Imported smartmontools-5.27.cvs20061002

[mirror_smartmontools-debian.git] / ataprint.cpp

/*
 * ataprint.cpp
 *
 * Home page of code is: http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-6 Bruce Allen <smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net>
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Michael Cornwell <cornwell@acm.org>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * (for example COPYING); if not, write to the Free
 * Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 * This code was originally developed as a Senior Thesis by Michael Cornwell
 * at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory (now part of the Storage Systems
 * Research Center), Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of
 * California, Santa Cruz. http://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/
 *
 */

#include "config.h"

#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
#include <locale.h>
#endif // #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H

#include "int64.h"
#include "atacmdnames.h"
#include "atacmds.h"
#include "ataprint.h"
#include "smartctl.h"
#include "extern.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "knowndrives.h"

const char *ataprint_c_cvsid="$Id: ataprint.cpp,v 1.168 2006/09/17 09:34:29 shattered Exp $"
ATACMDNAMES_H_CVSID ATACMDS_H_CVSID ATAPRINT_H_CVSID CONFIG_H_CVSID EXTERN_H_CVSID INT64_H_CVSID KNOWNDRIVES_H_CVSID SMARTCTL_H_CVSID UTILITY_H_CVSID;

// for passing global control variables
extern smartmonctrl *con;

// to hold onto exit code for atexit routine
extern int exitstatus;

// Copies n bytes (or n-1 if n is odd) from in to out, but swaps adjacents
// bytes.
void swapbytes(char *out, const char *in, size_t n)
{
  size_t i;

  for (i = 0; i < n; i += 2) {
    out[i]   = in[i+1];
    out[i+1] = in[i];
  }
}

// Copies in to out, but removes leading and trailing whitespace.
void trim(char *out, const char *in)
{
  int i, first, last;

  // Find the first non-space character (maybe none).
  first = -1;
  for (i = 0; in[i]; i++)
    if (!isspace((int)in[i])) {
      first = i;
      break;
    }

  if (first == -1) {
    // There are no non-space characters.
    out[0] = '\0';
    return;
  }

  // Find the last non-space character.
  for (i = strlen(in)-1; i >= first && isspace((int)in[i]); i--)
    ;
  last = i;

  strncpy(out, in+first, last-first+1);
  out[last-first+1] = '\0';
}

// Convenience function for formatting strings from ata_identify_device
void formatdriveidstring(char *out, const char *in, int n)
{
  char tmp[65];

  n = n > 64 ? 64 : n;
#ifndef __NetBSD__
  swapbytes(tmp, in, n);
#else
  if (isbigendian())
    strncpy(tmp, in, n);
  else
    swapbytes(tmp, in, n);
#endif
  tmp[n] = '\0';
  trim(out, tmp);
}

void infofound(char *output) {
  if (*output)
    pout("%s\n", output);
  else
    pout("[No Information Found]\n");
}


/* For the given Command Register (CR) and Features Register (FR), attempts
 * to construct a string that describes the contents of the Status
 * Register (ST) and Error Register (ER).  The string is dynamically allocated
 * memory and the return value is a pointer to this string.  It is up to the
 * caller to free this memory.  If there is insufficient memory or if the
 * meanings of the flags of the error register are not known for the given
 * command then it returns NULL.
 *
 * The meanings of the flags of the error register for all commands are
 * described in the ATA spec and could all be supported here in theory.
 * Currently, only a few commands are supported (those that have been seen
 * to produce errors).  If many more are to be added then this function
 * should probably be redesigned.
 */
char *construct_st_er_desc(struct ata_smart_errorlog_struct *data) {
  unsigned char CR=data->commands[4].commandreg;
  unsigned char FR=data->commands[4].featuresreg;
  unsigned char ST=data->error_struct.status;
  unsigned char ER=data->error_struct.error_register;
  char *s;
  const char *error_flag[8];
  int i, print_lba=0, print_sector=0;

  // Set of character strings corresponding to different error codes.
  // Please keep in alphabetic order if you add more.
  const char  *abrt  = "ABRT";  // ABORTED
 const char   *amnf  = "AMNF";  // ADDRESS MARK NOT FOUND
 const char   *ccto  = "CCTO";  // COMMAND COMPLETTION TIMED OUT
 const char   *eom   = "EOM";   // END OF MEDIA
 const char   *icrc  = "ICRC";  // INTERFACE CRC ERROR
 const char   *idnf  = "IDNF";  // ID NOT FOUND
 const char   *ili   = "ILI";   // MEANING OF THIS BIT IS COMMAND-SET SPECIFIC
 const char   *mc    = "MC";    // MEDIA CHANGED 
 const char   *mcr   = "MCR";   // MEDIA CHANGE REQUEST
 const char   *nm    = "NM";    // NO MEDIA
 const char   *obs   = "obs";   // OBSOLETE
 const char   *tk0nf = "TK0NF"; // TRACK 0 NOT FOUND
 const char   *unc   = "UNC";   // UNCORRECTABLE
 const char   *wp    = "WP";    // WRITE PROTECTED

  /* If for any command the Device Fault flag of the status register is
   * not used then used_device_fault should be set to 0 (in the CR switch
   * below)
   */
  int uses_device_fault = 1;

  /* A value of NULL means that the error flag isn't used */
  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    error_flag[i] = NULL;

