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832b75ed | 1 | .ig |
34ad0c5f | 2 | Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen <smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net> |
832b75ed | 3 | |
2127e193 | 4 | $Id: smartd.8.in 2870 2009-08-02 20:38:30Z manfred99 $ |
832b75ed GG |
5 | |
6 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |
7 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
8 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) | |
9 | any later version. | |
10 | ||
11 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License (for | |
12 | example COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., | |
13 | 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. | |
14 | ||
15 | This code was originally developed as a Senior Thesis by Michael | |
16 | Cornwell at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory (now part of the Storage | |
17 | Systems Research Center), Jack Baskin School of Engineering, | |
18 | University of California, Santa Cruz. http://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/ | |
19 | .. | |
20 | .TH SMARTD 8 CURRENT_CVS_DATE CURRENT_CVS_VERSION CURRENT_CVS_DATE | |
21 | .SH NAME | |
22 | \fBsmartd\fP \- SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon | |
23 | ||
24 | .SH SYNOPSIS | |
25 | .B smartd [options] | |
26 | ||
27 | .SH FULL PATH | |
28 | .B /usr/local/sbin/smartd | |
29 | ||
30 | .SH PACKAGE VERSION | |
31 | CURRENT_CVS_VERSION released CURRENT_CVS_DATE at CURRENT_CVS_TIME | |
32 | ||
33 | .SH DESCRIPTION | |
34 | \fBsmartd\fP is a daemon that monitors the Self-Monitoring, Analysis | |
35 | and Reporting Technology (SMART) system built into many ATA-3 and | |
36 | later ATA, IDE and SCSI-3 hard drives. The purpose of SMART is to | |
37 | monitor the reliability of the hard drive and predict drive failures, | |
38 | and to carry out different types of drive self-tests. This version of | |
39 | \fBsmartd\fP is compatible with ATA/ATAPI-7 and earlier standards (see | |
40 | \fBREFERENCES\fP below). | |
41 | ||
42 | \fBsmartd\fP will attempt to enable SMART monitoring on ATA devices | |
43 | (equivalent to \fBsmartctl -s on\fP) and polls these and SCSI devices | |
44 | every 30 minutes (configurable), logging SMART errors and changes of | |
45 | SMART Attributes via the SYSLOG interface. The default location for | |
46 | these SYSLOG notifications and warnings is \fB/var/log/messages\fP. | |
47 | To change this default location, please see the \fB\'-l\'\fP | |
48 | command-line option described below. | |
49 | ||
50 | In addition to logging to a file, \fBsmartd\fP can also be configured | |
51 | to send email warnings if problems are detected. Depending upon the | |
52 | type of problem, you may want to run self\-tests on the disk, back up | |
53 | the disk, replace the disk, or use a manufacturer\'s utility to force | |
54 | reallocation of bad or unreadable disk sectors. If disk problems are | |
55 | detected, please see the \fBsmartctl\fP manual page and the | |
56 | \fBsmartmontools\fP web page/FAQ for further guidance. | |
57 | ||
58 | If you send a \fBUSR1\fP signal to \fBsmartd\fP it will immediately | |
59 | check the status of the disks, and then return to polling the disks | |
60 | every 30 minutes. See the \fB\'\-i\'\fP option below for additional | |
61 | details. | |
62 | ||
63 | \fBsmartd\fP can be configured at start-up using the configuration | |
64 | file \fB/usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\fP (Windows: \fB./smartd.conf\fP). | |
65 | If the configuration file is subsequently modified, \fBsmartd\fP | |
66 | can be told to re-read the configuration file by sending it a | |
67 | \fBHUP\fP signal, for example with the command: | |
68 | .fi | |
69 | \fBkillall -HUP smartd\fP. | |
70 | .fi | |
71 | (Windows: See NOTES below.) | |
72 | ||
73 | On startup, if \fBsmartd\fP finds a syntax error in the configuration | |
74 | file, it will print an error message and then exit. However if | |
75 | \fBsmartd\fP is already running, then is told with a \fBHUP\fP signal | |
76 | to re-read the configuration file, and then find a syntax error in | |
77 | this file, it will print an error message and then continue, ignoring | |
78 | the contents of the (faulty) configuration file, as if the \fBHUP\fP | |
79 | signal had never been received. | |
80 | ||
81 | When \fBsmartd\fP is running in debug mode, the \fBINT\fP signal | |
82 | (normally generated from a shell with CONTROL\-C) is treated in the | |
83 | same way as a \fBHUP\fP signal: it makes \fBsmartd\fP reload its | |
84 | configuration file. To exit \fBsmartd\fP use CONTROL-\e | |
85 | (Cygwin: 2x CONTROL\-C, Windows: CONTROL\-Break). | |
86 | ||
87 | On startup, in the absence of the configuration file | |
88 | \fB/usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\fP, the \fBsmartd\fP daemon first scans for all | |
89 | devices that support SMART. The scanning is done as follows: | |
90 | .IP \fBLINUX:\fP 9 | |
91 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/hd[a-t]"\fP for IDE/ATA | |
92 | devices, and \fB"/dev/sd[a-z]"\fP for SCSI devices. | |
93 | .IP \fBFREEBSD:\fP 9 | |
94 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/ad[0-9]+"\fP for IDE/ATA | |
95 | devices and \fB"/dev/da[0-9]+"\fP for SCSI devices. | |
96 | .IP \fBNETBSD/OPENBSD:\fP 9 | |
97 | Authoritative list of disk devices is obtained from sysctl | |
98 | \'hw.disknames\'. | |
99 | .IP \fBSOLARIS:\fP 9 | |
100 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/rdsk/c?t?d?s?"\fP for IDE/ATA and SCSI disk | |
101 | devices, and entries \fB"/dev/rmt/*"\fP for SCSI tape devices. | |
102 | .IP \fBDARWIN:\fP 9 | |
103 | The IOService plane is scanned for ATA block storage devices. | |
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104 | .IP \fBWINDOWS\ 9x/ME\fP: 9 |
105 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/hd[a-d]"\fP (bitmask | |
106 | from "\\\\.\\SMARTVSD") for IDE/ATA devices. | |
107 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/scsi[0\-9][0\-f]"\fP for SCSI devices | |
ba59cff1 | 108 | on ASPI adapter 0\-9, ID 0\-15. |
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109 | .IP \fBWINDOWS\ NT4/2000/XP/2003/Vista\fP: 9 |
110 | Examine all entries \fB"/dev/sd[a-j]"\fP ("\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive[0-9]") | |
111 | for IDE/(S)ATA and SCSI disk devices | |
112 | ||
4d59bff9 | 113 | If a 3ware 9000 controller is installed, examine all entries |
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114 | \fB"/dev/sdX,N"\fP for the first logical drive (\'unit\' |
115 | \fB"/dev/sdX"\fP) and all physical disks (\'ports\' \fB",N"\fP) | |
4d59bff9 | 116 | detected behind this controller. Same for a second controller if present. |
832b75ed | 117 | .IP \fBCYGWIN\fP: 9 |
a37e7145 | 118 | See "WINDOWS NT4/2000/XP/2003/Vista" above. |
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119 | .IP \fBOS/2,eComStation\fP: 9 |
120 | Use the form \fB"/dev/hd[a\-z]"\fP for IDE/ATA devices. | |
121 | .PP | |
122 | \fBsmartd\fP then monitors | |
123 | for \fIall\fP possible SMART errors (corresponding to the \fB\'\-a\'\fP | |
124 | Directive in the configuration file; see \fBCONFIGURATION FILE\fP | |
125 | below). | |
126 | ||
127 | .SH | |
128 | OPTIONS | |
129 | Long options are not supported on all systems. Use \fB\'smartd | |
130 | \-h\'\fP to see the available options. | |
2127e193 | 131 | |
832b75ed | 132 | .TP |
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133 | .B \-A PREFIX, \-\-attributelog=PREFIX |
134 | [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] [ATA ONLY] | |
135 | Writes \fBsmartd\fP attribute information (normalized and raw attribute values) | |
136 | to files \'PREFIX\'\'MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.csv\'. At each check cycle attributes | |
137 | are logged as a line of semicolon separated triplets of the form | |
138 | "attribute-ID;attribute-norm-value;attribute-raw-value;". Each line is | |
139 | led by a date string of the form "yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS" (in UTC). | |
140 | ||
141 | .\" BEGIN ENABLE_ATTRIBUTELOG | |
142 | If this option is not specified, attribute information is written to files | |
143 | \'/usr/local/var/lib/smartmontools/attrlog.MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.csv\'. | |
144 | To disable attribute log files, specify this option with an empty string | |
145 | argument: \'-A ""\'. | |
146 | .\" END ENABLE_ATTRIBUTELOG | |
147 | MODEL and SERIAL are build from drive identify information, invalid | |
148 | characters are replaced by underline. | |
149 | ||
150 | If the PREFIX has the form \'/path/dir/\' (e.g. \'/var/lib/smartd/\'), then | |
151 | files \'MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.csv\' are created in directory \'/path/dir\'. | |
152 | If the PREFIX has the form \'/path/name\' (e.g. \'/var/lib/misc/attrlog\-\'), | |
153 | then files 'nameMODEL\-SERIAL.ata.csv' are created in directory '/path/'. | |
154 | The path must be absolute, except if debug mode is enabled. | |
832b75ed | 155 | |
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156 | .TP |
157 | .B \-B [+]FILE, \-\-drivedb=[+]FILE | |
158 | [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] Read the drive database from FILE. | |
159 | The new database replaces the built in database by default. If \'+\' is | |
160 | specified, then the new entries prepend the built in entries. | |
161 | Please see the \fBsmartctl\fP man page for further details. | |
162 | ||
163 | .TP | |
164 | .B \-c FILE, \-\-configfile=FILE | |
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165 | Read \fBsmartd\fP configuration Directives from FILE, instead of from |
166 | the default location \fB/usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\fP (Windows: \fB./smartd.conf\fP). | |
167 | If FILE does \fBnot\fP exist, then \fBsmartd\fP will print an error | |
168 | message and exit with nonzero status. Thus, \'\-c /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\' | |
169 | can be used to verify the existence of the default configuration file. | |
170 | ||
171 | By using \'\-\' for FILE, the configuration is read from standard | |
172 | input. This is useful for commands like: | |
173 | .nf | |
174 | .B echo /dev/hdb \-m user@home \-M test | smartd \-c \- \-q onecheck | |
175 | .fi | |
176 | to perform quick and simple checks without a configuration file. | |
177 | ||
178 | .TP | |
179 | .B \-d, \-\-debug | |
180 | Runs \fBsmartd\fP in "debug" mode. In this mode, it displays status | |
181 | information to STDOUT rather than logging it to SYSLOG and does not | |
182 | \fBfork(2)\fP into the background and detach from the controlling | |
183 | terminal. In this mode, \fBsmartd\fP also prints more verbose | |
184 | information about what it is doing than when operating in "daemon" | |
185 | mode. In this mode, the \fBQUIT\fP signal (normally generated from a | |
186 | terminal with CONTROL\-C) makes \fBsmartd\fP reload its configuration | |
187 | file. Please use CONTROL-\e to exit | |
188 | (Cygwin: 2x CONTROL\-C, Windows: CONTROL\-Break). | |
189 | ||
190 | Windows only: The "debug" mode can be toggled by the command | |
191 | \fBsmartd sigusr2\fP. A new console for debug output is opened when | |
192 | debug mode is enabled. | |
193 | .TP | |
194 | .B \-D, \-\-showdirectives | |
195 | Prints a list (to STDOUT) of all the possible Directives which may | |
196 | appear in the configuration file /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf, and then exits. | |
197 | These Directives are also described later in this man page. They may | |
198 | appear in the configuration file following the device name. | |
199 | .TP | |
200 | .B \-h, \-\-help, \-\-usage | |
201 | Prints usage message to STDOUT and exits. | |
2127e193 | 202 | |
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203 | .TP |
204 | .B \-i N, \-\-interval=N | |
205 | Sets the interval between disk checks to \fIN\fP seconds, where | |
206 | \fIN\fP is a decimal integer. The minimum allowed value is ten and | |
207 | the maximum is the largest positive integer that can be represented on | |
208 | your system (often 2^31-1). The default is 1800 seconds. | |
209 | ||
210 | Note that the superuser can make \fBsmartd\fP check the status of the | |
211 | disks at any time by sending it the \fBSIGUSR1\fP signal, for example | |
212 | with the command: | |
213 | .nf | |
214 | .B kill -SIGUSR1 <pid> | |
215 | .fi | |
216 | where \fB<pid>\fP is the process id number of \fBsmartd\fP. One may | |
217 | also use: | |
218 | .nf | |
219 | .B killall -USR1 smartd | |
220 | .fi | |
221 | for the same purpose. | |
222 | .fi | |
223 | (Windows: See NOTES below.) | |
224 | ||
225 | .TP | |
226 | .B \-l FACILITY, \-\-logfacility=FACILITY | |
227 | Uses syslog facility FACILITY to log the messages from \fBsmartd\fP. | |
228 | Here FACILITY is one of \fIlocal0\fP, \fIlocal1\fP, ..., \fIlocal7\fP, | |
229 | or \fIdaemon\fP [default]. If this command-line option is not used, | |
230 | then by default messages from \fBsmartd\fP are logged to the facility | |
231 | \fIdaemon\fP. | |
232 | ||
233 | If you would like to have \fBsmartd\fP messages logged somewhere other | |
234 | than the default \fB/var/log/messages\fP location, this can typically | |
235 | be accomplished with (for example) the following steps: | |
236 | .RS 7 | |
237 | .IP \fB[1]\fP 4 | |
238 | Modify the script that starts \fBsmartd\fP to include the \fBsmartd\fP | |
239 | command-line argument \'\-l local3\'. This tells \fBsmartd\fP to log its | |
240 | messages to facility \fBlocal3\fP. | |
241 | .IP \fB[2]\fP 4 | |
242 | Modify the \fBsyslogd\fP configuration file (typically | |
243 | \fB/etc/syslog.conf\fP) by adding a line of the form: | |
244 | .nf | |
245 | \fBlocal3.* /var/log/smartd.log\fP | |
246 | .fi | |
247 | This tells \fBsyslogd\fP to log all the messages from facility \fBlocal3\fP to | |
