DAB.pm

   1 package PVE::DAB;
   2
   3 use strict;
   4 use warnings;
   5 use IO::File;
   6 use File::Path;
   7 use File::Basename;
   8 use IO::Select;
   9 use IPC::Open2;
  10 use IPC::Open3;
  11 use POSIX qw (LONG_MAX);
  12 use UUID;
  13 use Cwd;
  14
  15 # fixme: lock container ?
  16
  17 my $dablibdir = "/usr/lib/dab";
  18 my $devicetar = "$dablibdir/devices.tar.gz";
  19 my $default_env = "$dablibdir/scripts/defenv";
  20 my $fake_init = "$dablibdir/scripts/init.pl";
  21 my $script_ssh_init = "$dablibdir/scripts/ssh_gen_host_keys";
  22 my $script_mysql_randompw = "$dablibdir/scripts/mysql_randompw";
  23 my $script_init_urandom = "$dablibdir/scripts/init_urandom";
  24
  25 my $postfix_main_cf = <<EOD;
  26 # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
  27
  28 smtpd_banner = \$myhostname ESMTP \$mail_name (Debian/GNU)
  29 biff = no
  30
  31 # appending .domain is the MUA's job.
  32 append_dot_mydomain = no
  33
  34 # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
  35 #delay_warning_time = 4h
  36
  37 alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
  38 alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
  39 mydestination = \$myhostname, localhost.\$mydomain, localhost
  40 relayhost =
  41 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
  42 inet_interfaces = loopback-only
  43 recipient_delimiter = +
  44
  45 compatibility_level = 2
  46
  47 EOD
  48
  49 # produce apt compatible filenames (/var/lib/apt/lists)
  50 sub __url_to_filename {
  51     my $url = shift;
  52
  53     $url =~ s|^\S+://||;
  54     $url =~ s|_|%5f|g;
  55     $url =~ s|/|_|g;
  56
  57     return $url;
  58 }
  59
  60 # defaults:
  61 #  origin: debian
  62 my $supported_suites = {
  63     'bookworm' => {
  64         ostype => "debian-12",
  65     },
  66     'bullseye' => {
  67         ostype => "debian-11",
  68     },
  69     'buster' => {
  70         ostype => "debian-10",
  71     },
  72     'stretch' => {
  73         ostype => "debian-9.0",
  74     },
  75     'jessie' => {
  76         ostype => "debian-8.0",
  77     },
  78     'wheezy' => {
  79         ostype => "debian-7.0",
  80     },
  81     'squeeze' => {
  82         ostype => "debian-6.0",
  83     },
  84     'lenny' => {
  85         ostype => "debian-5.0",
  86     },
  87     'etch' => {
  88         ostype => "debian-4.0",
  89     },
  90
  91 # DEVUAN
  92     'devuan-jessie' => {
  93         suite => 'jessie',
  94         ostype => "devuan-1.0",
  95     },
  96     'devuan-ascii' => {
  97         suite => 'ascii',
  98         ostype => "devuan-2.0",
  99     },
 100     'ascii' => {
 101         ostype => "devuan-2.0",
 102     },
 103     'beowulf' => {
 104         ostype => "devuan-3.0",
 105     },
 106     'chimaera' => {
 107         ostype => "devuan-4.0",
 108     },
 109
 110 # UBUNTU
 111     'hardy' => {
 112         ostype => "ubuntu-8.04",
 113         origin => 'ubuntu',
 114     },
 115     'intrepid' => {
 116         ostype => "ubuntu-8.10",
 117         origin => 'ubuntu',
 118     },
 119     'jaunty' => {
 120         ostype => "ubuntu-9.04",
 121         origin => 'ubuntu',
 122     },
 123     'precise' => {
 124         ostype => "ubuntu-12.04",
 125         origin => 'ubuntu',
 126     },
 127     'trusty' => {
 128         ostype => "ubuntu-14.04",
 129         origin => 'ubuntu',
 130     },
 131     'vivid' => {
 132         ostype => "ubuntu-15.04",
 133         origin => 'ubuntu',
 134     },
 135     'wily' => {
 136         ostype => "ubuntu-15.10",
 137         origin => 'ubuntu',
 138     },
 139     'xenial' => {
 140         ostype => "ubuntu-16.04",
 141         origin => 'ubuntu',
 142     },
 143     'yakkety' => {
 144         ostype => "ubuntu-16.10",
 145         origin => 'ubuntu',
 146     },
 147     'zesty' => {
 148         ostype => "ubuntu-17.04",
 149         origin => 'ubuntu',
 150     },
 151     'artful' => {
 152         ostype => "ubuntu-17.10",
 153         origin => 'ubuntu',
 154     },
 155     'bionic' => {
 156         ostype => "ubuntu-18.04",
 157         origin => 'ubuntu',
 158     },
 159     'cosmic' => {
 160         ostype => "ubuntu-18.10",
 161         origin => 'ubuntu',
 162     },
 163     'disco' => {
 164         ostype => "ubuntu-19.04",
 165         origin => 'ubuntu',
 166     },
 167     'eoan' => {
 168         ostype => "ubuntu-19.10",
 169         origin => 'ubuntu',
 170     },
 171     'focal' => {
 172         ostype => "ubuntu-20.04",
 173         origin => 'ubuntu',
 174     },
 175     'groovy' => {
 176         ostype => "ubuntu-20.10",
 177         origin => 'ubuntu',
 178     },
 179     'hirsute' => {
 180         ostype => "ubuntu-21.04",
 181         origin => 'ubuntu',
 182     },
 183     'impish' => {
 184         ostype => "ubuntu-21.10",
 185         origin => 'ubuntu',
 186     },
 187 };
 188
 189 sub get_suite_info {
 190     my ($suite) = @_;
 191
 192     my $suiteinfo = $supported_suites->{$suite} || die "unsupported suite '$suite'!\n";
 193
 194     # set defaults
 195     $suiteinfo->{origin} //= 'debian';
 196     $suiteinfo->{suite} //= $suite;
 197
 198     return $suiteinfo;
 199 }
 200
 201 sub download {
 202     my ($self, $url, $path) = @_;
 203
 204     $self->logmsg ("download: $url\n");
 205     my $tmpfn = "$path.tmp$$";
 206     eval {
 207         $self->run_command ("wget -q '$url'  -O '$tmpfn'");
 208     };
 209
 210     my $err = $@;
 211     if ($err) {
 212         unlink $tmpfn;
 213         die $err;
 214     }
 215
 216     rename ($tmpfn, $path);
 217 }
 218
 219 sub write_file {
 220     my ($data, $file, $perm) = @_;
 221
 222     die "no filename" if !$file;
 223
 224     unlink $file;
 225
 226     my $fh = IO::File->new ($file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, $perm) ||
 227         die "unable to open file '$file'";
 228
 229     print $fh $data;
 230
 231     $fh->close;
 232 }
 233
 234 sub read_file {
 235     my ($file) = @_;
 236
 237     die "no filename" if !$file;
 238
 239     my $fh = IO::File->new ($file) ||
 240         die "unable to open file '$file'";
 241
 242     local $/; # slurp mode
 243
 244     my $data = <$fh>;
 245
 246     $fh->close;
 247
 248     return $data;
 249 }
 250
 251 sub read_config {
 252     my ($filename) = @_;
 253
 254     my $res = {};
 255
 256     my $fh = IO::File->new ("<$filename") || return $res;
 257     my $rec = '';
 258
 259     while (defined (my $line = <$fh>)) {
 260         next if $line =~ m/^\#/;
 261         next if $line =~ m/^\s*$/;
 262         $rec .= $line;
 263     };
 264
 265     close ($fh);
 266
 267     chomp $rec;
 268     $rec .= "\n";
 269
 270     while ($rec) {
 271         if ($rec =~ s/^Description:\s*([^\n]*)(\n\s+.*)*$//si) {
 272             $res->{headline} = $1;
 273             chomp $res->{headline};
 274             my $long = $2;
 275             $long =~ s/^\s+/ /;
 276             $res->{description} = $long;
 277             chomp $res->{description};
 278         } elsif ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s*(.*\S)\s*\n//) {
 279             my ($key, $value) = (lc ($1), $2);
 280             if ($key eq 'source' || $key eq 'mirror') {
 281                 push @{$res->{$key}}, $value;