  switch (CR) {
  case 0x10:  // RECALIBRATE
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = tk0nf;
    break;
  case 0x20:  /* READ SECTOR(S) */
  case 0x21:  // READ SECTOR(S)
  case 0x24:  // READ SECTOR(S) EXT
  case 0xC4:  /* READ MULTIPLE */
  case 0x29:  // READ MULTIPLE EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0x22:  // READ LONG (with retries)
  case 0x23:  // READ LONG (without retries)
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0x2a:  // READ STREAM DMA
  case 0x2b:  // READ STREAM PIO
    if (CR==0x2a)
      error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = ccto;
    print_lba=1;
    print_sector=(int)data->error_struct.sector_count;
    break;
  case 0x3A:  // WRITE STREAM DMA
  case 0x3B:  // WRITE STREAM PIO
    if (CR==0x3A)
      error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = ccto;
    print_lba=1;
    print_sector=(int)data->error_struct.sector_count;
    break;
  case 0x25:  /* READ DMA EXT */
  case 0x26:  // READ DMA QUEUED EXT
  case 0xC7:  // READ DMA QUEUED
  case 0xC8:  /* READ DMA */
  case 0xC9:
    error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    if (CR==0x25 || CR==0xC8)
      print_sector=(int)data->error_struct.sector_count;
    break;
  case 0x30:  /* WRITE SECTOR(S) */
  case 0x31:  // WRITE SECTOR(S)
  case 0x34:  // WRITE SECTOR(S) EXT
  case 0xC5:  /* WRITE MULTIPLE */
  case 0x39:  // WRITE MULTIPLE EXT
  case 0xCE:  // WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0x32:  // WRITE LONG (with retries)
  case 0x33:  // WRITE LONG (without retries)
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0x3C:  // WRITE VERIFY
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0x40: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) with retries
  case 0x41: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) without retries
  case 0x42: // READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    break;
  case 0xA0:  /* PACKET */
    /* Bits 4-7 are all used for sense key (a 'command packet set specific error
     * indication' according to the ATA/ATAPI-7 standard), so "Sense key" will
     * be repeated in the error description string if more than one of those
     * bits is set.
     */
    error_flag[7] = "Sense key (bit 3)",
    error_flag[6] = "Sense key (bit 2)",
    error_flag[5] = "Sense key (bit 1)",
    error_flag[4] = "Sense key (bit 0)",
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = eom;
    error_flag[0] = ili;
    break;
  case 0xA1:  /* IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE */
  case 0xEF:  /* SET FEATURES */
  case 0x00:  /* NOP */
  case 0xC6:  /* SET MULTIPLE MODE */
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    break;
  case 0x2F:  // READ LOG EXT
    error_flag[6] = unc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = obs;
    break;
  case 0x3F:  // WRITE LOG EXT
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[0] = obs;
    break;
  case 0xB0:  /* SMART */
    switch(FR) {
    case 0xD0:  // SMART READ DATA
    case 0xD1:  // SMART READ ATTRIBUTE THRESHOLDS
    case 0xD5:  /* SMART READ LOG */
      error_flag[6] = unc;
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      error_flag[0] = obs;
      break;
    case 0xD6:  /* SMART WRITE LOG */
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      error_flag[0] = obs;
      break;
    case 0xD2:  // Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave
    case 0xD3:  // SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES (ATA-3)
    case 0xD8:  // SMART ENABLE OPERATIONS
    case 0xD9:  /* SMART DISABLE OPERATIONS */
    case 0xDA:  /* SMART RETURN STATUS */
    case 0xDB:  // Enable/Disable Auto Offline (SFF)
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    case 0xD4:  // SMART EXECUTE IMMEDIATE OFFLINE
      error_flag[4] = idnf;
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    default:
      return NULL;
      break;
    }
    break;
  case 0xB1:  /* DEVICE CONFIGURATION */
    switch (FR) {
    case 0xC0:  /* DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE */
      error_flag[2] = abrt;
      break;
    default:
      return NULL;
      break;
    }
    break;
  case 0xCA:  /* WRITE DMA */
  case 0xCB:
  case 0x35:  // WRITE DMA EXT
  case 0x3D:  // WRITE DMA FUA EXT
  case 0xCC:  // WRITE DMA QUEUED
  case 0x36:  // WRITE DMA QUEUED EXT
  case 0x3E:  // WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT
    error_flag[7] = icrc;
    error_flag[6] = wp;
    error_flag[5] = mc;
    error_flag[4] = idnf;
    error_flag[3] = mcr;
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    error_flag[1] = nm;
    error_flag[0] = amnf;
    print_lba=1;
    if (CR==0x35)
      print_sector=(int)data->error_struct.sector_count;
    break;
  case 0xE4: // READ BUFFER
  case 0xE8: // WRITE BUFFER
    error_flag[2] = abrt;
    break;
  default:
    return NULL;
  }

  /* 256 bytes -- that'll be plenty (OK, this is lazy!) */
  if (!(s = (char *)malloc(256)))
    return s;

  s[0] = '\0';

  /* We ignore any status flags other than Device Fault and Error */

  if (uses_device_fault && (ST & (1 << 5))) {
    strcat(s, "Device Fault");
    if (ST & 1)  // Error flag
      strcat(s, "; ");
  }
  if (ST & 1) {  // Error flag
    int count = 0;

    strcat(s, "Error: ");
    for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
      if ((ER & (1 << i)) && (error_flag[i])) {
        if (count++ > 0)
           strcat(s, ", ");
        strcat(s, error_flag[i]);
      }
  }

  // If the error was a READ or WRITE error, print the Logical Block
  // Address (LBA) at which the read or write failed.
  if (print_lba) {
    char tmp[128];
    int lba;

    // bits 24-27: bits 0-3 of DH
    lba   = 0xf & data->error_struct.drive_head;
    lba <<= 8;
    // bits 16-23: CH
    lba  |= data->error_struct.cylinder_high;
    lba <<= 8;
    // bits 8-15:  CL
    lba  |= data->error_struct.cylinder_low;
    lba <<= 8;
    // bits 0-7:   SN
    lba  |= data->error_struct.sector_number;

    // print number of sectors, if known, and append to print string
    if (print_sector) {
      snprintf(tmp, 128, " %d sectors", print_sector);
      strcat(s, tmp);
    }

    // print LBA, and append to print string
    snprintf(tmp, 128, " at LBA = 0x%08x = %d", lba, lba);
    strcat(s, tmp);
  }

  return s;
}

// This returns the capacity of a disk drive and also prints this into
// a string, using comma separators to make it easier to read.  If the
// drive doesn't support LBA addressing or has no user writable
// sectors (eg, CDROM or DVD) then routine returns zero.
uint64_t determine_capacity(struct ata_identify_device *drive, char *pstring){

  unsigned short command_set_2  = drive->command_set_2;
  unsigned short capabilities_0 = drive->words047_079[49-47];
  unsigned short sects_16       = drive->words047_079[60-47];
  unsigned short sects_32       = drive->words047_079[61-47];
  unsigned short lba_16         = drive->words088_255[100-88];
  unsigned short lba_32         = drive->words088_255[101-88];
  unsigned short lba_48         = drive->words088_255[102-88];
  unsigned short lba_64         = drive->words088_255[103-88];
  uint64_t capacity_short=0, capacity=0, threedigits, power_of_ten;
  int started=0,k=1000000000;
  char separator=',';

  // get correct character to use as thousands separator
#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
  struct lconv *currentlocale=NULL;
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
  currentlocale=localeconv();
  if (*(currentlocale->thousands_sep))
    separator=*(currentlocale->thousands_sep);
#endif // #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H

  // if drive supports LBA addressing, determine 32-bit LBA capacity
  if (capabilities_0 & 0x0200) {
    capacity_short = (unsigned int)sects_32 << 16 | 
                     (unsigned int)sects_16 << 0  ;
    
    // if drive supports 48-bit addressing, determine THAT capacity
    if ((command_set_2 & 0xc000) == 0x4000 && (command_set_2 & 0x0400))
      capacity = (uint64_t)lba_64 << 48 | 
                 (uint64_t)lba_48 << 32 |
                 (uint64_t)lba_32 << 16 | 
                 (uint64_t)lba_16 << 0  ;
    
    // choose the larger of the two possible capacities
    if (capacity_short>capacity)
      capacity=capacity_short;
  }

  // turn sectors into bytes
  capacity_short = (capacity *= 512);
  
  // print with locale-specific separators (default is comma)
  power_of_ten =  k;
  power_of_ten *= k;
  
  for (k=0; k<7; k++) {
    threedigits = capacity/power_of_ten;
    capacity   -= threedigits*power_of_ten;
    if (started)
      // we have already printed some digits
      pstring += sprintf(pstring, "%c%03"PRIu64, separator, threedigits);
    else if (threedigits || k==6) {
      // these are the first digits that we are printing
      pstring += sprintf(pstring, "%"PRIu64, threedigits);
      started = 1;
    }
    if (k!=6)
      power_of_ten /= 1000;
  }
  
  return capacity_short;
}

int ataPrintDriveInfo (struct ata_identify_device *drive){
  int version, drivetype;
  const char *description;
  char unknown[64], timedatetz[DATEANDEPOCHLEN];
  unsigned short minorrev;
  char model[64], serial[64], firm[64], capacity[64];

  // format drive information (with byte swapping as needed)
  formatdriveidstring(model, (char *)drive->model,40);
  formatdriveidstring(serial, (char *)drive->serial_no,20);
  formatdriveidstring(firm, (char *)drive->fw_rev,8);