248 | the designated file: /var/log/smartd.log. | |
249 | .IP \fB[3]\fP 4 | |
250 | Tell \fBsyslogd\fP to re-read its configuration file, typically by | |
251 | sending the \fBsyslogd\fP process a \fBSIGHUP\fP hang-up signal. | |
252 | .IP \fB[4]\fP 4 | |
253 | Start (or restart) the \fBsmartd\fP daemon. | |
254 | .RE | |
255 | .\" The following two lines are a workaround for a man2html bug. Please leave them. | |
256 | .\" They define a non-existent option; useful because man2html can't correctly reset the margins. | |
257 | .TP | |
258 | .B \& | |
259 | For more detailed information, please refer to the man pages for | |
260 | \fBsyslog.conf\fP, \fBsyslogd\fP, and \fBsyslog\fP. You may also want | |
261 | to modify the log rotation configuration files; see the man pages for | |
262 | \fBlogrotate\fP and examine your system\'s /etc/logrotate.conf file. | |
263 | ||
264 | Cygwin: Support for \fBsyslogd\fP as described above is available starting with Cygwin 1.5.15. | |
265 | On older releases or if no local \fBsyslogd\fP is running, the \'\-l\' option has no effect. | |
266 | In this case, all \fBsyslog\fP messages are written to Windows event log | |
267 | or to file \fBC:/CYGWIN_SYSLOG.TXT\fP if the event log is not available. | |
268 | ||
269 | Windows: Some \fBsyslog\fP functionality is implemented | |
270 | internally in \fBsmartd\fP as follows: If no \'\-l\' option | |
271 | (or \'\-l daemon\') is specified, messages are written to Windows | |
272 | event log or to file \fB./smartd.log\fP if event log is not available | |
273 | (Win9x/ME or access denied). By specifying other values of FACILITY, | |
274 | log output is redirected as follows: | |
275 | \'\-l local0\' to file \fB./smartd.log\fP, | |
276 | \'\-l local1\' to standard output (redirect with \'>\' to any file), | |
277 | \'\-l local2\' to standard error, | |
278 | \'\-l local[3-7]\': to file \fB./smartd[1-5].log\fP. | |
279 | ||
280 | When using the event log, the enclosed utility \fBsyslogevt.exe\fP | |
281 | should be registered as an event message file to avoid error | |
282 | messages from the event viewer. Use \'\fBsyslogevt -r smartd\fP\' | |
283 | to register, \'\fBsyslogevt -u smartd\fP\' to unregister and | |
284 | \'\fBsyslogevt\fP\' for more help. | |
285 | ||
a37e7145 GG |
286 | .TP |
287 | .B \-n, \-\-no\-fork | |
288 | Do not fork into background; this is useful when executed from modern | |
289 | init methods like initng, minit or supervise. | |
290 | ||
291 | On Cygwin, this allows running \fBsmartd\fP as service via cygrunsrv, | |
292 | see NOTES below. | |
293 | ||
294 | On Windows, this option is not available, use \'\-\-service\' instead. | |
295 | ||
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296 | .TP |
297 | .B \-p NAME, \-\-pidfile=NAME | |
298 | Writes pidfile \fINAME\fP containing the \fBsmartd\fP Process ID | |
299 | number (PID). To avoid symlink attacks make sure the directory to | |
300 | which pidfile is written is only writable for root. Without this | |
301 | option, or if the \-\-debug option is given, no PID file is written on | |
302 | startup. If \fBsmartd\fP is killed with a maskable signal then the | |
303 | pidfile is removed. | |
304 | .TP | |
305 | .B \-q WHEN, \-\-quit=WHEN | |
306 | Specifies when, if ever, \fBsmartd\fP should exit. The valid | |
307 | arguments are to this option are: | |
308 | ||
309 | .I nodev | |
310 | \- Exit if there are no devices to monitor, or if any errors are found | |
311 | at startup in the configuration file. This is the default. | |
312 | ||
313 | .I errors | |
314 | \- Exit if there are no devices to monitor, or if any errors are found | |
315 | in the configuration file /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf at startup or whenever it | |
316 | is reloaded. | |
317 | ||
318 | .I nodevstartup | |
319 | \- Exit if there are no devices to monitor at startup. But continue | |
320 | to run if no devices are found whenever the configuration file is | |
321 | reloaded. | |
322 | ||
323 | .I never | |
324 | \- Only exit if a fatal error occurs (no remaining system memory, | |
325 | invalid command line arguments). In this mode, even if there are no | |
326 | devices to monitor, or if the configuration file | |
327 | \fB/usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\fP has errors, \fBsmartd\fP will continue to run, | |
328 | waiting to load a configuration file listing valid devices. | |
329 | ||
330 | .I onecheck | |
331 | \- Start \fBsmartd\fP in debug mode, then register devices, then check | |
332 | device\'s SMART status once, and then exit with zero exit status if all | |
333 | of these steps worked correctly. | |
334 | ||
335 | This last option is intended for \'distribution-writers\' who want to | |
336 | create automated scripts to determine whether or not to automatically | |
337 | start up \fBsmartd\fP after installing smartmontools. After starting | |
338 | \fBsmartd\fP with this command-line option, the distribution\'s install | |
339 | scripts should wait a reasonable length of time (say ten seconds). If | |
340 | \fBsmartd\fP has not exited with zero status by that time, the script | |
341 | should send \fBsmartd\fP a SIGTERM or SIGKILL and assume that | |
342 | \fBsmartd\fP will not operate correctly on the host. Conversely, if | |
343 | \fBsmartd\fP exits with zero status, then it is safe to run | |
344 | \fBsmartd\fP in normal daemon mode. If \fBsmartd\fP is unable to | |
345 | monitor any devices or encounters other problems then it will return | |
346 | with non-zero exit status. | |
347 | ||
348 | .I showtests | |
349 | \- Start \fBsmartd\fP in debug mode, then register devices, then write | |
350 | a list of future scheduled self tests to stdout, and then exit with zero | |
351 | exit status if all of these steps worked correctly. | |
352 | Device's SMART status is not checked. | |
353 | ||
354 | This option is intended to test whether the '-s REGEX' directives in | |
355 | smartd.conf will have the desired effect. The output lists the next test | |
356 | schedules, limited to 5 tests per type and device. This is followed by a | |
357 | summary of all tests of each device within the next 90 days. | |
358 | .TP | |
359 | .B \-r TYPE, \-\-report=TYPE | |
360 | Intended primarily to help | |
361 | .B smartmontools | |
362 | developers understand the behavior of | |
363 | .B smartmontools | |
364 | on non-conforming or poorly-conforming hardware. This option reports | |
365 | details of | |
366 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
367 | transactions with the device. The option can be used multiple times. | |
368 | When used just once, it shows a record of the ioctl() transactions | |
369 | with the device. When used more than once, the detail of these ioctl() | |
370 | transactions are reported in greater detail. The valid arguments to | |
371 | this option are: | |
372 | ||
373 | .I ioctl | |
374 | \- report all ioctl() transactions. | |
375 | ||
376 | .I ataioctl | |
377 | \- report only ioctl() transactions with ATA devices. | |
378 | ||
379 | .I scsiioctl | |
380 | \- report only ioctl() transactions with SCSI devices. | |
381 | ||
382 | Any argument may include a positive integer to specify the level of | |
383 | detail that should be reported. The argument should be followed by a | |
384 | comma then the integer with no spaces. For example, \fIataioctl,2\fP | |
385 | The default level is 1, so \'\-r ataioctl,1\' and \'\-r ataioctl\' are | |
386 | equivalent. | |
387 | ||
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388 | .TP |
389 | .B \-s PREFIX, \-\-savestates=PREFIX | |
390 | [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] [ATA ONLY] | |
391 | Reads/writes \fBsmartd\fP state information from/to files | |
392 | \'PREFIX\'\'MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.state\'. This preserves SMART attributes, drive | |
393 | min and max temperatures (\-W directive), info about last sent warning email | |
394 | (\-m directive), and the time of next check of the self-test REGEXP | |
395 | (\-s directive) across boot cycles. | |
396 | ||
397 | .\" BEGIN ENABLE_SAVESTATES | |
398 | If this option is not specified, state information is maintained in files | |
399 | \'/usr/local/var/lib/smartmontools/smartd.MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.state\'. | |
400 | To disable state files, specify this option with an empty string | |
401 | argument: \'-s ""\'. | |
402 | .\" END ENABLE_SAVESTATES | |
403 | MODEL and SERIAL are build from drive identify information, invalid | |
404 | characters are replaced by underline. | |
405 | ||
406 | If the PREFIX has the form \'/path/dir/\' (e.g. \'/var/lib/smartd/\'), then | |
407 | files \'MODEL\-SERIAL.ata.state\' are created in directory \'/path/dir\'. | |
408 | If the PREFIX has the form \'/path/name\' (e.g. \'/var/lib/misc/smartd\-\'), | |
409 | then files 'nameMODEL\-SERIAL.ata.state' are created in directory '/path/'. | |
410 | The path must be absolute, except if debug mode is enabled. | |
411 | ||
412 | The state information files are read on smartd startup. The files are | |
413 | always (re)written after reading the configuration file, before rereading | |
414 | the configuration file (SIGHUP), before smartd shutdown, and after a check | |
415 | forced by SIGUSR1. After a normal check cycle, a file is only rewritten if | |
416 | an important change (which usually results in a SYSLOG output) occurred. | |
417 | ||
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418 | .TP |
419 | .B \-\-service | |
420 | Cygwin and Windows only: Enables \fBsmartd\fP to run as a Windows service. | |
421 | ||
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422 | On Cygwin, this option is kept for backward compatibility only. |
423 | It has the same effect as \'\-n, \-\-no\-fork\', see above. | |
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424 | |
425 | On Windows, this option enables the buildin service support. | |
426 | The option must be specified in the service command line as the first | |
427 | argument. It should not be used from console. | |
428 | See NOTES below for details. | |
429 | ||
430 | .TP | |
431 | .B \-V, \-\-version, \-\-license, \-\-copyright | |
2127e193 GI |
432 | Prints version, copyright, license, home page and SVN revision |
433 | information for your copy of \fBsmartd\fP to STDOUT and then exits. | |
434 | Please include this information if you are reporting bugs or problems. | |
832b75ed GG |
435 | |
436 | .SH EXAMPLES | |
437 | ||
438 | .B | |
439 | smartd | |
440 | .fi | |
441 | Runs the daemon in forked mode. This is the normal way to run | |
442 | \fBsmartd\fP. | |
443 | Entries are logged to SYSLOG (by default | |
444 | .B /var/log/messages.) | |
445 | ||
446 | .B | |
447 | smartd -d -i 30 | |
448 | .fi | |
449 | Run in foreground (debug) mode, checking the disk status | |
450 | every 30 seconds. | |
451 | ||
452 | .B | |
453 | smartd -q onecheck | |
454 | .fi | |
455 | Registers devices, and checks the status of the devices exactly | |
456 | once. The exit status (the bash | |
457 | .B $? | |
458 | variable) will be zero if all went well, and nonzero if no devices | |
459 | were detected or some other problem was encountered. | |
460 | ||
461 | .fi | |
462 | Note that \fBsmartmontools\fP provides a start-up script in | |
463 | \fB/usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/smartd\fP which is responsible for starting and | |
464 | stopping the daemon via the normal init interface. Using this script, | |
465 | you can start \fBsmartd\fP by giving the command: | |
466 | .nf | |
467 | .B /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/smartd start | |
468 | .fi | |
469 | and stop it by using the command: | |
470 | .nf | |
471 | .B /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/smartd stop | |
472 | ||
473 | .fi | |
474 | If you want \fBsmartd\fP to start running whenever your machine is | |
475 | booted, this can be enabled by using the command: | |
476 | .nf | |
477 | .B /sbin/chkconfig --add smartd | |
478 | .fi | |
479 | and disabled using the command: | |
480 | .nf | |
481 | .B /sbin/chkconfig --del smartd | |
482 | .fi | |
483 | ||
484 | .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS OR THE FOLLOWING TWO LINES. THIS MATERIAL | |
485 | .\" IS AUTOMATICALLY INCLUDED IN THE FILE smartd.conf.5 | |
486 | .\" STARTINCLUDE | |
487 | ||
488 | .SH CONFIGURATION FILE /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf | |
489 | In the absence of a configuration file, under Linux | |
490 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
491 | will try to open the 20 ATA devices | |
492 | .B /dev/hd[a-t] | |
493 | and the 26 SCSI devices | |
494 | .B /dev/sd[a-z]. | |
495 | Under FreeBSD, | |
496 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
497 | will try to open all existing ATA devices (with entries in /dev) | |
498 | .B /dev/ad[0-9]+ | |
499 | and all existing SCSI devices | |
500 | .B /dev/da[0-9]+. | |
501 | Under NetBSD/OpenBSD, | |
502 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
503 | will try to open all existing ATA devices (with entries in /dev) | |
504 | .B /dev/wd[0-9]+c | |
505 | and all existing SCSI devices | |
506 | .B /dev/sd[0-9]+c. | |
507 | Under Solaris \fBsmartd\fP will try to open all entries \fB"/dev/rdsk/c?t?d?s?"\fP for IDE/ATA and SCSI disk | |
508 | devices, and entries \fB"/dev/rmt/*"\fP for SCSI tape devices. | |
509 | Under Windows \fBsmartd\fP will try to open all entries \fB"/dev/hd[a-j]"\fP ("\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive[0-9]") | |
510 | for IDE/ATA devices on WinNT4/2000/XP, \fB"/dev/hd[a-d]"\fP | |
511 | (bitmask from "\\\\.\\SMARTVSD") for IDE/ATA devices on Win95/98/98SE/ME, | |
512 | and \fB"/dev/scsi[0-9][0-7]"\fP (ASPI adapter 0-9, ID 0-7) for SCSI | |
513 | devices on all versions of Windows. | |
514 | Under Darwin, \fBsmartd\fP will open any ATA block storage device. | |
515 | ||
