Merge branch 'upstream'

[mirror_smartmontools-debian.git] / os_linux.cpp

/* 
 *  os_linux.c
 * 
 * Home page of code is: http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2003-6 Bruce Allen <smartmontools-support@lists.sourceforge.net>
 * Copyright (C) 2003-6 Doug Gilbert <dougg@torque.net>
 *
 *  Parts of this file are derived from code that was
 *
 *  Written By: Adam Radford <linux@3ware.com>
 *  Modifications By: Joel Jacobson <linux@3ware.com>
 *                   Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@conectiva.com.br>
 *                    Brad Strand <linux@3ware.com>
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1999-2003 3ware Inc.
 *
 *  Kernel compatablity By:     Andre Hedrick <andre@suse.com>
 *  Non-Copyright (C) 2000      Andre Hedrick <andre@suse.com>
 *
 * Other ars of this file are derived from code that was
 * 
 * Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Michael Cornwell <cornwell@acm.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2000 Andre Hedrick <andre@linux-ide.org>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * (for example COPYING); if not, write to the Free
 * Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 * This code was originally developed as a Senior Thesis by Michael Cornwell
 * at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory (now part of the Storage Systems
 * Research Center), Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of
 * California, Santa Cruz. http://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/
 * 
 */

// This file contains the linux-specific IOCTL parts of
// smartmontools. It includes one interface routine for ATA devices,
// one for SCSI devices, and one for ATA devices behind escalade
// controllers.

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <glob.h>

#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_COMPILER_H
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#endif

#include <scsi/scsi_ioctl.h>
#include <scsi/sg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifndef makedev // old versions of types.h do not include sysmacros.h
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#endif

#include "config.h"
#include "int64.h"
#include "atacmds.h"
#include "extern.h"
extern smartmonctrl * con;
#include "os_linux.h"
#include "scsicmds.h"
#include "utility.h"
#include "extern.h"

#include <linux/cciss_ioctl.h>


#ifndef ENOTSUP
#define ENOTSUP ENOSYS
#endif
typedef unsigned long long u8;


#define ARGUSED(x) ((void)(x))

static const char *filenameandversion="$Id: os_linux.cpp,v 1.88 2006/10/25 17:01:42 ballen4705 Exp $";

const char *os_XXXX_c_cvsid="$Id: os_linux.cpp,v 1.88 2006/10/25 17:01:42 ballen4705 Exp $" \
ATACMDS_H_CVSID CONFIG_H_CVSID INT64_H_CVSID OS_LINUX_H_CVSID SCSICMDS_H_CVSID UTILITY_H_CVSID;

// to hold onto exit code for atexit routine
extern int exitstatus;

// global variable holding byte count of allocated memory
extern long long bytes;

/* for passing global control variables */
extern smartmonctrl *con;

static int cciss_io_interface(int device, int target,
                              struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report);

typedef struct _ReportLUNdata_struct
{
  BYTE LUNListLength[4];
  DWORD reserved;
  BYTE LUN[CISS_MAX_LUN][8];
} ReportLunData_struct;

/* Structure/defines of Report Physical LUNS of drive */
#define CISS_MAX_LUN        16
#define CISS_MAX_PHYS_LUN   1024
#define CISS_REPORT_PHYS    0xc3


/* This function will setup and fix device nodes for a 3ware controller. */
#define MAJOR_STRING_LENGTH 3
#define DEVICE_STRING_LENGTH 32
#define NODE_STRING_LENGTH 16
int setup_3ware_nodes(char *nodename, char *driver_name) {
  int              tw_major      = 0;
  int              index         = 0;
  char             majorstring[MAJOR_STRING_LENGTH+1];
  char             device_name[DEVICE_STRING_LENGTH+1];
  char             nodestring[NODE_STRING_LENGTH];
  struct stat      stat_buf;
  FILE             *file;
  
  /* First try to open up /proc/devices */
  if (!(file = fopen("/proc/devices", "r"))) {
    pout("Error opening /proc/devices to check/create 3ware device nodes\n");
    syserror("fopen");
    return 0;  // don't fail here: user might not have /proc !
  }
  
