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1 | Installing Proxmox VE | |
2 | ===================== | |
3 | include::attributes.txt[] | |
4 | ifndef::manvolnum[] | |
5 | :pve-toplevel: | |
6 | endif::manvolnum[] | |
7 | ifdef::wiki[] | |
8 | :title: Installation | |
9 | endif::wiki[] | |
10 | ||
11 | {pve} is based on Debian and comes with an installation CD-ROM | |
12 | which includes a complete Debian ("jessie" for Proxmox VE 4.x) system as | |
13 | well as all necessary Proxmox VE packages. The | |
14 | installer just asks you a few questions, then partitions the local | |
15 | disk(s), installs all required packages, and configures the system | |
16 | including a basic network setup. You can get a fully functional system | |
17 | within a few minutes. This is the preferred and recommended installation method. | |
18 | ||
19 | Alternatively, Proxmox VE can be installed on top of an existing Debian system. | |
20 | This option is only recommended for advanced users since detail knowledge about | |
21 | Proxmox VE is necessary. | |
22 | ||
23 | ifndef::wiki[] | |
24 | ||
25 | include::pve-system-requirements.adoc[] | |
26 | ||
27 | endif::wiki[] | |
28 | ||
29 | ||
30 | Using the {pve} Installation CD-ROM | |
31 | ----------------------------------- | |
32 | ||
33 | Includes the following: | |
34 | ||
35 | * Complete operating system (Debian Linux, 64-bit) | |
36 | ||
37 | * Partitioning of the hard drive(s) containing the operating system | |
38 | with ext4, ext3, xfs or ZFS | |
39 | ||
40 | * {pve} kernel with LXC and KVM support | |
41 | ||
42 | * Complete toolset for administering virtual machines, containers and | |
43 | all necessary resources | |
44 | ||
45 | * Web based management interface for using the toolset | |
46 | ||
47 | ||
48 | NOTE: By default, the complete server is used and all existing data is | |
49 | removed. | |
50 | ||
51 | Please insert the installation CD-ROM, then boot from that | |
52 | drive. Immediately afterwards you can choose the following menu | |
53 | options: | |
54 | ||
55 | Install Proxmox VE:: | |
56 | ||
57 | Start normal installation. | |
58 | ||
59 | Install Proxmox VE (Debug mode):: | |
60 | ||
61 | Start installation in debug mode. It opens a shell console at several | |
62 | installation steps, so that you can debug things if something goes | |
63 | wrong. Please press `CTRL-D` to exit those debug consoles and continue | |
64 | installation. This option is mostly for developers and not meant for | |
65 | general use. | |
66 | ||
67 | Rescue Boot:: | |
68 | ||
69 | This option allows you to boot an existing installation. It searches | |
70 | all attached hard disks and, if it finds an existing installation, | |
71 | boots directly into that disk using the existing Linux kernel. This | |
72 | can be useful if there are problems with the boot block (grub), or the | |
73 | BIOS is unable to read the boot block from the disk. | |
74 | ||
75 | Test Memory:: | |
76 | ||
77 | Runs `memtest86+`. This is useful to check if your memory is | |
78 | functional and error free. | |
79 | ||
80 | You normally select *Install Proxmox VE* to start the installation. | |
81 | After that you get prompted to select the target hard disk(s). The | |
82 | `Options` button lets you select the target file system, which | |
83 | defaults to `ext4`. The installer uses LVM if you select `ext3`, | |
84 | `ext4` or `xfs` as file system, and offers additional option to | |
85 | restrict LVM space (see <<advanced_lvm_options,below>>) | |
86 | ||
87 | If you have more than one disk, you can also use ZFS as file system. | |
88 | ZFS supports several software RAID levels, so this is specially useful | |
89 | if you do not have a hardware RAID controller. The `Options` button | |
90 | lets you select the ZFS RAID level, and you can choose disks there. | |
91 | ||
92 | The next pages just ask for basic configuration options like time | |
93 | zone and keyboard layout. You also need to specify your email address | |
94 | and superuser (root) password (must have at least 5 characters). | |
95 | ||
96 | The last step is the network configuration. Please note that you can | |
97 | use either IPv4 or IPv6 here, but not both. If you want to configure a | |
98 | dual stack node, you can easily do that after installation. | |
99 | ||
100 | If you press `Next` now, installation starts to format disks, and | |
101 | copies packages to the target. Please wait until that is finished, | |
102 | then reboot the server. | |
103 | ||
104 | Further configuration is done via the Proxmox web interface. Just | |