516 | This can be annoying if you have an ATA or SCSI device that hangs or | |
517 | misbehaves when receiving SMART commands. Even if this causes no | |
518 | problems, you may be annoyed by the string of error log messages about | |
519 | block-major devices that can\'t be found, and SCSI devices that can\'t | |
520 | be opened. | |
521 | ||
522 | One can avoid this problem, and gain more control over the types of | |
523 | events monitored by | |
524 | \fBsmartd\fP, | |
525 | by using the configuration file | |
526 | .B /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf. | |
527 | This file contains a list of devices to monitor, with one device per | |
528 | line. An example file is included with the | |
529 | .B smartmontools | |
530 | distribution. You will find this sample configuration file in | |
531 | \fB/usr/local/share/doc/smartmontools-5.1/\fP. For security, the configuration file | |
532 | should not be writable by anyone but root. The syntax of the file is as | |
533 | follows: | |
534 | .IP \(bu 4 | |
535 | There should be one device listed per line, although you may have | |
536 | lines that are entirely comments or white space. | |
537 | .IP \(bu 4 | |
538 | Any text following a hash sign \'#\' and up to the end of the line is | |
539 | taken to be a comment, and ignored. | |
540 | .IP \(bu 4 | |
541 | Lines may be continued by using a backslash \'\e\' as the last | |
542 | non-whitespace or non-comment item on a line. | |
543 | .IP \(bu 4 | |
544 | Note: a line whose first character is a hash sign \'#\' is treated as | |
545 | a white-space blank line, \fBnot\fP as a non-existent line, and will | |
546 | \fBend\fP a continuation line. | |
547 | .PP 0 | |
548 | .fi | |
549 | Here is an example configuration file. It\'s for illustrative purposes | |
550 | only; please don\'t copy it onto your system without reading to the end | |
551 | of the | |
552 | .B DIRECTIVES | |
553 | Section below! | |
554 | ||
555 | .nf | |
556 | .B ################################################ | |
557 | .B # This is an example smartd startup config file | |
558 | .B # /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf for monitoring three | |
559 | .B # ATA disks, three SCSI disks, six ATA disks | |
4d59bff9 | 560 | .B # behind two 3ware controllers, three SATA disks |
2127e193 GI |
561 | .B # directly connected to the HighPoint Rocket- |
562 | .B # RAID controller, two SATA disks connected to | |
563 | .B # the HighPoint RocketRAID controller via a pmport | |
564 | .B # device, four SATA disks connected to an Areca | |
565 | .B # RAID controller, and one SATA disk. | |
832b75ed GG |
566 | .B # |
567 | .nf | |
568 | .B # First ATA disk on two different interfaces. On | |
569 | .B # the second disk, start a long self-test every | |
570 | .B # Sunday between 3 and 4 am. | |
571 | .B # | |
572 | .B \ \ /dev/hda -a -m admin@example.com,root@localhost | |
573 | .B \ \ /dev/hdc -a -I 194 -I 5 -i 12 -s L/../../7/03 | |
574 | .B # | |
575 | .nf | |
576 | .B # SCSI disks. Send a TEST warning email to admin on | |
577 | .B # startup. | |
578 | .B # | |
579 | .B \ \ /dev/sda | |
580 | .B \ \ /dev/sdb -m admin@example.com -M test | |
581 | .B # | |
582 | .nf | |
583 | .B # Strange device. It\'s SCSI. Start a scheduled | |
584 | .B # long self test between 5 and 6 am Monday/Thursday | |
585 | .B \ \ /dev/weird -d scsi -s L/../../(1|4)/05 | |
586 | .B # | |
587 | .nf | |
9ebc753d GG |
588 | .B # An ATA disk may appear as a SCSI device to the |
589 | .B # OS. If a SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) layer | |
590 | .B # is between the OS and the device then this can be | |
591 | .B # flagged with the '-d sat' option. This situation | |
592 | .B # may become common with SATA disks in SAS and FC | |
593 | .B # environments. | |
594 | .B \ \ /dev/sda -a -d sat | |
832b75ed GG |
595 | .B # |
596 | .nf | |
2127e193 GI |
597 | .B # Three disks connected to a MegaRAID controller |
598 | .B # Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and | |
599 | .B # 3-4 am. | |
600 | .B \ \ /dev/sda -d megaraid,0 -a -s S/../.././01 | |
601 | .B \ \ /dev/sda -d megaraid,1 -a -s S/../.././02 | |
602 | .B \ \ /dev/sda -d megaraid,2 -a -s S/../.././03 | |
603 | .B | |
604 | .B # | |
605 | .nf | |
832b75ed GG |
606 | .B # Four ATA disks on a 3ware 6/7/8000 controller. |
607 | .B # Start short self-tests daily between midnight and 1am, | |
608 | .B # 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4 am. Starting with the Linux 2.6 | |
609 | .B # kernel series, /dev/sdX is deprecated in favor of | |
610 | .B # /dev/tweN. For example replace /dev/sdc by /dev/twe0 | |
611 | .B # and /dev/sdd by /dev/twe1. | |
612 | .B \ \ /dev/sdc -d 3ware,0 -a -s S/../.././00 | |
613 | .B \ \ /dev/sdc -d 3ware,1 -a -s S/../.././01 | |
614 | .B \ \ /dev/sdd -d 3ware,2 -a -s S/../.././02 | |
615 | .B \ \ /dev/sdd -d 3ware,3 -a -s S/../.././03 | |
616 | .B # | |
617 | .nf | |
618 | .B # Two ATA disks on a 3ware 9000 controller. | |
619 | .B # Start long self-tests Sundays between midnight and | |
620 | .B # 1am and 2-3 am | |
621 | .B \ \ /dev/twa0 -d 3ware,0 -a -s L/../../7/00 | |
622 | .B \ \ /dev/twa0 -d 3ware,1 -a -s L/../../7/02 | |
623 | .B # | |
624 | .nf | |
2127e193 | 625 | .B # Three SATA disks on a HighPoint RocketRAID controller. |
4d59bff9 GG |
626 | .B # Start short self-tests daily between 1-2, 2-3, and |
627 | .B # 3-4 am. | |
2127e193 | 628 | .B # under Linux |
4d59bff9 GG |
629 | .B \ \ /dev/sde -d hpt,1/1 -a -s S/../.././01 |
630 | .B \ \ /dev/sde -d hpt,1/2 -a -s S/../.././02 | |
631 | .B \ \ /dev/sde -d hpt,1/3 -a -s S/../.././03 | |
2127e193 GI |
632 | .B # or under FreeBSD |
633 | .B # /dev/hptrr -d hpt,1/1 -a -s S/../.././01 | |
634 | .B # /dev/hptrr -d hpt,1/2 -a -s S/../.././02 | |
635 | .B # /dev/hptrr -d hpt,1/3 -a -s S/../.././03 | |
4d59bff9 GG |
636 | .B # |
637 | .nf | |
2127e193 | 638 | .B # Two SATA disks connected to a HighPoint RocketRAID |
4d59bff9 | 639 | .B # via a pmport device. Start long self-tests Sundays |
9ebc753d | 640 | .B # between midnight and 1am and 2-3 am. |
2127e193 | 641 | .B # under Linux |
4d59bff9 GG |
642 | .B \ \ /dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/1 -a -s L/../../7/00 |
643 | .B \ \ /dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/2 -a -s L/../../7/02 | |
2127e193 GI |
644 | .B # or under FreeBSD |
645 | .B # /dev/hptrr -d hpt,1/4/1 -a -s L/../../7/00 | |
646 | .B # /dev/hptrr -d hpt,1/4/2 -a -s L/../../7/02 | |
647 | .B # | |
648 | .nf | |
649 | .B # Three SATA disks connected to an Areca | |
650 | .B # RAID controller. Start long self-tests Sundays | |
651 | .B # between midnight and 3 am. | |
652 | .B \ \ /dev/sg2 -d areca,1 -a -s L/../../7/00 | |
653 | .B \ \ /dev/sg2 -d areca,2 -a -s L/../../7/01 | |
654 | .B \ \ /dev/sg2 -d areca,3 -a -s L/../../7/02 | |
4d59bff9 GG |
655 | .B # |
656 | .nf | |
832b75ed GG |
657 | .B # The following line enables monitoring of the |
658 | .B # ATA Error Log and the Self-Test Error Log. | |
659 | .B # It also tracks changes in both Prefailure | |
660 | .B # and Usage Attributes, apart from Attributes | |
661 | .B # 9, 194, and 231, and shows continued lines: | |
662 | .B # | |
663 | .B \ \ /dev/hdd\ -l\ error\ \e | |
664 | .B \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -l\ selftest\ \e | |
665 | .B \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -t\ \e\ \ \ \ \ \ # Attributes not tracked: | |
666 | .B \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -I\ 194\ \e\ \ # temperature | |
667 | .B \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -I\ 231\ \e\ \ # also temperature | |
668 | .B \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ -I 9\ \ \ \ \ \ # power-on hours | |
669 | .B # | |
670 | .B ################################################ | |
671 | .fi | |
672 | ||
673 | .PP | |
674 | .SH CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES | |
675 | .PP | |
676 | ||
677 | If the first non-comment entry in the configuration file is the text | |
678 | string | |
679 | .B DEVICESCAN | |
680 | in capital letters, then | |
681 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
682 | will ignore any remaining lines in the configuration file, and will | |
683 | scan for devices. | |
684 | .B DEVICESCAN | |
685 | may optionally be followed by Directives that will apply to all | |
686 | devices that are found in the scan. Please see below for additional | |
687 | details. | |
688 | ||
689 | .sp 2 | |
690 | The following are the Directives that may appear following the device | |
691 | name or | |
692 | .B DEVICESCAN | |
693 | on any line of the | |
694 | .B /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf | |
695 | configuration file. Note that | |
696 | .B these are NOT command-line options for | |
697 | \fBsmartd\fP. | |
698 | The Directives below may appear in any order, following the device | |
699 | name. | |
700 | ||
701 | .B For an ATA device, | |
702 | if no Directives appear, then the device will be monitored | |
703 | as if the \'\-a\' Directive (monitor all SMART properties) had been given. | |
704 | ||
705 | .B If a SCSI disk is listed, | |
706 | it will be monitored at the maximum implemented level: roughly | |
707 | equivalent to using the \'\-H \-l selftest\' options for an ATA disk. | |
708 | So with the exception of \'\-d\', \'\-m\', \'\-l selftest\', \'\-s\', and | |
709 | \'\-M\', the Directives below are ignored for SCSI disks. For SCSI | |
710 | disks, the \'\-m\' Directive sends a warning email if the SMART status | |
711 | indicates a disk failure or problem, if the SCSI inquiry about disk | |
712 | status fails, or if new errors appear in the self-test log. | |
713 | ||
714 | .B If a 3ware controller is used | |
715 | then the corresponding SCSI (/dev/sd?) or character device (/dev/twe? | |
716 | or /dev/twa?) must be listed, along with the \'\-d 3ware,N\' Directive | |
717 | (see below). The individual ATA disks hosted by the 3ware controller | |
718 | appear to \fBsmartd\fP as normal ATA devices. Hence all the ATA | |
719 | directives can be used for these disks (but see note below). | |
720 | ||
2127e193 GI |
721 | .B If an Areca controller is used |
722 | then the corresponding SCSI generic device (/dev/sg?) must be listed, | |
723 | along with the \'\-d areca,N\' Directive (see below). The individual | |
724 | SATA disks hosted by the Areca controller appear to \fBsmartd\fP as | |
725 | normal ATA devices. Hence all the ATA directives can be used for | |
726 | these disks. Areca firmware version 1.46 or later which supports | |
727 | smartmontools must be used; Please see the \fBsmartctl\fP man page for | |
728 | further details. | |
729 | ||
832b75ed GG |
730 | .TP |
731 | .B \-d TYPE | |
732 | Specifies the type of the device. This Directive may be used multiple | |
2127e193 GI |
733 | times for one device, but the arguments \fIata\fP, \fIscsi\fP, |
734 | \fIsat\fP, \fImarvell\fP, \fIcciss,N\fP, \fIareca,N\fP, \fImegaraid,N\fP | |
735 | and \fI3ware,N\fP are mutually-exclusive. If more than one is given then | |
736 | \fBsmartd\fP will use the last one which appears. | |
832b75ed GG |
737 | |
738 | If none of these three arguments is given, then \fBsmartd\fP will | |
739 | first attempt to guess the device type by looking at whether the sixth | |
740 | character in the device name is an \'s\' or an \'h\'. This will work for | |
741 | device names like /dev/hda or /dev/sdb, and corresponds to choosing | |
742 | \fIata\fP or \fIscsi\fP respectively. If | |
743 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
744 | can\'t guess from this sixth character, then it will simply try to | |
745 | access the device using first ATA and then SCSI ioctl()s. | |
746 | ||
747 | The valid arguments to this Directive are: | |
748 | ||
749 | .I ata | |
750 | \- the device type is ATA. This prevents | |
751 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
752 | from issuing SCSI commands to an ATA device. | |
753 | ||
754 | .I scsi | |
755 | \- the device type is SCSI. This prevents | |
756 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
757 | from issuing ATA commands to a SCSI device. | |
758 | ||
4d59bff9 GG |
759 | .I sat |
760 | \- the device type is SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT). | |
761 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
762 | will generate ATA (smart) commands and then package them in | |
763 | the SAT defined ATA PASS THROUGH SCSI commands. The commands | |
764 | are then routed through the SCSI pass through interface to the | |
765 | operating system. There are two types of ATA PASS THROUGH | |
766 | SCSI commands: a 12 byte and 16 byte variant. | |
767 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
768 | can use either and defaults to the 16 byte variant. This can | |
769 | be overridden with this syntax: \'\-d sat,12\' or \'\-d sat,16\'. | |
770 | ||
832b75ed GG |
771 | .I marvell |
772 | \- Under Linux, interact with SATA disks behind Marvell chip-set | |
773 | controllers (using the Marvell rather than libata driver). | |
774 | ||
2127e193 GI |
775 | .I megaraid,N |
776 | \- the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS/SATA disks connected | |
777 | to a MegaRAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range | |
778 | of 0 to 127 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. | |
779 | In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as | |
780 | megaraid_disk_XXX with XXX in the range from 000 to 127 inclusive. | |
781 | ||
832b75ed GG |
782 | .I 3ware,N |
783 | \- the device consists of one or more ATA disks connected to a 3ware | |
2127e193 | 784 | RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range from 0 to 127 |
832b75ed | 785 | inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log |
2127e193 GI |
786 | files and email messages this disk will be identified as 3ware_disk_XXX |
787 | with XXX in the range from 000 to 127 inclusive. | |
832b75ed GG |
788 | |
789 | This Directive may at first appear confusing, because the 3ware | |