 282             } else {
 283                 die "duplicate key '$key'\n" if defined ($res->{$key});
 284                 $res->{$key} = $value;
 285             }
 286         } else {
 287             die "unable to parse config file: $rec";
 288         }
 289     }
 290
 291     die "unable to parse config file" if $rec;
 292
 293     return $res;
 294 }
 295
 296 sub run_command {
 297     my ($self, $cmd, $input, $getoutput) = @_;
 298
 299     my $reader = IO::File->new();
 300     my $writer = IO::File->new();
 301     my $error  = IO::File->new();
 302
 303     my $orig_pid = $$;
 304
 305     my $cmdstr = ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY' ? join (' ', @$cmd) : $cmd;
 306
 307     my $pid;
 308     eval {
 309         if (ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY') {
 310             $pid = open3 ($writer, $reader, $error, @$cmd) || die $!;
 311         } else {
 312             $pid = open3 ($writer, $reader, $error, $cmdstr) || die $!;
 313         }
 314     };
 315
 316     my $err = $@;
 317
 318     # catch exec errors
 319     if ($orig_pid != $$) {
 320         $self->logmsg ("ERROR: command '$cmdstr' failed - fork failed\n");
 321         POSIX::_exit (1);
 322         kill ('KILL', $$);
 323     }
 324
 325     die $err if $err;
 326
 327     print $writer $input if defined $input;
 328     close $writer;
 329
 330     my $select = new IO::Select;
 331     $select->add ($reader);
 332     $select->add ($error);
 333
 334     my $res = '';
 335     my $logfd = $self->{logfd};
 336
 337     while ($select->count) {
 338         my @handles = $select->can_read ();
 339
 340         foreach my $h (@handles) {
 341             my $buf = '';
 342             my $count = sysread ($h, $buf, 4096);
 343             if (!defined ($count)) {
 344                 waitpid ($pid, 0);
 345                 die "command '$cmdstr' failed: $!";
 346             }
 347             $select->remove ($h) if !$count;
 348
 349             print $logfd $buf;
 350
 351             $res .= $buf if $getoutput;
 352         }
 353     }
 354
 355     waitpid ($pid, 0);
 356     my $ec = ($? >> 8);
 357
 358     die "command '$cmdstr' failed with exit code $ec\n" if $ec;
 359
 360     return $res;
 361 }
 362
 363 sub logmsg {
 364     my $self = shift;
 365     print STDERR @_;
 366     $self->writelog (@_);
 367 }
 368
 369 sub writelog {
 370     my $self = shift;
 371     my $fd = $self->{logfd};
 372     print $fd @_;
 373 }
 374
 375 sub __sample_config {
 376     my ($self) = @_;
 377
 378     my $data = '';
 379     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 380
 381     my $ostype = $self->{config}->{ostype};
 382
 383     if ($ostype =~ m/^de(bi|vu)an-/) {
 384         $data .= "lxc.include = /usr/share/lxc/config/debian.common.conf\n";
 385     } elsif ($ostype =~ m/^ubuntu-/) {
 386         $data .= "lxc.include = /usr/share/lxc/config/ubuntu.common.conf\n";
 387     } else {
 388         die "unknown os type '$ostype'\n";
 389     }
 390     $data .= "lxc.uts.name = localhost\n";
 391     $data .= "lxc.rootfs.path = $self->{rootfs}\n";
 392
 393     return $data;
 394 }
 395
 396 sub __allocate_ve {
 397     my ($self) = @_;
 398
 399     my $cid;
 400     if (my $fd = IO::File->new (".veid")) {
 401         $cid = <$fd>;
 402         chomp $cid;
 403         close ($fd);
 404     }
 405
 406
 407     $self->{working_dir} = getcwd;
 408     $self->{veconffile} = "$self->{working_dir}/config";
 409     $self->{rootfs} = "$self->{working_dir}/rootfs";
 410
 411     if ($cid) {
 412         $self->{veid} = $cid;
 413         return $cid;
 414     }
 415
 416     my $uuid;
 417     my $uuid_str;
 418     UUID::generate($uuid);
 419     UUID::unparse($uuid, $uuid_str);
 420     $self->{veid} = $uuid_str;
 421
 422     my $fd = IO::File->new (">.veid") ||
 423         die "unable to write '.veid'\n";
 424     print $fd "$self->{veid}\n";
 425     close ($fd);
 426
 427     my $cdata = $self->__sample_config();
 428
 429     my $fh = IO::File->new ($self->{veconffile}, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL) ||
 430         die "unable to write lxc config file '$self->{veconffile}' - $!";
 431     print $fh $cdata;
 432     close ($fh);
 433
 434     mkdir $self->{rootfs} || die "unable to create rootfs - $!";
 435
 436     $self->logmsg ("allocated VE $self->{veid}\n");
 437
 438     return $self->{veid};
 439 }
 440
 441 # just use some simple heuristic for now, merge usr for releases newer than ubuntu 21.x or debian 11
 442 sub can_usr_merge {
 443     my ($self) = @_;
 444
 445     my $ostype = $self->{config}->{ostype};
 446
 447     # FIXME: add configuration override posibillity
 448
 449     if ($ostype =~ m/^debian-(\d+)/) {
 450         return int($1) >= 11;
 451     } elsif ($ostype =~ m/^ubuntu-(\d+)/) {
 452         return int($1) >= 21;
 453     }
 454     return; # false
 455 }
 456
 457 sub setup_usr_merge {
 458     my ($self) = @_;
 459
 460     my $rootfs = $self->{rootfs};
 461     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 462
 463     # similar to https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/debootstrap/-/blob/master/functions#L1354
 464     my @merged_dirs = qw(bin sbin lib);
 465
 466     if ($arch eq 'amd64') {
 467         push @merged_dirs, qw(lib32 lib64 libx32);
 468     } elsif ($arch eq 'i386') {
 469         push @merged_dirs, qw(lib64 libx32);
 470     }
 471
 472     $self->logmsg ("setup usr-merge symlinks for '" . join("', '", @merged_dirs) . "'\n");
 473
 474     for my $dir (@merged_dirs) {
 475         symlink("usr/$dir", "$rootfs/$dir") or warn "could not create symlink - $!\n";
 476         mkpath "$rootfs/usr/$dir";
 477     }
 478 }
 479
 480 sub new {
 481     my ($class, $config) = @_;
 482
 483     $class = ref ($class) || $class;
 484
 485     my $self = {};
 486
 487     $config = read_config ('dab.conf') if !$config;
 488
 489     $self->{config} = $config;
 490
 491     bless $self, $class;
 492
 493     $self->{logfile} = "logfile";
 494     $self->{logfd} = IO::File->new (">>$self->{logfile}") ||
 495         die "unable to open log file";
 496
 497     my $arch = $config->{architecture};
 498     die "no 'architecture' specified\n" if !$arch;
 499
 500     die "unsupported architecture '$arch'\n"
 501         if $arch !~ m/^(i386|amd64)$/;
 502
 503     my $suite = $config->{suite} || die "no 'suite' specified\n";
 504
 505     my $suiteinfo = get_suite_info($suite);
 506     $suite = $suiteinfo->{suite};
 507     $config->{ostype} = $suiteinfo->{ostype};
 508
 509     my $name = $config->{name} || die "no 'name' specified\n";
 510
 511     $name =~ m/^[a-z][0-9a-z\-\*\.]+$/ ||
 512         die "illegal characters in name '$name'\n";
 513
 514     my $version = $config->{version};
 515     die "no 'version' specified\n" if !$version;
 516     die "no 'section' specified\n" if !$config->{section};
 517     die "no 'description' specified\n" if !$config->{headline};
 518     die "no 'maintainer' specified\n" if !$config->{maintainer};
 519
 520     if ($name =~ m/^$config->{ostype}/) {
 521         $self->{targetname} = "${name}_${version}_$config->{architecture}";
 522     } else {
 523         $self->{targetname} = "$config->{ostype}-${name}_" .
