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4710c53d 1"""\r
2Import utilities\r
3\r
4Exported classes:\r
5 ImportManager Manage the import process\r
6\r
7 Importer Base class for replacing standard import functions\r
8 BuiltinImporter Emulate the import mechanism for builtin and frozen modules\r
9\r
10 DynLoadSuffixImporter\r
11"""\r
12from warnings import warnpy3k\r
13warnpy3k("the imputil module has been removed in Python 3.0", stacklevel=2)\r
14del warnpy3k\r
15\r
16# note: avoid importing non-builtin modules\r
17import imp ### not available in Jython?\r
18import sys\r
19import __builtin__\r
20\r
21# for the DirectoryImporter\r
22import struct\r
23import marshal\r
24\r
25__all__ = ["ImportManager","Importer","BuiltinImporter"]\r
26\r
27_StringType = type('')\r
28_ModuleType = type(sys) ### doesn't work in Jython...\r
29\r
30class ImportManager:\r
31 "Manage the import process."\r
32\r
33 def install(self, namespace=vars(__builtin__)):\r
34 "Install this ImportManager into the specified namespace."\r
35\r
36 if isinstance(namespace, _ModuleType):\r
37 namespace = vars(namespace)\r
38\r
39 # Note: we have no notion of "chaining"\r
40\r
41 # Record the previous import hook, then install our own.\r
42 self.previous_importer = namespace['__import__']\r
43 self.namespace = namespace\r
44 namespace['__import__'] = self._import_hook\r
45\r
46 ### fix this\r
47 #namespace['reload'] = self._reload_hook\r
48\r
49 def uninstall(self):\r
50 "Restore the previous import mechanism."\r
51 self.namespace['__import__'] = self.previous_importer\r
52\r
53 def add_suffix(self, suffix, importFunc):\r
54 assert hasattr(importFunc, '__call__')\r
55 self.fs_imp.add_suffix(suffix, importFunc)\r
56\r
57 ######################################################################\r
58 #\r
59 # PRIVATE METHODS\r
60 #\r
61\r
62 clsFilesystemImporter = None\r
63\r
64 def __init__(self, fs_imp=None):\r
65 # we're definitely going to be importing something in the future,\r
66 # so let's just load the OS-related facilities.\r
67 if not _os_stat:\r
68 _os_bootstrap()\r
69\r
70 # This is the Importer that we use for grabbing stuff from the\r
71 # filesystem. It defines one more method (import_from_dir) for our use.\r
72 if fs_imp is None:\r
73 cls = self.clsFilesystemImporter or _FilesystemImporter\r
74 fs_imp = cls()\r
75 self.fs_imp = fs_imp\r
76\r
77 # Initialize the set of suffixes that we recognize and import.\r
78 # The default will import dynamic-load modules first, followed by\r
79 # .py files (or a .py file's cached bytecode)\r
80 for desc in imp.get_suffixes():\r
81 if desc[2] == imp.C_EXTENSION:\r
82 self.add_suffix(desc[0],\r
83 DynLoadSuffixImporter(desc).import_file)\r
84 self.add_suffix('.py', py_suffix_importer)\r
85\r
86 def _import_hook(self, fqname, globals=None, locals=None, fromlist=None):\r
87 """Python calls this hook to locate and import a module."""\r
88\r
89 parts = fqname.split('.')\r
90\r
91 # determine the context of this import\r
92 parent = self._determine_import_context(globals)\r
93\r
94 # if there is a parent, then its importer should manage this import\r
95 if parent:\r
96 module = parent.__importer__._do_import(parent, parts, fromlist)\r
97 if module:\r
98 return module\r
99\r
100 # has the top module already been imported?\r
101 try:\r
102 top_module = sys.modules[parts[0]]\r
103 except KeyError:\r
104\r
105 # look for the topmost module\r
106 top_module = self._import_top_module(parts[0])\r
107 if not top_module:\r
108 # the topmost module wasn't found at all.\r
109 raise ImportError, 'No module named ' + fqname\r
110\r
111 # fast-path simple imports\r
112 if len(parts) == 1:\r
113 if not fromlist:\r
114 return top_module\r
115\r
116 if not top_module.__dict__.get('__ispkg__'):\r
117 # __ispkg__ isn't defined (the module was not imported by us),\r
118 # or it is zero.\r
119 #\r
120 # In the former case, there is no way that we could import\r
121 # sub-modules that occur in the fromlist (but we can't raise an\r
122 # error because it may just be names) because we don't know how\r
123 # to deal with packages that were imported by other systems.\r
124 #\r
125 # In the latter case (__ispkg__ == 0), there can't be any sub-\r
126 # modules present, so we can just return.\r