790 | controller is a SCSI device (such as /dev/sda) and should be listed as | |
791 | such in the the configuration file. | |
792 | However when the \'\-d 3ware,N\' | |
793 | Directive is used, then the corresponding disk is addressed using | |
794 | native ATA commands which are \'passed through\' the SCSI driver. All | |
795 | ATA Directives listed in this man page may be used. Note that while | |
796 | you may use \fBany\fP of the 3ware SCSI logical devices /dev/sd? to | |
797 | address \fBany\fP of the physical disks (3ware ports), error and log | |
798 | messages will make the most sense if you always list the 3ware SCSI | |
799 | logical device corresponding to the particular physical disks. Please | |
800 | see the \fBsmartctl\fP man page for further details. | |
801 | ||
802 | ATA disks behind 3ware controllers may alternatively be accessed via a | |
803 | character device interface /dev/twe0-15 (3ware 6000/7000/8000 | |
804 | controllers) and /dev/twa0-15 (3ware 9000 series controllers). Note | |
805 | that the 9000 series controllers may \fBonly\fP be accessed using the | |
806 | character device interface /dev/twa0-15 and not the SCSI device | |
807 | interface /dev/sd?. Please see the \fBsmartctl\fP man page for | |
808 | further details. | |
809 | ||
810 | Note that older 3w-xxxx drivers do not pass the \'Enable Autosave\' | |
811 | (\fB-S on\fP) and \'Enable Automatic Offline\' (\fB-o on\fP) commands | |
812 | to the disk, if the SCSI interface is used, and produce these types of | |
813 | harmless syslog error messages instead: \fB\'3w-xxxx: tw_ioctl(): | |
814 | Passthru size (123392) too big\'\fP. This can be fixed by upgrading to | |
815 | version 1.02.00.037 or later of the 3w-xxxx driver, or by applying a | |
816 | patch to older versions. See | |
817 | \fBhttp://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/\fP for instructions. | |
818 | Alternatively use the character device interfaces /dev/twe0-15 (3ware | |
819 | 6/7/8000 series controllers) or /dev/twa0-15 (3ware 9000 series | |
820 | controllers). | |
821 | ||
2127e193 GI |
822 | .I areca,N |
823 | \- the device consists of one or more SATA disks connected to an Areca | |
824 | SATA RAID controller. The positive integer N (in the range from 1 to | |
825 | 24 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In | |
826 | log files and email messages this disk will be identifed as | |
827 | areca_disk_XX with XX in the range from 01 to 24 inclusive. | |
828 | ||
ba59cff1 GG |
829 | .I cciss,N |
830 | \- the device consists of one or more SCSI disks connected to a cciss | |
831 | RAID controller. The non-negative integer N (in the range from 0 to 15 | |
832 | inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored. In log | |
833 | files and email messages this disk will be identified as cciss_disk_XX | |
834 | with XX in the range from 00 to 15 inclusive. | |
832b75ed | 835 | |
2127e193 | 836 | .B 3ware, MegaRAID, Areca and cciss controllers are currently ONLY supported under Linux. |
832b75ed | 837 | |
4d59bff9 GG |
838 | .I hpt,L/M/N |
839 | \- the device consists of one or more ATA disks connected to a HighPoint | |
9ebc753d | 840 | RocketRAID controller. The integer L is the controller id, the integer M |
4d59bff9 GG |
841 | is the channel number, and the integer N is the PMPort number if it is |
842 | available. The allowed values of L are from 1 to 4 inclusive, M are from | |
843 | 1 to 8 inclusive and N from 1 to 4 if PMPort available. And also these | |
844 | values are limited by the model of the HighPoint RocketRAID controller. | |
845 | In log files and email messages this disk will be identified as | |
846 | hpt_X/X/X and X/X/X is the same as L/M/N, note if no N indicated, N set | |
847 | to the default value 1. | |
848 | ||
2127e193 | 849 | .B HighPoint RocketRAID controllers are currently ONLY supported under Linux and FreeBSD. |
4d59bff9 | 850 | |
832b75ed GG |
851 | .I removable |
852 | \- the device or its media is removable. This indicates to | |
853 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
854 | that it should continue (instead of exiting, which is the default | |
855 | behavior) if the device does not appear to be present when | |
856 | \fBsmartd\fP is started. This Directive may be used in conjunction | |
857 | with the other \'\-d\' Directives. | |
858 | ||
859 | .TP | |
2127e193 | 860 | .B \-n POWERMODE[,N][,q] |
832b75ed GG |
861 | This \'nocheck\' Directive is used to prevent a disk from being |
862 | spun-up when it is periodically polled by \fBsmartd\fP. | |
863 | ||
864 | ATA disks have five different power states. In order of increasing | |
865 | power consumption they are: \'OFF\', \'SLEEP\', \'STANDBY\', \'IDLE\', | |
866 | and \'ACTIVE\'. Typically in the OFF, SLEEP, and STANDBY modes the | |
867 | disk\'s platters are not spinning. But usually, in response to SMART | |
868 | commands issued by \fBsmartd\fP, the disk platters are spun up. So if | |
869 | this option is not used, then a disk which is in a low\-power mode may | |
870 | be spun up and put into a higher\-power mode when it is periodically | |
871 | polled by \fBsmartd\fP. | |
872 | ||
873 | Note that if the disk is in SLEEP mode when \fBsmartd\fP is started, | |
874 | then it won't respond to \fBsmartd\fP commands, and so the disk won't | |
875 | be registered as a device for \fBsmartd\fP to monitor. If a disk is in | |
876 | any other low\-power mode, then the commands issued by \fBsmartd\fP to | |
877 | register the disk will probably cause it to spin\-up. | |
878 | ||
879 | The \'\fB\-n\fP\' (nocheck) Directive specifies if \fBsmartd\fP\'s | |
880 | periodic checks should still be carried out when the device is in a | |
881 | low\-power mode. It may be used to prevent a disk from being spun\-up | |
882 | by periodic \fBsmartd\fP polling. The allowed values of POWERMODE | |
883 | are: | |
884 | ||
885 | .I never | |
886 | \- \fBsmartd\fP will poll (check) the device regardless of its power | |
887 | mode. This may cause a disk which is spun\-down to be spun\-up when | |
888 | \fBsmartd\fP checks it. This is the default behavior if the '\-n' | |
889 | Directive is not given. | |
890 | ||
891 | .I sleep | |
892 | \- check the device unless it is in SLEEP mode. | |
893 | ||
894 | .I standby | |
895 | \- check the device unless it is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode. In | |
896 | these modes most disks are not spinning, so if you want to prevent | |
897 | a laptop disk from spinning up each time that \fBsmartd\fP polls, | |
898 | this is probably what you want. | |
899 | ||
900 | .I idle | |
901 | \- check the device unless it is in SLEEP, STANDBY or IDLE mode. | |
902 | In the IDLE state, most disks are still spinning, so this is probably | |
903 | not what you want. | |
904 | ||
2127e193 GI |
905 | Maximum number of skipped checks (in a row) can be specified by |
906 | appending positive number \',N\' to POWERMODE (like \'\-n standby,15\'). | |
907 | After N checks are skipped in a row, powermode is ignored and the | |
908 | check is performed anyway. | |
4d59bff9 | 909 | |
832b75ed GG |
910 | When a periodic test is skipped, \fBsmartd\fP normally writes an |
911 | informal log message. The message can be suppressed by appending | |
912 | the option \',q\' to POWERMODE (like \'\-n standby,q\'). | |
913 | This prevents a laptop disk from spinning up due to this message. | |
914 | ||
2127e193 GI |
915 | Both \',N\' and \',q\' can be specified together. |
916 | ||
832b75ed GG |
917 | .TP |
918 | .B \-T TYPE | |
919 | Specifies how tolerant | |
920 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
921 | should be of SMART command failures. The valid arguments to this | |
922 | Directive are: | |
923 | ||
924 | .I normal | |
925 | \- do not try to monitor the disk if a mandatory SMART command fails, but | |
926 | continue if an optional SMART command fails. This is the default. | |
927 | ||
928 | .I permissive | |
929 | \- try to monitor the disk even if it appears to lack SMART | |
930 | capabilities. This may be required for some old disks (prior to | |
931 | ATA\-3 revision 4) that implemented SMART before the SMART standards | |
932 | were incorporated into the ATA/ATAPI Specifications. This may also be | |
933 | needed for some Maxtor disks which fail to comply with the ATA | |
934 | Specifications and don't properly indicate support for error\- or | |
935 | self\-test logging. | |
936 | ||
937 | [Please see the \fBsmartctl \-T\fP command-line option.] | |
938 | .TP | |
939 | .B \-o VALUE | |
940 | Enables or disables SMART Automatic Offline Testing when | |
941 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
942 | starts up and has no further effect. The valid arguments to this | |
943 | Directive are \fIon\fP and \fIoff\fP. | |
944 | ||
945 | The delay between tests is vendor-specific, but is typically four | |
946 | hours. | |
947 | ||
948 | Note that SMART Automatic Offline Testing is \fBnot\fP part of the ATA | |
949 | Specification. Please see the | |
950 | .B smartctl \-o | |
951 | command-line option documentation for further information about this | |
952 | feature. | |
953 | .TP | |
954 | .B \-S VALUE | |
955 | Enables or disables Attribute Autosave when \fBsmartd\fP | |
956 | starts up and has no further effect. The valid arguments to this | |
957 | Directive are \fIon\fP and \fIoff\fP. Also affects SCSI devices. | |
958 | [Please see the \fBsmartctl \-S\fP command-line option.] | |
959 | .TP | |
960 | .B \-H | |
961 | Check the SMART health status of the disk. If any Prefailure | |
962 | Attributes are less than or equal to their threshold values, then disk | |
963 | failure is predicted in less than 24 hours, and a message at loglevel | |
964 | .B \'LOG_CRITICAL\' | |
965 | will be logged to syslog. [Please see the | |
966 | .B smartctl \-H | |
967 | command-line option.] | |
968 | .TP | |
969 | .B \-l TYPE | |
970 | Reports increases in the number of errors in one of the two SMART logs. The | |
971 | valid arguments to this Directive are: | |
972 | ||
973 | .I error | |
974 | \- report if the number of ATA errors reported in the ATA Error Log | |
975 | has increased since the last check. | |
976 | ||
977 | .I selftest | |
978 | \- report if the number of failed tests reported in the SMART | |
979 | Self-Test Log has increased since the last check, or if the timestamp | |
980 | associated with the most recent failed test has increased. Note that | |
981 | such errors will \fBonly\fP be logged if you run self-tests on the | |
982 | disk (and it fails a test!). Self-Tests can be run automatically by | |
983 | \fBsmartd\fP: please see the \fB\'\-s\'\fP Directive below. | |
984 | Self-Tests can also be run manually by using the \fB\'\-t\ short\'\fP | |
985 | and \fB\'\-t\ long\'\fP options of \fBsmartctl\fP and the results of | |
986 | the testing can be observed using the \fBsmartctl \'\-l\ selftest\'\fP | |
987 | command-line option.] | |
988 | ||
989 | [Please see the \fBsmartctl \-l\fP and \fB\-t\fP command-line | |
990 | options.] | |
991 | .TP | |
992 | .B \-s REGEXP | |
993 | Run Self-Tests or Offline Immediate Tests, at scheduled times. A | |
994 | Self- or Offline Immediate Test will be run at the end of periodic | |
995 | device polling, if all 12 characters of the string \fBT/MM/DD/d/HH\fP | |
996 | match the extended regular expression \fBREGEXP\fP. Here: | |
997 | .RS 7 | |
998 | .IP \fBT\fP 4 | |
999 | is the type of the test. The values that \fBsmartd\fP will try to | |
1000 | match (in turn) are: \'L\' for a \fBL\fPong Self-Test, \'S\' for a | |
1001 | \fBS\fPhort Self-Test, \'C\' for a \fBC\fPonveyance Self-Test (ATA | |
1002 | only), and \'O\' for an \fBO\fPffline Immediate Test (ATA only). As | |
1003 | soon as a match is found, the test will be started and no additional | |
1004 | matches will be sought for that device and that polling cycle. | |
2127e193 GI |
1005 | |
1006 | [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] To run scheduled Selective | |
1007 | Self-Tests, use \'n\' for \fBn\fPext span, \'r\' to \fBr\fPedo last | |
1008 | span, or \'c\' to \fBc\fPontinue with next span or redo last span | |
1009 | based on status of last test. The LBA range is based on the first | |
1010 | span from the last test. | |
1011 | See the \fBsmartctl \-t select,[next|redo|cont]\fP options for | |
1012 | further info. | |
1013 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1014 | .IP \fBMM\fP 4 |
1015 | is the month of the year, expressed with two decimal digits. The | |
1016 | range is from 01 (January) to 12 (December) inclusive. Do \fBnot\fP | |
1017 | use a single decimal digit or the match will always fail! | |
1018 | .IP \fBDD\fP 4 | |
1019 | is the day of the month, expressed with two decimal digits. The | |
1020 | range is from 01 to 31 inclusive. Do \fBnot\fP | |
1021 | use a single decimal digit or the match will always fail! | |
1022 | .IP \fBd\fP 4 | |
1023 | is the day of the week, expressed with one decimal digit. The | |
1024 | range is from 1 (Monday) to 7 (Sunday) inclusive. | |
1025 | .IP \fBHH\fP 4 | |
1026 | is the hour of the day, written with two decimal digits, and given in | |
1027 | hours after midnight. The range is 00 (midnight to just before 1am) | |
1028 | to 23 (11pm to just before midnight) inclusive. Do \fBnot\fP use a | |
1029 | single decimal digit or the match will always fail! | |
1030 | .RE | |
1031 | .\" The following two lines are a workaround for a man2html bug. Please leave them. | |
1032 | .\" They define a non-existent option; useful because man2html can't correctly reset the margins. | |
1033 | .TP | |
1034 | .B \& | |
1035 | Some examples follow. In reading these, keep in mind that in extended | |
1036 | regular expressions a dot \fB\'.\'\fP matches any single character, and | |
1037 | a parenthetical expression such as \fB\'(A|B|C)\'\fP denotes any one of the three possibilities \fBA\fP, | |
1038 | \fBB\fP, or \fBC\fP. | |