 524             "${version}_$config->{architecture}";
 525     }
 526
 527     if (!$config->{source}) {
 528         if (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'debian') {
 529             if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'lenny') {
 530                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 531                     'http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib',
 532                     'http://security.debian.org SUITE/updates main contrib',
 533                 );
 534             } elsif ($suite eq 'bullseye' || $suite eq 'bookworm') {
 535                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 536                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib",
 537                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE-updates main contrib",
 538                     "http://security.debian.org SUITE-security main contrib",
 539                 );
 540             } else {
 541                 push @{$config->{source}}, (
 542                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE main contrib",
 543                     "http://ftp.debian.org/debian SUITE-updates main contrib",
 544                     "http://security.debian.org SUITE/updates main contrib",
 545                 );
 546             }
 547         } elsif (lc($suiteinfo->{origin}) eq 'ubuntu') {
 548             my $comp = "main restricted universe multiverse";
 549             push @{$config->{source}}, (
 550                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE $comp",
 551                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE-updates $comp",
 552                 "http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu SUITE-security $comp",
 553             );
 554         } else {
 555             die "implement me";
 556         }
 557     }
 558
 559     my $sources = undef;
 560
 561     foreach my $s (@{$config->{source}}) {
 562         if ($s =~ m@^\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s+(\S+)((\s+(\S+))+)$@) {
 563             my ($url, $su, $components) = ($1, $3, $4);
 564             $su =~ s/SUITE/$suite/;
 565             $components =~ s/^\s+//;
 566             $components =~ s/\s+$//;
 567             my $ca;
 568             foreach my $co (split (/\s+/, $components)) {
 569                 push @$ca, $co;
 570             }
 571             $ca = ['main'] if !$ca;
 572
 573             push @$sources, {
 574                 source => $url,
 575                 comp => $ca,
 576                 suite => $su,
 577             };
 578         } else {
 579             die "syntax error in source spezification '$s'\n";
 580         }
 581     }
 582
 583     foreach my $m (@{$config->{mirror}}) {
 584         if ($m =~ m@^\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s*=>\s*((http|ftp)://\S+)\s*$@) {
 585             my ($ms, $md) = ($1, $3);
 586             my $found;
 587             foreach my $ss (@$sources) {
 588                 if ($ss->{source} eq $ms) {
 589                     $found = 1;
 590                     $ss->{mirror} = $md;
 591                     last;
 592                 }
 593             }
 594             die "unusable mirror $ms\n" if !$found;
 595         } else {
 596             die "syntax error in mirror spezification '$m'\n";
 597         }
 598     }
 599
 600     $self->{sources} = $sources;
 601
 602     $self->{infodir} = "info";
 603
 604     $self->__allocate_ve ();
 605
 606     $self->{cachedir} = ($config->{cachedir} || 'cache')  . "/$suite";;
 607
 608     my $incl = [qw (less ssh openssh-server logrotate)];
 609
 610     my $excl = [qw (modutils reiserfsprogs ppp pppconfig pppoe
 611                     pppoeconf nfs-common mtools ntp)];
 612
 613     # ubuntu has too many dependencies on udev, so
 614     # we cannot exclude it (instead we disable udevd)
 615
 616     if ($suite eq 'vivid' || $suite eq 'wily' || $suite eq 'xenial' ||
 617         $suite eq 'yakkety' || $suite eq 'zesty' || $suite eq 'artful' ||
 618         $suite eq 'bionic' || $suite eq 'cosmic' || $suite eq 'disco' ||
 619         $suite eq 'eoan' || $suite eq 'focal' || $suite eq 'groovy'
 620         || $suite eq 'hirsute' || $suite eq 'impish'
 621     ) {
 622         push @$incl, 'isc-dhcp-client';
 623         push @$excl, qw(libmodule-build-perl);
 624     } elsif ($suite eq 'trusty') {
 625         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-services libpam-systemd libsystemd-daemon0 memtest86+);
 626    } elsif ($suite eq 'precise') {
 627         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-services libpam-systemd libsystemd-daemon0 memtest86+ ubuntu-standard);
 628     } elsif ($suite eq 'hardy') {
 629         push @$excl, qw(kbd);
 630         push @$excl, qw(apparmor apparmor-utils ntfs-3g
 631                         friendly-recovery);
 632     } elsif ($suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
 633         push @$excl, qw(apparmor apparmor-utils libapparmor1 libapparmor-perl
 634                         libntfs-3g28 ntfs-3g friendly-recovery);
 635     } elsif ($suite eq 'jessie') {
 636         push @$incl, 'sysvinit-core'; # avoid systemd and udev
 637         push @$incl, 'libperl4-corelibs-perl'; # to make lsof happy
 638         push @$excl, qw(systemd systemd-sysv udev module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 639     } elsif ($suite eq 'stretch' || $suite eq 'buster' || $suite eq 'bullseye' || $suite eq 'bookworm') {
 640         push @$excl, qw(module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 641      } else {
 642         push @$excl, qw(udev module-init-tools pciutils hdparm memtest86+ parted);
 643     }
 644
 645     $self->{incl} = $incl;
 646     $self->{excl} = $excl;
 647
 648     return $self;
 649 }
 650
 651 sub initialize {
 652     my ($self) = @_;
 653
 654     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
 655     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 656
 657     rmtree $infodir;
 658     mkpath $infodir;
 659
 660     # truncate log
 661     my $logfd = $self->{logfd} = IO::File->new (">$self->{logfile}") ||
 662         die "unable to open log file";
 663
 664     my $COMPRESSORS = [
 665         {
 666             ext => 'xz',
 667             decomp => 'xz -d',
 668         },
 669         {
 670             ext => 'gz',
 671             decomp => 'gzip -d',
 672         },
 673     ];
 674
 675     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
 676         my $src = $ss->{mirror} || $ss->{source};
 677         my $path = "dists/$ss->{suite}/Release";
 678         my $url = "$src/$path";
 679         my $target = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/$path");
 680         eval {
 681             $self->download ($url, "$infodir/$target");
 682             $self->download ("$url.gpg", "$infodir/$target.gpg");
 683             # fixme: impl. verify (needs --keyring option)
 684         };
 685         if (my $err = $@) {
 686             print $logfd $@;
 687             warn "Release info ignored\n";
 688         };
 689
 690         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
 691             foreach my $compressor (@$COMPRESSORS) {
 692                 $path = "dists/$ss->{suite}/$comp/binary-$arch/Packages.$compressor->{ext}";
 693                 $target = "$infodir/" . __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/$path");
 694                 my $pkgsrc = "$src/$path";
 695                 eval {
 696                     $self->download ($pkgsrc, $target);
 697                     $self->run_command ("$compressor->{decomp} '$target'");
 698                 };
 699                 if (my $err = $@) {
 700                     print $logfd "could not download Packages.$compressor->{ext}\n";
 701                 } else {
 702                     last;
 703                 }
 704             }
 705         }
 706     }
 707 }
 708
 709 sub write_config {
 710     my ($self, $filename, $size) = @_;
 711
 712     my $config = $self->{config};
 713
 714     my $data = '';
 715
 716     $data .= "Name: $config->{name}\n";
 717     $data .= "Version: $config->{version}\n";
 718     $data .= "Type: lxc\n";
 719     $data .= "OS: $config->{ostype}\n";
 720     $data .= "Section: $config->{section}\n";
 721     $data .= "Maintainer: $config->{maintainer}\n";
 722     $data .= "Architecture: $config->{architecture}\n";
 723     $data .= "Installed-Size: $size\n";
 724
 725     # optional
 726     $data .= "Infopage: $config->{infopage}\n" if $config->{infopage};
 727     $data .= "ManageUrl: $config->{manageurl}\n" if $config->{manageurl};
 728     $data .= "Certified: $config->{certified}\n" if $config->{certified};
 729
 730     # description
 731     $data .= "Description: $config->{headline}\n";
 732     $data .= "$config->{description}\n" if $config->{description};
 733
 734     write_file ($data, $filename, 0644);
 735 }
 736
 737 sub finalize {
 738     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
 739
 740     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
 741     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
 742     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
 743
 744     my $instpkgs = $self->read_installed ();
 745     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
 746     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 747     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 748     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 749
 750     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
 751     die "ve not running - unable to finalize\n" if !$vestat->{running};
 752
 753     # cleanup mysqld
 754     if (-f "$rootdir/etc/init.d/mysql") {
 755         $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/mysql stop");
 756     }
 757
 758     if (!($opts->{keepmycnf} || (-f "$rootdir/etc/init.d/mysql_randompw"))) {
 759         unlink "$rootdir/root/.my.cnf";
 760     }
 761
 762     if ($suite eq 'etch') {
 763         # enable apache2 startup
 764         if ($instpkgs->{apache2}) {
 765             write_file ("NO_START=0\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2");
 766         } else {
 767             unlink "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2";
 768         }
 769     }
 770     $self->logmsg ("cleanup package status\n");
 771     # prevent auto selection of all standard, required or important
 772     # packages which are not installed
 773     foreach my $pkg (keys %$pkginfo) {
 774         my $pri = $pkginfo->{$pkg}->{priority};
 775         if ($pri && ($pri eq 'required' || $pri eq 'important'
 776                      || $pri eq 'standard')) {
 777             if (!$instpkgs->{$pkg}) {
 778                 $self->ve_dpkg_set_selection ($pkg, 'purge');
 779             }
 780         }
 781     }
 782
 783     $self->ve_command ("apt-get clean");
 784
 785     $self->logmsg ("update available package list\n");
 786
 787     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --clear-avail");
 788     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
 789         my $relsrc = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/Release");
 790         if (-f "$infodir/$relsrc" && -f "$infodir/$relsrc.gpg") {
 791             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$relsrc' '$rootdir/var/lib/apt/lists/$relsrc'");
 792             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$relsrc.gpg' '$rootdir/var/lib/apt/lists/$relsrc.gpg'");
 793         }
 794         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
 795             my $src = __url_to_filename ("$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/" .