  // print out model, serial # and firmware versions  (byte-swap ASCI strings)
  drivetype=lookupdrive(model, firm);

  // Print model family if known
  if (drivetype>=0 && knowndrives[drivetype].modelfamily)
    pout("Model Family:     %s\n", knowndrives[drivetype].modelfamily);

  pout("Device Model:     ");
  infofound(model);
  pout("Serial Number:    ");
  infofound(serial);
  pout("Firmware Version: ");
  infofound(firm);

  if (determine_capacity(drive, capacity))
    pout("User Capacity:    %s bytes\n", capacity);
  
  // See if drive is recognized
  pout("Device is:        %s\n", drivetype<0?
       "Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]":
       "In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]");

  // now get ATA version info
  version=ataVersionInfo(&description,drive, &minorrev);

  // unrecognized minor revision code
  if (!description){
    if (!minorrev)
      sprintf(unknown, "Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated");
    else
      sprintf(unknown,"Not recognized. Minor revision code: 0x%02hx", minorrev);
    description=unknown;
  }
  
  
  // SMART Support was first added into the ATA/ATAPI-3 Standard with
  // Revision 3 of the document, July 25, 1995.  Look at the "Document
  // Status" revision commands at the beginning of
  // http://www.t13.org/project/d2008r6.pdf to see this.  So it's not
  // enough to check if we are ATA-3.  Version=-3 indicates ATA-3
  // BEFORE Revision 3.
  pout("ATA Version is:   %d\n",(int)abs(version));
  pout("ATA Standard is:  %s\n",description);
  
  // print current time and date and timezone
  dateandtimezone(timedatetz);
  pout("Local Time is:    %s\n", timedatetz);

  // Print warning message, if there is one
  if (drivetype>=0 && knowndrives[drivetype].warningmsg)
    pout("\n==> WARNING: %s\n\n", knowndrives[drivetype].warningmsg);

  if (version>=3)
    return drivetype;
  
  pout("SMART is only available in ATA Version 3 Revision 3 or greater.\n");
  pout("We will try to proceed in spite of this.\n");
  return drivetype;
}


const char *OfflineDataCollectionStatus(unsigned char status_byte){
  unsigned char stat=status_byte & 0x7f;
  
  switch(stat){
  case 0x00:
    return "was never started";
  case 0x02:
    return "was completed without error";
  case 0x03:
    if (status_byte == 0x03)
      return "is in progress";
    else
      return "is in a Reserved state";
  case 0x04:
    return "was suspended by an interrupting command from host";
  case 0x05:
    return "was aborted by an interrupting command from host";
  case 0x06:
    return "was aborted by the device with a fatal error";
  default:
    if (stat >= 0x40)
      return "is in a Vendor Specific state\n";
    else
      return "is in a Reserved state\n";
  }
}
  
  
  /*  prints verbose value Off-line data collection status byte */
  void PrintSmartOfflineStatus(struct ata_smart_values *data){
  
  pout("Offline data collection status:  (0x%02x)\t",
       (int)data->offline_data_collection_status);
    
  // Off-line data collection status byte is not a reserved
  // or vendor specific value
  pout("Offline data collection activity\n"
       "\t\t\t\t\t%s.\n", OfflineDataCollectionStatus(data->offline_data_collection_status));
  
  // Report on Automatic Data Collection Status.  Only IBM documents
  // this bit.  See SFF 8035i Revision 2 for details.
  if (data->offline_data_collection_status & 0x80)
    pout("\t\t\t\t\tAuto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.\n");
  else
    pout("\t\t\t\t\tAuto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.\n");
  
  return;
}

void PrintSmartSelfExecStatus(struct ata_smart_values *data)
{
   pout("Self-test execution status:      ");
   
   switch (data->self_test_exec_status >> 4)
   {
      case 0:
        pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test routine completed\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
        pout("without error or no self-test has ever \n\t\t\t\t\tbeen run.\n");
        break;
       case 1:
         pout("(%4d)\tThe self-test routine was aborted by\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                 (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
         pout("the host.\n");
         break;
       case 2:
         pout("(%4d)\tThe self-test routine was interrupted\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                 (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
         pout("by the host with a hard or soft reset.\n");
         break;
       case 3:
          pout("(%4d)\tA fatal error or unknown test error\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("occurred while the device was executing\n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("its self-test routine and the device \n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("was unable to complete the self-test \n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("routine.\n");
          break;
       case 4:
          pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("a test element that failed and the test\n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("element that failed is not known.\n");
          break;
       case 5:
          pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("the electrical element of the test\n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("failed.\n");
          break;
       case 6:
          pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("the servo (and/or seek) element of the \n\t\t\t\t\t");
          pout("test failed.\n");
          break;
       case 7:
          pout("(%4d)\tThe previous self-test completed having\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("the read element of the test failed.\n");
          break;
       case 15:
          pout("(%4d)\tSelf-test routine in progress...\n\t\t\t\t\t",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          pout("%1d0%% of test remaining.\n", 
                  (int)(data->self_test_exec_status & 0x0f));
          break;
       default:
          pout("(%4d)\tReserved.\n",
                  (int)data->self_test_exec_status);
          break;
   }
        
}



void PrintSmartTotalTimeCompleteOffline ( struct ata_smart_values *data){
  pout("Total time to complete Offline \n");
  pout("data collection: \t\t (%4d) seconds.\n", 
       (int)data->total_time_to_complete_off_line);
}



void PrintSmartOfflineCollectCap(struct ata_smart_values *data){
  pout("Offline data collection\n");
  pout("capabilities: \t\t\t (0x%02x) ",
       (int)data->offline_data_collection_capability);
  
  if (data->offline_data_collection_capability == 0x00){
    pout("\tOffline data collection not supported.\n");
  } 
  else {
    pout( "%s\n", isSupportExecuteOfflineImmediate(data)?
          "SMART execute Offline immediate." :
          "No SMART execute Offline immediate.");
    
    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportAutomaticTimer(data)? 
          "Auto Offline data collection on/off support.":
          "No Auto Offline data collection support.");
    
    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportOfflineAbort(data)? 
          "Abort Offline collection upon new\n\t\t\t\t\tcommand.":
          "Suspend Offline collection upon new\n\t\t\t\t\tcommand.");
    
    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportOfflineSurfaceScan(data)? 
          "Offline surface scan supported.":
          "No Offline surface scan supported.");
    
    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportSelfTest(data)? 
          "Self-test supported.":
          "No Self-test supported.");