1039 | ||
1040 | To schedule a short Self-Test between 2-3am every morning, use: | |
1041 | .nf | |
1042 | \fB \-s S/../.././02\fP | |
1043 | .fi | |
1044 | To schedule a long Self-Test between 4-5am every Sunday morning, use: | |
1045 | .nf | |
1046 | \fB \-s L/../../7/04\fP | |
1047 | .fi | |
1048 | To schedule a long Self-Test between 10-11pm on the first and | |
1049 | fifteenth day of each month, use: | |
1050 | .nf | |
1051 | \fB \-s L/../(01|15)/./22\fP | |
1052 | .fi | |
1053 | To schedule an Offline Immediate test after every midnight, 6am, | |
1054 | noon,and 6pm, plus a Short Self-Test daily at 1-2am and a Long | |
1055 | Self-Test every Saturday at 3-4am, use: | |
1056 | .nf | |
1057 | \fB \-s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03)\fP | |
1058 | .fi | |
2127e193 GI |
1059 | If Long Self-Tests of a large disks take longer than the system uptime, |
1060 | a full disk test can be performed by several Selective Self-Tests. | |
1061 | To setup a full test of a 1TB disk within 20 days (one 50GB span | |
1062 | each day), run this command once: | |
1063 | .nf | |
1064 | smartctl -t select,0-99999999 /dev/sda | |
1065 | .fi | |
1066 | To run the next test spans on Monday-Friday between 12-13am, run smartd | |
1067 | with this directive: | |
1068 | .nf | |
1069 | \fB \-s n/../../[1-5]/12\fP | |
1070 | .fi | |
1071 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1072 | |
1073 | Scheduled tests are run immediately following the regularly-scheduled | |
1074 | device polling, if the current local date, time, and test type, match | |
1075 | \fBREGEXP\fP. By default the regularly-scheduled device polling | |
1076 | occurs every thirty minutes after starting \fBsmartd\fP. Take caution | |
1077 | if you use the \'\-i\' option to make this polling interval more than | |
1078 | sixty minutes: the poll times may fail to coincide with any of the | |
2127e193 GI |
1079 | testing times that you have specified with \fBREGEXP\fP. In this case |
1080 | the test will be run following the next device polling. | |
832b75ed GG |
1081 | |
1082 | Before running an offline or self-test, \fBsmartd\fP checks to be sure | |
1083 | that a self-test is not already running. If a self-test \fBis\fP | |
1084 | already running, then this running self test will \fBnot\fP be | |
1085 | interrupted to begin another test. | |
1086 | ||
1087 | \fBsmartd\fP will not attempt to run \fBany\fP type of test if another | |
1088 | test was already started or run in the same hour. | |
1089 | ||
a37e7145 GG |
1090 | To avoid performance problems during system boot, \fBsmartd\fP will |
1091 | not attempt to run any scheduled tests following the very first | |
1092 | device polling (unless \'\-q onecheck\' is specified). | |
1093 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1094 | Each time a test is run, \fBsmartd\fP will log an entry to SYSLOG. |
1095 | You can use these or the '-q showtests' command-line option to verify | |
1096 | that you constructed \fBREGEXP\fP correctly. The matching order | |
1097 | (\fBL\fP before \fBS\fP before \fBC\fP before \fBO\fP) ensures that | |
1098 | if multiple test types are all scheduled for the same hour, the | |
1099 | longer test type has precedence. This is usually the desired behavior. | |
1100 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1101 | If the scheduled tests are used in conjunction with state persistence |
1102 | (\'\-s\' option), smartd will also try to match the hours since last | |
1103 | shutdown (or 90 days at most). If any test would have been started | |
1104 | during downtime, the longest (see above) of these tests is run after | |
1105 | second device polling. | |
1106 | ||
1107 | If the \'\-n\' directive is used and any test would have been started | |
1108 | during disk standby time, the longest of these tests is run when the | |
1109 | disk is active again. | |
1110 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1111 | Unix users: please beware that the rules for extended regular |
1112 | expressions [regex(7)] are \fBnot\fP the same as the rules for | |
1113 | file\-name pattern matching by the shell [glob(7)]. \fBsmartd\fP will | |
1114 | issue harmless informational warning messages if it detects characters | |
1115 | in \fBREGEXP\fP that appear to indicate that you have made this | |
1116 | mistake. | |
1117 | ||
1118 | .TP | |
1119 | .B \-m ADD | |
1120 | Send a warning email to the email address \fBADD\fP if the \'\-H\', | |
1121 | \'\-l\', \'\-f\', \'\-C\', or \'\-O\' Directives detect a failure or a | |
1122 | new error, or if a SMART command to the disk fails. This Directive | |
1123 | only works in conjunction with these other Directives (or with the | |
1124 | equivalent default \'\-a\' Directive). | |
1125 | ||
1126 | To prevent your email in-box from getting filled up with warning | |
1127 | messages, by default only a single warning will be sent for each of | |
1128 | the enabled alert types, \'\-H\', \'\-l\', \'\-f\', \'\-C\', or | |
1129 | \'\-O\' even if more than one failure or error is detected or if the | |
1130 | failure or error persists. [This behavior can be modified; see the | |
1131 | \'\-M\' Directive below.] | |
1132 | ||
1133 | To send email to more than one user, please use the following "comma | |
1134 | separated" form for the address: \fBuser1@add1,user2@add2,...,userN@addN\fP | |
1135 | (with no spaces). | |
1136 | ||
1137 | To test that email is being sent correctly, use the \'\-M test\' | |
1138 | Directive described below to send one test email message on | |
1139 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1140 | startup. | |
1141 | ||
1142 | By default, email is sent using the system | |
1143 | .B mail | |
1144 | command. In order that | |
1145 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1146 | find the mail command (normally /bin/mail) an executable named | |
1147 | .B \'mail\' | |
1148 | must be in the path of the shell or environment from which | |
1149 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1150 | was started. If you wish to specify an explicit path to the mail | |
1151 | executable (for example /usr/local/bin/mail) or a custom script to | |
1152 | run, please use the \'\-M exec\' Directive below. | |
1153 | ||
1154 | Note that by default under Solaris, in the previous paragraph, | |
1155 | \'\fBmailx\fP\' and \'\fB/bin/mailx\fP\' are used, since Solaris | |
1156 | \'/bin/mail\' does not accept a \'\-s\' (Subject) command-line | |
1157 | argument. | |
1158 | ||
1159 | On Windows, the \'\fBBlat\fP\' mailer | |
1160 | (\fBhttp://blat.sourceforge.net/\fP) is used by default. | |
1161 | This mailer uses a different command line syntax, see | |
1162 | \'\-M exec\' below. | |
1163 | ||
1164 | Note also that there is a special argument | |
1165 | .B <nomailer> | |
1166 | which can be given to the \'\-m\' Directive in conjunction with the \'\-M | |
1167 | exec\' Directive. Please see below for an explanation of its effect. | |
1168 | ||
1169 | If the mailer or the shell running it produces any STDERR/STDOUT | |
1170 | output, then a snippet of that output will be copied to SYSLOG. The | |
1171 | remainder of the output is discarded. If problems are encountered in | |
1172 | sending mail, this should help you to understand and fix them. If | |
1173 | you have mail problems, we recommend running \fBsmartd\fP in debug | |
1174 | mode with the \'-d\' flag, using the \'-M test\' Directive described | |
1175 | below. | |
1176 | ||
1177 | The following extension is available on Windows: | |
1178 | By specifying \'\fBmsgbox\fP\' as a mail address, a warning | |
1179 | "email" is displayed as a message box on the screen. | |
1180 | Using both \'\fBmsgbox\fP\' and regular mail addresses is possible, | |
1181 | if \'\fBmsgbox\fP\' is the first word in the comma separated list. | |
1182 | With \'\fBsysmsgbox\fP\', a system modal (always on top) message box | |
1183 | is used. If running as a service, a service notification message box | |
1184 | (always shown on current visible desktop) is used. | |
1185 | ||
1186 | .TP | |
1187 | .B \-M TYPE | |
1188 | These Directives modify the behavior of the | |
1189 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1190 | email warnings enabled with the \'\-m\' email Directive described above. | |
1191 | These \'\-M\' Directives only work in conjunction with the \'\-m\' | |
1192 | Directive and can not be used without it. | |
1193 | ||
1194 | Multiple \-M Directives may be given. If more than one of the | |
1195 | following three \-M Directives are given (example: \-M once \-M daily) | |
1196 | then the final one (in the example, \-M daily) is used. | |
1197 | ||
1198 | The valid arguments to the \-M Directive are (one of the following | |
1199 | three): | |
1200 | ||
1201 | .I once | |
1202 | \- send only one warning email for each type of disk problem detected. This | |
1203 | is the default. | |
1204 | ||
1205 | .I daily | |
1206 | \- send additional warning reminder emails, once per day, for each type | |
1207 | of disk problem detected. | |
1208 | ||
1209 | .I diminishing | |
1210 | \- send additional warning reminder emails, after a one-day interval, | |
1211 | then a two-day interval, then a four-day interval, and so on for each | |
1212 | type of disk problem detected. Each interval is twice as long as the | |
1213 | previous interval. | |
1214 | ||
1215 | In addition, one may add zero or more of the following Directives: | |
1216 | ||
1217 | .I test | |
1218 | \- send a single test email | |
1219 | immediately upon | |
1220 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1221 | startup. This allows one to verify that email is delivered correctly. | |
9ebc753d GG |
1222 | Note that if this Directive is used, |
1223 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1224 | will also send the normal email warnings that were enabled with the \'\-m\' Directive, | |
1225 | in addition to the single test email! | |
832b75ed GG |
1226 | |
1227 | .I exec PATH | |
1228 | \- run the executable PATH instead of the default mail command, when | |
1229 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1230 | needs to send email. PATH must point to an executable binary file or | |
1231 | script. | |
1232 | ||
1233 | By setting PATH to point to a customized script, you can make | |
1234 | \fBsmartd\fP perform useful tricks when a disk problem is detected | |
1235 | (beeping the console, shutting down the machine, broadcasting warnings | |
1236 | to all logged-in users, etc.) But please be careful. \fBsmartd\fP | |
1237 | will \fBblock\fP until the executable PATH returns, so if your | |
1238 | executable hangs, then \fBsmartd\fP will also hang. Some sample | |
1239 | scripts are included in | |
1240 | /usr/local/share/doc/smartmontools-5.1/examplescripts/. | |
1241 | ||
1242 | The return status of the executable is recorded by \fBsmartd\fP in | |
1243 | SYSLOG. The executable is not expected to write to STDOUT or | |
1244 | STDERR. If it does, then this is interpreted as indicating that | |
1245 | something is going wrong with your executable, and a fragment of this | |
1246 | output is logged to SYSLOG to help you to understand the problem. | |
1247 | Normally, if you wish to leave some record behind, the executable | |
1248 | should send mail or write to a file or device. | |
1249 | ||
1250 | Before running the executable, \fBsmartd\fP sets a number of | |
1251 | environment variables. These environment variables may be used to | |
1252 | control the executable\'s behavior. The environment variables | |
1253 | exported by \fBsmartd\fP are: | |
1254 | .RS 7 | |
1255 | .IP \fBSMARTD_MAILER\fP 4 | |
1256 | is set to the argument of \-M exec, if present or else to \'mail\' | |
1257 | (examples: /bin/mail, mail). | |
1258 | .IP \fBSMARTD_DEVICE\fP 4 | |
1259 | is set to the device path (examples: /dev/hda, /dev/sdb). | |
1260 | .IP \fBSMARTD_DEVICETYPE\fP 4 | |
2127e193 GI |
1261 | is set to the device type (possible values: ata, scsi, 3ware,N, |
1262 | areca,N, hpt,L/M/N). Here N=0,...,127 denotes the ATA disk behind a | |
1263 | 3ware RAID controller and L/M/N denotes the SATA disk behind a | |
1264 | HighPoint RocketRAID controller. | |
832b75ed GG |
1265 | .IP \fBSMARTD_DEVICESTRING\fP 4 |
1266 | is set to the device description. For SMARTD_DEVICETYPE of ata or | |
1267 | scsi, this is the same as SMARTD_DEVICE. For 3ware RAID controllers, | |
2127e193 GI |
1268 | the form used is \'/dev/sdc [3ware_disk_01]\'. For HighPoint |
1269 | RocketRAID controller, the form is \'/dev/sdd [hpt_1/1/1]\' under Linux | |
1270 | or \'/dev/hptrr [hpt_1/1/1]\' under FreeBSD. For Areca controllers, the | |
1271 | form is \'/dev/sg2 [areca_disk_09]\'. In these cases the device string | |
1272 | contains a space and is NOT quoted. So to use $SMARTD_DEVICESTRING in a | |
1273 | bash script you should probably enclose it in double quotes. | |
832b75ed GG |
1274 | .IP \fBSMARTD_FAILTYPE\fP 4 |
1275 | gives the reason for the warning or message email. The possible values that | |
1276 | it takes and their meanings are: | |
1277 | .nf | |
1278 | .fi | |
1279 | \fIEmailTest\fP: this is an email test message. | |
1280 | .nf | |
1281 | .fi | |
1282 | \fIHealth\fP: the SMART health status indicates imminent failure. | |
1283 | .nf | |
1284 | .fi | |
1285 | \fIUsage\fP: a usage Attribute has failed. | |
1286 | .nf | |
1287 | .fi | |
1288 | \fISelfTest\fP: the number of self-test failures has increased. | |
1289 | .nf | |
1290 | .fi | |
1291 | \fIErrorCount\fP: the number of errors in the ATA error log has increased. | |
1292 | .nf | |
1293 | .fi | |
1294 | \fICurrentPendingSector\fP: one of more disk sectors could not be | |
1295 | read and are marked to be reallocated (replaced with spare sectors). | |
1296 | .nf | |
1297 | .fi | |
1298 | \fIOfflineUncorrectableSector\fP: during off\-line testing, or self\-testing, | |
1299 | one or more disk sectors could not be read. | |
1300 | .nf | |
1301 | .fi | |
