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1 /*
2 * QEMU System Emulator
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24
25 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
26 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
27 #include "ui/console.h"
28
29 #include "hw/hw.h"
30
31 #include "qemu/timer.h"
32 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
33 #include <pthread.h>
34 #endif
35
36 #ifdef _WIN32
37 #include <mmsystem.h>
38 #endif
39
40 /***********************************************************/
41 /* timers */
42
43 #define QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME 0
44 #define QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL 1
45 #define QEMU_CLOCK_HOST 2
46
47 struct QEMUClock {
48 QEMUTimer *active_timers;
49
50 NotifierList reset_notifiers;
51 int64_t last;
52
53 int type;
54 bool enabled;
55 };
56
57 struct QEMUTimer {
58 int64_t expire_time; /* in nanoseconds */
59 QEMUClock *clock;
60 QEMUTimerCB *cb;
61 void *opaque;
62 QEMUTimer *next;
63 int scale;
64 };
65
66 struct qemu_alarm_timer {
67 char const *name;
68 int (*start)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
69 void (*stop)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
70 void (*rearm)(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t nearest_delta_ns);
71 #if defined(__linux__)
72 timer_t timer;
73 int fd;
74 #elif defined(_WIN32)
75 HANDLE timer;
76 #endif
77 bool expired;
78 bool pending;
79 };
80
81 static struct qemu_alarm_timer *alarm_timer;
82
83 static bool qemu_timer_expired_ns(QEMUTimer *timer_head, int64_t current_time)
84 {
85 return timer_head && (timer_head->expire_time <= current_time);
86 }
87
88 static int64_t qemu_next_alarm_deadline(void)
89 {
90 int64_t delta = INT64_MAX;
91 int64_t rtdelta;
92
93 if (!use_icount && vm_clock->enabled && vm_clock->active_timers) {
94 delta = vm_clock->active_timers->expire_time -
95 qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);
96 }
97 if (host_clock->enabled && host_clock->active_timers) {
98 int64_t hdelta = host_clock->active_timers->expire_time -
99 qemu_get_clock_ns(host_clock);
100 if (hdelta < delta) {
101 delta = hdelta;
102 }
103 }
104 if (rt_clock->enabled && rt_clock->active_timers) {
105 rtdelta = (rt_clock->active_timers->expire_time -
106 qemu_get_clock_ns(rt_clock));
107 if (rtdelta < delta) {
108 delta = rtdelta;
109 }
110 }
111
112 return delta;
113 }
114
115 static void qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
116 {
117 int64_t nearest_delta_ns = qemu_next_alarm_deadline();
118 if (nearest_delta_ns < INT64_MAX) {
119 t->rearm(t, nearest_delta_ns);
120 }
121 }
122
123 /* TODO: MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS should be optimized */
124 #define MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS 250000
125
126 #ifdef _WIN32
127
128 static int mm_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
129 static void mm_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
130 static void mm_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t delta);
131
132 static int win32_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
133 static void win32_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
134 static void win32_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t delta);
135
136 #else
137
138 static int unix_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
139 static void unix_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
140 static void unix_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t delta);
141
142 #ifdef __linux__
143
144 static int dynticks_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
145 static void dynticks_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t);
146 static void dynticks_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t delta);
147
148 #endif /* __linux__ */
149
150 #endif /* _WIN32 */
151
152 static struct qemu_alarm_timer alarm_timers[] = {