  /* Attempt to get device major number */
  while (EOF != fscanf(file, "%3s %32s", majorstring, device_name)) {
    majorstring[MAJOR_STRING_LENGTH]='\0';
    device_name[DEVICE_STRING_LENGTH]='\0';
    if (!strncmp(device_name, nodename, DEVICE_STRING_LENGTH)) {
      tw_major = atoi(majorstring);
      break;
    }
  }
  fclose(file);
  
  /* See if we found a major device number */
  if (!tw_major) {
    pout("No major number for /dev/%s listed in /proc/devices. Is the %s driver loaded?\n", nodename, driver_name);
    return 2;
  }
  
  /* Now check if nodes are correct */
  for (index=0; index<16; index++) {
    sprintf(nodestring, "/dev/%s%d", nodename, index);
          
    /* Try to stat the node */
    if ((stat(nodestring, &stat_buf))) {
      /* Create a new node if it doesn't exist */
      if (mknod(nodestring, S_IFCHR|0600, makedev(tw_major, index))) {
        pout("problem creating 3ware device nodes %s", nodestring);
        syserror("mknod");
        return 3;
      }
    }
    
    /* See if nodes major and minor numbers are correct */
    if ((tw_major != (int)(major(stat_buf.st_rdev))) ||
        (index    != (int)(minor(stat_buf.st_rdev))) ||
        (!S_ISCHR(stat_buf.st_mode))) {
      
      /* Delete the old node */
      if (unlink(nodestring)) {
        pout("problem unlinking stale 3ware device node %s", nodestring);
        syserror("unlink");
        return 4;
      }
      
      /* Make a new node */
      if (mknod(nodestring, S_IFCHR|0600, makedev(tw_major, index))) {
        pout("problem creating 3ware device nodes %s", nodestring);
        syserror("mknod");
        return 5;
      }
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

// equivalent to open(path, flags)
int deviceopen(const char *pathname, char *type){
  if (!strcmp(type,"SCSI")) {
    int fd = open(pathname, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK);
    if (fd < 0 && errno == EROFS)
      fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
    return fd;
  }
  else if (!strcmp(type,"ATA")) 
    return open(pathname, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
  else if (!strcmp(type,"ATA_3WARE_9000")) {
    // the device nodes for this controller are dynamically assigned,
    // so we need to check that they exist with the correct major
    // numbers and if not, create them
    if (setup_3ware_nodes("twa", "3w-9xxx")) {
      if (!errno)
        errno=ENXIO;
      return -1;
    }
    return open(pathname, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
  }
  else if (!strcmp(type,"ATA_3WARE_678K")) {
    // the device nodes for this controller are dynamically assigned,
    // so we need to check that they exist with the correct major
    // numbers and if not, create them
    if (setup_3ware_nodes("twe", "3w-xxxx")) {
      if (!errno)
        errno=ENXIO;
      return -1;
    }
    return open(pathname, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
  }
  else if(!strcmp(type, "CCISS")) {
    // the device is a cciss smart array device.
    return open(pathname, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK);
  }
  else
    return -1;

}

// equivalent to close(file descriptor)
int deviceclose(int fd){
  return close(fd);
}

// print examples for smartctl
void print_smartctl_examples(){
  printf("=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====\n\n");
#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
  printf(
         "  smartctl --all /dev/hda                    (Prints all SMART information)\n\n"
         "  smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/hda\n"
         "                                              (Enables SMART on first disk)\n\n"
         "  smartctl --test=long /dev/hda          (Executes extended disk self-test)\n\n"
         "  smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/hda\n"
         "                                      (Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)\n"
         "  smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda\n"
         "  smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0\n"
         "  smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0\n"
         "          (Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)\n"
         "  smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda\n"
         "          (Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort\n"
         "           of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)\n"
         );
#else
  printf(
         "  smartctl -a /dev/hda                       (Prints all SMART information)\n"
         "  smartctl -s on -o on -S on /dev/hda         (Enables SMART on first disk)\n"
         "  smartctl -t long /dev/hda              (Executes extended disk self-test)\n"
         "  smartctl -A -l selftest -q errorsonly /dev/hda\n"
         "                                      (Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)\n"
         "  smartctl -a -d 3ware,2 /dev/sda\n"
         "  smartctl -a -d 3ware,2 /dev/twa0\n"
         "  smartctl -a -d 3ware,2 /dev/twe0\n"
         "          (Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)\n"
         "  smartctl -a -d hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda\n"
         "          (Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort\n"
         "           of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)\n"
         );
#endif
  return;
}


