DAB.pm

   1 package PVE::DAB;
   2
   3 use strict;
   4 use warnings;
   5 use IO::File;
   6 use File::Path;
   7 use File::Basename;
   8 use IO::Select;
   9 use IPC::Open2;
  10 use IPC::Open3;
  11 use POSIX qw (LONG_MAX);
  12 use UUID;
  13 use Cwd;
  14
  15 # fixme: lock container ?
  16
  17 my $dablibdir = "/usr/lib/dab";
  18 my $devicetar = "$dablibdir/devices.tar.gz";
  19 my $default_env = "$dablibdir/scripts/defenv";
  20 my $fake_init = "$dablibdir/scripts/init.pl";
  21 my $script_ssh_init = "$dablibdir/scripts/ssh_gen_host_keys";
  22 my $script_mysql_randompw = "$dablibdir/scripts/mysql_randompw";
  23 my $script_init_urandom = "$dablibdir/scripts/init_urandom";
  24
  25 my $postfix_main_cf = <<EOD;
  26 # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
  27
  28 smtpd_banner = \$myhostname ESMTP \$mail_name (Debian/GNU)
  29 biff = no
  30
  31 # appending .domain is the MUA's job.
  32 append_dot_mydomain = no
  33
  34 # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
  35 #delay_warning_time = 4h
  36
  37 alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
  38 alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
  39 mydestination = \$myhostname, localhost.\$mydomain, localhost
  40 relayhost =
  41 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
  42 inet_interfaces = loopback-only
  43 recipient_delimiter = +
  44
  45 compatibility_level = 2
  46
  47 EOD
  48
  49 # produce apt compatible filenames (/var/lib/apt/lists)
  50 sub __url_to_filename {
  51     my $url = shift;
  52
  53     $url =~ s|^\S+://||;
  54     $url =~ s|_|%5f|g;
  55     $url =~ s|/|_|g;
  56
  57     return $url;
  58 }
  59
  60 # defaults:
  61 #  origin: debian
  62 #  flags:
  63 #    systemd: true (except for devuan ostypes)
  64 my $supported_suites = {
  65     'bookworm' => {
  66         ostype => "debian-12",
  67     },
  68     'bullseye' => {
  69         ostype => "debian-11",
  70     },
  71     'buster' => {
  72         ostype => "debian-10",
  73     },
  74     'stretch' => {
  75         ostype => "debian-9.0",
  76     },
  77     'jessie' => {
  78         ostype => "debian-8.0",
  79     },
  80     'wheezy' => {
  81         flags => {
  82             systemd => 0,
  83         },
  84         ostype => "debian-7.0",
  85     },
  86     'squeeze' => {
  87         flags => {
  88             systemd => 0,
  89         },
  90         ostype => "debian-6.0",
  91     },
  92     'lenny' => {
  93         flags => {
  94             systemd => 0,
  95         },
  96         ostype => "debian-5.0",
  97     },
  98     'etch' => {
  99         flags => {
 100             systemd => 0,
 101         },
 102         ostype => "debian-4.0",
 103     },
 104
 105 # DEVUAN (imply systemd = 0 default)
 106     'devuan-jessie' => {
 107         suite => 'jessie',
 108         ostype => "devuan-1.0",
 109     },
 110     'devuan-ascii' => {
 111         suite => 'ascii',
 112         ostype => "devuan-2.0",
 113     },
 114     'ascii' => {
 115         ostype => "devuan-2.0",
 116     },
 117     'beowulf' => {
 118         ostype => "devuan-3.0",
 119     },
 120     'chimaera' => {
 121         ostype => "devuan-4.0",
 122     },
 123     'daedalus' => {
 124         ostype => "devuan-5.0",
 125     },
 126
 127 # UBUNTU
 128     'hardy' => {
 129         flags => {
 130             systemd => 0,
 131         },
 132         ostype => "ubuntu-8.04",
 133         origin => 'ubuntu',
 134     },
 135     'intrepid' => {
 136         flags => {
 137             systemd => 0,
 138         },
 139         ostype => "ubuntu-8.10",
 140         origin => 'ubuntu',
 141     },
 142     'jaunty' => {
 143         flags => {
 144             systemd => 0,
 145         },
 146         ostype => "ubuntu-9.04",
 147         origin => 'ubuntu',
 148     },
 149     'precise' => {
 150         flags => {
 151             systemd => 0,
 152         },
 153         ostype => "ubuntu-12.04",
 154         origin => 'ubuntu',
 155     },
 156     'trusty' => {
 157         flags => {
 158             systemd => 0,
 159         },
 160         ostype => "ubuntu-14.04",
 161         origin => 'ubuntu',
 162     },
 163     'vivid' => {
 164         ostype => "ubuntu-15.04",
 165         origin => 'ubuntu',
 166     },
 167     'wily' => {
 168         ostype => "ubuntu-15.10",
 169         origin => 'ubuntu',
 170     },
 171     'xenial' => {
 172         ostype => "ubuntu-16.04",
 173         origin => 'ubuntu',
 174     },
 175     'yakkety' => {
 176         ostype => "ubuntu-16.10",
 177         origin => 'ubuntu',
 178     },
 179     'zesty' => {
 180         ostype => "ubuntu-17.04",
 181         origin => 'ubuntu',
 182     },
 183     'artful' => {
 184         ostype => "ubuntu-17.10",
 185         origin => 'ubuntu',
 186     },
 187     'bionic' => {
 188         ostype => "ubuntu-18.04",
 189         origin => 'ubuntu',
 190     },
 191     'cosmic' => {
 192         ostype => "ubuntu-18.10",
 193         origin => 'ubuntu',
 194     },
 195     'disco' => {
 196         ostype => "ubuntu-19.04",
 197         origin => 'ubuntu',
 198     },
 199     'eoan' => {
 200         ostype => "ubuntu-19.10",
 201         origin => 'ubuntu',
 202     },
 203     'focal' => {
 204         ostype => "ubuntu-20.04",
 205         origin => 'ubuntu',
 206     },
 207     'groovy' => {
 208         ostype => "ubuntu-20.10",
 209         origin => 'ubuntu',
 210     },
 211     'hirsute' => {
 212         ostype => "ubuntu-21.04",
 213         origin => 'ubuntu',
 214     },
 215     'impish' => {
 216         ostype => "ubuntu-21.10",
 217         origin => 'ubuntu',
 218     },
 219     'jammy' => {
 220         ostype => "ubuntu-22.04",
 221         origin => 'ubuntu',
 222     },
 223     'kinetic' => {
 224         ostype => "ubuntu-22.10",
 225         origin => 'ubuntu',
 226     },
 227 };
 228
 229 sub get_suite_info {
 230     my ($suite) = @_;
 231
 232     my $suiteinfo = $supported_suites->{$suite} || die "unsupported suite '$suite'!\n";
 233
 234     # set defaults
 235     $suiteinfo->{origin} //= 'debian';
 236     $suiteinfo->{suite} //= $suite;
 237
 238     $suiteinfo->{flags} //= {};
 239     if ($suiteinfo->{ostype} =~ /^devuan/) {
 240         $suiteinfo->{flags}->{systemd} //= 0;
 241     } else {
 242         $suiteinfo->{flags}->{systemd} //= 1;
 243     }
 244
 245     return $suiteinfo;
 246 }
 247
 248 sub download {
 249     my ($self, $url, $path) = @_;
 250     my $tmpfn = "$path.tmp$$";
 251
 252     $self->logmsg ("download: $url\n");
 253
 254     eval { $self->run_command ("wget -q '$url'  -O '$tmpfn'") };
 255     if (my $err = $@) {
 256         unlink $tmpfn;
 257         die $err;
 258     }
 259
 260     rename ($tmpfn, $path);
 261 }
 262
 263 sub write_file {
 264     my ($data, $file, $perm) = @_;
 265
 266     die "no filename" if !$file;
 267
 268     unlink $file;
 269
 270     my $fh = IO::File->new ($file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, $perm) ||
 271         die "unable to open file '$file'";
 272
 273     print $fh $data;
 274
 275     $fh->close;
 276 }
 277
 278 sub read_file {
 279     my ($file) = @_;
 280
 281     die "no filename" if !$file;
 282
 283     my $fh = IO::File->new ($file) ||
 284         die "unable to open file '$file'";
 285
 286     local $/; # slurp mode
 287
 288     my $data = <$fh>;
 289
 290     $fh->close;
 291
 292     return $data;
 293 }
 294
 295 sub read_config {
 296     my ($filename) = @_;
 297
 298     my $res = {};
 299
 300     my $fh = IO::File->new ("<$filename") || return $res;
 301     my $rec = '';
 302
 303     while (defined (my $line = <$fh>)) {
 304         next if $line =~ m/^\#/;
 305         next if $line =~ m/^\s*$/;
 306         $rec .= $line;
 307     };
 308
 309     close ($fh);
 310
 311     chomp $rec;
 312     $rec .= "\n";
 313
 314     while ($rec) {
 315         if ($rec =~ s/^Description:\s*([^\n]*)(\n\s+.*)*$//si) {
 316             $res->{headline} = $1;
 317             chomp $res->{headline};
 318             my $long = $2;
 319             $long =~ s/^\s+/ /;
 320             $res->{description} = $long;
 321             chomp $res->{description};
 322         } elsif ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s*(.*\S)\s*\n//) {
 323             my ($key, $value) = (lc ($1), $2);
 324             if ($key eq 'source' || $key eq 'mirror') {