127 #\r
128 # In both cases, since len(parts) == 1, the top_module is also\r
129 # the "bottom" which is the defined return when a fromlist\r
130 # exists.\r
131 return top_module\r
132\r
133 importer = top_module.__dict__.get('__importer__')\r
134 if importer:\r
135 return importer._finish_import(top_module, parts[1:], fromlist)\r
136\r
137 # Grrr, some people "import os.path" or do "from os.path import ..."\r
138 if len(parts) == 2 and hasattr(top_module, parts[1]):\r
139 if fromlist:\r
140 return getattr(top_module, parts[1])\r
141 else:\r
142 return top_module\r
143\r
144 # If the importer does not exist, then we have to bail. A missing\r
145 # importer means that something else imported the module, and we have\r
146 # no knowledge of how to get sub-modules out of the thing.\r
147 raise ImportError, 'No module named ' + fqname\r
148\r
149 def _determine_import_context(self, globals):\r
150 """Returns the context in which a module should be imported.\r
151\r
152 The context could be a loaded (package) module and the imported module\r
153 will be looked for within that package. The context could also be None,\r
154 meaning there is no context -- the module should be looked for as a\r
155 "top-level" module.\r
156 """\r
157\r
158 if not globals or not globals.get('__importer__'):\r
159 # globals does not refer to one of our modules or packages. That\r
160 # implies there is no relative import context (as far as we are\r
161 # concerned), and it should just pick it off the standard path.\r
162 return None\r
163\r
164 # The globals refer to a module or package of ours. It will define\r
165 # the context of the new import. Get the module/package fqname.\r
166 parent_fqname = globals['__name__']\r
167\r
168 # if a package is performing the import, then return itself (imports\r
169 # refer to pkg contents)\r
170 if globals['__ispkg__']:\r
171 parent = sys.modules[parent_fqname]\r
172 assert globals is parent.__dict__\r
173 return parent\r
174\r
175 i = parent_fqname.rfind('.')\r
176\r
177 # a module outside of a package has no particular import context\r
178 if i == -1:\r
179 return None\r
180\r
181 # if a module in a package is performing the import, then return the\r
182 # package (imports refer to siblings)\r
183 parent_fqname = parent_fqname[:i]\r
184 parent = sys.modules[parent_fqname]\r
185 assert parent.__name__ == parent_fqname\r
186 return parent\r
187\r
188 def _import_top_module(self, name):\r
189 # scan sys.path looking for a location in the filesystem that contains\r
190 # the module, or an Importer object that can import the module.\r
191 for item in sys.path:\r
192 if isinstance(item, _StringType):\r
193 module = self.fs_imp.import_from_dir(item, name)\r
194 else:\r
195 module = item.import_top(name)\r
196 if module:\r
197 return module\r
198 return None\r
199\r
200 def _reload_hook(self, module):\r
201 "Python calls this hook to reload a module."\r
202\r
203 # reloading of a module may or may not be possible (depending on the\r
204 # importer), but at least we can validate that it's ours to reload\r
205 importer = module.__dict__.get('__importer__')\r
206 if not importer:\r
207 ### oops. now what...\r
208 pass\r
209\r
210 # okay. it is using the imputil system, and we must delegate it, but\r
211 # we don't know what to do (yet)\r
212 ### we should blast the module dict and do another get_code(). need to\r
213 ### flesh this out and add proper docco...\r
214 raise SystemError, "reload not yet implemented"\r
215\r
216\r
217class Importer:\r
218 "Base class for replacing standard import functions."\r
219\r
220 def import_top(self, name):\r
221 "Import a top-level module."\r
222 return self._import_one(None, name, name)\r
223\r
224 ######################################################################\r
225 #\r
226 # PRIVATE METHODS\r
227 #\r
228 def _finish_import(self, top, parts, fromlist):\r
229 # if "a.b.c" was provided, then load the ".b.c" portion down from\r
230 # below the top-level module.\r
231 bottom = self._load_tail(top, parts)\r
232\r
233 # if the form is "import a.b.c", then return "a"\r
234 if not fromlist:\r
235 # no fromlist: return the top of the import tree\r
236 return top\r
237\r
238 # the top module was imported by self.\r
239 #\r