153 #ifndef _WIN32
154 #ifdef __linux__
155 {"dynticks", dynticks_start_timer,
156 dynticks_stop_timer, dynticks_rearm_timer},
157 #endif
158 {"unix", unix_start_timer, unix_stop_timer, unix_rearm_timer},
159 #else
160 {"mmtimer", mm_start_timer, mm_stop_timer, mm_rearm_timer},
161 {"dynticks", win32_start_timer, win32_stop_timer, win32_rearm_timer},
162 #endif
163 {NULL, }
164 };
165
166 static void show_available_alarms(void)
167 {
168 int i;
169
170 printf("Available alarm timers, in order of precedence:\n");
171 for (i = 0; alarm_timers[i].name; i++)
172 printf("%s\n", alarm_timers[i].name);
173 }
174
175 void configure_alarms(char const *opt)
176 {
177 int i;
178 int cur = 0;
179 int count = ARRAY_SIZE(alarm_timers) - 1;
180 char *arg;
181 char *name;
182 struct qemu_alarm_timer tmp;
183
184 if (is_help_option(opt)) {
185 show_available_alarms();
186 exit(0);
187 }
188
189 arg = g_strdup(opt);
190
191 /* Reorder the array */
192 name = strtok(arg, ",");
193 while (name) {
194 for (i = 0; i < count && alarm_timers[i].name; i++) {
195 if (!strcmp(alarm_timers[i].name, name))
196 break;
197 }
198
199 if (i == count) {
200 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown clock %s\n", name);
201 goto next;
202 }
203
204 if (i < cur)
205 /* Ignore */
206 goto next;
207
208 /* Swap */
209 tmp = alarm_timers[i];
210 alarm_timers[i] = alarm_timers[cur];
211 alarm_timers[cur] = tmp;
212
213 cur++;
214 next:
215 name = strtok(NULL, ",");
216 }
217
218 g_free(arg);
219
220 if (cur) {
221 /* Disable remaining timers */
222 for (i = cur; i < count; i++)
223 alarm_timers[i].name = NULL;
224 } else {
225 show_available_alarms();
226 exit(1);
227 }
228 }
229
230 QEMUClock *rt_clock;
231 QEMUClock *vm_clock;
232 QEMUClock *host_clock;
233
234 static QEMUClock *qemu_new_clock(int type)
235 {
236 QEMUClock *clock;
237
238 clock = g_malloc0(sizeof(QEMUClock));
239 clock->type = type;
240 clock->enabled = true;
241 clock->last = INT64_MIN;
242 notifier_list_init(&clock->reset_notifiers);
243 return clock;
244 }
245
246 void qemu_clock_enable(QEMUClock *clock, bool enabled)
247 {
248 bool old = clock->enabled;
249 clock->enabled = enabled;
250 if (enabled && !old) {
251 qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
252 }
253 }
254
255 int64_t qemu_clock_has_timers(QEMUClock *clock)
256 {
257 return !!clock->active_timers;
258 }
259
260 int64_t qemu_clock_expired(QEMUClock *clock)
261 {
262 return (clock->active_timers &&
263 clock->active_timers->expire_time < qemu_get_clock_ns(clock));
264 }
265
266 int64_t qemu_clock_deadline(QEMUClock *clock)
267 {
268 /* To avoid problems with overflow limit this to 2^32. */
269 int64_t delta = INT32_MAX;
270
271 if (clock->active_timers) {
272 delta = clock->active_timers->expire_time - qemu_get_clock_ns(clock);
273 }
274 if (delta < 0) {
275 delta = 0;
276 }
277 return delta;
278 }
279
280 QEMUTimer *qemu_new_timer(QEMUClock *clock, int scale,
281 QEMUTimerCB *cb, void *opaque)
282 {
283 QEMUTimer *ts;
284
285 ts = g_malloc0(sizeof(QEMUTimer));
286 ts->clock = clock;
287 ts->cb = cb;
288 ts->opaque = opaque;
289 ts->scale = scale;
290 return ts;
291 }
292
293 void qemu_free_timer(QEMUTimer *ts)
294 {
295 g_free(ts);
296 }
297
298 /* stop a timer, but do not dealloc it */
299 void qemu_del_timer(QEMUTimer *ts)
300 {
301 QEMUTimer **pt, *t;
302
303 /* NOTE: this code must be signal safe because
304 qemu_timer_expired() can be called from a signal. */
305 pt = &ts->clock->active_timers;
306 for(;;) {
307 t = *pt;
308 if (!t)
309 break;
310 if (t == ts) {
311 *pt = t->next;
312 break;
313 }
314 pt = &t->next;
315 }
316 }
317
318 /* modify the current timer so that it will be fired when current_time
319 >= expire_time. The corresponding callback will be called. */
320 void qemu_mod_timer_ns(QEMUTimer *ts, int64_t expire_time)
321 {
322 QEMUTimer **pt, *t;
323
324 qemu_del_timer(ts);
325
326 /* add the timer in the sorted list */