 325                 push @{$res->{$key}}, $value;
 326             } else {
 327                 die "duplicate key '$key'\n" if defined ($res->{$key});
 328                 $res->{$key} = $value;
 329             }
 330         } else {
 331             die "unable to parse config file: $rec";
 332         }
 333     }
 334
 335     die "unable to parse config file" if $rec;
 336
 337     return $res;
 338 }
 339
 340 sub run_command {
 341     my ($self, $cmd, $input, $getoutput) = @_;
 342
 343     my $reader = IO::File->new();
 344     my $writer = IO::File->new();
 345     my $error  = IO::File->new();
 346
 347     my $orig_pid = $$;
 348
 349     my $cmdstr = ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY' ? join (' ', @$cmd) : $cmd;
 350
 351     my $pid;
 352     eval {
 353         if (ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY') {
 354             $pid = open3 ($writer, $reader, $error, @$cmd) || die $!;
 355         } else {
 356             $pid = open3 ($writer, $reader, $error, $cmdstr) || die $!;
 357         }
 358     };
 359
 360     my $err = $@;
 361
 362     # catch exec errors
 363     if ($orig_pid != $$) {
 364         $self->logmsg ("ERROR: command '$cmdstr' failed - fork failed\n");
 365         POSIX::_exit (1);
 366         kill ('KILL', $$);
 367     }
 368
 369     die $err if $err;
 370
 371     print $writer $input if defined $input;
 372     close $writer;
 373
 374     my $select = IO::Select->new();
 375     $select->add ($reader);
 376     $select->add ($error);
 377
 378     my $res = '';
 379     my $logfd = $self->{logfd};
 380
 381     while ($select->count) {
 382         my @handles = $select->can_read ();
 383
 384         foreach my $h (@handles) {
 385             my $buf = '';
 386             my $count = sysread ($h, $buf, 4096);
 387             if (!defined ($count)) {
 388                 waitpid ($pid, 0);
 389                 die "command '$cmdstr' failed: $!";
 390             }
 391             $select->remove ($h) if !$count;
 392
 393             print $logfd $buf;
 394
 395             $res .= $buf if $getoutput;
 396         }
 397     }
 398
 399     waitpid ($pid, 0);
 400     my $ec = ($? >> 8);
 401
 402     die "command '$cmdstr' failed with exit code $ec\n" if $ec;
 403
 404     return $res;
 405 }
 406
 407 sub logmsg {
 408     my $self = shift;
 409     print STDERR @_;
 410     $self->writelog (@_);
 411 }
 412
 413 sub writelog {
 414     my $self = shift;
 415     my $fd = $self->{logfd};
 416     print $fd @_;
 417 }
 418
 419 sub __sample_config {
 420     my ($self) = @_;
 421
 422     my $data = '';
 423     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 424
 425     my $ostype = $self->{config}->{ostype};
 426
 427     if ($ostype =~ m/^de(bi|vu)an-/) {
 428         $data .= "lxc.include = /usr/share/lxc/config/debian.common.conf\n";
 429     } elsif ($ostype =~ m/^ubuntu-/) {
 430         $data .= "lxc.include = /usr/share/lxc/config/ubuntu.common.conf\n";
 431     } else {
 432         die "unknown os type '$ostype'\n";
 433     }
 434     $data .= "lxc.uts.name = localhost\n";
 435     $data .= "lxc.rootfs.path = $self->{rootfs}\n";
 436
 437     return $data;
 438 }
 439
 440 sub __allocate_ve {
 441     my ($self) = @_;
 442
 443     my $cid;
 444     if (my $fd = IO::File->new (".veid")) {
 445         $cid = <$fd>;
 446         chomp $cid;
 447         close ($fd);
 448     }
 449
 450
 451     $self->{working_dir} = getcwd;
 452     $self->{veconffile} = "$self->{working_dir}/config";
 453     $self->{rootfs} = "$self->{working_dir}/rootfs";
 454
 455     if ($cid) {
 456         $self->{veid} = $cid;
 457         return $cid;
 458     }
 459
 460     my $uuid;
 461     my $uuid_str;
 462     UUID::generate($uuid);
 463     UUID::unparse($uuid, $uuid_str);
 464     $self->{veid} = $uuid_str;
 465
 466     my $fd = IO::File->new (">.veid") ||
 467         die "unable to write '.veid'\n";
 468     print $fd "$self->{veid}\n";
 469     close ($fd);
 470
 471     my $cdata = $self->__sample_config();
 472
 473     my $fh = IO::File->new ($self->{veconffile}, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL) ||
 474         die "unable to write lxc config file '$self->{veconffile}' - $!";
 475     print $fh $cdata;
 476     close ($fh);
 477
 478     mkdir $self->{rootfs} || die "unable to create rootfs - $!";
 479
 480     $self->logmsg ("allocated VE $self->{veid}\n");
 481
 482     return $self->{veid};
 483 }
 484
 485 # just use some simple heuristic for now, merge usr for releases newer than ubuntu 21.x or debian 11
 486 sub can_usr_merge {
 487     my ($self) = @_;
 488
 489     my $ostype = $self->{config}->{ostype};
 490
 491     # FIXME: add configuration override posibillity
 492
 493     if ($ostype =~ m/^debian-(\d+)/) {
 494         return int($1) >= 11;
 495     } elsif ($ostype =~ m/^ubuntu-(\d+)/) {
 496         return int($1) >= 21;
 497     }
 498     return; # false
 499 }
 500
 501 sub setup_usr_merge {
 502     my ($self) = @_;
 503
 504     my $rootfs = $self->{rootfs};
 505     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 506
 507     # similar to https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/debootstrap/-/blob/master/functions#L1354
 508     my @merged_dirs = qw(bin sbin lib);
 509
 510     if ($arch eq 'amd64') {
 511         push @merged_dirs, qw(lib32 lib64 libx32);
 512     } elsif ($arch eq 'i386') {
 513         push @merged_dirs, qw(lib64 libx32);
 514     }
 515
 516     $self->logmsg ("setup usr-merge symlinks for '" . join("', '", @merged_dirs) . "'\n");
 517
 518     for my $dir (@merged_dirs) {
 519         symlink("usr/$dir", "$rootfs/$dir") or warn "could not create symlink - $!\n";
 520         mkpath "$rootfs/usr/$dir";
 521     }
 522 }
 523
 524 sub new {
 525     my ($class, $config) = @_;
 526
 527     $class = ref ($class) || $class;
 528     $config = read_config ('dab.conf') if !$config;
 529
 530     my $self = {
 531         config => $config,
 532     };
 533     bless $self, $class;
 534
 535     $self->{logfile} = "logfile";
 536     $self->{logfd} = IO::File->new (">>$self->{logfile}") || die "unable to open log file";
 537
 538     my $arch = $config->{architecture} ||die "no 'architecture' specified\n";
 539     die "unsupported architecture '$arch'\n" if $arch !~ m/^(i386|amd64)$/;
 540
 541     my $suite = $config->{suite} || die "no 'suite' specified\n";
 542
 543     my $suiteinfo = get_suite_info($suite);
 544     $suite = $suiteinfo->{suite};
 545     $config->{ostype} = $suiteinfo->{ostype};
 546
 547     my $name = $config->{name} || die "no 'name' specified\n";
 548     $name =~ m/^[a-z][0-9a-z\-\*\.]+$/ || die "illegal characters in name '$name'\n";
 549
 550     # assert required dab.conf keys exist
 551     for my $key (qw(version section headline maintainer)) {
 552         die "no '$key' specified\n" if !$config->{$key};
 553     }
 554     my $version = $config->{version};
 555
 556     if ($name =~ m/^$config->{ostype}/) {
 557         $self->{targetname} = "${name}_${version}_$config->{architecture}";
 558     } else {
 559         $self->{targetname} = "$config->{ostype}-${name}_${version}_$config->{architecture}";
 560     }
 561
 562     if (!$config->{source}) {
 563         if (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'debian') {
 564             if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'lenny') {
 565                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 566                     'http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib',
 567                     'http://security.debian.org SUITE/updates main contrib',
 568                 );
 569             } elsif ($suite =~ /^(?:bullseye|bookworm|trixie|forky)$/) {
 570                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 571                     "http://deb.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib",
 572                     "http://deb.debian.org/debian SUITE-updates main contrib",
 573                     "http://security.debian.org SUITE-security main contrib",
 574                 );
 575             } else {
 576                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 577                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib",
 578                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE-updates main contrib",
 579                     "http://security.debian.org SUITE/updates main contrib",