    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data)? 
          "Conveyance Self-test supported.":
          "No Conveyance Self-test supported.");

    pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(data)? 
          "Selective Self-test supported.":
          "No Selective Self-test supported.");
  }
}



void PrintSmartCapability ( struct ata_smart_values *data)
{
   pout("SMART capabilities:            ");
   pout("(0x%04x)\t", (int)data->smart_capability);
   
   if (data->smart_capability == 0x00)
   {
       pout("Automatic saving of SMART data\t\t\t\t\tis not implemented.\n");
   } 
   else 
   {
        
      pout( "%s\n", (data->smart_capability & 0x01)? 
              "Saves SMART data before entering\n\t\t\t\t\tpower-saving mode.":
              "Does not save SMART data before\n\t\t\t\t\tentering power-saving mode.");
                
      if ( data->smart_capability & 0x02 )
      {
          pout("\t\t\t\t\tSupports SMART auto save timer.\n");
      }
   }
}

void PrintSmartErrorLogCapability (struct ata_smart_values *data, struct ata_identify_device *identity)
{

   pout("Error logging capability:       ");
    
   if ( isSmartErrorLogCapable(data, identity) )
   {
      pout(" (0x%02x)\tError logging supported.\n",
               (int)data->errorlog_capability);
   }
   else {
       pout(" (0x%02x)\tError logging NOT supported.\n",
                (int)data->errorlog_capability);
   }
}

void PrintSmartShortSelfTestPollingTime(struct ata_smart_values *data){
  pout("Short self-test routine \n");
  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
    pout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n", 
         (int)data->short_test_completion_time);
  else
    pout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

void PrintSmartExtendedSelfTestPollingTime(struct ata_smart_values *data){
  pout("Extended self-test routine\n");
  if (isSupportSelfTest(data))
    pout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n", 
         (int)data->extend_test_completion_time);
  else
    pout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

void PrintSmartConveyanceSelfTestPollingTime(struct ata_smart_values *data){
  pout("Conveyance self-test routine\n");
  if (isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data))
    pout("recommended polling time: \t (%4d) minutes.\n", 
         (int)data->conveyance_test_completion_time);
  else
    pout("recommended polling time: \t        Not Supported.\n");
}

// onlyfailed=0 : print all attribute values
// onlyfailed=1:  just ones that are currently failed and have prefailure bit set
// onlyfailed=2:  ones that are failed, or have failed with or without prefailure bit set
void PrintSmartAttribWithThres (struct ata_smart_values *data, 
                                struct ata_smart_thresholds_pvt *thresholds,
                                int onlyfailed){
  int i;
  int needheader=1;
  char rawstring[64];
    
  // step through all vendor attributes
  for (i=0; i<NUMBER_ATA_SMART_ATTRIBUTES; i++){
    char *status;
    struct ata_smart_attribute *disk=data->vendor_attributes+i;
    struct ata_smart_threshold_entry *thre=thresholds->thres_entries+i;
    
    // consider only valid attributes (allowing some screw-ups in the
    // thresholds page data to slip by)
    if (disk->id){
      const char *type, *update;
      int failednow,failedever;
      char attributename[64];

      failednow = (disk->current <= thre->threshold);
      failedever= (disk->worst   <= thre->threshold);
      
      // These break out of the loop if we are only printing certain entries...
      if (onlyfailed==1 && (!ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(disk->flags) || !failednow))
        continue;
      
      if (onlyfailed==2 && !failedever)
        continue;
      
      // print header only if needed
      if (needheader){
        if (!onlyfailed){
          pout("SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: %d\n",(int)data->revnumber);
          pout("Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:\n");
        }
        pout("ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE\n");
        needheader=0;
      }
      
      // is this Attribute currently failed, or has it ever failed?
      if (failednow)
        status="FAILING_NOW";
      else if (failedever)
        status="In_the_past";
      else
        status="    -";

      // Print name of attribute
      ataPrintSmartAttribName(attributename,disk->id, con->attributedefs);
      pout("%-28s",attributename);

      // printing line for each valid attribute
      type=ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(disk->flags)?"Pre-fail":"Old_age";
      update=ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_ONLINE(disk->flags)?"Always":"Offline";

      pout("0x%04x   %.3d   %.3d   %.3d    %-10s%-9s%-12s", 
             (int)disk->flags, (int)disk->current, (int)disk->worst,
             (int)thre->threshold, type, update, status);

      // print raw value of attribute
      ataPrintSmartAttribRawValue(rawstring, disk, con->attributedefs);
      pout("%s\n", rawstring);
      
      // print a warning if there is inconsistency here!
      if (disk->id != thre->id){
        char atdat[64],atthr[64];
        ataPrintSmartAttribName(atdat, disk->id, con->attributedefs);
        ataPrintSmartAttribName(atthr, thre->id, con->attributedefs);
        pout("%-28s<== Data Page      |  WARNING: PREVIOUS ATTRIBUTE HAS TWO\n",atdat);
        pout("%-28s<== Threshold Page |  INCONSISTENT IDENTITIES IN THE DATA\n",atthr);
      }
    }
  }
  if (!needheader) pout("\n");
}

void ataPrintGeneralSmartValues(struct ata_smart_values *data, struct ata_identify_device *drive){
  pout("General SMART Values:\n");
  
  PrintSmartOfflineStatus(data); 
  
  if (isSupportSelfTest(data)){
    PrintSmartSelfExecStatus (data);
  }
  
  PrintSmartTotalTimeCompleteOffline(data);
  PrintSmartOfflineCollectCap(data);
  PrintSmartCapability(data);
  
  PrintSmartErrorLogCapability(data, drive);

  pout( "\t\t\t\t\t%s\n", isGeneralPurposeLoggingCapable(drive)?
        "General Purpose Logging supported.":
        "No General Purpose Logging support.");

  if (isSupportSelfTest(data)){
    PrintSmartShortSelfTestPollingTime (data);
    PrintSmartExtendedSelfTestPollingTime (data);
  }
  if (isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(data))
    PrintSmartConveyanceSelfTestPollingTime (data);
  
  pout("\n");
}

int ataPrintLogDirectory(struct ata_smart_log_directory *data){
  int i;
  char *name;

  pout("SMART Log Directory Logging Version %d%s\n",
       data->logversion, data->logversion==1?" [multi-sector log support]":"");
  for (i=0; i<=255; i++){
    int numsect;
    
    // Directory log length
    numsect = i? data->entry[i-1].numsectors : 1;
    
    // If the log is not empty, what is it's name
    if (numsect){
      switch (i) {
      case 0:
        name="Log Directory"; break;
      case 1:
        name="Summary SMART error log"; break;
      case 2:
        name="Comprehensive SMART error log"; break;
      case 3:
        name="Extended Comprehensive SMART error log"; break;
      case 6:
        name="SMART self-test log"; break;
      case 7:
        name="Extended self-test log"; break;
      case 9:
        name="Selective self-test log"; break;
      case 0x20:
        name="Streaming performance log"; break;
      case 0x21:
        name="Write stream error log"; break;
      case 0x22:
        name="Read stream error log"; break;
      case 0x23:
        name="Delayed sector log"; break;
      default:
        if (0xa0<=i && i<=0xbf) 
          name="Device vendor specific log";
        else if (0x80<=i && i<=0x9f)
          name="Host vendor specific log";
        else
          name="Reserved log";
        break;
      }

      // print name and length of log
      pout("Log at address 0x%02x has %03d sectors [%s]\n",
           i, numsect, name);
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

// returns number of errors
int ataPrintSmartErrorlog(struct ata_smart_errorlog *data){
  int k;

  pout("SMART Error Log Version: %d\n", (int)data->revnumber);
  
  // if no errors logged, return
  if (!data->error_log_pointer){
    pout("No Errors Logged\n\n");
    return 0;
  }
  PRINT_ON(con);
  // If log pointer out of range, return
  if (data->error_log_pointer>5){
    pout("Invalid Error Log index = 0x%02x (T13/1321D rev 1c "
         "Section 8.41.6.8.2.2 gives valid range from 1 to 5)\n\n",
         (int)data->error_log_pointer);
    return 0;
  }