240 # this means that the bottom module was also imported by self (just\r
241 # now, or in the past and we fetched it from sys.modules).\r
242 #\r
243 # since we imported/handled the bottom module, this means that we can\r
244 # also handle its fromlist (and reliably use __ispkg__).\r
245\r
246 # if the bottom node is a package, then (potentially) import some\r
247 # modules.\r
248 #\r
249 # note: if it is not a package, then "fromlist" refers to names in\r
250 # the bottom module rather than modules.\r
251 # note: for a mix of names and modules in the fromlist, we will\r
252 # import all modules and insert those into the namespace of\r
253 # the package module. Python will pick up all fromlist names\r
254 # from the bottom (package) module; some will be modules that\r
255 # we imported and stored in the namespace, others are expected\r
256 # to be present already.\r
257 if bottom.__ispkg__:\r
258 self._import_fromlist(bottom, fromlist)\r
259\r
260 # if the form is "from a.b import c, d" then return "b"\r
261 return bottom\r
262\r
263 def _import_one(self, parent, modname, fqname):\r
264 "Import a single module."\r
265\r
266 # has the module already been imported?\r
267 try:\r
268 return sys.modules[fqname]\r
269 except KeyError:\r
270 pass\r
271\r
272 # load the module's code, or fetch the module itself\r
273 result = self.get_code(parent, modname, fqname)\r
274 if result is None:\r
275 return None\r
276\r
277 module = self._process_result(result, fqname)\r
278\r
279 # insert the module into its parent\r
280 if parent:\r
281 setattr(parent, modname, module)\r
282 return module\r
283\r
284 def _process_result(self, result, fqname):\r
285 ispkg, code, values = result\r
286 # did get_code() return an actual module? (rather than a code object)\r
287 is_module = isinstance(code, _ModuleType)\r
288\r
289 # use the returned module, or create a new one to exec code into\r
290 if is_module:\r
291 module = code\r
292 else:\r
293 module = imp.new_module(fqname)\r
294\r
295 ### record packages a bit differently??\r
296 module.__importer__ = self\r
297 module.__ispkg__ = ispkg\r
298\r
299 # insert additional values into the module (before executing the code)\r
300 module.__dict__.update(values)\r
301\r
302 # the module is almost ready... make it visible\r
303 sys.modules[fqname] = module\r
304\r
305 # execute the code within the module's namespace\r
306 if not is_module:\r
307 try:\r
308 exec code in module.__dict__\r
309 except:\r
310 if fqname in sys.modules:\r
311 del sys.modules[fqname]\r
312 raise\r
313\r
314 # fetch from sys.modules instead of returning module directly.\r
315 # also make module's __name__ agree with fqname, in case\r
316 # the "exec code in module.__dict__" played games on us.\r
317 module = sys.modules[fqname]\r
318 module.__name__ = fqname\r
319 return module\r
320\r
321 def _load_tail(self, m, parts):\r
322 """Import the rest of the modules, down from the top-level module.\r
323\r
324 Returns the last module in the dotted list of modules.\r
325 """\r
326 for part in parts:\r
327 fqname = "%s.%s" % (m.__name__, part)\r
328 m = self._import_one(m, part, fqname)\r
329 if not m:\r
330 raise ImportError, "No module named " + fqname\r
331 return m\r
332\r
333 def _import_fromlist(self, package, fromlist):\r
334 'Import any sub-modules in the "from" list.'\r
335\r
336 # if '*' is present in the fromlist, then look for the '__all__'\r
337 # variable to find additional items (modules) to import.\r
338 if '*' in fromlist:\r
339 fromlist = list(fromlist) + \\r
340 list(package.__dict__.get('__all__', []))\r
341\r
342 for sub in fromlist:\r
343 # if the name is already present, then don't try to import it (it\r
344 # might not be a module!).\r
345 if sub != '*' and not hasattr(package, sub):\r
346 subname = "%s.%s" % (package.__name__, sub)\r
347 submod = self._import_one(package, sub, subname)\r
348 if not submod:\r
349 raise ImportError, "cannot import name " + subname\r
350\r
351 def _do_import(self, parent, parts, fromlist):\r
352 """Attempt to import the module relative to parent.\r
353\r
354 This method is used when the import context specifies that <self>\r
355 imported the parent module.\r
356 """\r
357 top_name = parts[0]\r
358 top_fqname = parent.__name__ + '.' + top_name\r