1302 | \fIFailedHealthCheck\fP: the SMART health status command failed. | |
1303 | .nf | |
1304 | .fi | |
1305 | \fIFailedReadSmartData\fP: the command to read SMART Attribute data failed. | |
1306 | .nf | |
1307 | .fi | |
1308 | \fIFailedReadSmartErrorLog\fP: the command to read the SMART error log failed. | |
1309 | .nf | |
1310 | .fi | |
1311 | \fIFailedReadSmartSelfTestLog\fP: the command to read the SMART self-test log failed. | |
1312 | .nf | |
1313 | .fi | |
1314 | \fIFailedOpenDevice\fP: the open() command to the device failed. | |
1315 | .IP \fBSMARTD_ADDRESS\fP 4 | |
1316 | is determined by the address argument ADD of the \'\-m\' Directive. | |
1317 | If ADD is \fB<nomailer>\fP, then \fBSMARTD_ADDRESS\fP is not set. | |
1318 | Otherwise, it is set to the comma-separated-list of email addresses | |
1319 | given by the argument ADD, with the commas replaced by spaces | |
1320 | (example:admin@example.com root). If more than one email address is | |
1321 | given, then this string will contain space characters and is NOT | |
1322 | quoted, so to use it in a bash script you may want to enclose it in | |
1323 | double quotes. | |
1324 | .IP \fBSMARTD_MESSAGE\fP 4 | |
1325 | is set to the one sentence summary warning email message string from | |
1326 | \fBsmartd\fP. | |
1327 | This message string contains space characters and is NOT quoted. So to | |
1328 | use $SMARTD_MESSAGE in a bash script you should probably enclose it in | |
1329 | double quotes. | |
1330 | .IP \fBSMARTD_FULLMESSAGE\fP 4 | |
1331 | is set to the contents of the entire email warning message string from | |
1332 | \fBsmartd\fP. | |
1333 | This message string contains space and return characters and is NOT quoted. So to | |
1334 | use $SMARTD_FULLMESSAGE in a bash script you should probably enclose it in | |
1335 | double quotes. | |
1336 | .IP \fBSMARTD_TFIRST\fP 4 | |
1337 | is a text string giving the time and date at which the first problem | |
1338 | of this type was reported. This text string contains space characters | |
1339 | and no newlines, and is NOT quoted. For example: | |
1340 | .nf | |
1341 | .fi | |
1342 | Sun Feb 9 14:58:19 2003 CST | |
1343 | .IP \fBSMARTD_TFIRSTEPOCH\fP 4 | |
1344 | is an integer, which is the unix epoch (number of seconds since Jan 1, | |
1345 | 1970) for \fBSMARTD_TFIRST\fP. | |
1346 | .RE | |
1347 | .\" The following two lines are a workaround for a man2html bug. Please leave them. | |
1348 | .\" They define a non-existent option; useful because man2html can't correctly reset the margins. | |
1349 | .TP | |
1350 | .B \& | |
1351 | The shell which is used to run PATH is system-dependent. For vanilla | |
1352 | Linux/glibc it\'s bash. For other systems, the man page for | |
1353 | \fBpopen\fP(3) should say what shell is used. | |
1354 | ||
1355 | If the \'\-m ADD\' Directive is given with a normal address argument, | |
1356 | then the executable pointed to by PATH will be run in a shell with | |
1357 | STDIN receiving the body of the email message, and with the same | |
1358 | command-line arguments: | |
1359 | .nf | |
1360 | -s "$SMARTD_SUBJECT" $SMARTD_ADDRESS | |
1361 | .fi | |
1362 | that would normally be provided to \'mail\'. Examples include: | |
1363 | .nf | |
1364 | .B -m user@home -M exec /bin/mail | |
1365 | .B -m admin@work -M exec /usr/local/bin/mailto | |
1366 | .B -m root -M exec /Example_1/bash/script/below | |
1367 | .fi | |
1368 | ||
1369 | Note that on Windows, the syntax of the \'\fBBlat\fP\' mailer is | |
1370 | used: | |
1371 | .nf | |
1372 | - -q -subject "$SMARTD_SUBJECT" -to "$SMARTD_ADDRESS" | |
1373 | .fi | |
1374 | ||
1375 | If the \'\-m ADD\' Directive is given with the special address argument | |
1376 | .B <nomailer> | |
1377 | then the executable pointed to by PATH is run in a shell with | |
1378 | .B no | |
1379 | STDIN and | |
1380 | .B no | |
1381 | command-line arguments, for example: | |
1382 | .nf | |
1383 | .B -m <nomailer> -M exec /Example_2/bash/script/below | |
1384 | .fi | |
1385 | If the executable produces any STDERR/STDOUT output, then \fBsmartd\fP | |
1386 | assumes that something is going wrong, and a snippet of that output | |
1387 | will be copied to SYSLOG. The remainder of the output is then | |
1388 | discarded. | |
1389 | ||
1390 | Some EXAMPLES of scripts that can be used with the \'\-M exec\' | |
1391 | Directive are given below. Some sample scripts are also included in | |
1392 | /usr/local/share/doc/smartmontools-5.1/examplescripts/. | |
1393 | ||
1394 | .TP | |
1395 | .B \-f | |
1396 | Check for \'failure\' of any Usage Attributes. If these Attributes are | |
1397 | less than or equal to the threshold, it does NOT indicate imminent | |
1398 | disk failure. It "indicates an advisory condition where the usage or | |
1399 | age of the device has exceeded its intended design life period." | |
1400 | [Please see the \fBsmartctl \-A\fP command-line option.] | |
1401 | .TP | |
1402 | .B \-p | |
1403 | Report anytime that a Prefail Attribute has changed | |
1404 | its value since the last check, 30 minutes ago. [Please see the | |
1405 | .B smartctl \-A | |
1406 | command-line option.] | |
1407 | .TP | |
1408 | .B \-u | |
1409 | Report anytime that a Usage Attribute has changed its value | |
1410 | since the last check, 30 minutes ago. [Please see the | |
1411 | .B smartctl \-A | |
1412 | command-line option.] | |
1413 | .TP | |
1414 | .B \-t | |
1415 | Equivalent to turning on the two previous flags \'\-p\' and \'\-u\'. | |
1416 | Tracks changes in \fIall\fP device Attributes (both Prefailure and | |
1417 | Usage). [Please see the \fBsmartctl\fP \-A command-line option.] | |
1418 | .TP | |
1419 | .B \-i ID | |
1420 | Ignore device Attribute number \fBID\fP when checking for failure of | |
1421 | Usage Attributes. \fBID\fP must be a decimal integer in the range | |
1422 | from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the \'\-f\' | |
1423 | Directive and has no effect without it. | |
1424 | ||
1425 | This is useful, for example, if you have a very old disk and don\'t | |
1426 | want to keep getting messages about the hours-on-lifetime Attribute | |
1427 | (usually Attribute 9) failing. This Directive may appear multiple | |
1428 | times for a single device, if you want to ignore multiple Attributes. | |
1429 | .TP | |
1430 | .B \-I ID | |
1431 | Ignore device Attribute \fBID\fP when tracking changes in the | |
1432 | Attribute values. \fBID\fP must be a decimal integer in the range | |
1433 | from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the behavior of the \'\-p\', | |
1434 | \'\-u\', and \'\-t\' tracking Directives and has no effect without one | |
1435 | of them. | |
1436 | ||
1437 | This is useful, for example, if one of the device Attributes is the disk | |
1438 | temperature (usually Attribute 194 or 231). It\'s annoying to get reports | |
1439 | each time the temperature changes. This Directive may appear multiple | |
1440 | times for a single device, if you want to ignore multiple Attributes. | |
1441 | .TP | |
2127e193 | 1442 | .B \-r ID[!] |
832b75ed GG |
1443 | When tracking, report the \fIRaw\fP value of Attribute \fBID\fP along |
1444 | with its (normally reported) \fINormalized\fP value. \fBID\fP must be | |
1445 | a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies | |
1446 | the behavior of the \'\-p\', \'\-u\', and \'\-t\' tracking Directives | |
1447 | and has no effect without one of them. This Directive may be given | |
1448 | multiple times. | |
1449 | ||
1450 | A common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature | |
1451 | (often ID=194 or 231). | |
1452 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1453 | If the optional flag \'!\' is appended, a change of the Normalized |
1454 | value is considered critical. The report will be logged as LOG_CRIT | |
1455 | and a warning email will be sent if \'-m\' is specified. | |
1456 | ||
832b75ed | 1457 | .TP |
2127e193 | 1458 | .B \-R ID[!] |
832b75ed GG |
1459 | When tracking, report whenever the \fIRaw\fP value of Attribute |
1460 | \fBID\fP changes. (Normally \fBsmartd\fP only tracks/reports changes | |
1461 | of the \fINormalized\fP Attribute values.) \fBID\fP must be a decimal | |
1462 | integer in the range from 1 to 255. This Directive modifies the | |
1463 | behavior of the \'\-p\', \'\-u\', and \'\-t\' tracking Directives and | |
1464 | has no effect without one of them. This Directive may be given | |
1465 | multiple times. | |
1466 | ||
1467 | If this Directive is given, it automatically implies the \'\-r\' | |
1468 | Directive for the same Attribute, so that the Raw value of the | |
1469 | Attribute is reported. | |
1470 | ||
1471 | A common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature | |
1472 | (often ID=194 or 231). It is also useful for understanding how | |
1473 | different types of system behavior affects the values of certain | |
1474 | Attributes. | |
1475 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1476 | If the optional flag \'!\' is appended, a change of the Raw |
1477 | value is considered critical. The report will be logged as | |
1478 | LOG_CRIT and a warning email will be sent if \'-m\' is specified. | |
1479 | An example is \'-R 5!\' to warn when new sectors are reallocated. | |
1480 | ||
832b75ed | 1481 | .TP |
2127e193 | 1482 | .B \-C ID[+] |
832b75ed GG |
1483 | [ATA only] Report if the current number of pending sectors is |
1484 | non-zero. Here \fBID\fP is the id number of the Attribute whose raw | |
1485 | value is the Current Pending Sector count. The allowed range of | |
1486 | \fBID\fP is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting, use | |
1487 | ID\ =\ 0. If the \fB\-C ID\fP option is not given, then it defaults to | |
1488 | \fB\-C 197\fP (since Attribute 197 is generally used to monitor | |
1489 | pending sectors). | |
1490 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1491 | If \'+\' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors |
1492 | has increased between two check cycles. Some disks do not reset this | |
1493 | attribute when a bad sector is reallocated. | |
1494 | See also \'\-v 197,increasing\' below. | |
1495 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1496 | A pending sector is a disk sector (containing 512 bytes of your data) |
1497 | which the device would like to mark as ``bad" and reallocate. | |
1498 | Typically this is because your computer tried to read that sector, and | |
1499 | the read failed because the data on it has been corrupted and has | |
1500 | inconsistent Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes. This is | |
1501 | important to know, because it means that there is some unreadable data | |
1502 | on the disk. The problem of figuring out what file this data belongs | |
1503 | to is operating system and file system specific. You can typically | |
1504 | force the sector to reallocate by writing to it (translation: make the | |
1505 | device substitute a spare good sector for the bad one) but at the | |
1506 | price of losing the 512 bytes of data stored there. | |
1507 | ||
1508 | .TP | |
2127e193 | 1509 | .B \-U ID[+] |
832b75ed GG |
1510 | [ATA only] Report if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors is |
1511 | non-zero. Here \fBID\fP is the id number of the Attribute whose raw | |
1512 | value is the Offline Uncorrectable Sector count. The allowed range of | |
1513 | \fBID\fP is 0 to 255 inclusive. To turn off this reporting, use | |
1514 | ID\ =\ 0. If the \fB\-U ID\fP option is not given, then it defaults to | |
1515 | \fB\-U 198\fP (since Attribute 198 is generally used to monitor | |
1516 | offline uncorrectable sectors). | |
1517 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1518 | If \'+\' is specified, a report is only printed if the number of sectors |
1519 | has increased since the last check cycle. Some disks do not reset this | |
1520 | attribute when a bad sector is reallocated. | |
1521 | See also \'\-v 198,increasing\' below. | |
832b75ed GG |
1522 | |
1523 | An offline uncorrectable sector is a disk sector which was not | |
1524 | readable during an off\-line scan or a self\-test. This is important | |
1525 | to know, because if you have data stored in this disk sector, and you | |
1526 | need to read it, the read will fail. Please see the previous \'\-C\' | |
1527 | option for more details. | |
1528 | ||
4d59bff9 GG |
1529 | .TP |
1530 | .B \-W DIFF[,INFO[,CRIT]] | |
1531 | Report if the current temperature had changed by at least \fBDIFF\fP | |
2127e193 GI |
1532 | degrees since last report, or if new min or max temperature is detected. |
1533 | Report or Warn if the temperature is greater or equal than one of | |
1534 | \fBINFO\fP or \fBCRIT\fP degrees Celsius. | |
1535 | If the limit \fBCRIT\fP is reached, a message with loglevel | |
4d59bff9 GG |
1536 | \fB\'LOG_CRITICAL\'\fP will be logged to syslog and a warning email |
1537 | will be send if '-m' is specified. If only the limit \fBINFO\fP is | |
1538 | reached, a message with loglevel \fB\'LOG_INFO\'\fP will be logged. | |
1539 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1540 | If this directive is used in conjunction with state persistence |
1541 | (\'\-s\' option), the min and max temperature values are preserved | |
1542 | across boot cycles. The minimum temperature value is not updated | |
1543 | during the first 30 minutes after startup. | |
1544 | ||
4d59bff9 GG |
1545 | To disable any of the 3 reports, set the corresponding limit to 0. |
1546 | Trailing zero arguments may be omitted. By default, all temperature | |
1547 | reports are disabled (\'-W 0\'). | |
1548 | ||
1549 | To track temperature changes of at least 2 degrees, use: | |
1550 | .nf | |
1551 | \fB \-W 2 | |
1552 | .fi | |
1553 | To log informal messages on temperatures of at least 40 degrees, use: | |
1554 | .nf | |
1555 | \fB \-W 0,40 | |
1556 | .fi | |
1557 | For warning messages/mails on temperatures of at least 45 degrees, use: | |
1558 | .nf | |
1559 | \fB \-W 0,0,45 | |
1560 | .fi | |
1561 | To combine all of the above reports, use: | |
1562 | .nf | |
1563 | \fB \-W 2,40,45 | |
1564 | .fi | |
1565 | ||
1566 | For ATA devices, smartd interprets Attribute 194 as Temperature Celsius | |
1567 | by default. This can be changed to Attribute 9 or 220 by the drive | |
1568 | database or by the \'-v\' directive, see below. | |
1569 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1570 | .TP |
1571 | .B \-F TYPE | |
1572 | [ATA only] Modifies the behavior of \fBsmartd\fP to compensate for | |
1573 | some known and understood device firmware bug. The arguments to this | |
1574 | Directive are exclusive, so that only the final Directive given is | |
1575 | used. The valid values are: | |
1576 | ||
1577 | .I none | |
1578 | \- Assume that the device firmware obeys the ATA specifications. This is | |
1579 | the default, unless the device has presets for \'\-F\' in the device | |
1580 | database. | |
1581 | ||
1582 | .I samsung | |
1583 | \- In some Samsung disks (example: model SV4012H Firmware Version: | |
1584 | RM100-08) some of the two- and four-byte quantities in the SMART data | |
1585 | structures are byte-swapped (relative to the ATA specification). | |
1586 | Enabling this option tells \fBsmartd\fP to evaluate these quantities | |
1587 | in byte-reversed order. Some signs that your disk needs this option | |
1588 | are (1) no self-test log printed, even though you have run self-tests; | |
1589 | (2) very large numbers of ATA errors reported in the ATA error log; | |
1590 | (3) strange and impossible values for the ATA error log timestamps. | |
1591 | ||
1592 | .I samsung2 | |
1593 | \- In more recent Samsung disks (firmware revisions ending in "\-23") the | |
1594 | number of ATA errors reported is byte swapped. Enabling this option | |
1595 | tells \fBsmartd\fP to evaluate this quantity in byte-reversed order. | |
1596 | ||
a37e7145 GG |
1597 | .I samsung3 |
1598 | \- Some Samsung disks (at least SP2514N with Firmware VF100\-37) report | |
1599 | a self\-test still in progress with 0% remaining when the test was already | |
1600 | completed. If this directive is specified, \fBsmartd\fP will not skip the | |
1601 | next scheduled self\-test (see Directive \'\-s\' above) in this case. | |
1602 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1603 | Note that an explicit \'\-F\' Directive will over-ride any preset |
1604 | values for \'\-F\' (see the \'\-P\' option below). | |
1605 | ||
1606 | ||
1607 | [Please see the \fBsmartctl \-F\fP command-line option.] | |
1608 | ||
1609 | .TP | |
1610 | .B \-v N,OPTION | |
1611 | Modifies the labeling for Attribute N, for disks which use | |
1612 | non-standard Attribute definitions. This is useful in connection with | |
1613 | the Attribute tracking/reporting Directives. | |
1614 | ||
1615 | This Directive may appear multiple times. Valid arguments to this | |
1616 | Directive are: | |
1617 | ||
1618 | .I 9,minutes | |
1619 | \- Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time in minutes. Its raw value | |
1620 | will be displayed in the form \'Xh+Ym\'. Here X is hours, and Y is | |
1621 | minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive. Y is always printed with two | |
1622 | digits, for example \'06\' or \'31\' or \'00\'. | |
1623 | ||
1624 | .I 9,seconds | |
1625 | \- Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time in seconds. Its raw value | |
1626 | will be displayed in the form \'Xh+Ym+Zs\'. Here X is hours, Y is | |
1627 | minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive, and Z is seconds in the range | |
1628 | 0-59 inclusive. Y and Z are always printed with two digits, for | |
1629 | example \'06\' or \'31\' or \'00\'. | |
1630 | ||
1631 | .I 9,halfminutes | |
1632 | \- Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time, measured in units of 30 | |
1633 | seconds. This format is used by some Samsung disks. Its raw value | |
1634 | will be displayed in the form \'Xh+Ym\'. Here X is hours, and Y is | |
1635 | minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive. Y is always printed with two | |
1636 | digits, for example \'06\' or \'31\' or \'00\'. | |
1637 | ||
1638 | .I 9,temp | |
1639 | \- Raw Attribute number 9 is the disk temperature in Celsius. | |
1640 | ||
1641 | .I 192,emergencyretractcyclect | |
1642 | \- Raw Attribute number 192 is the Emergency Retract Cycle Count. | |
1643 | ||
1644 | .I 193,loadunload | |
1645 | \- Raw Attribute number 193 contains two values. The first is the | |
1646 | number of load cycles. The second is the number of unload cycles. | |
1647 | The difference between these two values is the number of times that | |
1648 | the drive was unexpectedly powered off (also called an emergency | |
1649 | unload). As a rule of thumb, the mechanical stress created by one | |
1650 | emergency unload is equivalent to that created by one hundred normal | |
1651 | unloads. | |
1652 | ||
1653 | .I 194,10xCelsius | |
1654 | \- Raw Attribute number 194 is ten times the disk temperature in | |
1655 | Celsius. This is used by some Samsung disks (example: model SV1204H | |
1656 | with RK100-13 firmware). | |
1657 | ||
1658 | .I 194,unknown | |
1659 | \- Raw Attribute number 194 is NOT the disk temperature, and its | |
1660 | interpretation is unknown. This is primarily useful for the -P | |
1661 | (presets) Directive. | |
1662 | ||
2127e193 GI |
1663 | .I 197,increasing |
1664 | \- Raw Attribute number 197 (Current Pending Sector Count) is not | |
1665 | reset if uncorrectable sectors are reallocated. This also sets | |
1666 | \'-C 197+\' if no other \'-C\' directive is specified. | |
1667 | ||
1668 | .I 198,increasing | |
1669 | \- Raw Attribute number 198 (Offline Uncorrectable Sector Count) is not | |
1670 | reset if uncorrectable sector are reallocated. This also sets | |
1671 | \'-U 198+\' if no other \'-U\' directive is specified. | |
1672 | ||
832b75ed GG |
1673 | .I 198,offlinescanuncsectorct |
1674 | \- Raw Attribute number 198 is the Offline Scan UNC Sector Count. | |
1675 | ||
1676 | .I 200,writeerrorcount | |
1677 | \- Raw Attribute number 200 is the Write Error Count. | |
1678 | ||
1679 | .I 201,detectedtacount | |
1680 | \- Raw Attribute number 201 is the Detected TA Count. | |
1681 | ||
1682 | .I 220,temp | |
1683 | \- Raw Attribute number 220 is the disk temperature in Celsius. | |
1684 | ||
1685 | Note: a table of hard drive models, listing which Attribute | |
1686 | corresponds to temperature, can be found at: | |
1687 | \fBhttp://www.guzu.net/linux/hddtemp.db\fP | |
1688 | ||
1689 | .I N,raw8 | |
1690 | \- Print the Raw value of Attribute N as six 8-bit unsigned base-10 | |
1691 | integers. This may be useful for decoding the meaning of the Raw | |
1692 | value. The form \'N,raw8\' prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in this | |
1693 | form. The form (for example) \'123,raw8\' only prints the Raw value for | |
1694 | Attribute 123 in this form. | |
1695 | ||
1696 | .I N,raw16 | |
1697 | \- Print the Raw value of Attribute N as three 16-bit unsigned base-10 | |
1698 | integers. This may be useful for decoding the meaning of the Raw | |
1699 | value. The form \'N,raw16\' prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in this | |
1700 | form. The form (for example) \'123,raw16\' only prints the Raw value for | |
1701 | Attribute 123 in this form. | |
1702 | ||
1703 | .I N,raw48 | |
1704 | \- Print the Raw value of Attribute N as a 48-bit unsigned base-10 | |
1705 | integer. This may be useful for decoding the meaning of the Raw | |
1706 | value. The form \'N,raw48\' prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in | |
1707 | this form. The form (for example) \'123,raw48\' only prints the Raw | |
1708 | value for Attribute 123 in this form. | |
1709 | ||
1710 | .TP | |
1711 | .B \-P TYPE | |
1712 | Specifies whether | |
1713 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1714 | should use any preset options that are available for this drive. The | |
1715 | valid arguments to this Directive are: | |
1716 | ||
1717 | .I use | |
1718 | \- use any presets that are available for this drive. This is the default. | |
1719 | ||
1720 | .I ignore | |
1721 | \- do not use any presets for this drive. | |
1722 | ||
1723 | .I show | |
1724 | \- show the presets listed for this drive in the database. | |
1725 | ||
1726 | .I showall | |
1727 | \- show the presets that are available for all drives and then exit. | |
1728 | ||
1729 | [Please see the | |
1730 | .B smartctl \-P | |
1731 | command-line option.] | |
1732 | ||
1733 | .TP | |
1734 | .B \-a | |
1735 | Equivalent to turning on all of the following Directives: | |
1736 | .B \'\-H\' | |
1737 | to check the SMART health status, | |
1738 | .B \'\-f\' | |
1739 | to report failures of Usage (rather than Prefail) Attributes, | |
1740 | .B \'\-t\' | |
1741 | to track changes in both Prefailure and Usage Attributes, | |
1742 | .B \'\-l\ selftest\' | |
1743 | to report increases in the number of Self-Test Log errors, | |
1744 | .B \'\-l\ error\' | |
1745 | to report increases in the number of ATA errors, | |
1746 | .B \'\-C 197\' | |
1747 | to report nonzero values of the current pending sector count, and | |
1748 | .B \'\-U 198\' | |
1749 | to report nonzero values of the offline pending sector count. | |
1750 | ||
1751 | Note that \-a is the default for ATA devices. If none of these other | |
1752 | Directives is given, then \-a is assumed. | |
1753 | ||
1754 | .TP | |
1755 | .B # | |
1756 | Comment: ignore the remainder of the line. | |
1757 | .TP | |
1758 | .B \e | |
1759 | Continuation character: if this is the last non-white or non-comment | |
1760 | character on a line, then the following line is a continuation of the current | |
1761 | one. | |
1762 | .PP | |
1763 | If you are not sure which Directives to use, I suggest experimenting | |
1764 | for a few minutes with | |
1765 | .B smartctl | |
1766 | to see what SMART functionality your disk(s) support(s). If you do | |
1767 | not like voluminous syslog messages, a good choice of | |
1768 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1769 | configuration file Directives might be: | |
1770 | .nf | |
1771 | .B \-H \-l\ selftest \-l\ error \-f. | |
1772 | .fi | |
1773 | If you want more frequent information, use: | |
1774 | .B -a. | |
1775 | ||
1776 | .TP | |
1777 | .B ADDITIONAL DETAILS ABOUT DEVICESCAN | |
1778 | If the first non-comment entry in the configuration file is the text | |
1779 | string \fBDEVICESCAN\fP in capital letters, then \fBsmartd\fP will | |
1780 | ignore any remaining lines in the configuration file, and will scan | |
1781 | for devices. | |
1782 | ||
1783 | If \fBDEVICESCAN\fP is not followed by any Directives, then smartd | |
1784 | will scan for both ATA and SCSI devices, and will monitor all possible | |
1785 | SMART properties of any devices that are found. | |
1786 | ||
1787 | \fBDEVICESCAN\fP may optionally be followed by any valid Directives, | |
1788 | which will be applied to all devices that are found in the scan. For | |
1789 | example | |
1790 | .nf | |
1791 | .B DEVICESCAN -m root@example.com | |
1792 | .fi | |
1793 | will scan for all devices, and then monitor them. It will send one | |
1794 | email warning per device for any problems that are found. | |
1795 | .nf | |
1796 | .B DEVICESCAN -d ata -m root@example.com | |
1797 | .fi | |
1798 | will do the same, but restricts the scan to ATA devices only. | |
1799 | .nf | |
1800 | .B DEVICESCAN -H -d ata -m root@example.com | |
1801 | .fi | |
1802 | will do the same, but only monitors the SMART health status of the | |
1803 | devices, (rather than the default \-a, which monitors all SMART | |
1804 | properties). | |
1805 | ||
1806 | .TP | |
1807 | .B EXAMPLES OF SHELL SCRIPTS FOR \'\-M exec\' | |
1808 | These are two examples of shell scripts that can be used with the \'\-M | |
1809 | exec PATH\' Directive described previously. The paths to these scripts | |
1810 | and similar executables is the PATH argument to the \'\-M exec PATH\' | |
1811 | Directive. | |
1812 | ||
1813 | Example 1: This script is for use with \'\-m ADDRESS -M exec PATH\'. It appends | |
1814 | the output of | |
1815 | .B smartctl -a | |
1816 | to the output of the smartd email warning message and sends it to ADDRESS. | |
1817 | ||
1818 | .nf | |
1819 | \fB | |
1820 | #! /bin/bash | |
1821 | ||
1822 | # Save the email message (STDIN) to a file: | |
1823 | cat > /root/msg | |
1824 | ||
1825 | # Append the output of smartctl -a to the message: | |
1826 | /usr/local/sbin/smartctl -a -d $SMART_DEVICETYPE $SMARTD_DEVICE >> /root/msg | |
1827 | ||
1828 | # Now email the message to the user at address ADD: | |
1829 | /bin/mail -s "$SMARTD_SUBJECT" $SMARTD_ADDRESS < /root/msg | |
1830 | \fP | |
1831 | .fi | |
1832 | ||
1833 | Example 2: This script is for use with \'\-m <nomailer> \-M exec | |
1834 | PATH\'. It warns all users about a disk problem, waits 30 seconds, and | |
1835 | then powers down the machine. | |
1836 | ||
1837 | .nf | |
1838 | \fB | |
1839 | #! /bin/bash | |
1840 | ||
1841 | # Warn all users of a problem | |
1842 | wall \'Problem detected with disk: \' "$SMARTD_DEVICESTRING" | |
1843 | wall \'Warning message from smartd is: \' "$SMARTD_MESSAGE" | |
1844 | wall \'Shutting down machine in 30 seconds... \' | |
1845 | ||
1846 | # Wait half a minute | |
1847 | sleep 30 | |
1848 | ||
1849 | # Power down the machine | |
1850 | /sbin/shutdown -hf now | |
1851 | \fP | |
1852 | .fi | |
1853 | ||
1854 | Some example scripts are distributed with the smartmontools package, | |
1855 | in /usr/local/share/doc/smartmontools-5.1/examplescripts/. | |
1856 | ||
1857 | Please note that these scripts typically run as root, so any files | |
1858 | that they read/write should not be writable by ordinary users or | |
1859 | reside in directories like /tmp that are writable by ordinary users | |
1860 | and may expose your system to symlink attacks. | |
1861 | ||
1862 | As previously described, if the scripts write to STDOUT or STDERR, | |