// we are going to take advantage of the fact that Linux's devfs will only
// have device entries for devices that exist.  So if we get the equivalent of
// ls /dev/hd[a-t], we have all the ATA devices on the system
//
// If any errors occur, leave errno set as it was returned by the
// system call, and return <0.
int get_dev_names(char*** names, const char* pattern, const char* name, int max) {
  int n = 0, retglob, i, lim;
  char** mp;
  glob_t globbuf;
  
  memset(&globbuf, 0, sizeof(globbuf));

  // in case of non-clean exit
  *names=NULL;
  
  // Use glob to look for any directory entries matching the pattern
  if ((retglob=glob(pattern, GLOB_ERR, NULL, &globbuf))) {
    
    //  glob failed: free memory and return
    globfree(&globbuf);
    
    if (retglob==GLOB_NOMATCH){
      pout("glob(3) found no matches for pattern %s\n", pattern);
      return 0;
    }
    
    if (retglob==GLOB_NOSPACE)
      pout("glob(3) ran out of memory matching pattern %s\n", pattern);
#ifdef GLOB_ABORTED // missing in old versions of glob.h
    else if (retglob==GLOB_ABORTED)
      pout("glob(3) aborted matching pattern %s\n", pattern);
#endif
    else
      pout("Unexplained error in glob(3) of pattern %s\n", pattern);
    
    return -1;
  }

  // did we find too many paths?
  lim = ((int)globbuf.gl_pathc < max) ? (int)globbuf.gl_pathc : max;
  if (lim < (int)globbuf.gl_pathc)
    pout("glob(3) found %d > MAX=%d devices matching pattern %s: ignoring %d paths\n", 
         (int)globbuf.gl_pathc, max, pattern, (int)(globbuf.gl_pathc-max));
  
  // allocate space for up to lim number of ATA devices
  if (!(mp =  (char **)calloc(lim, sizeof(char*)))){
    pout("Out of memory constructing scan device list\n");
    return -1;
  }
  
  // now step through the list returned by glob.  If not a link, copy
  // to list.  If it is a link, evaluate it and see if the path ends
  // in "disc".
  for (i=0; i<lim; i++){
    int retlink;
    
    // prepare a buffer for storing the link
    char linkbuf[1024];
    
    // see if path is a link
    retlink=readlink(globbuf.gl_pathv[i], linkbuf, 1023);
    
    // if not a link (or a strange link), keep it
    if (retlink<=0 || retlink>1023)
      mp[n++] = CustomStrDup(globbuf.gl_pathv[i], 1, __LINE__, filenameandversion);
    else {
      // or if it's a link that points to a disc, follow it
      char *p;
      linkbuf[retlink]='\0';
      if ((p=strrchr(linkbuf,'/')) && !strcmp(p+1, "disc"))
        // This is the branch of the code that gets followed if we are
        // using devfs WITH traditional compatibility links. In this
        // case, we add the traditional device name to the list that
        // is returned.
        mp[n++] = CustomStrDup(globbuf.gl_pathv[i], 1, __LINE__, filenameandversion);
      else {
        // This is the branch of the code that gets followed if we are
        // using devfs WITHOUT traditional compatibility links.  In
        // this case, we check that the link to the directory is of
        // the correct type, and then append "disc" to it.
        char tmpname[1024]={0};
        const char * type = (strcmp(name,"ATA") ? "scsi" : "ide");
        if (strstr(linkbuf, type)){
          snprintf(tmpname, 1024, "%s/disc", globbuf.gl_pathv[i]);
          mp[n++] = CustomStrDup(tmpname, 1, __LINE__, filenameandversion);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  
  // free memory, track memory usage
  globfree(&globbuf);
  mp = static_cast<char **>(realloc(mp,n*(sizeof(char*))));
  bytes += n*(sizeof(char*));
  