359 top_module = self._import_one(parent, top_name, top_fqname)\r
360 if not top_module:\r
361 # this importer and parent could not find the module (relatively)\r
362 return None\r
363\r
364 return self._finish_import(top_module, parts[1:], fromlist)\r
365\r
366 ######################################################################\r
367 #\r
368 # METHODS TO OVERRIDE\r
369 #\r
370 def get_code(self, parent, modname, fqname):\r
371 """Find and retrieve the code for the given module.\r
372\r
373 parent specifies a parent module to define a context for importing. It\r
374 may be None, indicating no particular context for the search.\r
375\r
376 modname specifies a single module (not dotted) within the parent.\r
377\r
378 fqname specifies the fully-qualified module name. This is a\r
379 (potentially) dotted name from the "root" of the module namespace\r
380 down to the modname.\r
381 If there is no parent, then modname==fqname.\r
382\r
383 This method should return None, or a 3-tuple.\r
384\r
385 * If the module was not found, then None should be returned.\r
386\r
387 * The first item of the 2- or 3-tuple should be the integer 0 or 1,\r
388 specifying whether the module that was found is a package or not.\r
389\r
390 * The second item is the code object for the module (it will be\r
391 executed within the new module's namespace). This item can also\r
392 be a fully-loaded module object (e.g. loaded from a shared lib).\r
393\r
394 * The third item is a dictionary of name/value pairs that will be\r
395 inserted into new module before the code object is executed. This\r
396 is provided in case the module's code expects certain values (such\r
397 as where the module was found). When the second item is a module\r
398 object, then these names/values will be inserted *after* the module\r
399 has been loaded/initialized.\r
400 """\r
401 raise RuntimeError, "get_code not implemented"\r
402\r
403\r
404######################################################################\r
405#\r
406# Some handy stuff for the Importers\r
407#\r
408\r
409# byte-compiled file suffix character\r
410_suffix_char = __debug__ and 'c' or 'o'\r
411\r
412# byte-compiled file suffix\r
413_suffix = '.py' + _suffix_char\r
414\r
415def _compile(pathname, timestamp):\r
416 """Compile (and cache) a Python source file.\r
417\r
418 The file specified by <pathname> is compiled to a code object and\r
419 returned.\r
420\r
421 Presuming the appropriate privileges exist, the bytecodes will be\r
422 saved back to the filesystem for future imports. The source file's\r
423 modification timestamp must be provided as a Long value.\r
424 """\r
425 codestring = open(pathname, 'rU').read()\r
426 if codestring and codestring[-1] != '\n':\r
427 codestring = codestring + '\n'\r
428 code = __builtin__.compile(codestring, pathname, 'exec')\r
429\r
430 # try to cache the compiled code\r
431 try:\r
432 f = open(pathname + _suffix_char, 'wb')\r
433 except IOError:\r
434 pass\r
435 else:\r
436 f.write('\0\0\0\0')\r
437 f.write(struct.pack('<I', timestamp))\r
438 marshal.dump(code, f)\r
439 f.flush()\r
440 f.seek(0, 0)\r
441 f.write(imp.get_magic())\r
442 f.close()\r
443\r
444 return code\r
445\r
446_os_stat = _os_path_join = None\r
447def _os_bootstrap():\r
448 "Set up 'os' module replacement functions for use during import bootstrap."\r
449\r
450 names = sys.builtin_module_names\r
451\r
452 join = None\r
453 if 'posix' in names:\r
454 sep = '/'\r
455 from posix import stat\r
456 elif 'nt' in names:\r
457 sep = '\\'\r
458 from nt import stat\r
459 elif 'dos' in names:\r
460 sep = '\\'\r
461 from dos import stat\r
462 elif 'os2' in names:\r
463 sep = '\\'\r
464 from os2 import stat\r
465 else:\r
466 raise ImportError, 'no os specific module found'\r
467\r
468 if join is None:\r
469 def join(a, b, sep=sep):\r
470 if a == '':\r
471 return b\r
472 lastchar = a[-1:]\r
473 if lastchar == '/' or lastchar == sep:\r
474 return a + b\r
475 return a + sep + b\r
476\r
477 global _os_stat\r
478 _os_stat = stat\r
479\r
480 global _os_path_join\r
481 _os_path_join = join\r
482\r
483def _os_path_isdir(pathname):\r
484 "Local replacement for os.path.isdir()."\r
485 try:\r
486 s = _os_stat(pathname)\r
487 except OSError:\r
488 return None\r