  // Some internal consistency checking of the data structures
  if ((data->ata_error_count-data->error_log_pointer)%5 && con->fixfirmwarebug != FIX_SAMSUNG2) {
    pout("Warning: ATA error count %d inconsistent with error log pointer %d\n\n",
         data->ata_error_count,data->error_log_pointer);
  }
  
  // starting printing error log info
  if (data->ata_error_count<=5)
    pout( "ATA Error Count: %d\n", (int)data->ata_error_count);
  else
    pout( "ATA Error Count: %d (device log contains only the most recent five errors)\n",
           (int)data->ata_error_count);
  PRINT_OFF(con);
  pout("\tCR = Command Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tFR = Features Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tSC = Sector Count Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tSN = Sector Number Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tCL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tCH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tDH = Device/Head Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tDC = Device Command Register [HEX]\n"
       "\tER = Error register [HEX]\n"
       "\tST = Status register [HEX]\n"
       "Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as\n"
       "DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,\n"
       "SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It \"wraps\" after 49.710 days.\n\n");
  
  // now step through the five error log data structures (table 39 of spec)
  for (k = 4; k >= 0; k-- ) {
    char *st_er_desc;

    // The error log data structure entries are a circular buffer
    int j, i=(data->error_log_pointer+k)%5;
    struct ata_smart_errorlog_struct *elog=data->errorlog_struct+i;
    struct ata_smart_errorlog_error_struct *summary=&(elog->error_struct);

    // Spec says: unused error log structures shall be zero filled
    if (nonempty((unsigned char*)elog,sizeof(*elog))){
      // Table 57 of T13/1532D Volume 1 Revision 3
      char *msgstate;
      int bits=summary->state & 0x0f;
      int days = (int)summary->timestamp/24;

      switch (bits){
      case 0x00: msgstate="in an unknown state";break;
      case 0x01: msgstate="sleeping"; break;
      case 0x02: msgstate="in standby mode"; break;
      case 0x03: msgstate="active or idle"; break;
      case 0x04: msgstate="doing SMART Offline or Self-test"; break;
      default:   
        if (bits<0x0b)
          msgstate="in a reserved state";
        else
          msgstate="in a vendor specific state";
      }

      // See table 42 of ATA5 spec
      PRINT_ON(con);
      pout("Error %d occurred at disk power-on lifetime: %d hours (%d days + %d hours)\n",
             (int)(data->ata_error_count+k-4), (int)summary->timestamp, days, (int)(summary->timestamp-24*days));
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      pout("  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was %s.\n\n",msgstate);
      pout("  After command completion occurred, registers were:\n"
           "  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH\n"
           "  -- -- -- -- -- -- --\n"
           "  %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x",
           (int)summary->error_register,
           (int)summary->status,
           (int)summary->sector_count,
           (int)summary->sector_number,
           (int)summary->cylinder_low,
           (int)summary->cylinder_high,
           (int)summary->drive_head);
      // Add a description of the contents of the status and error registers
      // if possible
      st_er_desc = construct_st_er_desc(elog);
      if (st_er_desc) {
        pout("  %s", st_er_desc);
        free(st_er_desc);
      }
      pout("\n\n");
      pout("  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:\n"
           "  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name\n"
           "  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------\n");
      for ( j = 4; j >= 0; j--){
        struct ata_smart_errorlog_command_struct *thiscommand=elog->commands+j;

        // Spec says: unused data command structures shall be zero filled
        if (nonempty((unsigned char*)thiscommand,sizeof(*thiscommand))) {
          char timestring[32];
          
          // Convert integer milliseconds to a text-format string
          MsecToText(thiscommand->timestamp, timestring);
          
          pout("  %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x  %16s  %s\n",
               (int)thiscommand->commandreg,
               (int)thiscommand->featuresreg,
               (int)thiscommand->sector_count,
               (int)thiscommand->sector_number,
               (int)thiscommand->cylinder_low,
               (int)thiscommand->cylinder_high,
               (int)thiscommand->drive_head,
               (int)thiscommand->devicecontrolreg,
               timestring,
               look_up_ata_command(thiscommand->commandreg, thiscommand->featuresreg));
        }
      }
      pout("\n");
    }
  }
  PRINT_ON(con);
  if (con->printing_switchable)
    pout("\n");
  PRINT_OFF(con);
  return data->ata_error_count;  
}

void ataPrintSelectiveSelfTestLog(struct ata_selective_self_test_log *log, struct ata_smart_values *sv) {
  int i,field1,field2;
  char *msg;
  char tmp[64];
  uint64_t maxl=0,maxr=0;
  uint64_t current=log->currentlba;
  uint64_t currentend=current+65535;

  // print data structure revision number
  pout("SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number %d\n",(int)log->logversion);
  if (1 != log->logversion)
    pout("Warning: ATA Specification requires selective self-test log data structure revision number = 1\n");
  
  switch((sv->self_test_exec_status)>>4){
  case  0:msg="Completed";
    break;
  case  1:msg="Aborted_by_host";
    break;
  case  2:msg="Interrupted";
    break;
  case  3:msg="Fatal_error";
    break;
  case  4:msg="Completed_unknown_failure";
    break;
  case  5:msg="Completed_electrical_failure";
    break;
  case  6:msg="Completed_servo/seek_failure";
    break;
  case  7:msg="Completed_read_failure";
    break;
  case  8:msg="Completed_handling_damage??";
    break;
  case 15:msg="Self_test_in_progress";
    break;
  default:msg="Unknown_status ";
    break;
  }

  // find the number of columns needed for printing. If in use, the
  // start/end of span being read-scanned...
  if (log->currentspan>5) {
    maxl=current;
    maxr=currentend;
  }
  for (i=0; i<5; i++) {
    uint64_t start=log->span[i].start;
    uint64_t end  =log->span[i].end; 
    // ... plus max start/end of each of the five test spans.
    if (start>maxl)
      maxl=start;
    if (end > maxr)
      maxr=end;
  }
  
  // we need at least 7 characters wide fields to accomodate the
  // labels
  if ((field1=snprintf(tmp,64, "%"PRIu64, maxl))<7)
    field1=7;
  if ((field2=snprintf(tmp,64, "%"PRIu64, maxr))<7)
    field2=7;

  // now print the five test spans
  pout(" SPAN  %*s  %*s  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS\n", field1, "MIN_LBA", field2, "MAX_LBA");

  for (i=0; i<5; i++) {
    uint64_t start=log->span[i].start;
    uint64_t end=log->span[i].end;
    
    if ((i+1)==(int)log->currentspan)
      // this span is currently under test
      pout("    %d  %*"PRIu64"  %*"PRIu64"  %s [%01d0%% left] (%"PRIu64"-%"PRIu64")\n",
           i+1, field1, start, field2, end, msg,
           (int)(sv->self_test_exec_status & 0x7), current, currentend);
    else
      // this span is not currently under test
      pout("    %d  %*"PRIu64"  %*"PRIu64"  Not_testing\n",
           i+1, field1, start, field2, end);
  }  
  
  // if we are currently read-scanning, print LBAs and the status of
  // the read scan
  if (log->currentspan>5)
    pout("%5d  %*"PRIu64"  %*"PRIu64"  Read_scanning %s\n",
         (int)log->currentspan, field1, current, field2, currentend,
         OfflineDataCollectionStatus(sv->offline_data_collection_status));
  