  // and set up return values
  *names=mp;
  return n;
}

// makes a list of device names to scan, for either ATA or SCSI
// devices.  Return -1 if no memory remaining, else the number of
// devices on the list, which can be >=0.
int make_device_names (char*** devlist, const char* name) {
  int retval, maxdev;
  
#if 0
  // for testing case where no device names are found
  return 0;
#endif
  
  if (!strcmp(name,"SCSI"))
    retval=get_dev_names(devlist,"/dev/sd[a-z]", name, maxdev=26);
  else if (!strcmp(name,"ATA"))
    retval=get_dev_names(devlist,"/dev/hd[a-t]", name, maxdev=20);
  else
    // don't recognize disk type!
    return 0;

  // if we found traditional links, we are done
  if (retval>0)
    return retval;
  
  // else look for devfs entries without traditional links
  return get_dev_names(devlist,"/dev/discs/disc*", name, maxdev);
}


// PURPOSE
//   This is an interface routine meant to isolate the OS dependent
//   parts of the code, and to provide a debugging interface.  Each
//   different port and OS needs to provide it's own interface.  This
//   is the linux one.
// DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ARGUMENTS
//   device: is the file descriptor provided by open()
//   command: defines the different operations.
//   select: additional input data if needed (which log, which type of
//           self-test).
//   data:   location to write output data, if needed (512 bytes).
//   Note: not all commands use all arguments.
// RETURN VALUES
//  -1 if the command failed
//   0 if the command succeeded,
//   STATUS_CHECK routine: 
//  -1 if the command failed
//   0 if the command succeeded and disk SMART status is "OK"
//   1 if the command succeeded and disk SMART status is "FAILING"


// huge value of buffer size needed because HDIO_DRIVE_CMD assumes
// that buff[3] is the data size.  Since the ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE and
// ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE use values of 0xf1 and 0xf8 we need the space.
// Otherwise a 4+512 byte buffer would be enough.
#define STRANGE_BUFFER_LENGTH (4+512*0xf8)

int ata_command_interface(int device, smart_command_set command, int select, char *data){
  unsigned char buff[STRANGE_BUFFER_LENGTH];
  // positive: bytes to write to caller.  negative: bytes to READ from
  // caller. zero: non-data command
  int copydata=0;

  const int HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET = 4;

  // See struct hd_drive_cmd_hdr in hdreg.h.  Before calling ioctl()
  // buff[0]: ATA COMMAND CODE REGISTER
  // buff[1]: ATA SECTOR NUMBER REGISTER == LBA LOW REGISTER
  // buff[2]: ATA FEATURES REGISTER
  // buff[3]: ATA SECTOR COUNT REGISTER

  // Note that on return:
  // buff[2] contains the ATA SECTOR COUNT REGISTER
  
  // clear out buff.  Large enough for HDIO_DRIVE_CMD (4+512 bytes)
  memset(buff, 0, STRANGE_BUFFER_LENGTH);

  buff[0]=ATA_SMART_CMD;
  switch (command){
  case CHECK_POWER_MODE:
    buff[0]=ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE;
    copydata=1;
    break;
  case READ_VALUES:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case READ_THRESHOLDS:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_THRESHOLDS;
    buff[1]=buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case READ_LOG:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_LOG_SECTOR;
    buff[1]=select;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case WRITE_LOG:
    break;
  case IDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case PIDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case ENABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_ENABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case DISABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_DISABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case STATUS:
    // this command only says if SMART is working.  It could be
    // replaced with STATUS_CHECK below.
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  case AUTO_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE;
    buff[3]=select;   // YET NOTE - THIS IS A NON-DATA COMMAND!!
    break;
  case AUTOSAVE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE;
    buff[3]=select;   // YET NOTE - THIS IS A NON-DATA COMMAND!!
    break;
  case IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE;
    buff[1]=select;
    break;
  case STATUS_CHECK:
    // This command uses HDIO_DRIVE_TASK and has different syntax than
    // the other commands.
    buff[1]=ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  default:
    pout("Unrecognized command %d in linux_ata_command_interface()\n"
         "Please contact " PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "\n", command);
    errno=ENOSYS;
    return -1;
  }
  