489 return (s.st_mode & 0170000) == 0040000\r
490\r
491def _timestamp(pathname):\r
492 "Return the file modification time as a Long."\r
493 try:\r
494 s = _os_stat(pathname)\r
495 except OSError:\r
496 return None\r
497 return long(s.st_mtime)\r
498\r
499\r
500######################################################################\r
501#\r
502# Emulate the import mechanism for builtin and frozen modules\r
503#\r
504class BuiltinImporter(Importer):\r
505 def get_code(self, parent, modname, fqname):\r
506 if parent:\r
507 # these modules definitely do not occur within a package context\r
508 return None\r
509\r
510 # look for the module\r
511 if imp.is_builtin(modname):\r
512 type = imp.C_BUILTIN\r
513 elif imp.is_frozen(modname):\r
514 type = imp.PY_FROZEN\r
515 else:\r
516 # not found\r
517 return None\r
518\r
519 # got it. now load and return it.\r
520 module = imp.load_module(modname, None, modname, ('', '', type))\r
521 return 0, module, { }\r
522\r
523\r
524######################################################################\r
525#\r
526# Internal importer used for importing from the filesystem\r
527#\r
528class _FilesystemImporter(Importer):\r
529 def __init__(self):\r
530 self.suffixes = [ ]\r
531\r
532 def add_suffix(self, suffix, importFunc):\r
533 assert hasattr(importFunc, '__call__')\r
534 self.suffixes.append((suffix, importFunc))\r
535\r
536 def import_from_dir(self, dir, fqname):\r
537 result = self._import_pathname(_os_path_join(dir, fqname), fqname)\r
538 if result:\r
539 return self._process_result(result, fqname)\r
540 return None\r
541\r
542 def get_code(self, parent, modname, fqname):\r
543 # This importer is never used with an empty parent. Its existence is\r
544 # private to the ImportManager. The ImportManager uses the\r
545 # import_from_dir() method to import top-level modules/packages.\r
546 # This method is only used when we look for a module within a package.\r
547 assert parent\r
548\r
549 for submodule_path in parent.__path__:\r
550 code = self._import_pathname(_os_path_join(submodule_path, modname), fqname)\r
551 if code is not None:\r
552 return code\r
553 return self._import_pathname(_os_path_join(parent.__pkgdir__, modname),\r
554 fqname)\r
555\r
556 def _import_pathname(self, pathname, fqname):\r
557 if _os_path_isdir(pathname):\r
558 result = self._import_pathname(_os_path_join(pathname, '__init__'),\r
559 fqname)\r
560 if result:\r
561 values = result[2]\r
562 values['__pkgdir__'] = pathname\r
563 values['__path__'] = [ pathname ]\r
564 return 1, result[1], values\r
565 return None\r
566\r
567 for suffix, importFunc in self.suffixes:\r
568 filename = pathname + suffix\r
569 try:\r
570 finfo = _os_stat(filename)\r
571 except OSError:\r
572 pass\r
573 else:\r
574 return importFunc(filename, finfo, fqname)\r
575 return None\r
576\r
577######################################################################\r
578#\r
579# SUFFIX-BASED IMPORTERS\r
580#\r
581\r
582def py_suffix_importer(filename, finfo, fqname):\r
583 file = filename[:-3] + _suffix\r
584 t_py = long(finfo[8])\r
585 t_pyc = _timestamp(file)\r
586\r
587 code = None\r
588 if t_pyc is not None and t_pyc >= t_py:\r
589 f = open(file, 'rb')\r
590 if f.read(4) == imp.get_magic():\r
591 t = struct.unpack('<I', f.read(4))[0]\r
592 if t == t_py:\r
593 code = marshal.load(f)\r
594 f.close()\r
595 if code is None:\r
596 file = filename\r
597 code = _compile(file, t_py)\r
598\r
599 return 0, code, { '__file__' : file }\r
600\r
601class DynLoadSuffixImporter:\r
602 def __init__(self, desc):\r
603 self.desc = desc\r
604\r
605 def import_file(self, filename, finfo, fqname):\r
606 fp = open(filename, self.desc[1])\r
607 module = imp.load_module(fqname, fp, filename, self.desc)\r
608 module.__file__ = filename\r
609 return 0, module, { }\r
610\r
611\r
612######################################################################\r
613\r
614def _print_importers():\r
615 items = sys.modules.items()\r
616 items.sort()\r
617 for name, module in items:\r
618 if module:\r
619 print name, module.__dict__.get('__importer__', '-- no importer')\r
620 else:\r
621 print name, '-- non-existent module'\r
622\r
623def _test_revamp():\r
624 ImportManager().install()\r
625 sys.path.insert(0, BuiltinImporter())\r
626\r