  /* Print selective self-test flags.  Possible flag combinations are
     (numbering bits from 0-15):
     Bit-1 Bit-3   Bit-4
     Scan  Pending Active
     0     *       *       Don't scan
     1     0       0       Will carry out scan after selective test
     1     1       0       Waiting to carry out scan after powerup
     1     0       1       Currently scanning       
     1     1       1       Currently scanning
  */
  
  pout("Selective self-test flags (0x%x):\n", (unsigned int)log->flags);
  if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_DOSCAN) {
    if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_ACTIVE)
      pout("  Currently read-scanning the remainder of the disk.\n");
    else if (log->flags & SELECTIVE_FLAG_PENDING)
      pout("  Read-scan of remainder of disk interrupted; will resume %d min after power-up.\n",
           (int)log->pendingtime);
    else
      pout("  After scanning selected spans, read-scan remainder of disk.\n");
  }
  else
    pout("  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.\n");
  
  // print pending time
  pout("If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after %d minute delay.\n",
       (int)log->pendingtime);

  return; 
}

// return value is:
// bottom 8 bits: number of entries found where self-test showed an error
// remaining bits: if nonzero, power on hours of last self-test where error was found
int ataPrintSmartSelfTestlog(struct ata_smart_selftestlog *data,int allentries){
  int i,j,noheaderprinted=1;
  int retval=0, hours=0, testno=0;

  if (allentries)
    pout("SMART Self-test log structure revision number %d\n",(int)data->revnumber);
  if ((data->revnumber!=0x0001) && allentries && con->fixfirmwarebug != FIX_SAMSUNG)
    pout("Warning: ATA Specification requires self-test log structure revision number = 1\n");
  if (data->mostrecenttest==0){
    if (allentries)
      pout("No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]\n\n");
    return 0;
  }

  // print log      
  for (i=20;i>=0;i--){    
    struct ata_smart_selftestlog_struct *log;

    // log is a circular buffer
    j=(i+data->mostrecenttest)%21;
    log=data->selftest_struct+j;

    if (nonempty((unsigned char*)log,sizeof(*log))){
      char *msgtest,*msgstat,percent[64],firstlba[64];
      int errorfound=0;
      
      // count entry based on non-empty structures -- needed for
      // Seagate only -- other vendors don't have blank entries 'in
      // the middle'
      testno++;

      // test name
      switch(log->selftestnumber){
      case   0: msgtest="Offline            "; break;
      case   1: msgtest="Short offline      "; break;
      case   2: msgtest="Extended offline   "; break;
      case   3: msgtest="Conveyance offline "; break;
      case   4: msgtest="Selective offline  "; break;
      case 127: msgtest="Abort offline test "; break;
      case 129: msgtest="Short captive      "; break;
      case 130: msgtest="Extended captive   "; break;
      case 131: msgtest="Conveyance captive "; break;
      case 132: msgtest="Selective captive  "; break;
      default:  
        if ( log->selftestnumber>=192 ||
            (log->selftestnumber>= 64 && log->selftestnumber<=126))
          msgtest="Vendor offline     ";
        else
          msgtest="Reserved offline   ";
      }
      
      // test status
      switch((log->selfteststatus)>>4){
      case  0:msgstat="Completed without error      "; break;
      case  1:msgstat="Aborted by host              "; break;
      case  2:msgstat="Interrupted (host reset)     "; break;
      case  3:msgstat="Fatal or unknown error       "; errorfound=1; break;
      case  4:msgstat="Completed: unknown failure   "; errorfound=1; break;
      case  5:msgstat="Completed: electrical failure"; errorfound=1; break;
      case  6:msgstat="Completed: servo/seek failure"; errorfound=1; break;
      case  7:msgstat="Completed: read failure      "; errorfound=1; break;
      case  8:msgstat="Completed: handling damage?? "; errorfound=1; break;
      case 15:msgstat="Self-test routine in progress"; break;
      default:msgstat="Unknown/reserved test status ";
      }

      retval+=errorfound;
      sprintf(percent,"%1d0%%",(log->selfteststatus)&0xf);

      // T13/1321D revision 1c: (Data structure Rev #1)

      //The failing LBA shall be the LBA of the uncorrectable sector
      //that caused the test to fail. If the device encountered more
      //than one uncorrectable sector during the test, this field
      //shall indicate the LBA of the first uncorrectable sector
      //encountered. If the test passed or the test failed for some
      //reason other than an uncorrectable sector, the value of this
      //field is undefined.

      // This is true in ALL ATA-5 specs
      
      if (!errorfound || log->lbafirstfailure==0xffffffff || log->lbafirstfailure==0x00000000)
        sprintf(firstlba,"%s","-");
      else      
        sprintf(firstlba,"%u",log->lbafirstfailure);

      // print out a header if needed
      if (noheaderprinted && (allentries || errorfound)){
        pout("Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error\n");
        noheaderprinted=0;
      }
      
      // print out an entry, either if we are printing all entries OR
      // if an error was found
      if (allentries || errorfound)
        pout("#%2d  %s %s %s  %8d         %s\n", testno, msgtest, msgstat, percent, (int)log->timestamp, firstlba);

      // keep track of time of most recent error
      if (errorfound && !hours)
        hours=log->timestamp;
    }
  }
  if (!allentries && retval)
    pout("\n");

  hours = hours << 8;
  return (retval | hours);
}

void ataPseudoCheckSmart ( struct ata_smart_values *data, 
                           struct ata_smart_thresholds_pvt *thresholds) {
  int i;
  int failed = 0;
  for (i = 0 ; i < NUMBER_ATA_SMART_ATTRIBUTES ; i++) {
    if (data->vendor_attributes[i].id &&   
        thresholds->thres_entries[i].id &&
        ATTRIBUTE_FLAGS_PREFAILURE(data->vendor_attributes[i].flags) &&
        (data->vendor_attributes[i].current <= thresholds->thres_entries[i].threshold) &&
        (thresholds->thres_entries[i].threshold != 0xFE)){
      pout("Attribute ID %d Failed\n",(int)data->vendor_attributes[i].id);
      failed = 1;
    } 
  }   
  pout("%s\n", ( failed )?
         "SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!\n"
         "Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA":
         "SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED");
}


// Compares failure type to policy in effect, and either exits or
// simply returns to the calling routine.
void failuretest(int type, int returnvalue){

  // If this is an error in an "optional" SMART command
  if (type==OPTIONAL_CMD){
    if (con->conservative){
      pout("An optional SMART command failed: exiting.  Remove '-T conservative' option to continue.\n");
      EXIT(returnvalue);
    }
    return;
  }

  // If this is an error in a "mandatory" SMART command
  if (type==MANDATORY_CMD){
    if (con->permissive--)
      return;
    pout("A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options.\n");
    EXIT(returnvalue);
  }

  pout("Smartctl internal error in failuretest(type=%d). Please contact developers at " PACKAGE_HOMEPAGE "\n",type);
  EXIT(returnvalue|FAILCMD);
}

// Used to warn users about invalid checksums.  Action to be taken may be
// altered by the user.
void checksumwarning(const char *string){
  // user has asked us to ignore checksum errors
  if (con->checksumignore)
        return;

  pout("Warning! %s error: invalid SMART checksum.\n",string);