1863 | this is interpreted as indicating that there was an internal error | |
1864 | within the script, and a snippet of STDOUT/STDERR is logged to SYSLOG. | |
1865 | The remainder is flushed. | |
1866 | ||
1867 | .\" ENDINCLUDE | |
1868 | .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS OR PREVIOUS/NEXT LINES. THIS DEFINES THE | |
1869 | .\" END OF THE INCLUDE SECTION FOR smartd.conf.5 | |
1870 | ||
1871 | .SH NOTES | |
1872 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1873 | will make log entries at loglevel | |
1874 | .B LOG_INFO | |
1875 | if the Normalized SMART Attribute values have changed, as reported using the | |
1876 | .B \'\-t\', \'\-p\', | |
1877 | or | |
1878 | .B \'\-u\' | |
1879 | Directives. For example: | |
1880 | .nf | |
1881 | .B \'Device: /dev/hda, SMART Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 94 to 93\' | |
1882 | .fi | |
1883 | Note that in this message, the value given is the \'Normalized\' not the \'Raw\' | |
1884 | Attribute value (the disk temperature in this case is about 22 | |
1885 | Celsius). The | |
1886 | .B \'-R\' | |
1887 | and | |
1888 | .B \'-r\' | |
1889 | Directives modify this behavior, so that the information is printed | |
1890 | with the Raw values as well, for example: | |
1891 | .nf | |
1892 | .B \'Device: /dev/hda, SMART Attribute: 194 Temperature_Celsius changed from 94 [Raw 22] to 93 [Raw 23]\' | |
1893 | .fi | |
1894 | Here the Raw values are the actual disk temperatures in Celsius. The | |
1895 | way in which the Raw values are printed, and the names under which the | |
1896 | Attributes are reported, is governed by the various | |
1897 | .B \'-v Num,Description\' | |
1898 | Directives described previously. | |
1899 | ||
1900 | Please see the | |
1901 | .B smartctl | |
1902 | manual page for further explanation of the differences between | |
1903 | Normalized and Raw Attribute values. | |
1904 | ||
1905 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
1906 | will make log entries at loglevel | |
1907 | .B LOG_CRIT | |
1908 | if a SMART Attribute has failed, for example: | |
1909 | .nf | |
1910 | .B \'Device: /dev/hdc, Failed SMART Attribute: 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct\' | |
1911 | .fi | |
1912 | This loglevel is used for reporting enabled by the | |
1913 | .B \'\-H\', \-f\', \'\-l\ selftest\', | |
1914 | and | |
1915 | .B \'\-l\ error\' | |
1916 | Directives. Entries reporting failure of SMART Prefailure Attributes | |
1917 | should not be ignored: they mean that the disk is failing. Use the | |
1918 | .B smartctl | |
1919 | utility to investigate. | |
1920 | ||
1921 | Under Solaris with the default \fB/etc/syslog.conf\fP configuration, | |
1922 | messages below loglevel \fBLOG_NOTICE\fP will \fBnot\fP be recorded. | |
1923 | Hence all \fBsmartd\fP messages with loglevel \fBLOG_INFO\fP will be | |
1924 | lost. If you want to use the existing daemon facility to log all | |
1925 | messages from \fBsmartd\fP, you should change \fB/etc/syslog.conf\fP | |
1926 | from: | |
1927 | .nf | |
1928 | ...;daemon.notice;... /var/adm/messages | |
1929 | .fi | |
1930 | to read: | |
1931 | .nf | |
1932 | ...;daemon.info;... /var/adm/messages | |
1933 | .fi | |
1934 | Alternatively, you can use a local facility to log messages: please | |
1935 | see the \fBsmartd\fP '-l' command-line option described above. | |
1936 | ||
1937 | On Cygwin and Windows, the log messages are written to the event log | |
1938 | or to a file. See documentation of the '-l FACILITY' option above for | |
1939 | details. | |
1940 | ||
1941 | On Windows, the following built-in commands can be used to control | |
1942 | \fBsmartd\fP, if running as a daemon: | |
1943 | ||
1944 | \'\fBsmartd status\fP\' \- check status | |
1945 | ||
1946 | \'\fBsmartd stop\fP\' \- stop smartd | |
1947 | ||
1948 | \'\fBsmartd reload\fP\' \- reread config file | |
1949 | ||
1950 | \'\fBsmartd restart\fP\' \- restart smartd | |
1951 | ||
1952 | \'\fBsmartd sigusr1\fP\' \- check disks now | |
1953 | ||
1954 | \'\fBsmartd sigusr2\fP\' \- toggle debug mode | |
1955 | ||
1956 | On WinNT4/2000/XP, \fBsmartd\fP can also be run as a Windows service: | |
1957 | ||
1958 | ||
1959 | The Cygwin Version of \fBsmartd\fP can be run as a service via the | |
1960 | cygrunsrv tool. The start-up script provides Cygwin-specific commands | |
1961 | to install and remove the service: | |
1962 | .nf | |
1963 | .B /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/smartd install [options] | |
1964 | .B /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/smartd remove | |
1965 | .fi | |
1966 | The service can be started and stopped by the start-up script as usual | |
1967 | (see \fBEXAMPLES\fP above). | |
1968 | ||
1969 | ||
1970 | The Windows Version of \fBsmartd\fP has buildin support for services: | |
1971 | ||
1972 | \'\fBsmartd install [options]\fP\' installs a service | |
1973 | named "smartd" (display name "SmartD Service") using the command line | |
1974 | \'/installpath/smartd.exe --service [options]\'. | |
1975 | ||
1976 | \'\fBsmartd remove\fP\' can later be used to remove the service entry | |
1977 | from registry. | |
1978 | ||
1979 | Upon startup, the smartd service changes the working directory | |
1980 | to its own installation path. If smartd.conf and blat.exe are stored | |
1981 | in this directory, no \'-c\' option and \'-M exec\' directive is needed. | |
1982 | ||
1983 | The debug mode (\'-d\', \'-q onecheck\') does not work if smartd is | |
1984 | running as service. | |
1985 | ||
1986 | The service can be controlled as usual with Windows commands \'net\' | |
1987 | or \'sc\' (\'\fBnet start smartd\fP\', \'\fBnet stop smartd\fP\'). | |
1988 | ||
1989 | Pausing the service (\'\fBnet pause smartd\fP\') sets the interval between | |
1990 | disk checks (\'-i N\') to infinite. | |
1991 | ||
1992 | Continuing the paused service (\'\fBnet continue smartd\fP\') resets the | |
1993 | interval and rereads the configuration file immediately (like \fBSIGHUP\fP): | |
1994 | ||
1995 | Continuing a still running service (\'\fBnet continue smartd\fP\' without | |
1996 | preceding \'\fBnet pause smartd\fP\') does not reread configuration but | |
1997 | checks disks immediately (like \fBSIGUSR1\fP). | |
1998 | ||
1999 | .SH LOG TIMESTAMP TIMEZONE | |
2000 | ||
2001 | When \fBsmartd\fP makes log entries, these are time-stamped. The time | |
2002 | stamps are in the computer's local time zone, which is generally set | |
2003 | using either the environment variable \'\fBTZ\fP\' or using a | |
2004 | time-zone file such as \fB/etc/localtime\fP. You may wish to change | |
2005 | the timezone while \fBsmartd\fP is running (for example, if you carry | |
2006 | a laptop to a new time-zone and don't reboot it). Due to a bug in the | |
2007 | \fBtzset(3)\fP function of many unix standard C libraries, the | |
2008 | time-zone stamps of \fBsmartd\fP might not change. For some systems, | |
2009 | \fBsmartd\fP will work around this problem \fIif\fP the time-zone is | |
2010 | set using \fB/etc/localtime\fP. The work-around \fIfails\fP if the | |
2011 | time-zone is set using the \'\fBTZ\fP\' variable (or a file that it | |
2012 | points to). | |
2013 | ||
2014 | ||
2015 | .SH RETURN VALUES | |
2016 | The return value (exit status) of | |
2017 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2018 | can have the following values: | |
2019 | .TP | |
2020 | .B 0: | |
2021 | Daemon startup successful, or \fBsmartd\fP was killed by a SIGTERM (or in debug mode, a SIGQUIT). | |
2022 | .TP | |
2023 | .B 1: | |
2024 | Commandline did not parse. | |
2025 | .TP | |
2026 | .B 2: | |
2027 | There was a syntax error in the config file. | |
2028 | .TP | |
2029 | .B 3: | |
2030 | Forking the daemon failed. | |
2031 | .TP | |
2032 | .B 4: | |
2033 | Couldn\'t create PID file. | |
2034 | .TP | |
2035 | .B 5: | |
2036 | Config file does not exist (only returned in conjunction with the \'-c\' option). | |
2037 | .TP | |
2038 | .B 6: | |
2039 | Config file exists, but cannot be read. | |
2040 | .TP | |
2041 | .B 8: | |
2042 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2043 | ran out of memory during startup. | |
2044 | .TP | |
2045 | .B 9: | |
2046 | A compile time constant of\fB smartd\fP was too small. This can be caused by an | |
2047 | excessive number of disks, or by lines in \fB /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf\fP that are too long. | |
2048 | Please report this problem to \fB smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net\fP. | |
2049 | .TP | |
2050 | .B 10 | |
2051 | An inconsistency was found in \fBsmartd\fP\'s internal data | |
2052 | structures. This should never happen. It must be due to either a | |
2053 | coding or compiler bug. \fIPlease\fP report such failures to | |
2054 | smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net. | |
2055 | .TP | |
2056 | .B 16: | |
2057 | A device explicitly listed in | |
2058 | .B /usr/local/etc/smartd.conf | |
2059 | can\'t be monitored. | |
2060 | .TP | |
2061 | .B 17: | |
2062 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2063 | didn\'t find any devices to monitor. | |
2064 | .TP | |
2065 | .B 254: | |
2066 | When in daemon mode, | |
2067 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2068 | received a SIGINT or SIGQUIT. (Note that in debug mode, SIGINT has | |
2069 | the same effect as SIGHUP, and makes \fBsmartd\fP reload its | |
2070 | configuration file. SIGQUIT has the same effect as SIGTERM and causes | |
2071 | \fBsmartd\fP to exit with zero exit status. | |
2072 | .TP | |
2073 | .B 132 and above | |
2074 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2075 | was killed by a signal that is not explicitly listed above. The exit | |
2076 | status is then 128 plus the signal number. For example if | |
2077 | \fBsmartd\fP | |
2078 | is killed by SIGKILL (signal 9) then the exit status is 137. | |
2079 | ||
2080 | .PP | |
2081 | .SH AUTHOR | |
2082 | \fBBruce Allen\fP smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net | |
2083 | .fi | |
2084 | University of Wisconsin \- Milwaukee Physics Department | |
2085 | ||
2086 | .PP | |
2087 | .SH CONTRIBUTORS | |
2088 | The following have made large contributions to smartmontools: | |
2089 | .nf | |
2090 | \fBCasper Dik\fP (Solaris SCSI interface) | |
2127e193 | 2091 | \fBChristian Franke\fP (Windows interface, C++ redesign, USB support, ...) |
832b75ed GG |
2092 | \fBDouglas Gilbert\fP (SCSI subsystem) |
2093 | \fBGuido Guenther\fP (Autoconf/Automake packaging) | |
2094 | \fBGeoffrey Keating\fP (Darwin ATA interface) | |
2095 | \fBEduard Martinescu\fP (FreeBSD interface) | |
2096 | \fBFr\*'ed\*'eric L. W. Meunier\fP (Web site and Mailing list) | |
2127e193 | 2097 | \fBGabriele Pohl\fP (Web site and Wiki, conversion from CVS to SVN) |
832b75ed | 2098 | \fBKeiji Sawada\fP (Solaris ATA interface) |
2127e193 | 2099 | \fBManfred Schwarb\fP (Drive database) |
832b75ed GG |
2100 | \fBSergey Svishchev\fP (NetBSD interface) |
2101 | \fBDavid Snyder and Sergey Svishchev\fP (OpenBSD interface) | |
2102 | \fBPhil Williams\fP (User interface and drive database) | |
2127e193 | 2103 | \fBShengfeng Zhou\fP (Linux/FreeBSD HighPoint RocketRAID interface) |
832b75ed GG |
2104 | .fi |
2105 | Many other individuals have made smaller contributions and corrections. | |
2106 | ||
2107 | .PP | |
2108 | .SH CREDITS | |
2109 | .fi | |
2110 | This code was derived from the smartsuite package, written by Michael | |
2111 | Cornwell, and from the previous ucsc smartsuite package. It extends | |
2112 | these to cover ATA-5 disks. This code was originally developed as a | |
2113 | Senior Thesis by Michael Cornwell at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory | |
2114 | (now part of the Storage Systems Research Center), Jack Baskin School | |
2115 | of Engineering, University of California, Santa | |
2116 | Cruz. \fBhttp://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/\fP . | |
2117 | .SH | |
2118 | HOME PAGE FOR SMARTMONTOOLS: | |
2119 | .fi | |
2120 | Please see the following web site for updates, further documentation, bug | |
2121 | reports and patches: \fBhttp://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/\fP | |
2122 | ||
2123 | .SH SEE ALSO: | |
2124 | \fBsmartd.conf\fP(5), \fBsmartctl\fP(8), \fBsyslogd\fP(8), | |
2125 | \fBsyslog.conf\fP(5), \fBbadblocks\fP(8), \fBide\-smart\fP(8), \fBregex\fP(7). | |
2126 | ||
2127 | .SH | |
2128 | REFERENCES FOR SMART | |
2129 | .fi | |
2130 | An introductory article about smartmontools is \fIMonitoring Hard | |
2131 | Disks with SMART\fP, by Bruce Allen, Linux Journal, January 2004, | |
2132 | pages 74-77. This is \fBhttp://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6983\fP | |
2133 | online. | |
2134 | ||
2135 | If you would like to understand better how SMART works, and what it | |
2136 | does, a good place to start is with Sections 4.8 and 6.54 of the first | |
2137 | volume of the \'AT Attachment with Packet Interface-7\' (ATA/ATAPI-7) | |
2138 | specification. This documents the SMART functionality which the | |
2139 | \fBsmartmontools\fP utilities provide access to. You can find | |
2140 | Revision 4b of this document at | |
2141 | \fBhttp://www.t13.org/docs2004/d1532v1r4b-ATA-ATAPI-7.pdf\fP . | |
2142 | Earlier and later versions of this Specification are available from | |
2143 | the T13 web site \fBhttp://www.t13.org/\fP . | |
2144 | ||
2145 | .fi | |
2146 | The functioning of SMART was originally defined by the SFF-8035i | |
2147 | revision 2 and the SFF-8055i revision 1.4 specifications. These are | |
2148 | publications of the Small Form Factors (SFF) Committee. Links to | |
2149 | these documents may be found in the References section of the | |
2150 | smartmontools home page at \fBhttp://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/#references\fP . | |
2151 | ||
2152 | .SH | |
2127e193 GI |
2153 | SVN ID OF THIS PAGE: |
2154 | $Id: smartd.8.in 2870 2009-08-02 20:38:30Z manfred99 $ |