327 /* NOTE: this code must be signal safe because
328 qemu_timer_expired() can be called from a signal. */
329 pt = &ts->clock->active_timers;
330 for(;;) {
331 t = *pt;
332 if (!qemu_timer_expired_ns(t, expire_time)) {
333 break;
334 }
335 pt = &t->next;
336 }
337 ts->expire_time = expire_time;
338 ts->next = *pt;
339 *pt = ts;
340
341 /* Rearm if necessary */
342 if (pt == &ts->clock->active_timers) {
343 if (!alarm_timer->pending) {
344 qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
345 }
346 /* Interrupt execution to force deadline recalculation. */
347 qemu_clock_warp(ts->clock);
348 if (use_icount) {
349 qemu_notify_event();
350 }
351 }
352 }
353
354 void qemu_mod_timer(QEMUTimer *ts, int64_t expire_time)
355 {
356 qemu_mod_timer_ns(ts, expire_time * ts->scale);
357 }
358
359 bool qemu_timer_pending(QEMUTimer *ts)
360 {
361 QEMUTimer *t;
362 for (t = ts->clock->active_timers; t != NULL; t = t->next) {
363 if (t == ts) {
364 return true;
365 }
366 }
367 return false;
368 }
369
370 bool qemu_timer_expired(QEMUTimer *timer_head, int64_t current_time)
371 {
372 return qemu_timer_expired_ns(timer_head, current_time * timer_head->scale);
373 }
374
375 void qemu_run_timers(QEMUClock *clock)
376 {
377 QEMUTimer *ts;
378 int64_t current_time;
379
380 if (!clock->enabled)
381 return;
382
383 current_time = qemu_get_clock_ns(clock);
384 for(;;) {
385 ts = clock->active_timers;
386 if (!qemu_timer_expired_ns(ts, current_time)) {
387 break;
388 }
389 /* remove timer from the list before calling the callback */
390 clock->active_timers = ts->next;
391 ts->next = NULL;
392
393 /* run the callback (the timer list can be modified) */
394 ts->cb(ts->opaque);
395 }
396 }
397
398 int64_t qemu_get_clock_ns(QEMUClock *clock)
399 {
400 int64_t now, last;
401
402 switch(clock->type) {
403 case QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME:
404 return get_clock();
405 default:
406 case QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL:
407 if (use_icount) {
408 return cpu_get_icount();
409 } else {
410 return cpu_get_clock();
411 }
412 case QEMU_CLOCK_HOST:
413 now = get_clock_realtime();
414 last = clock->last;
415 clock->last = now;
416 if (now < last) {
417 notifier_list_notify(&clock->reset_notifiers, &now);
418 }
419 return now;
420 }
421 }
422
423 void qemu_register_clock_reset_notifier(QEMUClock *clock, Notifier *notifier)
424 {
425 notifier_list_add(&clock->reset_notifiers, notifier);
426 }
427
428 void qemu_unregister_clock_reset_notifier(QEMUClock *clock, Notifier *notifier)
429 {
430 notifier_remove(notifier);
431 }
432
433 void init_clocks(void)
434 {
435 if (!rt_clock) {
436 rt_clock = qemu_new_clock(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME);
437 vm_clock = qemu_new_clock(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL);
438 host_clock = qemu_new_clock(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST);
439 }
440 }
441
442 uint64_t qemu_timer_expire_time_ns(QEMUTimer *ts)
443 {
444 return qemu_timer_pending(ts) ? ts->expire_time : -1;
445 }
446
447 void qemu_run_all_timers(void)
448 {
449 alarm_timer->pending = false;
450
451 /* vm time timers */
452 qemu_run_timers(vm_clock);
453 qemu_run_timers(rt_clock);
454 qemu_run_timers(host_clock);
455
456 /* rearm timer, if not periodic */
457 if (alarm_timer->expired) {
458 alarm_timer->expired = false;
459 qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(alarm_timer);
460 }
461 }
462
463 #ifdef _WIN32
464 static void CALLBACK host_alarm_handler(PVOID lpParam, BOOLEAN unused)
465 #else
466 static void host_alarm_handler(int host_signum)
467 #endif
468 {
469 struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = alarm_timer;
470 if (!t)
471 return;
472
473 t->expired = true;
474 t->pending = true;
475 qemu_notify_event();
476 }
477
478 #if defined(__linux__)
479
480 #include "qemu/compatfd.h"
481
482 static int dynticks_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
483 {
484 struct sigevent ev;