  // user has asked us to fail on checksum errors
  if (con->checksumfail)
    EXIT(FAILSMART);

  return;
}

// Initialize to zero just in case some SMART routines don't work
struct ata_identify_device drive;
struct ata_smart_values smartval;
struct ata_smart_thresholds_pvt smartthres;
struct ata_smart_errorlog smarterror;
struct ata_smart_selftestlog smartselftest;

int ataPrintMain (int fd){
  int timewait,code;
  int returnval=0, retid=0, supported=0, needupdate=0, known=0;
  const char * powername = 0; char powerchg = 0;

  // If requested, check power mode first
  if (con->powermode) {
    unsigned char powerlimit = 0xff;
    int powermode = ataCheckPowerMode(fd);
    switch (powermode) {
      case -1:
        if (errno == ENOSYS) {
          pout("CHECK POWER STATUS not implemented, ignoring -n Option\n"); break;
        }
        powername = "SLEEP";   powerlimit = 2;
        break;
      case 0:
        powername = "STANDBY"; powerlimit = 3; break;
      case 0x80:
        powername = "IDLE";    powerlimit = 4; break;
      case 0xff:
        powername = "ACTIVE or IDLE"; break;
      default:
        pout("CHECK POWER STATUS returned %d, not ATA compliant, ignoring -n Option\n", powermode);
        break;
    }
    if (powername) {
      if (con->powermode >= powerlimit) {
        pout("Device is in %s mode, exit(%d)\n", powername, FAILPOWER);
        return FAILPOWER;
      }
      powerchg = (powermode != 0xff); // SMART tests will spin up drives
    }
  }

  // Start by getting Drive ID information.  We need this, to know if SMART is supported.
  if ((retid=ataReadHDIdentity(fd,&drive))<0){
    pout("Smartctl: Device Read Identity Failed (not an ATA/ATAPI device)\n\n");
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILID);
  }

  // If requested, show which presets would be used for this drive and exit.
  if (con->showpresets) {
    showpresets(&drive);
    EXIT(0);
  }

  // Use preset vendor attribute options unless user has requested otherwise.
  if (!con->ignorepresets){
    unsigned char *charptr;
    if ((charptr=con->attributedefs))
      applypresets(&drive, &charptr, con);
    else {
      pout("Fatal internal error in ataPrintMain()\n");
      EXIT(returnval|=FAILCMD);
    }
  }

  // Print most drive identity information if requested
  if (con->driveinfo){
    pout("=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===\n");
    known = ataPrintDriveInfo(&drive);
  }

  // Was this a packet device?
  if (retid>0){
    pout("SMART support is: Unavailable - Packet Interface Devices [this device: %s] don't support ATA SMART\n", packetdevicetype(retid-1));
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
  }
  
  // if drive does not supports SMART it's time to exit
  supported=ataSmartSupport(&drive);
  if (supported != 1){
    if (supported==0) {
      pout("SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      pout("                  Checking to be sure by trying SMART ENABLE command.\n");
    }
    else {
      pout("SMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 82-83 don't show if SMART supported.\n");
      if (!known) failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      pout("                  Checking for SMART support by trying SMART ENABLE command.\n");
    }

    if (ataEnableSmart(fd)){
      pout("                  SMART ENABLE failed - this establishes that this device lacks SMART functionality.\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      supported=0;
    }
    else {
      pout("                  SMART ENABLE appeared to work!  Continuing.\n");
      supported=1;
    }
    if (!con->driveinfo) pout("\n");
  }
  
  // Now print remaining drive info: is SMART enabled?    
  if (con->driveinfo){
    int ison=ataIsSmartEnabled(&drive),isenabled=ison;
    
    if (ison==-1) {
      pout("SMART support is: Ambiguous - ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE words 85-87 don't show if SMART is enabled.\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      // check SMART support by trying a command
      pout("                  Checking to be sure by trying SMART RETURN STATUS command.\n");
      isenabled=ataDoesSmartWork(fd);
    }
    else {
      pout("SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.\n");
#ifdef HAVE_ATA_IDENTIFY_IS_CACHED
      if (ata_identify_is_cached(fd)) {
        pout("                  %sabled status cached by OS, trying SMART RETURN STATUS cmd.\n",
                    (isenabled?"En":"Dis"));
        isenabled=ataDoesSmartWork(fd);
      }
#endif
    }

    if (isenabled)
      pout("SMART support is: Enabled\n");
    else {
      if (ison==-1)
        pout("SMART support is: Unavailable\n");
      else
        pout("SMART support is: Disabled\n");
    }
    // Print the (now possibly changed) power mode if available
    if (powername)
      pout("Power mode %s   %s\n", (powerchg?"was:":"is: "), powername);
    pout("\n");
  }
  
  // START OF THE ENABLE/DISABLE SECTION OF THE CODE
  if (con->smartenable || con->smartdisable || 
      con->smartautosaveenable || con->smartautosavedisable || 
      con->smartautoofflineenable || con->smartautoofflinedisable)
    pout("=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===\n");
  
  // Enable/Disable SMART commands
  if (con->smartenable){
    if (ataEnableSmart(fd)) {
      pout("Smartctl: SMART Enable Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Enabled.\n");
  }
  
  // From here on, every command requires that SMART be enabled...
  if (!ataDoesSmartWork(fd)) {
    pout("SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.\n");
    return returnval;
  }
  
  // Turn off SMART on device
  if (con->smartdisable){    
    if (ataDisableSmart(fd)) {
      pout( "Smartctl: SMART Disable Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD,returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    pout("SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.\n");
    return returnval;           
  }
  
  // Let's ALWAYS issue this command to get the SMART status
  code=ataSmartStatus2(fd);
  if (code==-1)
    failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);

  // Enable/Disable Auto-save attributes
  if (con->smartautosaveenable){
    if (ataEnableAutoSave(fd)){
      pout( "Smartctl: SMART Enable Attribute Autosave Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Attribute Autosave Enabled.\n");
  }
  if (con->smartautosavedisable){
    if (ataDisableAutoSave(fd)){
      pout( "Smartctl: SMART Disable Attribute Autosave Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Attribute Autosave Disabled.\n");
  }
  
  // for everything else read values and thresholds are needed
  if (ataReadSmartValues(fd, &smartval)){
    pout("Smartctl: SMART Read Values failed.\n\n");
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
  }
  if (ataReadSmartThresholds(fd, &smartthres)){
    pout("Smartctl: SMART Read Thresholds failed.\n\n");
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
  }

  // Enable/Disable Off-line testing
  if (con->smartautoofflineenable){
    if (!isSupportAutomaticTimer(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support SMART Automatic Timers.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    needupdate=1;
    if (ataEnableAutoOffline(fd)){
      pout( "Smartctl: SMART Enable Automatic Offline Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Automatic Offline Testing Enabled every four hours.\n");
  }
  if (con->smartautoofflinedisable){
    if (!isSupportAutomaticTimer(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support SMART Automatic Timers.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    needupdate=1;
    if (ataDisableAutoOffline(fd)){
      pout("Smartctl: SMART Disable Automatic Offline Failed.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else
      pout("SMART Automatic Offline Testing Disabled.\n");
  }

  if (needupdate && ataReadSmartValues(fd, &smartval)){
    pout("Smartctl: SMART Read Values failed.\n\n");
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
  }

  // all this for a newline!
  if (con->smartenable || con->smartdisable || 
      con->smartautosaveenable || con->smartautosavedisable || 
      con->smartautoofflineenable || con->smartautoofflinedisable)
    pout("\n");

  // START OF READ-ONLY OPTIONS APART FROM -V and -i
  if (con->checksmart || con->generalsmartvalues || con->smartvendorattrib || con->smarterrorlog || con->smartselftestlog)
    pout("=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===\n");
  
  // Check SMART status (use previously returned value)
  if (con->checksmart){
    switch (code) {

    case 0:
      // The case where the disk health is OK
      pout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED\n");
      if (ataCheckSmart(&smartval, &smartthres,0)){
        if (con->smartvendorattrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.\n\n");
        else {
          PRINT_ON(con);
          pout("Please note the following marginal Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres,2);
        } 
        returnval|=FAILAGE;
      }
      else
        pout("\n");
      break;
      
    case 1:
      // The case where the disk health is NOT OK
      PRINT_ON(con);
      pout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!\n"
           "Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.\n");
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      if (ataCheckSmart(&smartval, &smartthres,1)){
        returnval|=FAILATTR;
        if (con->smartvendorattrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.\n\n");
        else {
          PRINT_ON(con);
          pout("Failed Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres,1);
        }
      }
      else
        pout("No failed Attributes found.\n\n");   
      returnval|=FAILSTATUS;
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      break;

    case -1:
    default:
      // The case where something went wrong with HDIO_DRIVE_TASK ioctl()
      if (ataCheckSmart(&smartval, &smartthres,1)){
        PRINT_ON(con);
        pout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!\n"
             "Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.\n");
        PRINT_OFF(con);
        returnval|=FAILATTR;
        returnval|=FAILSTATUS;
        if (con->smartvendorattrib)
          pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.\n\n");
        else {
          PRINT_ON(con);
          pout("Failed Attributes:\n");
          PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres,1);
        }
      }
      else {
        pout("SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED\n");
        if (ataCheckSmart(&smartval, &smartthres,0)){
          if (con->smartvendorattrib)
            pout("See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.\n\n");
          else {
            PRINT_ON(con);
            pout("Please note the following marginal Attributes:\n");
            PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres,2);
          } 
          returnval|=FAILAGE;
        }
        else
          pout("\n");
      } 
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      break;
    } // end of switch statement
    
    PRINT_OFF(con);
  } // end of checking SMART Status
  
  // Print general SMART values
  if (con->generalsmartvalues)
    ataPrintGeneralSmartValues(&smartval, &drive); 

  // Print vendor-specific attributes
  if (con->smartvendorattrib){
    PRINT_ON(con);
    PrintSmartAttribWithThres(&smartval, &smartthres,con->printing_switchable?2:0);
    PRINT_OFF(con);
  }

  // Print SMART log Directory
  if (con->smartlogdirectory){
    struct ata_smart_log_directory smartlogdirectory;
    if (!isGeneralPurposeLoggingCapable(&drive)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support General Purpose Logging\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else {
      PRINT_ON(con);
      pout("Log Directory Supported\n");
      if (ataReadLogDirectory(fd, &smartlogdirectory)){
        PRINT_OFF(con);
        pout("Read Log Directory failed.\n\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      }
      else
        ataPrintLogDirectory( &smartlogdirectory);
    }
    PRINT_OFF(con);
  }
  
  // Print SMART error log
  if (con->smarterrorlog){
    if (!isSmartErrorLogCapable(&smartval, &drive)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Error Logging\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    if (ataReadErrorLog(fd, &smarterror)){
      pout("Smartctl: SMART Error Log Read Failed\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else {
      // quiet mode is turned on inside ataPrintSmartErrorLog()
      if (ataPrintSmartErrorlog(&smarterror))
        returnval|=FAILERR;
      PRINT_OFF(con);
    }
  }
  
  // Print SMART self-test log
  if (con->smartselftestlog){
    if (!isSmartTestLogCapable(&smartval, &drive)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Self Test Logging\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }    
    if(ataReadSelfTestLog(fd, &smartselftest)){
      pout("Smartctl: SMART Self Test Log Read Failed\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else {
      PRINT_ON(con);
      if (ataPrintSmartSelfTestlog(&smartselftest,!con->printing_switchable))
        returnval|=FAILLOG;
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      pout("\n");
    }
  }

  // Print SMART selective self-test log
  if (con->selectivetestlog){
    struct ata_selective_self_test_log log;
    
    if (!isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(&smartval))
      pout("Device does not support Selective Self Tests/Logging\n");
    else if(ataReadSelectiveSelfTestLog(fd, &log)) {
      pout("Smartctl: SMART Selective Self Test Log Read Failed\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    else {
      PRINT_ON(con);
      ataPrintSelectiveSelfTestLog(&log, &smartval);
      PRINT_OFF(con);
      pout("\n");
    }
  }

  // START OF THE TESTING SECTION OF THE CODE.  IF NO TESTING, RETURN
  if (con->testcase==-1)
    return returnval;
  
  pout("=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===\n");
  // if doing a self-test, be sure it's supported by the hardware
  switch (con->testcase){
  case OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN:
    if (!isSupportExecuteOfflineImmediate(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Execute Offline Immediate function.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case ABORT_SELF_TEST:
  case SHORT_SELF_TEST:
  case EXTEND_SELF_TEST:
  case SHORT_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
  case EXTEND_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportSelfTest(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Self-Test functions.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case CONVEYANCE_SELF_TEST:
  case CONVEYANCE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportConveyanceSelfTest(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Conveyance Self-Test functions.\n\n");
      failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  case SELECTIVE_SELF_TEST:
  case SELECTIVE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST:
    if (!isSupportSelectiveSelfTest(&smartval)){
      pout("Warning: device does not support Selective Self-Test functions.\n\n");
      failuretest(MANDATORY_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
    }
    break;
  default:
    pout("Internal error in smartctl: con->testcase==%d not recognized\n", (int)con->testcase);
    pout("Please contact smartmontools developers at %s.\n", PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
    EXIT(returnval|=FAILCMD);
  }

  // Now do the test.  Note ataSmartTest prints its own error/success
  // messages
  if (ataSmartTest(fd, con->testcase, &smartval))
    failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
  else {  
    // Tell user how long test will take to complete.  This is tricky
    // because in the case of an Offline Full Scan, the completion
    // timer is volatile, and needs to be read AFTER the command is
    // given. If this will interrupt the Offline Full Scan, we don't
    // do it, just warn user.
    if (con->testcase==OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN){
      if (isSupportOfflineAbort(&smartval))
        pout("Note: giving further SMART commands will abort Offline testing\n");
      else if (ataReadSmartValues(fd, &smartval)){
        pout("Smartctl: SMART Read Values failed.\n");
        failuretest(OPTIONAL_CMD, returnval|=FAILSMART);
      }
    }
    
    // Now say how long the test will take to complete
    if ((timewait=TestTime(&smartval,con->testcase))){ 
      time_t t=time(NULL);
      if (con->testcase==OFFLINE_FULL_SCAN) {
        t+=timewait;
        pout("Please wait %d seconds for test to complete.\n", (int)timewait);
      } else {
        t+=timewait*60;
        pout("Please wait %d minutes for test to complete.\n", (int)timewait);
      }
      pout("Test will complete after %s\n", ctime(&t));
      
      if (con->testcase!=SHORT_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && 
          con->testcase!=EXTEND_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && 
          con->testcase!=CONVEYANCE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST && 
          con->testcase!=SELECTIVE_CAPTIVE_SELF_TEST)
        pout("Use smartctl -X to abort test.\n"); 
    }
  }

  return returnval;
}