 580                 );
 581             }
 582         } elsif (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'ubuntu') {
 583             my $comp = "main restricted universe multiverse";
 584             push @{$config->{source}}, (
 585                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE $comp",
 586                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE-updates $comp",
 587                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE-security $comp",
 588             );
 589         } else {
 590             die "implement me";
 591         }
 592     }
 593
 594     my $sources = undef;
 595
 596     foreach my $s (@{$config->{source}}) {
 597         if ($s =~ m@^\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s+(\S+)((\s+(\S+))+)$@) {
 598             my ($url, $su, $components) = ($1, $3, $4);
 599             $su =~ s/SUITE/$suite/;
 600             $components =~ s/^\s+//;
 601             $components =~ s/\s+$//;
 602             my $ca;
 603             foreach my $co (split (/\s+/, $components)) {
 604                 push @$ca, $co;
 605             }
 606             $ca = ['main'] if !$ca;
 607
 608             push @$sources, {
 609                 source => $url,
 610                 comp => $ca,
 611                 suite => $su,
 612             };
 613         } else {
 614             die "syntax error in source spezification '$s'\n";
 615         }
 616     }
 617
 618     foreach my $m (@{$config->{mirror}}) {
 619         if ($m =~ m@^\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s*=>\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s*$@) {
 620             my ($ms, $md) = ($1, $3);
 621             my $found;
 622             foreach my $ss (@$sources) {
 623                 if ($ss->{source} eq $ms) {
 624                     $found = 1;
 625                     $ss->{mirror} = $md;
 626                     last;
 627                 }
 628             }
 629             die "unusable mirror $ms\n" if !$found;
 630         } else {
 631             die "syntax error in mirror spezification '$m'\n";
 632         }
 633     }
 634     $self->{sources} = $sources;
 635     $self->{infodir} = "info";
 636
 637     $self->__allocate_ve();
 638
 639     $self->{cachedir} = ($config->{cachedir} || 'cache')  . "/$suite";;
 640
 641     my $incl = [qw (less ssh openssh-server logrotate)];
 642     my $excl = [qw (modutils reiserfsprogs ppp pppconfig pppoe pppoeconf nfs-common mtools ntp)];
 643
 644     # ubuntu has too many dependencies on udev, so we cannot exclude it (instead we disable udevd)
 645     if (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'ubuntu' && $suiteinfo->{flags}->{systemd}) {
 646         push @$incl, 'isc-dhcp-client';
 647         push @$excl, qw(libmodule-build-perl libdrm-common libdrm2 libplymouth5 plymouth plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text powermgmt-base);
 648         if ($suite eq 'jammy') {
 649             push @$excl, qw(fuse); # avoid fuse2 <-> fuse3 conflict
 650         }
 651     } elsif ($suite eq 'trusty') {
 652         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-services libpam-systemd libsystemd-daemon0 memtest86+);
 653    } elsif ($suite eq 'precise') {
 654         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-services libpam-systemd libsystemd-daemon0 memtest86+ ubuntu-standard);
 655     } elsif ($suite eq 'hardy') {
 656         push @$excl, qw(kbd);
 657         push @$excl, qw(apparmor apparmor-utils ntfs-3g friendly-recovery);
 658     } elsif ($suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
 659         push @$excl, qw(apparmor apparmor-utils libapparmor1 libapparmor-perl libntfs-3g28);
 660         push @$excl, qw(ntfs-3g friendly-recovery);
 661     } elsif ($suite eq 'jessie') {
 662         push @$incl, 'sysvinit-core'; # avoid systemd and udev
 663         push @$incl, 'libperl4-corelibs-perl'; # to make lsof happy
 664         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-sysv udev module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 665     } elsif ($suite eq 'stretch' || $suite eq 'buster' || $suite eq 'bullseye' || $suite eq 'bookworm') {
 666         push @$excl, qw(module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 667      } else {
 668         push @$excl, qw(udev module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 669     }
 670
 671     $self->{incl} = $incl;
 672     $self->{excl} = $excl;
 673
 674     return $self;
 675 }
 676
 677 sub initialize {
 678     my ($self) = @_;
 679
 680     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
 681     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 682
 683     rmtree $infodir;
 684     mkpath $infodir;
 685
 686     # truncate log
 687     my $logfd = $self->{logfd} = IO::File->new (">$self->{logfile}") ||
 688         die "unable to open log file";
 689
 690     my $COMPRESSORS = [
 691         {
 692             ext => 'xz',
 693             decomp => 'xz -d',
 694         },
 695         {
 696             ext => 'gz',
 697             decomp => 'gzip -d',
 698         },
 699     ];
 700
 701     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
 702         my $src = $ss->{mirror} || $ss->{source};
 703         my $path = "dists/$ss->{suite}/Release";
 704         my $url = "$src/$path";
 705         my $target = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/$path");
 706         eval {
 707             $self->download ($url, "$infodir/$target");
 708             $self->download ("$url.gpg", "$infodir/$target.gpg");
 709             # fixme: impl. verify (needs --keyring option)
 710         };
 711         if (my $err = $@) {
 712             print $logfd $@;
 713             warn "Release info ignored\n";
 714         };
 715
 716         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
 717             foreach my $compressor (@$COMPRESSORS) {
 718                 $path = "dists/$ss->{suite}/$comp/binary-$arch/Packages.$compressor->{ext}";
 719                 $target = "$infodir/" . __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/$path");
 720                 my $pkgsrc = "$src/$path";
 721                 eval {
 722                     $self->download ($pkgsrc, $target);
 723                     $self->run_command ("$compressor->{decomp} '$target'");
 724                 };
 725                 if (my $err = $@) {
 726                     print $logfd "could not download Packages.$compressor->{ext}\n";
 727                 } else {
 728                     last;
 729                 }
 730             }
 731         }
 732     }
 733 }
 734
 735 sub write_config {
 736     my ($self, $filename, $size) = @_;
 737
 738     my $config = $self->{config};
 739
 740     my $data = '';
 741
 742     $data .= "Name: $config->{name}\n";
 743     $data .= "Version: $config->{version}\n";
 744     $data .= "Type: lxc\n";
 745     $data .= "OS: $config->{ostype}\n";
 746     $data .= "Section: $config->{section}\n";
 747     $data .= "Maintainer: $config->{maintainer}\n";
 748     $data .= "Architecture: $config->{architecture}\n";
 749     $data .= "Installed-Size: $size\n";
 750
 751     # optional
 752     $data .= "Infopage: $config->{infopage}\n" if $config->{infopage};
 753     $data .= "ManageUrl: $config->{manageurl}\n" if $config->{manageurl};
 754     $data .= "Certified: $config->{certified}\n" if $config->{certified};
 755
 756     # description
 757     $data .= "Description: $config->{headline}\n";
 758     $data .= "$config->{description}\n" if $config->{description};
 759
 760     write_file ($data, $filename, 0644);
 761 }
 762
 763 sub finalize {
 764     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
 765
 766     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
 767     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
 768     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 769
 770     my $instpkgs = $self->read_installed ();
 771     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
 772     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 773     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 774     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 775
 776     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
 777     die "ve not running - unable to finalize\n" if !$vestat->{running};
 778
 779     # cleanup mysqld
 780     if (-f "$rootdir/etc/init.d/mysql") {
 781         $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/mysql stop");
 782     }
 783
 784     if (!($opts->{keepmycnf} || (-f "$rootdir/etc/init.d/mysql_randompw"))) {
 785         unlink "$rootdir/root/.my.cnf";
 786     }
 787
 788     if ($suite eq 'etch') {
 789         # enable apache2 startup
 790         if ($instpkgs->{apache2}) {
 791             write_file ("NO_START=0\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2");
 792         } else {
 793             unlink "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2";
 794         }
 795     }
 796     $self->logmsg ("cleanup package status\n");
 797     # prevent auto selection of all standard, required or important
 798     # packages which are not installed
 799     foreach my $pkg (keys %$pkginfo) {
 800         my $pri = $pkginfo->{$pkg}->{priority};
 801         if ($pri && ($pri eq 'required' || $pri eq 'important'
 802                      || $pri eq 'standard')) {
 803             if (!$instpkgs->{$pkg}) {
 804                 $self->ve_dpkg_set_selection ($pkg, 'purge');
 805             }
 806         }
 807     }
 808
 809     $self->ve_command ("apt-get clean");
 810
 811     $self->logmsg ("update available package list\n");
 812
 813     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --clear-avail");
 814     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
 815         my $relsrc = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/Release");
 816         if (-f "$infodir/$relsrc" && -f "$infodir/$relsrc.gpg") {
 817             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$relsrc' '$rootdir/var/lib/apt/lists/$relsrc'");
 818             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$relsrc.gpg' '$rootdir/var/lib/apt/lists/$relsrc.gpg'");
 819         }
 820         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
 821             my $src = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/" .
 822                                          "$comp/binary-$arch/Packages");
 823             my $target = "/var/lib/apt/lists/$src";
 824             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$src' '$rootdir/$target'");
 825             $self->ve_command ("dpkg --merge-avail '$target'");
 826         }
 827     }
 828
 829     # set dselect default method
 830     write_file ("apt apt\n", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/cmethopt");
 831
 832     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d");
 833
 834     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/sbin/start-stop-daemon");
 835
 836     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/sbin/init");
 837
 838     # finally stop the VE
 839     $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
 840
 841     unlink "$rootdir/sbin/defenv";
 842     unlink <$rootdir/root/dead.letter*>;
 843     unlink "$rootdir/var/log/init.log";
 844     unlink "$rootdir/aquota.group", "$rootdir/aquota.user";
 845
 846     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/log/syslog");
 847
 848     my $get_path_size = sub {
 849         my ($path) = @_;
 850         my $sizestr = $self->run_command ("du -sm $path", undef, 1);
 851         if ($sizestr =~ m/^(\d+)\s+\Q$path\E$/) {
 852             return int($1);
 853         } else {
 854             die "unable to detect size for '$path'\n";
 855         }
 856     };
 857
 858     $self->logmsg ("detecting final appliance size: ");
 859     my $size = $get_path_size->($rootdir);
 860     $self->logmsg ("$size MB\n");
 861
 862     $self->write_config ("$rootdir/etc/appliance.info", $size);
 863
 864     $self->logmsg ("creating final appliance archive\n");
 865
 866     my $target = "$self->{targetname}.tar";
 867
 868     my $compressor = $opts->{compressor} // 'gz';
 869     my $compressor2cmd_map = {
 870         gz => 'gzip',
 871         gzip => 'gzip',
 872         zst => 'zstd --rm -9',
 873         zstd => 'zstd --rm -9',
 874         'zstd-max' => 'zstd --rm -19 -T0', # maximal level where the decompressor can still run efficiently
 875     };
 876     my $compressor2ending = {
 877         gzip => 'gz',
 878         zstd => 'zst',
 879         'zstd-max' => 'zst',
 880     };
 881     my $compressor_cmd = $compressor2cmd_map->{$compressor};
 882     die "unkown compressor '$compressor', use one of: ". join(', ', sort keys %$compressor2cmd_map)
 883         if !defined($compressor_cmd);
 884
 885     my $ending = $compressor2ending->{$compressor} // $compressor;
 886     my $final_archive = "${target}.${ending}";
 887     unlink $target;
 888     unlink $final_archive;
 889
 890     $self->run_command ("tar cpf $target --numeric-owner -C '$rootdir' ./etc/appliance.info");
 891     $self->run_command ("tar rpf $target --numeric-owner -C '$rootdir' --exclude ./etc/appliance.info .");
 892     $self->run_command ("$compressor_cmd $target");
 893
 894     $self->logmsg ("detecting final commpressed appliance size: ");
 895     $size = $get_path_size->($final_archive);
 896     $self->logmsg ("$size MB\n");
 897
 898     $self->logmsg ("appliance archive: $final_archive\n");
 899 }
 900
 901 sub read_installed {
 902     my ($self) = @_;
 903
 904     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 905
 906     my $pkgfilelist = "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/status";
 907     local $/ = '';
 908     open(my $PKGLST, '<', $pkgfilelist) or die "unable to open '$pkgfilelist' - $!";
 909
 910     my $pkglist = {};
 911
 912     while (my $rec = <$PKGLST>) {
 913         chomp $rec;
 914         $rec =~ s/\n\s+/ /g;
 915         $rec .= "\n";
 916         my $res = {};
 917
 918         while ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s+(.*?)\s*\n//) {
 919             $res->{lc $1} = $2;
 920         }
 921
 922         my $pkg = $res->{'package'};
 923         if (my $status = $res->{status}) {
 924             my @sa = split (/\s+/, $status);
 925             my $stat = $sa[0];
 926             if ($stat && ($stat ne 'purge')) {
 927                 $pkglist->{$pkg} = $res;
 928             }
 929         }
 930     }
 931
 932     close ($PKGLST);
 933
 934     return $pkglist;
 935 }
 936
 937 sub ve_status {
 938     my ($self) = @_;
 939
 940     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 941
 942     my $res = { running => 0 };
 943
 944     $res->{exist} = 1 if -d "$self->{rootfs}/usr";
 945
 946     my $filename = "/proc/net/unix";
 947
 948     # similar test is used by lcxcontainers.c: list_active_containers
 949     my $fh = IO::File->new ($filename, "r");
 950     return $res if !$fh;
 951
 952     while (defined(my $line = <$fh>)) {
 953         if ($line =~ m/^[a-f0-9]+:\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\d+\s(\S+)$/) {
 954             my $path = $1;
 955             if ($path =~ m!^@/\S+/$veid/command$!) {
 956                 $res->{running} = 1;
 957             }
 958         }
 959     }
 960     close($fh);
 961
 962     return $res;
 963 }
 964
 965 sub ve_command {
 966     my ($self, $cmd, $input) = @_;
 967
 968     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 969     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 970
 971     if (ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY') {
 972         unshift @$cmd, 'lxc-attach', '-n', $veid, '--rcfile', $conffile, '--clear-env', '--', 'defenv';
 973         $self->run_command($cmd, $input);
 974     } else {
 975         $self->run_command("lxc-attach -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --clear-env -- defenv $cmd", $input);
 976     }
 977 }
 978
 979 # like ve_command, but pipes stdin correctly
 980 sub ve_exec {
 981     my ($self, @cmd) = @_;
 982
 983     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 984     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 985
 986     my $reader;
 987     my $pid = open2($reader, "<&STDIN", 'lxc-attach', '-n', $veid,  '--rcfile', $conffile, '--',
 988                     'defenv', @cmd) || die "unable to exec command";
 989
 990     while (defined (my $line = <$reader>)) {
 991         $self->logmsg ($line);
 992     }
 993
 994     waitpid ($pid, 0);
 995     my $rc = $? >> 8;
 996
 997     die "ve_exec failed - status $rc\n" if $rc != 0;
 998 }
 999
1000 sub ve_divert_add {
1001     my ($self, $filename) = @_;
1002
1003     $self->ve_command ("dpkg-divert --add --divert '$filename.distrib' " .
1004                        "--rename '$filename'");
1005 }
1006 sub ve_divert_remove {
1007     my ($self, $filename) = @_;
1008
1009     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1010
1011     unlink "$rootdir/$filename";
1012     $self->ve_command ("dpkg-divert --remove --rename '$filename'");
1013 }
1014
1015 sub ve_debconfig_set {
1016     my ($self, $dcdata) = @_;
1017
1018     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1019     my $cfgfile = "/tmp/debconf.txt";
1020     write_file ($dcdata, "$rootdir/$cfgfile");
1021     $self->ve_command ("debconf-set-selections $cfgfile");
1022     unlink "$rootdir/$cfgfile";
1023 }
1024
1025 sub ve_dpkg_set_selection {
1026     my ($self, $pkg, $status) = @_;
1027
1028     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --set-selections", "$pkg $status");
1029 }
1030
1031 sub ve_dpkg {
1032     my ($self, $cmd, @pkglist) = @_;
1033
1034     return if !scalar (@pkglist);
1035
1036     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1037
1038     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1039     my $cachedir = $self->{cachedir};
1040
1041     my @files;
1042
1043     foreach my $pkg (@pkglist) {
1044         my $filename = $self->getpkgfile ($pkg);
1045         $self->run_command ("cp '$cachedir/$filename' '$rootdir/$filename'");
1046         push @files, "/$filename";
1047         $self->logmsg ("$cmd: $pkg\n");
1048     }
1049
1050     my $fl = join (' ', @files);
1051
1052     if ($cmd eq 'install') {
1053         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-depends --force-confold --install $fl");
1054     } elsif ($cmd eq 'unpack') {
1055         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-depends --unpack $fl");
1056     } else {
1057         die "internal error";
1058     }
1059
1060     foreach my $fn (@files) { unlink "$rootdir$fn"; }
1061 }
1062
1063 sub ve_destroy {
1064     my ($self) = @_;
1065
1066     my $veid = $self->{veid}; # fixme
1067     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1068
1069     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1070     if ($vestat->{running}) {
1071         $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
1072     }
1073
1074     rmtree $self->{rootfs};
1075     unlink $self->{veconffile};
1076 }
1077
1078 sub ve_init {
1079     my ($self) = @_;
1080
1081     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1082     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1083
1084     $self->logmsg ("initialize VE $veid\n");
1085
1086     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1087     if ($vestat->{running}) {
1088         $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
1089     }
1090
1091     rmtree $self->{rootfs};
1092     mkpath $self->{rootfs};
1093 }
1094
1095 sub __deb_version_cmp {
1096     my ($cur, $op, $new) = @_;
1097
1098     if (system("dpkg", "--compare-versions", $cur, $op, $new) == 0) {
1099         return 1;
1100     }
1101
1102     return 0;
1103 }
1104
1105 sub __parse_packages {
1106     my ($pkginfo, $filename, $src) = @_;
1107
1108     local $/ = '';
1109     open(my $PKGLST, '<', $filename) or die "unable to open '$filename' - $!";
1110
1111     while (my $rec = <$PKGLST>) {
1112         $rec =~ s/\n\s+/ /g;
1113         chomp $rec;
1114         $rec .= "\n";
1115
1116         my $res = {};
1117
1118         while ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s+(.*?)\s*\n//) {
1119             $res->{lc $1} = $2;
1120         }
1121
1122         my $pkg = $res->{'package'};
1123         if ($pkg && $res->{'filename'}) {
1124             my $cur;
1125             if (my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg}) {
1126                 $cur = $info->{version};
1127             }
1128             my $new = $res->{version};
1129             if (!$cur || __deb_version_cmp ($cur, 'lt', $new)) {
1130                 if ($src) {
1131                     $res->{url} = "$src/$res->{'filename'}";
1132                 } else {
1133                     die "no url for package '$pkg'" if !$res->{url};
1134                 }
1135                 $pkginfo->{$pkg} = $res;
1136             }
1137         }
1138     }
1139
1140     close ($PKGLST);
1141 }
1142
1143 sub pkginfo {
1144     my ($self) = @_;
1145
1146     return $self->{pkginfo} if $self->{pkginfo};
1147
1148     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
1149     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
1150
1151     my $availfn = "$infodir/available";
1152
1153     my $pkginfo = {};
1154     my $pkgcount = 0;
1155
1156     # reading 'available' is faster, because it only contains latest version
1157     # (no need to do slow version compares)
1158     if (-f $availfn) {
1159             __parse_packages ($pkginfo, $availfn);
1160             $self->{pkginfo} = $pkginfo;
1161             return $pkginfo;
1162     }
1163
1164     $self->logmsg ("generating available package list\n");
1165
1166     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
1167         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
1168             my $url = "$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/$comp/binary-$arch/Packages";
1169             my $pkgfilelist = "$infodir/" . __url_to_filename ($url);
1170
1171             my $src = $ss->{mirror} || $ss->{source};
1172
1173             __parse_packages ($pkginfo, $pkgfilelist, $src);
1174         }
1175     }
1176
1177     if (my $dep = $self->{config}->{depends}) {
1178         foreach my $d (split (/,/, $dep)) {
1179             if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)\s*(\((\S+)\s+(\S+)\)\s*)?$/) {
1180                 my ($pkg, $op, $rver) = ($1, $3, $4);
1181                 $self->logmsg ("checking dependencies: $d\n");
1182                 my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg};
1183                 die "package '$pkg' not available\n" if !$info;
1184                 if ($op) {
1185                     my $cver = $info->{version};
1186                     if (!__deb_version_cmp ($cver, $op, $rver)) {
1187                         die "detected wrong version '$cver'\n";
1188                     }
1189                 }
1190             } else {
1191                 die "syntax error in depends field";
1192             }
1193         }
1194     }
1195
1196     $self->{pkginfo} = $pkginfo;
1197
1198     my $tmpfn = "$availfn.tmp$$";
1199     my $fd = IO::File->new (">$tmpfn");
1200     foreach my $pkg (sort keys %$pkginfo) {
1201         my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg};
1202         print $fd "package: $pkg\n";
1203         foreach my $k (sort keys %$info) {
1204             next if $k eq 'description';
1205             next if $k eq 'package';
1206             my $v = $info->{$k};
1207             print $fd "$k: $v\n" if $v;
1208         }
1209         print $fd "description: $info->{description}\n" if $info->{description};
1210         print $fd "\n";
1211     }
1212     close ($fd);
1213
1214     rename ($tmpfn, $availfn);
1215
1216     return $pkginfo;
1217 }
1218
1219 sub __record_provides {
1220     my ($pkginfo, $closure, $list, $skipself) = @_;
1221
1222     foreach my $pname (@$list) {
1223         my $info = $pkginfo->{$pname};
1224         # fixme: if someone install packages directly using dpkg, there
1225         # is no entry in 'available', only in 'status'. In that case, we
1226         # should extract info from $instpkgs
1227         if (!$info) {
1228             warn "hint: ignoring provides for '$pname' - package not in 'available' list.\n";
1229             next;
1230         }
1231         if (my $prov = $info->{provides}) {
1232             my @pl = split (',', $prov);
1233             foreach my $p (@pl) {
1234                 $p =~ m/\s*(\S+)/;
1235                 if (!($skipself && (grep { $1 eq $_ } @$list))) {
1236                     $closure->{$1} = 1;
1237                 }
1238             }
1239         }
1240         $closure->{$pname} = 1 if !$skipself;
1241     }
1242 }
1243
1244 sub closure {
1245     my ($self, $closure, $list) = @_;
1246
1247     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1248
1249     # first, record provided packages
1250     __record_provides ($pkginfo, $closure, $list, 1);
1251
1252     my $pkghash = {};
1253     my $pkglist = [];
1254
1255     # then resolve dependencies
1256     foreach my $pname (@$list) {
1257         __closure_single ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $pname, $self->{excl});
1258     }
1259
1260     return $pkglist;
1261 }
1262
1263 sub __closure_single {
1264     my ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $pname, $excl) = @_;
1265
1266     $pname =~ s/^\s+//;
1267     $pname =~ s/\s+$//;
1268     $pname =~ s/:any$//;
1269
1270     return if $closure->{$pname};
1271
1272     my $info = $pkginfo->{$pname} || die "no such package '$pname'";
1273
1274     my $dep = $info->{depends};
1275     my $predep = $info->{'pre-depends'};
1276
1277     my $size = $info->{size};
1278     my $url = $info->{url};
1279
1280     $url || die "$pname: no url for package '$pname'";
1281
1282     if (!$pkghash->{$pname}) {
1283         unshift @$pkglist, $pname;
1284         $pkghash->{$pname} = 1;
1285     }
1286
1287     __record_provides ($pkginfo, $closure, [$pname]) if $info->{provides};
1288
1289     $closure->{$pname} = 1;
1290
1291     #print "$url\n";
1292
1293     my @l;
1294
1295     push  @l, split (/,/, $predep) if $predep;
1296     push  @l, split (/,/, $dep) if $dep;
1297
1298   DEPEND: foreach my $p (@l) {
1299       my @l1 = split (/\|/, $p);
1300       foreach my $p1 (@l1) {
1301           if ($p1 =~ m/^\s*(\S+).*/) {
1302               #printf (STDERR "$pname: $p --> $1\n");
1303               if ($closure->{$1}) {
1304                   next DEPEND; # dependency already met
1305               }
1306           }
1307       }
1308       # search for non-excluded alternative
1309       my $found;
1310       foreach my $p1 (@l1) {
1311           if ($p1 =~ m/^\s*(\S+).*/) {
1312               next if grep { $1 eq $_ } @$excl;
1313               $found = $1;
1314               last;
1315           }
1316       }
1317       die "package '$pname' depends on exclusion '$p'\n" if !$found;
1318
1319       #printf (STDERR "$pname: $p --> $found\n");
1320
1321       __closure_single ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $found, $excl);
1322   }
1323 }
1324
1325 sub cache_packages {
1326     my ($self, $pkglist) = @_;
1327
1328     foreach my $pkg (@$pkglist) {
1329         $self->getpkgfile ($pkg);
1330     }
1331 }
1332
1333 sub getpkgfile {
1334     my ($self, $pkg) = @_;
1335
1336     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1337     my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg} || die "no such package '$pkg'";
1338     my $cachedir = $self->{cachedir};
1339
1340     my $url = $info->{url};
1341
1342     my $filename;
1343     if ($url =~ m|/([^/]+.deb)$|) {
1344         $filename = $1;
1345     } else {
1346         die "internal error";
1347     }
1348
1349     return $filename if -f "$cachedir/$filename";
1350
1351     mkpath $cachedir;
1352
1353     $self->download ($url, "$cachedir/$filename");
1354
1355     return $filename;
1356 }
1357
1358 sub install_init_script {
1359     my ($self, $script, $runlevel, $prio) = @_;
1360
1361     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1362     my $suiteinfo = get_suite_info($suite);
1363     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1364
1365     my $base = basename ($script);
1366     my $target = "$rootdir/etc/init.d/$base";
1367
1368     $self->run_command ("install -m 0755 '$script' '$target'");
1369     if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'lenny') {
1370         $self->ve_command ("update-rc.d $base start $prio $runlevel .");
1371     } elsif ($suiteinfo->{flags}->{systemd}) {
1372         die "unable to install init script (system uses systemd)\n";
1373     } elsif ($suite eq 'trusty' || $suite eq 'precise') {
1374         die "unable to install init script (system uses upstart)\n";
1375     } else {
1376         $self->ve_command ("insserv $base");
1377     }
1378
1379     return $target;
1380 }
1381
1382 sub bootstrap {
1383     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1384
1385     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1386     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1387     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1388     my $suiteinfo = get_suite_info($suite);
1389
1390     my $important = [ @{$self->{incl}} ];
1391     my $required;
1392     my $standard;
1393
1394     my $mta = $opts->{exim} ? 'exim' : 'postfix';
1395     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1396         push @$important, "postfix";
1397     }
1398
1399     if ($opts->{include}) {
1400         push @$important, split(',', $opts->{include});
1401     }
1402
1403     my $exclude = {};
1404     if ($opts->{exclude}) {
1405         $exclude->{$_} = 1 for split(',', $opts->{exclude});
1406     }
1407
1408     foreach my $p (sort keys %$pkginfo) {
1409         next if grep { $p eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1410         my $pri = $pkginfo->{$p}->{priority};
1411         next if !$pri;
1412         next if $mta ne 'exim' && $p =~ m/exim/;
1413         next if $p =~ m/(selinux|semanage|policycoreutils)/;
1414
1415         push @$required, $p  if $pri eq 'required';
1416         next if $exclude->{$p};
1417         push @$important, $p if $pri eq 'important';
1418         push @$standard, $p if $pri eq 'standard' && !$opts->{minimal};
1419     }
1420
1421     my $closure = {};
1422     $required = $self->closure($closure, $required);
1423     $important = $self->closure($closure, $important);
1424
1425     if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1426         $standard = $self->closure($closure, $standard);
1427     }
1428
1429     # test if we have all 'ubuntu-minimal' and 'ubuntu-standard' packages
1430     # except those explicitly excluded
1431     if ($suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1432         my $mdeps = $pkginfo->{'ubuntu-minimal'}->{depends};
1433         foreach my $d (split (/,/, $mdeps)) {
1434             if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)$/) {
1435                 my $pkg = $1;
1436                 next if $closure->{$pkg};
1437                 next if grep { $pkg eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1438                 die "missing ubuntu-minimal package '$pkg'\n";
1439             }
1440         }
1441         if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1442             $mdeps = $pkginfo->{'ubuntu-standard'}->{depends};
1443             foreach my $d (split (/,/, $mdeps)) {
1444                 if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)$/) {
1445                     my $pkg = $1;
1446                     next if $closure->{$pkg};
1447                     next if grep { $pkg eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1448                     die "missing ubuntu-standard package '$pkg'\n";
1449                 }
1450             }
1451         }
1452     }
1453
1454     # download/cache all files first
1455     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1456     $self->cache_packages ($important);
1457     $self->cache_packages ($standard);
1458
1459     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1460
1461     # extract required packages first
1462     $self->logmsg ("create basic environment\n");
1463
1464     if ($self->can_usr_merge()) {
1465         $self->setup_usr_merge();
1466     }
1467
1468     my $compressor2opt = {
1469         'zst' => '--zstd',
1470         'gz' => '--gzip',
1471         'xz' => '--xz',
1472     };
1473     my $compressor_re = join('|', keys $compressor2opt->%*);
1474
1475     $self->logmsg ("extract required packages to rootfs\n");
1476     foreach my $p (@$required) {
1477         my $filename = $self->getpkgfile ($p);
1478         my $content = $self->run_command("ar -t '$self->{cachedir}/$filename'", undef, 1);
1479         if ($content =~ m/^(data.tar.($compressor_re))$/m) {
1480             my $archive = $1;
1481             my $tar_opts = "--keep-directory-symlink $compressor2opt->{$2}";
1482
1483             $self->run_command("ar -p '$self->{cachedir}/$filename' '$archive' | tar -C '$rootdir' -xf - $tar_opts");
1484         } else {
1485             die "unexpected error for $p: no data.tar.{xz,gz,zst} found...";
1486         }
1487     }
1488
1489     # fake dpkg status
1490     my $data = "Package: dpkg\n" .
1491         "Version: $pkginfo->{dpkg}->{version}\n" .
1492         "Status: install ok installed\n";
1493
1494     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/status");
1495     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/info/dpkg.list");
1496     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/available");
1497
1498     $data = '';
1499     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
1500         my $url = $ss->{source};
1501         my $comp = join (' ', @{$ss->{comp}});
1502         $data .= "deb $url $ss->{suite} $comp\n\n";
1503     }
1504
1505     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/apt/sources.list");
1506
1507     $data = "# UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM\n";
1508     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/fstab", 0644);
1509
1510     write_file ("localhost\n", "$rootdir/etc/hostname", 0644);
1511
1512     # avoid warnings about non-existent resolv.conf
1513     write_file ("", "$rootdir/etc/resolv.conf", 0644);
1514
1515     if (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'ubuntu' && $suiteinfo->{flags}->{systemd}) {
1516         # no need to configure loopback device
1517         # FIXME: Debian (systemd based?) too?
1518     } else {
1519         $data = "auto lo\niface lo inet loopback\n";
1520         mkdir "$rootdir/etc/network";
1521         write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/network/interfaces", 0644);
1522     }
1523
1524     # setup devices
1525     $self->run_command ("tar xzf '$devicetar' -C '$rootdir'");
1526
1527     # avoid warnings about missing default locale
1528     write_file ("LANG=\"C\"\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/locale", 0644);
1529
1530     # fake init
1531     rename ("$rootdir/sbin/init", "$rootdir/sbin/init.org");
1532     $self->run_command ("cp '$fake_init' '$rootdir/sbin/init'");
1533
1534     $self->run_command ("cp '$default_env' '$rootdir/sbin/defenv'");
1535
1536     $self->run_command ("lxc-start -n $veid -f $self->{veconffile}");
1537
1538     $self->logmsg ("initialize ld cache\n");
1539     $self->ve_command ("/sbin/ldconfig");
1540     $self->run_command ("ln -sf mawk '$rootdir/usr/bin/awk'");
1541
1542     $self->logmsg ("installing packages\n");
1543
1544     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'base-files', 'base-passwd');
1545
1546     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'dpkg');
1547
1548     $self->run_command ("ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC '$rootdir/etc/localtime'");
1549
1550     $self->run_command ("ln -sf bash '$rootdir/bin/sh'");
1551
1552     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'libc6');
1553     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'perl-base');
1554
1555     unlink "$rootdir/usr/bin/awk";
1556
1557     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'mawk');
1558     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'debconf');
1559
1560     # unpack required packages
1561     foreach my $p (@$required) {
1562         $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1563     }
1564
1565     rename ("$rootdir/sbin/init.org", "$rootdir/sbin/init");
1566     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/init");
1567     $self->run_command ("cp '$fake_init' '$rootdir/sbin/init'");
1568
1569     # disable service activation
1570     $self->ve_divert_add ("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d");
1571     $data = "#!/bin/sh\nexit 101\n";
1572     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d", 755);
1573
1574     # disable start-stop-daemon
1575     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/start-stop-daemon");
1576     $data = <<EOD;
1577 #!/bin/sh
1578 echo
1579 echo \"Warning: Fake start-stop-daemon called, doing nothing\"
1580 EOD
1581     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/sbin/start-stop-daemon", 0755);
1582
1583     # disable udevd
1584     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/udevd");
1585
1586     if ($suite eq 'etch') {
1587         write_file ("NO_START=1\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2"); # disable apache2 startup
1588     }
1589
1590     $self->logmsg ("configure required packages\n");
1591     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1592
1593     # set postfix defaults
1594     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1595         $data = "postfix postfix/main_mailer_type select Local only\n";
1596         $self->ve_debconfig_set ($data);
1597
1598         $data = "postmaster: root\nwebmaster: root\n";
1599         write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/aliases");
1600     }
1601
1602     if ($suite eq 'jaunty') {
1603         # jaunty does not create /var/run/network, so network startup fails.
1604         # so we do not use tmpfs for /var/run and /var/lock
1605         $self->run_command ("sed -e 's/RAMRUN=yes/RAMRUN=no/' -e 's/RAMLOCK=yes/RAMLOCK=no/'  -i $rootdir/etc/default/rcS");
1606         # and create the directory here
1607         $self->run_command ("mkdir $rootdir/var/run/network");
1608     }
1609
1610     # unpack base packages
1611     foreach my $p (@$important) {
1612         $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1613     }
1614
1615     # start loopback
1616     if (-x "$rootdir/sbin/ifconfig") {
1617         $self->ve_command ("ifconfig lo up");
1618     } else {
1619         $self->ve_command ("ip link set lo up");
1620     }
1621
1622     $self->logmsg ("configure important packages\n");
1623     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1624
1625     if (-d "$rootdir/etc/event.d") {
1626         unlink <$rootdir/etc/event.d/tty*>;
1627     }
1628
1629     if (-f "$rootdir/etc/inittab") {
1630         $self->run_command ("sed -i -e '/getty\\s38400\\stty[23456]/d' '$rootdir/etc/inittab'");
1631     }
1632
1633     # Link /etc/mtab to /proc/mounts, so df and friends will work:
1634     unlink "$rootdir/etc/mtab";
1635     $self->ve_command ("ln -s /proc/mounts /etc/mtab");
1636
1637     # reset password
1638     $self->ve_command ("usermod -L root");
1639
1640     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1641         $data = "postfix postfix/main_mailer_type select No configuration\n";
1642         $self->ve_debconfig_set ($data);
1643
1644         unlink "$rootdir/etc/mailname";
1645         write_file ($postfix_main_cf, "$rootdir/etc/postfix/main.cf");
1646     }
1647
1648     if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1649         # unpack standard packages
1650         foreach my $p (@$standard) {
1651             $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1652         }
1653
1654         $self->logmsg ("configure standard packages\n");
1655         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1656     }
1657
1658     # disable HWCLOCK access
1659     $self->run_command ("echo 'HWCLOCKACCESS=no' >> '$rootdir/etc/default/rcS'");
1660
1661     # disable hald
1662     $self->ve_divert_add ("/usr/sbin/hald");
1663
1664     # disable /dev/urandom init
1665     $self->run_command ("install -m 0755 '$script_init_urandom' '$rootdir/etc/init.d/urandom'");
1666
1667     if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1668         # avoid klogd start
1669         $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/klogd");
1670     }
1671
1672     # remove unnecessays sysctl entries to avoid warnings
1673     my $cmd = 'sed';
1674     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(kernel\.printk.*\)/#\1/\'';
1675     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(kernel\.maps_protect.*\)/#\1/\'';
1676     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(fs\.inotify\.max_user_watches.*\)/#\1/\'';
1677     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(vm\.mmap_min_addr.*\)/#\1/\'';
1678     $cmd .= " -i '$rootdir/etc/sysctl.conf'";
1679     $self->run_command ($cmd);
1680
1681     my $bindv6only = "$rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/bindv6only.conf";
1682     if (-f $bindv6only) {
1683         $cmd = 'sed';
1684         $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(net\.ipv6\.bindv6only.*\)/#\1/\'';
1685         $cmd .= " -i '$bindv6only'";
1686         $self->run_command ($cmd);
1687     }
1688
1689     if ($suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1690         # disable tty init (console-setup)
1691         my $cmd = 'sed';
1692         $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(ACTIVE_CONSOLES=.*\)/ACTIVE_CONSOLES=/\'';
1693         $cmd .= " -i '$rootdir/etc/default/console-setup'";
1694         $self->run_command ($cmd);
1695     }
1696
1697     if ($suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1698         # remove sysctl setup (avoid warnings at startup)
1699         my $filelist = "$rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-console-messages.conf";
1700         $filelist .= " $rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-process-security.conf" if $suite eq 'intrepid';
1701         $filelist .= " $rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf";
1702         $self->run_command ("rm $filelist");
1703     }
1704
1705     if (-e "$rootdir/lib/systemd/system/sys-kernel-config.mount") {
1706         $self->ve_command ("ln -s /dev/null /etc/systemd/system/sys-kernel-debug.mount");
1707     }
1708 }
1709
1710 sub enter {
1711     my ($self) = @_;
1712
1713     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1714     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1715
1716     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1717
1718     if (!$vestat->{exist}) {
1719         $self->logmsg ("Please create the appliance first (bootstrap)");
1720         return;
1721     }
1722
1723     if (!$vestat->{running}) {
1724         $self->run_command ("lxc-start -n $veid -f $conffile");
1725     }
1726
1727     system ("lxc-attach -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --clear-env");
1728 }
1729
1730 sub ve_mysql_command {
1731     my ($self, $sql, $password) = @_;
1732
1733     #my $bootstrap = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables " .
1734     #"--skip-bdb  --skip-innodb --skip-ndbcluster";
1735
1736     $self->ve_command ("mysql", $sql);
1737 }
1738
1739 sub ve_mysql_bootstrap {
1740     my ($self, $sql, $password) = @_;
1741
1742     my $cmd;
1743
1744     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1745
1746     if ($suite eq 'jessie') {
1747         my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1748         $self->run_command ("sed -e 's/^key_buffer\\s*=/key_buffer_size =/' -i $rootdir/etc/mysql/my.cnf");
1749     }
1750
1751     if ($suite eq 'squeeze' || $suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie') {
1752         $cmd = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables";
1753
1754     } else {
1755         $cmd = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables " .
1756             "--skip-bdb  --skip-innodb --skip-ndbcluster";
1757     }
1758
1759     $self->ve_command ($cmd, $sql);
1760 }
1761
1762 sub compute_required {
1763     my ($self, $pkglist) = @_;
1764
1765     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1766     my $instpkgs = $self->read_installed ();
1767
1768     my $closure = {};
1769     __record_provides($pkginfo, $closure, [keys $instpkgs->%*]);
1770
1771     return $self->closure ($closure, $pkglist);
1772 }
1773
1774 sub task_postgres {
1775     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1776
1777     my @supp = ('7.4', '8.1');
1778     my $pgversion; # NOTE: not setting that defaults to the distro default, normally the best choice
1779
1780     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1781
1782     if ($suite eq 'lenny' || $suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1783         @supp = ('8.3');
1784         $pgversion = '8.3';
1785     } elsif ($suite eq 'squeeze') {
1786         @supp = ('8.4');
1787         $pgversion = '8.4';
1788     } elsif ($suite eq 'wheezy') {
1789         @supp = ('9.1');
1790         $pgversion = '9.1';
1791     } elsif ($suite eq 'jessie') {
1792         @supp = ('9.4');
1793         $pgversion = '9.4';
1794     } elsif ($suite eq 'stretch') {
1795         @supp = ('9.6');
1796         $pgversion = '9.6';
1797     } elsif ($suite eq 'buster') {
1798         @supp = ('11');
1799         $pgversion = '11';
1800     } elsif ($suite eq 'bullseye') {
1801         @supp = ('13');
1802     } elsif ($suite eq 'bookworm') {
1803         # FIXME: update once froozen
1804         @supp = ('13', '14');
1805     }
1806     $pgversion = $opts->{version} if $opts->{version};
1807
1808     my $required;
1809     if (defined($pgversion)) {
1810         die "unsupported postgres version '$pgversion'\n" if !grep { $pgversion eq $_; } @supp;
1811
1812         $required = $self->compute_required (["postgresql-$pgversion"]);
1813     } else {
1814         $required = $self->compute_required (["postgresql"]);
1815     }
1816
1817     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1818
1819     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1820
1821     my $iscript = "postgresql-$pgversion";
1822     if ($suite eq 'squeeze' || $suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie' ||
1823         $suite eq 'stretch') {
1824         $iscript = 'postgresql';
1825     }
1826
1827     $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/$iscript start") if $opts->{start};
1828 }
1829
1830 sub task_mysql {
1831     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1832
1833     my $password = $opts->{password};
1834     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1835
1836     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1837
1838     my $ver = '5.0';
1839     if ($suite eq 'squeeze') {
1840       $ver = '5.1';
1841     } elsif ($suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie') {
1842       $ver = '5.5';
1843     } else {
1844         die "task_mysql: unsupported suite '$suite'";
1845     }
1846
1847     my $required = $self->compute_required (['mysql-common', "mysql-server-$ver"]);
1848
1849     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1850
1851     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1852
1853     # fix security (see /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation)
1854     my $sql = "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';\n" .
1855         "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host!='localhost';\n" .
1856         "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n";
1857     $self->ve_mysql_bootstrap ($sql);
1858
1859     if ($password) {
1860
1861         my $rpw = $password eq 'random' ? 'admin' : $password;
1862
1863         my $sql = "USE mysql;\n" .
1864             "UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD(\"$rpw\") WHERE user='root';\n" .
1865             "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n";
1866         $self->ve_mysql_bootstrap ($sql);
1867
1868         write_file ("[client]\nuser=root\npassword=\"$rpw\"\n", "$rootdir/root/.my.cnf", 0600);
1869         if ($password eq 'random') {
1870             $self->install_init_script ($script_mysql_randompw, 2, 20);
1871         }
1872     }
1873
1874     $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/mysql start") if $opts->{start};
1875 }
1876
1877 sub task_php {
1878     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1879
1880     my $memlimit = $opts->{memlimit};
1881     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1882     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1883
1884     my $base_set = [qw(php-cli libapache2-mod-php php-gd)];
1885     if ($suite =~ /(?:squeeze|wheezy|jessie)$/) {
1886         $self->logmsg("WARN: using EOL php release on EOL suite");
1887         $base_set = [qw(php5 php5-cli libapache2-mod-php5 php5-gd)];
1888     }
1889     my $required = $self->compute_required($base_set);
1890
1891     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1892
1893     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1894
1895     if ($memlimit) {
1896         my $sed_cmd = ['sed', '-e', "s/^\\s*memory_limit\\s*=.*;/memory_limit = ${memlimit}M;/", '-i'];
1897         if ($suite =~ /(?:squeeze|wheezy|jessie)$/) {
1898             push @$sed_cmd, "$rootdir/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini";
1899         } else {
1900             my $found = 0;
1901             for my $fn (glob("'${rootdir}/etc/php/*/apache2/php.ini'")) {
1902                 push @$sed_cmd, "$rootdir/$fn";
1903                 $found = 1;
1904             }
1905             if (!$found) {
1906                 warn "WARN: did not found any php.ini to set the memlimit!\n";
1907                 return;
1908             }
1909         }
1910         $self->run_command($sed_cmd);
1911     }
1912 }
1913
1914 sub install {
1915     my ($self, $pkglist, $unpack) = @_;
1916
1917     my $required = $self->compute_required ($pkglist);
1918
1919     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1920
1921     $self->ve_dpkg ($unpack ? 'unpack' : 'install', @$required);
1922 }
1923
1924 sub cleanup {
1925     my ($self, $distclean) = @_;
1926
1927     unlink $self->{logfile};
1928     unlink "$self->{targetname}.tar";
1929     unlink "$self->{targetname}.tar.gz";
1930
1931     $self->ve_destroy ();
1932     unlink ".veid";
1933
1934     rmtree $self->{cachedir} if $distclean && !$self->{config}->{cachedir};
1935
1936     rmtree $self->{infodir};
1937
1938 }
1939
1940 1;