 796                                          "$comp/binary-$arch/Packages");
 797             my $target = "/var/lib/apt/lists/$src";
 798             $self->run_command ("cp '$infodir/$src' '$rootdir/$target'");
 799             $self->ve_command ("dpkg --merge-avail '$target'");
 800         }
 801     }
 802
 803     # set dselect default method
 804     write_file ("apt apt\n", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/cmethopt");
 805
 806     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d");
 807
 808     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/sbin/start-stop-daemon");
 809
 810     $self->ve_divert_remove ("/sbin/init");
 811
 812     # finally stop the VE
 813     $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
 814
 815     unlink "$rootdir/sbin/defenv";
 816
 817     unlink <$rootdir/root/dead.letter*>;
 818
 819     unlink "$rootdir/var/log/init.log";
 820
 821     unlink "$rootdir/aquota.group";
 822
 823     unlink "$rootdir/aquota.user";
 824
 825     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/log/syslog");
 826
 827     my $get_path_size = sub {
 828         my ($path) = @_;
 829         my $sizestr = $self->run_command ("du -sm $path", undef, 1);
 830         if ($sizestr =~ m/^(\d+)\s+\Q$path\E$/) {
 831             return int($1);
 832         } else {
 833             die "unable to detect size for '$path'\n";
 834         }
 835     };
 836
 837     $self->logmsg ("detecting final appliance size: ");
 838     my $size = $get_path_size->($rootdir);
 839     $self->logmsg ("$size MB\n");
 840
 841     $self->write_config ("$rootdir/etc/appliance.info", $size);
 842
 843     $self->logmsg ("creating final appliance archive\n");
 844
 845     my $target = "$self->{targetname}.tar";
 846
 847     my $compressor = $opts->{compressor} // 'gz';
 848     my $compressor2cmd_map = {
 849         gz => 'gzip',
 850         gzip => 'gzip',
 851         zst => 'zstd -9',
 852         zstd => 'zstd -9',
 853         'zstd-max' => 'zstd -19 -T0', # maximal level where the decompressor can still run efficiently
 854     };
 855     my $compressor2ending = {
 856         gzip => 'gz',
 857         zstd => 'zst',
 858         'zstd-max' => 'zst',
 859     };
 860     my $compressor_cmd = $compressor2cmd_map->{$compressor};
 861     die "unkown compressor '$compressor', use one of: ". join(', ', sort keys %$compressor2cmd_map)
 862         if !defined($compressor_cmd);
 863
 864     my $ending = $compressor2ending->{$compressor} // $compressor;
 865     my $final_archive = "${target}.${ending}";
 866     unlink $target;
 867     unlink $final_archive;
 868
 869     $self->run_command ("tar cpf $target --numeric-owner -C '$rootdir' ./etc/appliance.info");
 870     $self->run_command ("tar rpf $target --numeric-owner -C '$rootdir' --exclude ./etc/appliance.info .");
 871     $self->run_command ("$compressor_cmd $target");
 872
 873     $self->logmsg ("detecting final commpressed appliance size: ");
 874     $size = $get_path_size->($final_archive);
 875     $self->logmsg ("$size MB\n");
 876
 877     $self->logmsg ("appliance archive: $final_archive\n");
 878 }
 879
 880 sub read_installed {
 881     my ($self) = @_;
 882
 883     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 884
 885     my $pkgfilelist = "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/status";
 886     local $/ = '';
 887     open (PKGLST, "<$pkgfilelist") ||
 888         die "unable to open '$pkgfilelist'";
 889
 890     my $pkglist = {};
 891
 892     while (my $rec = <PKGLST>) {
 893         chomp $rec;
 894         $rec =~ s/\n\s+/ /g;
 895         $rec .= "\n";
 896         my $res = {};
 897
 898         while ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s+(.*)\s*\n//) {
 899             $res->{lc $1} = $2;
 900         }
 901
 902         my $pkg = $res->{'package'};
 903         if (my $status = $res->{status}) {
 904             my @sa = split (/\s+/, $status);
 905             my $stat = $sa[0];
 906             if ($stat && ($stat ne 'purge')) {
 907                 $pkglist->{$pkg} = $res;
 908             }
 909         }
 910     }
 911
 912     close (PKGLST);
 913
 914     return $pkglist;
 915 }
 916
 917 sub ve_status {
 918     my ($self) = @_;
 919
 920     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 921
 922     my $res = { running => 0 };
 923
 924     $res->{exist} = 1 if -d "$self->{rootfs}/usr";
 925
 926     my $filename = "/proc/net/unix";
 927
 928     # similar test is used by lcxcontainers.c: list_active_containers
 929     my $fh = IO::File->new ($filename, "r");
 930     return $res if !$fh;
 931
 932     while (defined(my $line = <$fh>)) {
 933         if ($line =~ m/^[a-f0-9]+:\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\S+\s\d+\s(\S+)$/) {
 934             my $path = $1;
 935             if ($path =~ m!^@/\S+/$veid/command$!) {
 936                 $res->{running} = 1;
 937             }
 938         }
 939     }
 940     close($fh);
 941
 942     return $res;
 943 }
 944
 945 sub ve_command {
 946     my ($self, $cmd, $input) = @_;
 947
 948     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 949     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 950
 951     if (ref ($cmd) eq 'ARRAY') {
 952         unshift @$cmd, 'lxc-attach', '-n', $veid, '--rcfile', $conffile, '--clear-env', '--', 'defenv';
 953         $self->run_command ($cmd, $input);
 954     } else {
 955         $self->run_command ("lxc-attach -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --clear-env -- defenv $cmd", $input);
 956     }
 957 }
 958
 959 # like ve_command, but pipes stdin correctly
 960 sub ve_exec {
 961     my ($self, @cmd) = @_;
 962
 963     my $veid = $self->{veid};
 964     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
 965
 966     my $reader;
 967     my $pid = open2($reader, "<&STDIN", 'lxc-attach', '-n', $veid,  '--rcfile', $conffile, '--',
 968                     'defenv', @cmd) || die "unable to exec command";
 969
 970     while (defined (my $line = <$reader>)) {
 971         $self->logmsg ($line);
 972     }
 973
 974     waitpid ($pid, 0);
 975     my $rc = $? >> 8;
 976
 977     die "ve_exec failed - status $rc\n" if $rc != 0;
 978 }
 979
 980 sub ve_divert_add {
 981     my ($self, $filename) = @_;
 982
 983     $self->ve_command ("dpkg-divert --add --divert '$filename.distrib' " .
 984                        "--rename '$filename'");
 985 }
 986 sub ve_divert_remove {
 987     my ($self, $filename) = @_;
 988
 989     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 990
 991     unlink "$rootdir/$filename";
 992     $self->ve_command ("dpkg-divert --remove --rename '$filename'");
 993 }
 994
 995 sub ve_debconfig_set {
 996     my ($self, $dcdata) = @_;
 997
 998     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
 999     my $cfgfile = "/tmp/debconf.txt";
1000     write_file ($dcdata, "$rootdir/$cfgfile");
1001     $self->ve_command ("debconf-set-selections $cfgfile");
1002     unlink "$rootdir/$cfgfile";
1003 }
1004
1005 sub ve_dpkg_set_selection {
1006     my ($self, $pkg, $status) = @_;
1007
1008     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --set-selections", "$pkg $status");
1009 }
1010
1011 sub ve_dpkg {
1012     my ($self, $cmd, @pkglist) = @_;
1013
1014     return if !scalar (@pkglist);
1015
1016     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1017
1018     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1019     my $cachedir = $self->{cachedir};
1020
1021     my @files;
1022
1023     foreach my $pkg (@pkglist) {
1024         my $filename = $self->getpkgfile ($pkg);
1025         $self->run_command ("cp '$cachedir/$filename' '$rootdir/$filename'");
1026         push @files, "/$filename";
1027         $self->logmsg ("$cmd: $pkg\n");
1028     }
1029
1030     my $fl = join (' ', @files);
1031
1032     if ($cmd eq 'install') {
1033         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-depends --force-confold --install $fl");
1034     } elsif ($cmd eq 'unpack') {
1035         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-depends --unpack $fl");
1036     } else {
1037         die "internal error";
1038     }
1039
1040     foreach my $fn (@files) { unlink "$rootdir$fn"; }
1041 }
1042
1043 sub ve_destroy {
1044     my ($self) = @_;
1045
1046     my $veid = $self->{veid}; # fixme
1047     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1048
1049     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1050     if ($vestat->{running}) {
1051         $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
1052     }
1053
1054     rmtree $self->{rootfs};
1055     unlink $self->{veconffile};
1056 }
1057
1058 sub ve_init {
1059     my ($self) = @_;
1060
1061     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1062     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1063
1064     $self->logmsg ("initialize VE $veid\n");
1065
1066     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1067     if ($vestat->{running}) {
1068         $self->run_command ("lxc-stop -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --kill");
1069     }
1070
1071     rmtree $self->{rootfs};
1072     mkpath $self->{rootfs};
1073 }
1074
1075 sub __deb_version_cmp {
1076     my ($cur, $op, $new) = @_;
1077
1078     if (system("dpkg", "--compare-versions", $cur, $op, $new) == 0) {
1079         return 1;
1080     }
1081
1082     return 0;
1083 }
1084
1085 sub __parse_packages {
1086     my ($pkginfo, $filename, $src) = @_;
1087
1088     local $/ = '';
1089     open (PKGLST, "<$filename") ||
1090         die "unable to open '$filename'";
1091
1092     while (my $rec = <PKGLST>) {
1093         $rec =~ s/\n\s+/ /g;
1094         chomp $rec;
1095         $rec .= "\n";
1096
1097         my $res = {};
1098
1099         while ($rec =~ s/^([^:]+):\s+(.*)\s*\n//) {
1100             $res->{lc $1} = $2;
1101         }
1102
1103         my $pkg = $res->{'package'};
1104         if ($pkg && $res->{'filename'}) {
1105             my $cur;
1106             if (my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg}) {
1107                 $cur = $info->{version};
1108             }
1109             my $new = $res->{version};
1110             if (!$cur || __deb_version_cmp ($cur, 'lt', $new)) {
1111                 if ($src) {
1112                     $res->{url} = "$src/$res->{'filename'}";
1113                 } else {
1114                     die "no url for package '$pkg'" if !$res->{url};
1115                 }
1116                 $pkginfo->{$pkg} = $res;
1117             }
1118         }
1119     }
1120
1121     close (PKGLST);
1122 }
1123
1124 sub pkginfo {
1125     my ($self) = @_;
1126
1127     return $self->{pkginfo} if $self->{pkginfo};
1128
1129     my $infodir = $self->{infodir};
1130     my $arch = $self->{config}->{architecture};
1131
1132     my $availfn = "$infodir/available";
1133
1134     my $pkginfo = {};
1135     my $pkgcount = 0;
1136
1137     # reading 'available' is faster, because it only contains latest version
1138     # (no need to do slow version compares)
1139     if (-f $availfn) {
1140             __parse_packages ($pkginfo, $availfn);
1141             $self->{pkginfo} = $pkginfo;
1142             return $pkginfo;
1143     }
1144
1145     $self->logmsg ("generating available package list\n");
1146
1147     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
1148         foreach my $comp (@{$ss->{comp}}) {
1149             my $url = "$ss->{source}/dists/$ss->{suite}/$comp/binary-$arch/Packages";
1150             my $pkgfilelist = "$infodir/" . __url_to_filename ($url);
1151
1152             my $src = $ss->{mirror} || $ss->{source};
1153
1154             __parse_packages ($pkginfo, $pkgfilelist, $src);
1155         }
1156     }
1157
1158     if (my $dep = $self->{config}->{depends}) {
1159         foreach my $d (split (/,/, $dep)) {
1160             if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)\s*(\((\S+)\s+(\S+)\)\s*)?$/) {
1161                 my ($pkg, $op, $rver) = ($1, $3, $4);
1162                 $self->logmsg ("checking dependencies: $d\n");
1163                 my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg};
1164                 die "package '$pkg' not available\n" if !$info;
1165                 if ($op) {
1166                     my $cver = $info->{version};
1167                     if (!__deb_version_cmp ($cver, $op, $rver)) {
1168                         die "detected wrong version '$cver'\n";
1169                     }
1170                 }
1171             } else {
1172                 die "syntax error in depends field";
1173             }
1174         }
1175     }
1176
1177     $self->{pkginfo} = $pkginfo;
1178
1179     my $tmpfn = "$availfn.tmp$$";
1180     my $fd = IO::File->new (">$tmpfn");
1181     foreach my $pkg (sort keys %$pkginfo) {
1182         my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg};
1183         print $fd "package: $pkg\n";
1184         foreach my $k (sort keys %$info) {
1185             next if $k eq 'description';
1186             next if $k eq 'package';
1187             my $v = $info->{$k};
1188             print $fd "$k: $v\n" if $v;
1189         }
1190         print $fd "description: $info->{description}\n" if $info->{description};
1191         print $fd "\n";
1192     }
1193     close ($fd);
1194
1195     rename ($tmpfn, $availfn);
1196
1197     return $pkginfo;
1198 }
1199
1200 sub __record_provides {
1201     my ($pkginfo, $closure, $list, $skipself) = @_;
1202
1203     foreach my $pname (@$list) {
1204         my $info = $pkginfo->{$pname};
1205         # fixme: if someone install packages directly using dpkg, there
1206         # is no entry in 'available', only in 'status'. In that case, we
1207         # should extract info from $instpkgs
1208         if (!$info) {
1209             warn "hint: ignoring provides for '$pname' - package not in 'available' list.\n";
1210             next;
1211         }
1212         if (my $prov = $info->{provides}) {
1213             my @pl = split (',', $prov);
1214             foreach my $p (@pl) {
1215                 $p =~ m/\s*(\S+)/;
1216                 if (!($skipself && (grep { $1 eq $_ } @$list))) {
1217                     $closure->{$1} = 1;
1218                 }
1219             }
1220         }
1221         $closure->{$pname} = 1 if !$skipself;
1222     }
1223 }
1224
1225 sub closure {
1226     my ($self, $closure, $list) = @_;
1227
1228     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1229
1230     # first, record provided packages
1231     __record_provides ($pkginfo, $closure, $list, 1);
1232
1233     my $pkghash = {};
