+'cgroupv2' footnote:[this includes all newest major versions of container
+templates shipped by {pve}], as do containers not using 'systemd' as init
+system footnote:[for example Alpine Linux].
+
+[NOTE]
+====
+CentOS 7 and Ubuntu 16.10 are two prominent Linux distributions releases,
+which have a 'systemd' version that is too old to run in a 'cgroupv2'
+environment, you can either
+
+* Upgrade the whole distribution to a newer release. For the examples above, that
+ could be Ubuntu 18.04 or 20.04, and CentOS 8 (or RHEL/CentOS derivatives like
+ AlmaLinux or Rocky Linux). This has the benefit to get the newest bug and
+ security fixes, often also new features, and moving the EOL date in the future.
+
+* Upgrade the Containers systemd version. If the distribution provides a
+ backports repository this can be an easy and quick stop-gap measurement.
+
+* Move the container, or its services, to a Virtual Machine. Virtual Machines
+ have a much less interaction with the host, that's why one can install
+ decades old OS versions just fine there.
+
+* Switch back to the legacy 'cgroup' controller. Note that while it can be a
+ valid solution, it's not a permanent one. There's a high likelihood that a
+ future {pve} major release, for example 8.0, cannot support the legacy
+ controller anymore.
+====
+
+[[pct_cgroup_change_version]]
+Changing CGroup Version
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+TIP: If file system quotas are not required and all containers support 'cgroupv2',
+it is recommended to stick to the new default.
To switch back to the previous version the following kernel command line
parameter can be used: