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[qemu-server.git] / qmeventd / qmeventd.c
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
2 /*
3 Copyright (C) 2018 - 2021 Proxmox Server Solutions GmbH
4
5 Author: Dominik Csapak <d.csapak@proxmox.com>
6 Author: Stefan Reiter <s.reiter@proxmox.com>
7
8 Description:
9
10 qmeventd listens on a given socket, and waits for qemu processes to
11 connect. After accepting a connection qmeventd waits for shutdown events
12 followed by the closing of the socket. Once that happens `qm cleanup` will
13 be executed with following three arguments:
14 VMID <graceful> <guest>
15 Where `graceful` can be `1` or `0` depending if shutdown event was observed
16 before the socket got closed. The second parameter `guest` is also boolean
17 `1` or `0` depending if the shutdown was requested from the guest OS
18 (i.e., the "inside").
19 */
20
21 #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #endif
24
25 #include <errno.h>
26 #include <fcntl.h>
27 #include <gmodule.h>
28 #include <json.h>
29 #include <signal.h>
30 #include <stdbool.h>
31 #include <stdio.h>
32 #include <stdlib.h>
33 #include <string.h>
34 #include <sys/epoll.h>
35 #include <sys/socket.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/un.h>
38 #include <sys/wait.h>
39 #include <unistd.h>
40 #include <time.h>
41
42 #include "qmeventd.h"
43
44 #define DEFAULT_KILL_TIMEOUT 60
45
46 static int verbose = 0;
47 static int kill_timeout = DEFAULT_KILL_TIMEOUT;
48 static int epoll_fd = 0;
49 static const char *progname;
50 GHashTable *vm_clients; // key=vmid (freed on remove), value=*Client (free manually)
51 GSList *forced_cleanups;
52 static int needs_cleanup = 0;
53
54 /*
55 * Helper functions
56 */
57
58 static void
59 usage()
60 {
61 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-f] [-v] PATH\n", progname);
62 fprintf(stderr, " -f run in foreground (default: false)\n");
63 fprintf(stderr, " -v verbose (default: false)\n");
64 fprintf(stderr, " -t <s> kill timeout (default: %ds)\n", DEFAULT_KILL_TIMEOUT);
65 fprintf(stderr, " PATH use PATH for socket\n");
66 }
67
68 static pid_t
69 get_pid_from_fd(int fd)
70 {
71 struct ucred credentials = { .pid = 0, .uid = 0, .gid = 0 };
72 socklen_t len = sizeof(struct ucred);
73 log_neg(getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &credentials, &len), "getsockopt");
74 return credentials.pid;
75 }
76
77 /*
78 * parses the vmid from the qemu.slice entry of /proc/<pid>/cgroup
79 */
80 static unsigned long
81 get_vmid_from_pid(pid_t pid)
82 {
83 char filename[32] = { 0 };
84 int len = snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/cgroup", pid);
85 if (len < 0) {
86 fprintf(stderr, "error during snprintf for %d: %s\n", pid,
87 strerror(errno));
88 return 0;
89 }
90 if ((size_t)len >= sizeof(filename)) {
91 fprintf(stderr, "error: pid %d too long\n", pid);
92 return 0;
93 }
94 FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "re");
95 if (fp == NULL) {
96 fprintf(stderr, "error opening %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
97 return 0;
98 }
99
100 unsigned long vmid = 0;
101 char *buf = NULL;
102 size_t buflen = 0;
103
104 while (getline(&buf, &buflen, fp) >= 0) {
105 char *cgroup_path = strrchr(buf, ':');
106 if (!cgroup_path) {
107 fprintf(stderr, "unexpected cgroup entry %s\n", buf);
108 goto ret;
109 }
110 cgroup_path++;
111
112 if (strncmp(cgroup_path, "/qemu.slice/", 12)) {
113 continue;
114 }
115
116 char *vmid_start = strrchr(buf, '/');
117 if (!vmid_start) {
118 fprintf(stderr, "unexpected cgroup entry %s\n", buf);
119 goto ret;
120 }
121 vmid_start++;
122
123 if (vmid_start[0] == '-' || vmid_start[0] == '\0') {
124 fprintf(stderr, "invalid vmid in cgroup entry %s\n", buf);
125 goto ret;
126 }
127
128 errno = 0;
129 char *endptr = NULL;
130 vmid = strtoul(vmid_start, &endptr, 10);
131 if (errno != 0) {
132 fprintf(stderr, "error parsing vmid for %d: %s\n", pid, strerror(errno));
133 vmid = 0;
134 } else if (*endptr != '.') {
135 fprintf(stderr, "unexpected cgroup entry %s\n", buf);
136 vmid = 0;
137 }
138
139 goto ret;
140 }
141
142 if (errno) {
143 fprintf(stderr, "error parsing vmid for %d: %s\n", pid, strerror(errno));
144 } else {
145 fprintf(stderr, "error parsing vmid for %d: no matching qemu.slice cgroup entry\n", pid);
146 }
147
148 ret:
149 free(buf);
150 fclose(fp);
151 return vmid;
152 }
153
154 static bool
155 must_write(int fd, const char *buf, size_t len)
156 {
157 ssize_t wlen;
158 do {
159 wlen = write(fd, buf, len);
160 } while (wlen < 0 && errno == EINTR);
161
162 return (wlen == (ssize_t)len);
163 }
164
165 /*
166 * qmp handling functions
167 */
168
169 static void
170 send_qmp_cmd(struct Client *client, const char *buf, size_t len)
171 {
172 if (!must_write(client->fd, buf, len - 1)) {
173 fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot send QMP message\n", client->qemu.vmid);
174 cleanup_client(client);
175 }
176 }
177
178 void
179 handle_qmp_handshake(struct Client *client)
180 {
181 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: got QMP handshake, assuming QEMU client\n", client->pid);
182
183 // extract vmid from cmdline, now that we know it's a QEMU process
184 unsigned long vmid = get_vmid_from_pid(client->pid);
185 int res = snprintf(client->qemu.vmid, sizeof(client->qemu.vmid), "%lu", vmid);
186 if (vmid == 0 || res < 0 || res >= (int)sizeof(client->qemu.vmid)) {
187 fprintf(stderr, "could not get vmid from pid %d\n", client->pid);
188 cleanup_client(client);
189 return;
190 }
191
192 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: assigned VMID: %s\n", client->pid, client->qemu.vmid);
193 client->type = CLIENT_QEMU;
194 if(!g_hash_table_insert(vm_clients, strdup(client->qemu.vmid), client)) {
195 // not fatal, just means backup handling won't work
196 fprintf(stderr, "%s: could not insert client into VMID->client table\n",
197 client->qemu.vmid);
198 }
199
200 static const char qmp_answer[] = "{\"execute\":\"qmp_capabilities\"}\n";
201 send_qmp_cmd(client, qmp_answer, sizeof(qmp_answer));
202 }
203
204 void
205 handle_qmp_event(struct Client *client, struct json_object *obj)
206 {
207 struct json_object *event;
208 if (!json_object_object_get_ex(obj, "event", &event)) {
209 return;
210 }
211 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: got QMP event: %s\n", client->qemu.vmid, json_object_get_string(event));
212
213 if (client->state == STATE_TERMINATING) {
214 // QEMU sometimes sends a second SHUTDOWN after SIGTERM, ignore
215 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: event was after termination, ignoring\n", client->qemu.vmid);
216 return;
217 }
218
219 // event, check if shutdown and get guest parameter
220 if (!strcmp(json_object_get_string(event), "SHUTDOWN")) {
221 client->qemu.graceful = 1;
222 struct json_object *data;
223 struct json_object *guest;
224 if (json_object_object_get_ex(obj, "data", &data) &&
225 json_object_object_get_ex(data, "guest", &guest))
226 {
227 client->qemu.guest = (unsigned short)json_object_get_boolean(guest);
228 }
229
230 // check if a backup is running and kill QEMU process if not
231 terminate_check(client);
232 }
233 }
234
235 void
236 terminate_check(struct Client *client)
237 {
238 if (client->state != STATE_IDLE) {
239 // if we're already in a request, queue this one until after
240 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: terminate_check queued\n", client->qemu.vmid);
241 client->qemu.term_check_queued = true;
242 return;
243 }
244
245 client->qemu.term_check_queued = false;
246
247 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: query-status\n", client->qemu.vmid);
248 client->state = STATE_EXPECT_STATUS_RESP;
249 static const char qmp_req[] = "{\"execute\":\"query-status\"}\n";
250 send_qmp_cmd(client, qmp_req, sizeof(qmp_req));
251 }
252
253 void
254 handle_qmp_return(struct Client *client, struct json_object *data, bool error)
255 {
256 if (error) {
257 const char *msg = "n/a";
258 struct json_object *desc;
259 if (json_object_object_get_ex(data, "desc", &desc)) {
260 msg = json_object_get_string(desc);
261 }
262 fprintf(stderr, "%s: received error from QMP: %s\n",
263 client->qemu.vmid, msg);
264 client->state = STATE_IDLE;
265 goto out;
266 }
267
268 struct json_object *status;
269 json_bool has_status = data &&
270 json_object_object_get_ex(data, "status", &status);
271
272 bool active = false;
273 if (has_status) {
274 const char *status_str = json_object_get_string(status);
275 active = status_str &&
276 (!strcmp(status_str, "running") || !strcmp(status_str, "paused"));
277 }
278
279 switch (client->state) {
280 case STATE_EXPECT_STATUS_RESP:
281 client->state = STATE_IDLE;
282 if (active) {
283 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: got status: VM is active\n", client->qemu.vmid);
284 } else if (!client->qemu.backup) {
285 terminate_client(client);
286 } else {
287 // if we're in a backup, don't do anything, vzdump will notify
288 // us when the backup finishes
289 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: not active, but running backup - keep alive\n",
290 client->qemu.vmid);
291 }
292 break;
293
294 // this means we received the empty return from our handshake answer
295 case STATE_HANDSHAKE:
296 client->state = STATE_IDLE;
297 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: QMP handshake complete\n", client->qemu.vmid);
298 break;
299
300 // we expect an empty return object after sending quit
301 case STATE_TERMINATING:
302 break;
303 case STATE_IDLE:
304 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: spurious return value received\n",
305 client->qemu.vmid);
306 break;
307 }
308
309 out:
310 if (client->qemu.term_check_queued) {
311 terminate_check(client);
312 }
313 }
314
315 /*
316 * VZDump specific client functions
317 */
318
319 void
320 handle_vzdump_handshake(struct Client *client, struct json_object *data)
321 {
322 client->state = STATE_IDLE;
323
324 struct json_object *vmid_obj;
325 json_bool has_vmid = data && json_object_object_get_ex(data, "vmid", &vmid_obj);
326
327 if (!has_vmid) {
328 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: invalid vzdump handshake: no vmid\n", client->pid);
329 return;
330 }
331
332 const char *vmid_str = json_object_get_string(vmid_obj);
333
334 if (!vmid_str) {
335 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: invalid vzdump handshake: vmid is not a string\n", client->pid);
336 return;
337 }
338
339 int res = snprintf(client->vzdump.vmid, sizeof(client->vzdump.vmid), "%s", vmid_str);
340 if (res < 0 || res >= (int)sizeof(client->vzdump.vmid)) {
341 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: invalid vzdump handshake: vmid too long or invalid\n", client->pid);
342 return;
343 }
344
345 struct Client *vmc = (struct Client*) g_hash_table_lookup(vm_clients, client->vzdump.vmid);
346 if (vmc) {
347 vmc->qemu.backup = true;
348
349 // only mark as VZDUMP once we have set everything up, otherwise 'cleanup'
350 // might try to access an invalid value
351 client->type = CLIENT_VZDUMP;
352 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: vzdump backup started\n", client->vzdump.vmid);
353 } else {
354 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: vzdump requested backup start for unregistered VM\n", client->vzdump.vmid);
355 }
356 }
357
358 /*
359 * client management functions
360 */
361
362 void
363 add_new_client(int client_fd)
364 {
365 struct Client *client = calloc(sizeof(struct Client), 1);
366 if (client == NULL) {
367 fprintf(stderr, "could not add new client - allocation failed!\n");
368 fflush(stderr);
369 return;
370 }
371 client->state = STATE_HANDSHAKE;
372 client->type = CLIENT_NONE;
373 client->fd = client_fd;
374 client->pid = get_pid_from_fd(client_fd);
375 if (client->pid == 0) {
376 fprintf(stderr, "could not get pid from client\n");
377 goto err;
378 }
379
380 struct epoll_event ev;
381 ev.events = EPOLLIN;
382 ev.data.ptr = client;
383 int res = epoll_ctl(epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, client_fd, &ev);
384 if (res < 0) {
385 perror("epoll_ctl client add");
386 goto err;
387 }
388
389 VERBOSE_PRINT("added new client, pid: %d\n", client->pid);
390
391 return;
392 err:
393 (void)close(client_fd);
394 free(client);
395 }
396
397 static void
398 cleanup_qemu_client(struct Client *client)
399 {
400 unsigned short graceful = client->qemu.graceful;
401 unsigned short guest = client->qemu.guest;
402 char vmid[sizeof(client->qemu.vmid)];
403 strncpy(vmid, client->qemu.vmid, sizeof(vmid));
404 g_hash_table_remove(vm_clients, &vmid); // frees key, ignore errors
405 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: executing cleanup (graceful: %d, guest: %d)\n",
406 vmid, graceful, guest);
407
408 int pid = fork();
409 if (pid < 0) {
410 fprintf(stderr, "fork failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
411 return;
412 }
413 if (pid == 0) {
414 char *script = "/usr/sbin/qm";
415
416 char *args[] = {
417 script,
418 "cleanup",
419 vmid,
420 graceful ? "1" : "0",
421 guest ? "1" : "0",
422 NULL
423 };
424
425 execvp(script, args);
426 perror("execvp");
427 _exit(1);
428 }
429 }
430
431 void
432 cleanup_client(struct Client *client)
433 {
434 log_neg(epoll_ctl(epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, client->fd, NULL), "epoll del");
435 (void)close(client->fd);
436
437 struct Client *vmc;
438 switch (client->type) {
439 case CLIENT_QEMU:
440 cleanup_qemu_client(client);
441 break;
442
443 case CLIENT_VZDUMP:
444 vmc = (struct Client*) g_hash_table_lookup(vm_clients, client->vzdump.vmid);
445 if (vmc) {
446 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: backup ended\n", client->vzdump.vmid);
447 vmc->qemu.backup = false;
448 terminate_check(vmc);
449 }
450 break;
451
452 case CLIENT_NONE:
453 // do nothing, only close socket
454 break;
455 }
456
457 if (client->pidfd > 0) {
458 (void)close(client->pidfd);
459 }
460 VERBOSE_PRINT("removing %s from forced cleanups\n", client->qemu.vmid);
461 forced_cleanups = g_slist_remove(forced_cleanups, client);
462 free(client);
463 }
464
465 void
466 terminate_client(struct Client *client)
467 {
468 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: terminating client (pid %d)\n", client->qemu.vmid, client->pid);
469
470 client->state = STATE_TERMINATING;
471
472 // open a pidfd before kill for later cleanup
473 int pidfd = pidfd_open(client->pid, 0);
474 if (pidfd < 0) {
475 switch (errno) {
476 case ESRCH:
477 // process already dead for some reason, cleanup done
478 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: failed to open pidfd, process already dead (pid %d)\n",
479 client->qemu.vmid, client->pid);
480 return;
481
482 // otherwise fall back to just using the PID directly, but don't
483 // print if we only failed because we're running on an older kernel
484 case ENOSYS:
485 break;
486 default:
487 perror("failed to open QEMU pidfd for cleanup");
488 break;
489 }
490 }
491
492 // try to send a 'quit' command first, fallback to SIGTERM of the pid
493 static const char qmp_quit_command[] = "{\"execute\":\"quit\"}\n";
494 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: sending 'quit' via QMP\n", client->qemu.vmid);
495 if (!must_write(client->fd, qmp_quit_command, sizeof(qmp_quit_command) - 1)) {
496 VERBOSE_PRINT("%s: sending 'SIGTERM' to pid %d\n", client->qemu.vmid, client->pid);
497 int err = kill(client->pid, SIGTERM);
498 log_neg(err, "kill");
499 }
500
501 time_t timeout = time(NULL) + kill_timeout;
502
503 client->pidfd = pidfd;
504 client->timeout = timeout;
505
506 forced_cleanups = g_slist_prepend(forced_cleanups, (void *)client);
507 needs_cleanup = 1;
508 }
509
510 void
511 handle_client(struct Client *client)
512 {
513 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: entering handle\n", client->pid);
514 ssize_t len;
515 do {
516 len = read(client->fd, (client->buf+client->buflen),
517 sizeof(client->buf) - client->buflen);
518 } while (len < 0 && errno == EINTR);
519
520 if (len < 0) {
521 if (!(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK)) {
522 log_neg((int)len, "read");
523 cleanup_client(client);
524 }
525 return;
526 } else if (len == 0) {
527 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: got EOF\n", client->pid);
528 cleanup_client(client);
529 return;
530 }
531
532 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: read %ld bytes\n", client->pid, len);
533 client->buflen += len;
534
535 struct json_tokener *tok = json_tokener_new();
536 struct json_object *jobj = NULL;
537 enum json_tokener_error jerr = json_tokener_success;
538 while (jerr == json_tokener_success && client->buflen != 0) {
539 jobj = json_tokener_parse_ex(tok, client->buf, (int)client->buflen);
540 jerr = json_tokener_get_error(tok);
541 unsigned int offset = (unsigned int)tok->char_offset;
542 switch (jerr) {
543 case json_tokener_success:
544 // move rest from buffer to front
545 memmove(client->buf, client->buf + offset, client->buflen - offset);
546 client->buflen -= offset;
547 if (json_object_is_type(jobj, json_type_object)) {
548 struct json_object *obj;
549 if (json_object_object_get_ex(jobj, "QMP", &obj)) {
550 handle_qmp_handshake(client);
551 } else if (json_object_object_get_ex(jobj, "event", &obj)) {
552 handle_qmp_event(client, jobj);
553 } else if (json_object_object_get_ex(jobj, "return", &obj)) {
554 handle_qmp_return(client, obj, false);
555 } else if (json_object_object_get_ex(jobj, "error", &obj)) {
556 handle_qmp_return(client, obj, true);
557 } else if (json_object_object_get_ex(jobj, "vzdump", &obj)) {
558 handle_vzdump_handshake(client, obj);
559 } // else ignore message
560 }
561 break;
562 case json_tokener_continue:
563 if (client->buflen >= sizeof(client->buf)) {
564 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: msg too large, discarding buffer\n", client->pid);
565 memset(client->buf, 0, sizeof(client->buf));
566 client->buflen = 0;
567 } // else we have enough space try again after next read
568 break;
569 default:
570 VERBOSE_PRINT("pid%d: parse error: %d, discarding buffer\n", client->pid, jerr);
571 memset(client->buf, 0, client->buflen);
572 client->buflen = 0;
573 break;
574 }
575 json_object_put(jobj);
576 }
577 json_tokener_free(tok);
578 }
579
580 static void
581 sigkill(void *ptr, void *time_ptr)
582 {
583 struct Client *data = ptr;
584 int err;
585
586 if (data->timeout != 0 && data->timeout > *(time_t *)time_ptr) {
587 return;
588 }
589
590 if (data->pidfd > 0) {
591 err = pidfd_send_signal(data->pidfd, SIGKILL, NULL, 0);
592 (void)close(data->pidfd);
593 data->pidfd = -1;
594 } else {
595 err = kill(data->pid, SIGKILL);
596 }
597
598 if (err < 0) {
599 if (errno != ESRCH) {
600 fprintf(stderr, "SIGKILL cleanup of pid '%d' failed - %s\n",
601 data->pid, strerror(errno));
602 }
603 } else {
604 fprintf(stderr, "cleanup failed, terminating pid '%d' with SIGKILL\n",
605 data->pid);
606 }
607
608 data->timeout = 0;
609
610 // remove ourselves from the list
611 forced_cleanups = g_slist_remove(forced_cleanups, ptr);
612 }
613
614 static void
615 handle_forced_cleanup()
616 {
617 if (g_slist_length(forced_cleanups) > 0) {
618 VERBOSE_PRINT("clearing forced cleanup backlog\n");
619 time_t cur_time = time(NULL);
620 g_slist_foreach(forced_cleanups, sigkill, &cur_time);
621 }
622 needs_cleanup = g_slist_length(forced_cleanups) > 0;
623 }
624
625 int
626 main(int argc, char *argv[])
627 {
628 int opt;
629 int daemonize = 1;
630 char *socket_path = NULL;
631 progname = argv[0];
632
633 while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "hfvt:")) != -1) {
634 switch (opt) {
635 case 'f':
636 daemonize = 0;
637 break;
638 case 'v':
639 verbose = 1;
640 break;
641 case 't':
642 errno = 0;
643 char *endptr = NULL;
644 kill_timeout = strtoul(optarg, &endptr, 10);
645 if (errno != 0 || *endptr != '\0' || kill_timeout == 0) {
646 usage();
647 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
648 }
649 break;
650 case 'h':
651 usage();
652 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
653 break;
654 default:
655 usage();
656 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
657 }
658 }
659
660 if (optind >= argc) {
661 usage();
662 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
663 }
664
665 signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
666
667 socket_path = argv[optind];
668
669 int sock = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
670 bail_neg(sock, "socket");
671
672 struct sockaddr_un addr;
673 memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
674 addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
675 strncpy(addr.sun_path, socket_path, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
676
677 unlink(socket_path);
678 bail_neg(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)), "bind");
679
680 struct epoll_event ev, events[1];
681 epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
682 bail_neg(epoll_fd, "epoll_create1");
683
684 ev.events = EPOLLIN;
685 ev.data.fd = sock;
686 bail_neg(epoll_ctl(epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, sock, &ev), "epoll_ctl");
687
688 bail_neg(listen(sock, 10), "listen");
689
690 if (daemonize) {
691 bail_neg(daemon(0, 1), "daemon");
692 }
693
694 vm_clients = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, g_str_equal, free, NULL);
695
696 int nevents;
697
698 for(;;) {
699 nevents = epoll_wait(epoll_fd, events, 1, needs_cleanup ? 10*1000 : -1);
700 if (nevents < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
701 continue;
702 }
703 bail_neg(nevents, "epoll_wait");
704
705 for (int n = 0; n < nevents; n++) {
706 if (events[n].data.fd == sock) {
707
708 int conn_sock = accept4(sock, NULL, NULL, SOCK_NONBLOCK | SOCK_CLOEXEC);
709 log_neg(conn_sock, "accept");
710 if (conn_sock > -1) {
711 add_new_client(conn_sock);
712 }
713 } else {
714 handle_client((struct Client *)events[n].data.ptr);
715 }
716 }
717 handle_forced_cleanup();
718 }
719 }