1234     my $pkglist = [];
1235
1236     # then resolve dependencies
1237     foreach my $pname (@$list) {
1238         __closure_single ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $pname, $self->{excl});
1239     }
1240
1241     return $pkglist;
1242 }
1243
1244 sub __closure_single {
1245     my ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $pname, $excl) = @_;
1246
1247     $pname =~ s/^\s+//;
1248     $pname =~ s/\s+$//;
1249     $pname =~ s/:any$//;
1250
1251     return if $closure->{$pname};
1252
1253     my $info = $pkginfo->{$pname} || die "no such package '$pname'";
1254
1255     my $dep = $info->{depends};
1256     my $predep = $info->{'pre-depends'};
1257
1258     my $size = $info->{size};
1259     my $url = $info->{url};
1260
1261     $url || die "$pname: no url for package '$pname'";
1262
1263     if (!$pkghash->{$pname}) {
1264         unshift @$pkglist, $pname;
1265         $pkghash->{$pname} = 1;
1266     }
1267
1268     __record_provides ($pkginfo, $closure, [$pname]) if $info->{provides};
1269
1270     $closure->{$pname} = 1;
1271
1272     #print "$url\n";
1273
1274     my @l;
1275
1276     push  @l, split (/,/, $predep) if $predep;
1277     push  @l, split (/,/, $dep) if $dep;
1278
1279   DEPEND: foreach my $p (@l) {
1280       my @l1 = split (/\|/, $p);
1281       foreach my $p1 (@l1) {
1282           if ($p1 =~ m/^\s*(\S+).*/) {
1283               #printf (STDERR "$pname: $p --> $1\n");
1284               if ($closure->{$1}) {
1285                   next DEPEND; # dependency already met
1286               }
1287           }
1288       }
1289       # search for non-excluded alternative
1290       my $found;
1291       foreach my $p1 (@l1) {
1292           if ($p1 =~ m/^\s*(\S+).*/) {
1293               next if grep { $1 eq $_ } @$excl;
1294               $found = $1;
1295               last;
1296           }
1297       }
1298       die "package '$pname' depends on exclusion '$p'\n" if !$found;
1299
1300       #printf (STDERR "$pname: $p --> $found\n");
1301
1302       __closure_single ($pkginfo, $closure, $pkghash, $pkglist, $found, $excl);
1303   }
1304 }
1305
1306 sub cache_packages {
1307     my ($self, $pkglist) = @_;
1308
1309     foreach my $pkg (@$pkglist) {
1310         $self->getpkgfile ($pkg);
1311     }
1312 }
1313
1314 sub getpkgfile {
1315     my ($self, $pkg) = @_;
1316
1317     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1318     my $info = $pkginfo->{$pkg} || die "no such package '$pkg'";
1319     my $cachedir = $self->{cachedir};
1320
1321     my $url = $info->{url};
1322
1323     my $filename;
1324     if ($url =~ m|/([^/]+.deb)$|) {
1325         $filename = $1;
1326     } else {
1327         die "internal error";
1328     }
1329
1330     return $filename if -f "$cachedir/$filename";
1331
1332     mkpath $cachedir;
1333
1334     $self->download ($url, "$cachedir/$filename");
1335
1336     return $filename;
1337 }
1338
1339 sub install_init_script {
1340     my ($self, $script, $runlevel, $prio) = @_;
1341
1342     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1343     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1344
1345     my $base = basename ($script);
1346     my $target = "$rootdir/etc/init.d/$base";
1347
1348     $self->run_command ("install -m 0755 '$script' '$target'");
1349     if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'lenny') {
1350         $self->ve_command ("update-rc.d $base start $prio $runlevel .");
1351     } elsif ($suite eq 'xenial' || $suite eq 'wily' || $suite eq 'vivid' ||
1352              $suite eq 'yakkety' || $suite eq 'zesty' || $suite eq 'artful' ||
1353              $suite eq 'bionic' || $suite eq 'cosmic' || $suite eq 'disco' ||
1354              $suite eq 'eoan' || $suite eq 'focal' || $suite eq 'groovy'
1355              || $suite eq 'hirsute' || $suite eq 'impish'
1356     ) {
1357         die "unable to install init script (system uses systemd)\n";
1358     } elsif ($suite eq 'trusty' || $suite eq 'precise') {
1359         die "unable to install init script (system uses upstart)\n";
1360     } else {
1361         $self->ve_command ("insserv $base");
1362     }
1363
1364     return $target;
1365 }
1366
1367 sub bootstrap {
1368     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1369
1370     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1371     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1372     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1373
1374     my $important = [ @{$self->{incl}} ];
1375     my $required;
1376     my $standard;
1377
1378     my $mta = $opts->{exim} ? 'exim' : 'postfix';
1379     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1380         push @$important, "postfix";
1381     }
1382
1383     if ($opts->{include}) {
1384         push @$important, split(',', $opts->{include});
1385     }
1386
1387     my $exclude = {};
1388     if ($opts->{exclude}) {
1389         $exclude->{$_} = 1 for split(',', $opts->{exclude});
1390     }
1391
1392     foreach my $p (sort keys %$pkginfo) {
1393         next if grep { $p eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1394         my $pri = $pkginfo->{$p}->{priority};
1395         next if !$pri;
1396         next if $mta ne 'exim' && $p =~ m/exim/;
1397         next if $p =~ m/(selinux|semanage|policycoreutils)/;
1398
1399         push @$required, $p  if $pri eq 'required';
1400         next if $exclude->{$p};
1401         push @$important, $p if $pri eq 'important';
1402         push @$standard, $p if $pri eq 'standard' && !$opts->{minimal};
1403     }
1404
1405     my $closure = {};
1406     $required = $self->closure ($closure, $required);
1407     $important = $self->closure ($closure, $important);
1408
1409     if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1410         push @$standard, 'xbase-clients';
1411         $standard = $self->closure ($closure, $standard);
1412     }
1413
1414     # test if we have all 'ubuntu-minimal' and 'ubuntu-standard' packages
1415     # except those explicitly excluded
1416     if ($suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1417         my $mdeps = $pkginfo->{'ubuntu-minimal'}->{depends};
1418         foreach my $d (split (/,/, $mdeps)) {
1419             if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)$/) {
1420                 my $pkg = $1;
1421                 next if $closure->{$pkg};
1422                 next if grep { $pkg eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1423                 die "missing ubuntu-minimal package '$pkg'\n";
1424             }
1425         }
1426         if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1427             $mdeps = $pkginfo->{'ubuntu-standard'}->{depends};
1428             foreach my $d (split (/,/, $mdeps)) {
1429                 if ($d =~ m/^\s*(\S+)$/) {
1430                     my $pkg = $1;
1431                     next if $closure->{$pkg};
1432                     next if grep { $pkg eq $_ } @{$self->{excl}};
1433                     die "missing ubuntu-standard package '$pkg'\n";
1434                 }
1435             }
1436         }
1437     }
1438
1439     # download/cache all files first
1440     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1441     $self->cache_packages ($important);
1442     $self->cache_packages ($standard);
1443
1444     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1445
1446     # extract required packages first
1447     $self->logmsg ("create basic environment\n");
1448
1449     if ($self->can_usr_merge()) {
1450         $self->setup_usr_merge();
1451     }
1452
1453     $self->logmsg ("extract required packages to rootfs\n");
1454     foreach my $p (@$required) {
1455         my $filename = $self->getpkgfile ($p);
1456         my $content = $self->run_command("ar -t '$self->{cachedir}/$filename'", undef, 1);
1457         if ($content =~ m/^data.tar.xz$/m) {
1458             $self->run_command ("ar -p '$self->{cachedir}/$filename' data.tar.xz | tar -C '$rootdir' -xJf - --keep-directory-symlink");
1459         } else {
1460             $self->run_command ("ar -p '$self->{cachedir}/$filename' data.tar.gz | tar -C '$rootdir' -xzf - --keep-directory-symlink");
1461         }
1462     }
1463
1464     # fake dpkg status
1465     my $data = "Package: dpkg\n" .