485 timer_t host_timer;
486 struct sigaction act;
487
488 sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
489 act.sa_flags = 0;
490 act.sa_handler = host_alarm_handler;
491
492 sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
493
494 /*
495 * Initialize ev struct to 0 to avoid valgrind complaining
496 * about uninitialized data in timer_create call
497 */
498 memset(&ev, 0, sizeof(ev));
499 ev.sigev_value.sival_int = 0;
500 ev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_SIGNAL;
501 #ifdef CONFIG_SIGEV_THREAD_ID
502 if (qemu_signalfd_available()) {
503 ev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD_ID;
504 ev._sigev_un._tid = qemu_get_thread_id();
505 }
506 #endif /* CONFIG_SIGEV_THREAD_ID */
507 ev.sigev_signo = SIGALRM;
508
509 if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ev, &host_timer)) {
510 perror("timer_create");
511 return -1;
512 }
513
514 t->timer = host_timer;
515
516 return 0;
517 }
518
519 static void dynticks_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
520 {
521 timer_t host_timer = t->timer;
522
523 timer_delete(host_timer);
524 }
525
526 static void dynticks_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t,
527 int64_t nearest_delta_ns)
528 {
529 timer_t host_timer = t->timer;
530 struct itimerspec timeout;
531 int64_t current_ns;
532
533 if (nearest_delta_ns < MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS)
534 nearest_delta_ns = MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS;
535
536 /* check whether a timer is already running */
537 if (timer_gettime(host_timer, &timeout)) {
538 perror("gettime");
539 fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
540 exit(1);
541 }
542 current_ns = timeout.it_value.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + timeout.it_value.tv_nsec;
543 if (current_ns && current_ns <= nearest_delta_ns)
544 return;
545
546 timeout.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
547 timeout.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0; /* 0 for one-shot timer */
548 timeout.it_value.tv_sec = nearest_delta_ns / 1000000000;
549 timeout.it_value.tv_nsec = nearest_delta_ns % 1000000000;
550 if (timer_settime(host_timer, 0 /* RELATIVE */, &timeout, NULL)) {
551 perror("settime");
552 fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
553 exit(1);
554 }
555 }
556
557 #endif /* defined(__linux__) */
558
559 #if !defined(_WIN32)
560
561 static int unix_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
562 {
563 struct sigaction act;
564
565 /* timer signal */
566 sigfillset(&act.sa_mask);
567 act.sa_flags = 0;
568 act.sa_handler = host_alarm_handler;
569
570 sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, NULL);
571 return 0;
572 }
573
574 static void unix_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t,
575 int64_t nearest_delta_ns)
576 {
577 struct itimerval itv;
578 int err;
579
580 if (nearest_delta_ns < MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS)
581 nearest_delta_ns = MIN_TIMER_REARM_NS;
582
583 itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
584 itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 0; /* 0 for one-shot timer */
585 itv.it_value.tv_sec = nearest_delta_ns / 1000000000;
586 itv.it_value.tv_usec = (nearest_delta_ns % 1000000000) / 1000;
587 err = setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
588 if (err) {
589 perror("setitimer");
590 fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
591 exit(1);
592 }
593 }
594
595 static void unix_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
596 {
597 struct itimerval itv;
598
599 memset(&itv, 0, sizeof(itv));
600 setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL);
601 }
602
603 #endif /* !defined(_WIN32) */
604
605
606 #ifdef _WIN32
607
608 static MMRESULT mm_timer;
609 static TIMECAPS mm_tc;
610
611 static void CALLBACK mm_alarm_handler(UINT uTimerID, UINT uMsg,
612 DWORD_PTR dwUser, DWORD_PTR dw1,
613 DWORD_PTR dw2)
614 {