627######################################################################\r
628\r
629#\r
630# TODO\r
631#\r
632# from Finn Bock:\r
633# type(sys) is not a module in Jython. what to use instead?\r
634# imp.C_EXTENSION is not in Jython. same for get_suffixes and new_module\r
635#\r
636# given foo.py of:\r
637# import sys\r
638# sys.modules['foo'] = sys\r
639#\r
640# ---- standard import mechanism\r
641# >>> import foo\r
642# >>> foo\r
643# <module 'sys' (built-in)>\r
644#\r
645# ---- revamped import mechanism\r
646# >>> import imputil\r
647# >>> imputil._test_revamp()\r
648# >>> import foo\r
649# >>> foo\r
650# <module 'foo' from 'foo.py'>\r
651#\r
652#\r
653# from MAL:\r
654# should BuiltinImporter exist in sys.path or hard-wired in ImportManager?\r
655# need __path__ processing\r
656# performance\r
657# move chaining to a subclass [gjs: it's been nuked]\r
658# deinstall should be possible\r
659# query mechanism needed: is a specific Importer installed?\r
660# py/pyc/pyo piping hooks to filter/process these files\r
661# wish list:\r
662# distutils importer hooked to list of standard Internet repositories\r
663# module->file location mapper to speed FS-based imports\r
664# relative imports\r
665# keep chaining so that it can play nice with other import hooks\r
666#\r
667# from Gordon:\r
668# push MAL's mapper into sys.path[0] as a cache (hard-coded for apps)\r
669#\r
670# from Guido:\r
671# need to change sys.* references for rexec environs\r
672# need hook for MAL's walk-me-up import strategy, or Tim's absolute strategy\r
673# watch out for sys.modules[...] is None\r
674# flag to force absolute imports? (speeds _determine_import_context and\r
675# checking for a relative module)\r
676# insert names of archives into sys.path (see quote below)\r
677# note: reload does NOT blast module dict\r
678# shift import mechanisms and policies around; provide for hooks, overrides\r
679# (see quote below)\r
680# add get_source stuff\r
681# get_topcode and get_subcode\r
682# CRLF handling in _compile\r
683# race condition in _compile\r
684# refactoring of os.py to deal with _os_bootstrap problem\r
685# any special handling to do for importing a module with a SyntaxError?\r
686# (e.g. clean up the traceback)\r
687# implement "domain" for path-type functionality using pkg namespace\r
688# (rather than FS-names like __path__)\r
689# don't use the word "private"... maybe "internal"\r
690#\r
691#\r
692# Guido's comments on sys.path caching:\r
693#\r
694# We could cache this in a dictionary: the ImportManager can have a\r
695# cache dict mapping pathnames to importer objects, and a separate\r
696# method for coming up with an importer given a pathname that's not yet\r
697# in the cache. The method should do a stat and/or look at the\r
698# extension to decide which importer class to use; you can register new\r
699# importer classes by registering a suffix or a Boolean function, plus a\r
700# class. If you register a new importer class, the cache is zapped.\r
701# The cache is independent from sys.path (but maintained per\r
702# ImportManager instance) so that rearrangements of sys.path do the\r
703# right thing. If a path is dropped from sys.path the corresponding\r
704# cache entry is simply no longer used.\r
705#\r
706# My/Guido's comments on factoring ImportManager and Importer:\r
707#\r
708# > However, we still have a tension occurring here:\r
709# >\r
710# > 1) implementing policy in ImportManager assists in single-point policy\r
711# > changes for app/rexec situations\r
712# > 2) implementing policy in Importer assists in package-private policy\r
713# > changes for normal, operating conditions\r
714# >\r
715# > I'll see if I can sort out a way to do this. Maybe the Importer class will\r
716# > implement the methods (which can be overridden to change policy) by\r
717# > delegating to ImportManager.\r
718#\r
719# Maybe also think about what kind of policies an Importer would be\r
720# likely to want to change. I have a feeling that a lot of the code\r
721# there is actually not so much policy but a *necessity* to get things\r
722# working given the calling conventions for the __import__ hook: whether\r
723# to return the head or tail of a dotted name, or when to do the "finish\r
724# fromlist" stuff.\r
725#\r