1466         "Version: $pkginfo->{dpkg}->{version}\n" .
1467         "Status: install ok installed\n";
1468
1469     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/status");
1470     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/info/dpkg.list");
1471     write_file ("", "$rootdir/var/lib/dpkg/available");
1472
1473     $data = '';
1474     foreach my $ss (@{$self->{sources}}) {
1475         my $url = $ss->{source};
1476         my $comp = join (' ', @{$ss->{comp}});
1477         $data .= "deb $url $ss->{suite} $comp\n\n";
1478     }
1479
1480     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/apt/sources.list");
1481
1482     $data = "# UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM\n";
1483     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/fstab", 0644);
1484
1485     write_file ("localhost\n", "$rootdir/etc/hostname", 0644);
1486
1487     # avoid warnings about non-existent resolv.conf
1488     write_file ("", "$rootdir/etc/resolv.conf", 0644);
1489
1490     if (
1491         $suite eq 'impish' ||
1492         $suite eq 'hirsute' || $suite eq 'groovy' || $suite eq 'focal' ||
1493         $suite eq 'eoan' || $suite eq 'disco' || $suite eq 'cosmic' ||
1494         $suite eq 'bionic' || $suite eq 'artful' ||
1495         $suite eq 'zesty' || $suite eq 'yakkety' || $suite eq 'xenial' ||
1496         $suite eq 'wily'
1497     ) {
1498         # no need to configure loopback device
1499     } else {
1500         $data = "auto lo\niface lo inet loopback\n";
1501         mkdir "$rootdir/etc/network";
1502         write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/network/interfaces", 0644);
1503     }
1504
1505     # setup devices
1506     $self->run_command ("tar xzf '$devicetar' -C '$rootdir'");
1507
1508     # avoid warnings about missing default locale
1509     write_file ("LANG=\"C\"\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/locale", 0644);
1510
1511     # fake init
1512     rename ("$rootdir/sbin/init", "$rootdir/sbin/init.org");
1513     $self->run_command ("cp '$fake_init' '$rootdir/sbin/init'");
1514
1515     $self->run_command ("cp '$default_env' '$rootdir/sbin/defenv'");
1516
1517     $self->run_command ("lxc-start -n $veid -f $self->{veconffile}");
1518
1519     $self->logmsg ("initialize ld cache\n");
1520     $self->ve_command ("/sbin/ldconfig");
1521     $self->run_command ("ln -sf mawk '$rootdir/usr/bin/awk'");
1522
1523     $self->logmsg ("installing packages\n");
1524
1525     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'base-files', 'base-passwd');
1526
1527     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'dpkg');
1528
1529     $self->run_command ("ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC '$rootdir/etc/localtime'");
1530
1531     $self->run_command ("ln -sf bash '$rootdir/bin/sh'");
1532
1533     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'libc6');
1534     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'perl-base');
1535
1536     unlink "$rootdir/usr/bin/awk";
1537
1538     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'mawk');
1539     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', 'debconf');
1540
1541     # unpack required packages
1542     foreach my $p (@$required) {
1543         $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1544     }
1545
1546     rename ("$rootdir/sbin/init.org", "$rootdir/sbin/init");
1547     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/init");
1548     $self->run_command ("cp '$fake_init' '$rootdir/sbin/init'");
1549
1550     # disable service activation
1551     $self->ve_divert_add ("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d");
1552     $data = "#!/bin/sh\nexit 101\n";
1553     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d", 755);
1554
1555     # disable start-stop-daemon
1556     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/start-stop-daemon");
1557     $data = <<EOD;
1558 #!/bin/sh
1559 echo
1560 echo \"Warning: Fake start-stop-daemon called, doing nothing\"
1561 EOD
1562     write_file ($data, "$rootdir/sbin/start-stop-daemon", 0755);
1563
1564     # disable udevd
1565     $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/udevd");
1566
1567     if ($suite eq 'etch') {
1568         # disable apache2 startup
1569         write_file ("NO_START=1\n", "$rootdir/etc/default/apache2");
1570     }
1571
1572     $self->logmsg ("configure required packages\n");
1573     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1574
1575     # set postfix defaults
1576     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1577         $data = "postfix postfix/main_mailer_type select Local only\n";
1578         $self->ve_debconfig_set ($data);
1579
1580         $data = "postmaster: root\nwebmaster: root\n";
1581         write_file ($data, "$rootdir/etc/aliases");
1582     }
1583
1584     if ($suite eq 'jaunty') {
1585         # jaunty does not create /var/run/network, so network startup fails.
1586         # so we do not use tmpfs for /var/run and /var/lock
1587         $self->run_command ("sed -e 's/RAMRUN=yes/RAMRUN=no/' -e 's/RAMLOCK=yes/RAMLOCK=no/'  -i $rootdir/etc/default/rcS");
1588         # and create the directory here
1589         $self->run_command ("mkdir $rootdir/var/run/network");
1590     }
1591
1592     # unpack base packages
1593     foreach my $p (@$important) {
1594         $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1595     }
1596
1597     # start loopback
1598     if (-x "$rootdir/sbin/ifconfig") {
1599         $self->ve_command ("ifconfig lo up");
1600     } else {
1601         $self->ve_command ("ip link set lo up");
1602     }
1603
1604     $self->logmsg ("configure important packages\n");
1605     $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1606
1607     if (-d "$rootdir/etc/event.d") {
1608         unlink <$rootdir/etc/event.d/tty*>;
1609     }
1610
1611     if (-f "$rootdir/etc/inittab") {
1612         $self->run_command ("sed -i -e '/getty\\s38400\\stty[23456]/d' '$rootdir/etc/inittab'");
1613     }
1614
1615     # Link /etc/mtab to /proc/mounts, so df and friends will work:
1616     unlink "$rootdir/etc/mtab";
1617     $self->ve_command ("ln -s /proc/mounts /etc/mtab");
1618
1619     # reset password
1620     $self->ve_command ("usermod -L root");
1621
1622     if ($mta eq 'postfix') {
1623         $data = "postfix postfix/main_mailer_type select No configuration\n";
1624         $self->ve_debconfig_set ($data);
1625
1626         unlink "$rootdir/etc/mailname";
1627         write_file ($postfix_main_cf, "$rootdir/etc/postfix/main.cf");
1628     }
1629
1630     if (!$opts->{minimal}) {
1631         # unpack standard packages
1632         foreach my $p (@$standard) {
1633             $self->ve_dpkg ('unpack', $p);
1634         }
1635
1636         $self->logmsg ("configure standard packages\n");
1637         $self->ve_command ("dpkg --force-confold --skip-same-version --configure -a");
1638     }
1639
1640     # disable HWCLOCK access
1641     $self->run_command ("echo 'HWCLOCKACCESS=no' >> '$rootdir/etc/default/rcS'");
1642
1643     # disable hald
1644     $self->ve_divert_add ("/usr/sbin/hald");
1645
1646     # disable /dev/urandom init
1647     $self->run_command ("install -m 0755 '$script_init_urandom' '$rootdir/etc/init.d/urandom'");
1648
1649     if ($suite eq 'etch' || $suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1650         # avoid klogd start
1651         $self->ve_divert_add ("/sbin/klogd");
1652     }
1653
1654     # remove unnecessays sysctl entries to avoid warnings
1655     my $cmd = 'sed';
1656     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(kernel\.printk.*\)/#\1/\'';
1657     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(kernel\.maps_protect.*\)/#\1/\'';
1658     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(fs\.inotify\.max_user_watches.*\)/#\1/\'';
1659     $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(vm\.mmap_min_addr.*\)/#\1/\'';
1660     $cmd .= " -i '$rootdir/etc/sysctl.conf'";
1661     $self->run_command ($cmd);
1662
1663     my $bindv6only = "$rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/bindv6only.conf";
1664     if (-f $bindv6only) {
1665         $cmd = 'sed';
1666         $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(net\.ipv6\.bindv6only.*\)/#\1/\'';
1667         $cmd .= " -i '$bindv6only'";
1668         $self->run_command ($cmd);
1669     }
1670
1671     if ($suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1672         # disable tty init (console-setup)
1673         my $cmd = 'sed';
1674         $cmd .= ' -e \'s/^\(ACTIVE_CONSOLES=.*\)/ACTIVE_CONSOLES=/\'';
1675         $cmd .= " -i '$rootdir/etc/default/console-setup'";
1676         $self->run_command ($cmd);
1677     }
1678
1679     if ($suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1680         # remove sysctl setup (avoid warnings at startup)
1681         my $filelist = "$rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-console-messages.conf";
1682         $filelist .= " $rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-process-security.conf" if $suite eq 'intrepid';
1683         $filelist .= " $rootdir/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf";
1684         $self->run_command ("rm $filelist");
1685     }
1686
1687     if (-e "$rootdir/lib/systemd/system/sys-kernel-config.mount") {
1688         $self->ve_command ("ln -s /dev/null /etc/systemd/system/sys-kernel-debug.mount");
1689     }
1690 }
1691
1692 sub enter {
1693     my ($self) = @_;
1694
1695     my $veid = $self->{veid};
1696     my $conffile = $self->{veconffile};
1697
1698     my $vestat = $self->ve_status();
1699
1700     if (!$vestat->{exist}) {
1701         $self->logmsg ("Please create the appliance first (bootstrap)");
1702         return;
1703     }
1704
1705     if (!$vestat->{running}) {
1706         $self->run_command ("lxc-start -n $veid -f $conffile");
1707     }
1708
1709     system ("lxc-attach -n $veid --rcfile $conffile --clear-env");
1710 }
1711
1712 sub ve_mysql_command {
1713     my ($self, $sql, $password) = @_;
1714
1715     #my $bootstrap = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables " .
1716     #"--skip-bdb  --skip-innodb --skip-ndbcluster";
1717
1718     $self->ve_command ("mysql", $sql);
1719 }
1720
1721 sub ve_mysql_bootstrap {
1722     my ($self, $sql, $password) = @_;
1723
1724     my $cmd;
1725
1726     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1727
1728     if ($suite eq 'jessie') {
1729         my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1730         $self->run_command ("sed -e 's/^key_buffer\\s*=/key_buffer_size =/' -i $rootdir/etc/mysql/my.cnf");
1731     }
1732
1733     if ($suite eq 'squeeze' || $suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie') {
1734         $cmd = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables";
1735
1736     } else {
1737         $cmd = "/usr/sbin/mysqld --bootstrap --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables " .
1738             "--skip-bdb  --skip-innodb --skip-ndbcluster";
1739     }
1740
1741     $self->ve_command ($cmd, $sql);
1742 }
1743
1744 sub compute_required {
1745     my ($self, $pkglist) = @_;
1746
1747     my $pkginfo = $self->pkginfo();
1748     my $instpkgs = $self->read_installed ();
1749
1750     my $closure = {};
1751     __record_provides ($pkginfo, $closure, [keys %$instpkgs]);
1752
1753     return $self->closure ($closure, $pkglist);
1754 }
1755
1756 sub task_postgres {
1757     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1758
1759     my @supp = ('7.4', '8.1');
1760     my $pgversion = '8.1';
1761
1762     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1763
1764     if ($suite eq 'lenny' || $suite eq 'hardy' || $suite eq 'intrepid' || $suite eq 'jaunty') {
1765         @supp = ('8.3');
1766         $pgversion = '8.3';
1767     } elsif ($suite eq 'squeeze') {
1768         @supp = ('8.4');
1769         $pgversion = '8.4';
1770     } elsif ($suite eq 'wheezy') {
1771         @supp = ('9.1');
1772         $pgversion = '9.1';
1773     } elsif ($suite eq 'jessie') {
1774         @supp = ('9.4');
1775         $pgversion = '9.4';
1776     } elsif ($suite eq 'stretch') {
1777         @supp = ('9.6');
1778         $pgversion = '9.6';
1779     } elsif ($suite eq 'buster') {
1780         @supp = ('11');
1781         $pgversion = '11';
1782     } elsif ($suite eq 'bullseye') {
1783         @supp = ('13');
1784         $pgversion = '13';
1785     } elsif ($suite eq 'bookworm') {
1786         # FIXME: update once froozen
1787         @supp = ('13');
1788         $pgversion = '13';
1789     }
1790
1791     $pgversion = $opts->{version} if $opts->{version};
1792
1793     die "unsupported postgres version '$pgversion'\n"
1794         if !grep { $pgversion eq $_; } @supp;
1795
1796     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1797
1798     my $required = $self->compute_required (["postgresql-$pgversion"]);
1799
1800     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1801
1802     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1803
1804     my $iscript = "postgresql-$pgversion";
1805     if ($suite eq 'squeeze' || $suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie' ||
1806         $suite eq 'stretch') {
1807         $iscript = 'postgresql';
1808     }
1809
1810     $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/$iscript start") if $opts->{start};
1811 }
1812
1813 sub task_mysql {
1814     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1815
1816     my $password = $opts->{password};
1817     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1818
1819     my $suite = $self->{config}->{suite};
1820
1821     my $ver = '5.0';
1822     if ($suite eq 'squeeze') {
1823       $ver = '5.1';
1824     } elsif ($suite eq 'wheezy' || $suite eq 'jessie') {
1825       $ver = '5.5';
1826     } else {
1827         die "task_mysql: unsupported suite '$suite'";
1828     }
1829
1830     my $required = $self->compute_required (['mysql-common', "mysql-server-$ver"]);
1831
1832     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1833
1834     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1835
1836     # fix security (see /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation)
1837     my $sql = "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';\n" .
1838         "DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host!='localhost';\n" .
1839         "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n";
1840     $self->ve_mysql_bootstrap ($sql);
1841
1842     if ($password) {
1843
1844         my $rpw = $password eq 'random' ? 'admin' : $password;
1845
1846         my $sql = "USE mysql;\n" .
1847             "UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD(\"$rpw\") WHERE user='root';\n" .
1848             "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;\n";
1849         $self->ve_mysql_bootstrap ($sql);
1850
1851         write_file ("[client]\nuser=root\npassword=\"$rpw\"\n", "$rootdir/root/.my.cnf", 0600);
1852         if ($password eq 'random') {
1853             $self->install_init_script ($script_mysql_randompw, 2, 20);
1854         }
1855     }
1856
1857     $self->ve_command ("/etc/init.d/mysql start") if $opts->{start};
1858 }
1859
1860 sub task_php {
1861     my ($self, $opts) = @_;
1862
1863     my $memlimit = $opts->{memlimit};
1864     my $rootdir = $self->{rootfs};
1865
1866     my $required = $self->compute_required ([qw (php5 php5-cli libapache2-mod-php5 php5-gd)]);
1867
1868     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1869
1870     $self->ve_dpkg ('install', @$required);
1871
1872     if ($memlimit) {
1873         $self->run_command ("sed -e 's/^\\s*memory_limit\\s*=.*;/memory_limit = ${memlimit}M;/' -i $rootdir/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini");
1874     }
1875 }
1876
1877 sub install {
1878     my ($self, $pkglist, $unpack) = @_;
1879
1880     my $required = $self->compute_required ($pkglist);
1881
1882     $self->cache_packages ($required);
1883
1884     $self->ve_dpkg ($unpack ? 'unpack' : 'install', @$required);
1885 }
1886
1887 sub cleanup {
1888     my ($self, $distclean) = @_;
1889
1890     unlink $self->{logfile};
1891     unlink "$self->{targetname}.tar";
1892     unlink "$self->{targetname}.tar.gz";
1893
1894     $self->ve_destroy ();
1895     unlink ".veid";
1896
1897     rmtree $self->{cachedir} if $distclean && !$self->{config}->{cachedir};
1898
1899     rmtree $self->{infodir};
1900
1901 }
1902
1903 1;