615 struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = alarm_timer;
616 if (!t) {
617 return;
618 }
619 t->expired = true;
620 t->pending = true;
621 qemu_notify_event();
622 }
623
624 static int mm_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
625 {
626 timeGetDevCaps(&mm_tc, sizeof(mm_tc));
627 return 0;
628 }
629
630 static void mm_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
631 {
632 if (mm_timer) {
633 timeKillEvent(mm_timer);
634 }
635 }
636
637 static void mm_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t, int64_t delta)
638 {
639 int64_t nearest_delta_ms = delta / 1000000;
640 if (nearest_delta_ms < mm_tc.wPeriodMin) {
641 nearest_delta_ms = mm_tc.wPeriodMin;
642 } else if (nearest_delta_ms > mm_tc.wPeriodMax) {
643 nearest_delta_ms = mm_tc.wPeriodMax;
644 }
645
646 if (mm_timer) {
647 timeKillEvent(mm_timer);
648 }
649 mm_timer = timeSetEvent((UINT)nearest_delta_ms,
650 mm_tc.wPeriodMin,
651 mm_alarm_handler,
652 (DWORD_PTR)t,
653 TIME_ONESHOT | TIME_CALLBACK_FUNCTION);
654
655 if (!mm_timer) {
656 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to re-arm win32 alarm timer\n");
657 timeEndPeriod(mm_tc.wPeriodMin);
658 exit(1);
659 }
660 }
661
662 static int win32_start_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
663 {
664 HANDLE hTimer;
665 BOOLEAN success;
666
667 /* If you call ChangeTimerQueueTimer on a one-shot timer (its period
668 is zero) that has already expired, the timer is not updated. Since
669 creating a new timer is relatively expensive, set a bogus one-hour
670 interval in the dynticks case. */
671 success = CreateTimerQueueTimer(&hTimer,
672 NULL,
673 host_alarm_handler,
674 t,
675 1,
676 3600000,
677 WT_EXECUTEINTIMERTHREAD);
678
679 if (!success) {
680 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize win32 alarm timer: %ld\n",
681 GetLastError());
682 return -1;
683 }
684
685 t->timer = hTimer;
686 return 0;
687 }
688
689 static void win32_stop_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t)
690 {
691 HANDLE hTimer = t->timer;
692
693 if (hTimer) {
694 DeleteTimerQueueTimer(NULL, hTimer, NULL);
695 }
696 }
697
698 static void win32_rearm_timer(struct qemu_alarm_timer *t,
699 int64_t nearest_delta_ns)
700 {
701 HANDLE hTimer = t->timer;
702 int64_t nearest_delta_ms;
703 BOOLEAN success;
704
705 nearest_delta_ms = nearest_delta_ns / 1000000;
706 if (nearest_delta_ms < 1) {
707 nearest_delta_ms = 1;
708 }
709 /* ULONG_MAX can be 32 bit */
710 if (nearest_delta_ms > ULONG_MAX) {
711 nearest_delta_ms = ULONG_MAX;
712 }
713 success = ChangeTimerQueueTimer(NULL,
714 hTimer,
715 (unsigned long) nearest_delta_ms,
716 3600000);
717
718 if (!success) {
719 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to rearm win32 alarm timer: %ld\n",
720 GetLastError());
721 exit(-1);
722 }
723
724 }
725
726 #endif /* _WIN32 */
727
728 static void quit_timers(void)
729 {
730 struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = alarm_timer;
731 alarm_timer = NULL;
732 t->stop(t);
733 }
734
735 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
736 static void reinit_timers(void)
737 {
738 struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = alarm_timer;
739 t->stop(t);
740 if (t->start(t)) {
741 fprintf(stderr, "Internal timer error: aborting\n");
742 exit(1);
743 }
744 qemu_rearm_alarm_timer(t);
745 }
746 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
747
748 int init_timer_alarm(void)
749 {
750 struct qemu_alarm_timer *t = NULL;
751 int i, err = -1;
752
753 if (alarm_timer) {
754 return 0;
755 }
756
757 for (i = 0; alarm_timers[i].name; i++) {
758 t = &alarm_timers[i];
759
760 err = t->start(t);
761 if (!err)
762 break;
763 }
764
765 if (err) {
766 err = -ENOENT;
767 goto fail;
768 }
769
770 atexit(quit_timers);
771 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
772 pthread_atfork(NULL, NULL, reinit_timers);
773 #endif
774 alarm_timer = t;
775 return 0;
776
777 fail:
778 return err;
779 }
780