105 | point your browser to the IP address given during installation | |
106 | (https://youripaddress:8006). | |
107 | ||
108 | NOTE: Default login is "root" (realm 'PAM') and the root password is | |
109 | defined during the installation process. | |
110 | ||
111 | ||
112 | [[advanced_lvm_options]] | |
113 | Advanced LVM Configuration Options | |
114 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
115 | ||
116 | The installer creates a Volume Group (VG) called `pve`, and additional | |
117 | Logical Volumes (LVs) called `root`, `data` and `swap`. The size of | |
118 | those volumes can be controlled with: | |
119 | ||
120 | `hdsize`:: | |
121 | ||
122 | Defines the total HD size to be used. This way you can save free | |
123 | space on the HD for further partitioning (i.e. for an additional PV | |
124 | and VG on the same hard disk that can be used for LVM storage). | |
125 | ||
126 | `swapsize`:: | |
127 | ||
128 | To define the size of the `swap` volume. Default is the same size as | |
129 | installed RAM, with 4GB minimum and `hdsize/8` as maximum. | |
130 | ||
131 | `maxroot`:: | |
132 | ||
133 | The `root` volume size. The `root` volume stores the whole operation | |
134 | system. | |
135 | ||
136 | `maxvz`:: | |
137 | ||
138 | Define the size of the `data` volume. | |
139 | ||
140 | `minfree`:: | |
141 | ||
142 | To define the amount of free space left in LVM volume group `pve`. | |
143 | 16GB is the default if storage available > 128GB, `hdsize/8` otherwise. | |
144 | + | |
145 | NOTE: LVM requires free space in the VG for snapshot creation (not | |
146 | required for lvmthin snapshots). | |
147 | ||
148 | ||
149 | ZFS Performance Tips | |
150 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
151 | ||
152 | ZFS uses a lot of memory, so it is best to add additional RAM if you | |
153 | want to use ZFS. A good calculation is 4GB plus 1GB RAM for each TB | |
154 | RAW disk space. | |
155 | ||
156 | ZFS also provides the feature to use a fast SSD drive as write cache. The | |
157 | write cache is called the ZFS Intent Log (ZIL). You can add that after | |
158 | installation using the following command: | |
159 | ||
160 | zpool add <pool-name> log </dev/path_to_fast_ssd> | |
161 | ||
162 | ||
163 | ifdef::wiki[] | |
164 | ||
165 | link:/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[Install Proxmox VE on Debian Jessie] | |
166 | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
167 | ||
168 | link:/wiki/Install_from_USB_Stick[Install from USB Stick] | |
169 | --------------------------------------------------------- | |
170 | ||
171 | endif::wiki[] | |
172 | ||
173 | ifndef::wiki[] | |
174 | ||
175 | Install {pve} on Debian | |
176 | ----------------------- | |
177 | ||
178 | {pve} ships as a set of Debian packages, so you can install it | |
179 | on top of a normal Debian installation. After configuring the | |
180 | repositories, you need to run: | |
181 | ||
182 | [source,bash] | |
183 | ---- | |
184 | apt-get update | |
185 | apt-get install proxmox-ve | |
186 | ---- | |
187 | ||
188 | Installing on top of an existing Debian installation looks easy, but | |
189 | it presumes that you have correctly installed the base system, and you | |
190 | know how you want to configure and use the local storage. Network | |
191 | configuration is also completely up to you. | |
192 | ||
193 | In general, this is not trivial, especially when you use LVM or | |
194 | ZFS. | |
195 | ||
196 | You can find a detailed step by step howto on the | |
197 | {webwiki-url}Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Jessie[wiki]. | |
198 | ||
199 | include::pve-usbstick.adoc[] | |
200 | ||
201 | endif::wiki[] | |
202 | ||
203 | ifdef::wiki[] | |
204 | ||
205 | Video Tutorials | |
206 | --------------- | |
207 | ||
208 | * List of all official tutorials on our | |
209 | http://www.youtube.com/proxmoxve[Proxmox VE YouTube Channel] | |
210 | ||
211 | * Tutorials in Spanish language on | |
212 | http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUULBIhA5QDBdNf1pcTZ5UXhek63Fij8z[ITexperts.es | |
213 | YouTube Play List] | |
214 | ||
215 | ||
216 | See Also | |
217 | -------- | |
218 | ||
219 | * link:/wiki/System_Requirements[System Requirements] | |
220 | ||
221 | * link:/wiki/Package_Repositories[Package Repositories] | |
222 | ||
223 | * link:/wiki/Host_System_Administration[Host System Administration] | |
224 | ||
225 | * link:/wiki/Network_Configuration[Network Configuration] | |
226 | ||
227 | * link:/wiki/Installation:_Tips_and_Tricks[Installation: Tips and Tricks] | |
228 | ||
229 | endif::wiki[] |