  // This command uses the HDIO_DRIVE_TASKFILE ioctl(). This is the
  // only ioctl() that can be used to WRITE data to the disk.
  if (command==WRITE_LOG) {    
    unsigned char task[sizeof(ide_task_request_t)+512];
    ide_task_request_t *reqtask=(ide_task_request_t *) task;
    task_struct_t      *taskfile=(task_struct_t *) reqtask->io_ports;
    int retval;

    memset(task,      0, sizeof(task));
    
    taskfile->data           = 0;
    taskfile->feature        = ATA_SMART_WRITE_LOG_SECTOR;
    taskfile->sector_count   = 1;
    taskfile->sector_number  = select;
    taskfile->low_cylinder   = 0x4f;
    taskfile->high_cylinder  = 0xc2;
    taskfile->device_head    = 0;
    taskfile->command        = ATA_SMART_CMD;
    
    reqtask->data_phase      = TASKFILE_OUT;
    reqtask->req_cmd         = IDE_DRIVE_TASK_OUT;
    reqtask->out_size        = 512;
    reqtask->in_size         = 0;
    
    // copy user data into the task request structure
    memcpy(task+sizeof(ide_task_request_t), data, 512);
      
    if ((retval=ioctl(device, HDIO_DRIVE_TASKFILE, task))) {
      if (retval==-EINVAL)
        pout("Kernel lacks HDIO_DRIVE_TASKFILE support; compile kernel with CONFIG_IDE_TASKFILE_IO set\n");
      return -1;
    }
    return 0;
  }
    
  // There are two different types of ioctls().  The HDIO_DRIVE_TASK
  // one is this:
  if (command==STATUS_CHECK){
    int retval;

    // NOT DOCUMENTED in /usr/src/linux/include/linux/hdreg.h. You
    // have to read the IDE driver source code.  Sigh.
    // buff[0]: ATA COMMAND CODE REGISTER
    // buff[1]: ATA FEATURES REGISTER
    // buff[2]: ATA SECTOR_COUNT
    // buff[3]: ATA SECTOR NUMBER
    // buff[4]: ATA CYL LO REGISTER
    // buff[5]: ATA CYL HI REGISTER
    // buff[6]: ATA DEVICE HEAD

    unsigned const char normal_lo=0x4f, normal_hi=0xc2;
    unsigned const char failed_lo=0xf4, failed_hi=0x2c;
    buff[4]=normal_lo;
    buff[5]=normal_hi;
    
    if ((retval=ioctl(device, HDIO_DRIVE_TASK, buff))) {
      if (retval==-EINVAL) {
        pout("Error SMART Status command via HDIO_DRIVE_TASK failed");
        pout("Rebuild older linux 2.2 kernels with HDIO_DRIVE_TASK support added\n");
      }
      else
        syserror("Error SMART Status command failed");
      return -1;
    }
    
    // Cyl low and Cyl high unchanged means "Good SMART status"
    if (buff[4]==normal_lo && buff[5]==normal_hi)
      return 0;
    
    // These values mean "Bad SMART status"
    if (buff[4]==failed_lo && buff[5]==failed_hi)
      return 1;
    
    // We haven't gotten output that makes sense; print out some debugging info
    syserror("Error SMART Status command failed");
    pout("Please get assistance from " PACKAGE_HOMEPAGE "\n");
    pout("Register values returned from SMART Status command are:\n");
    pout("CMD=0x%02x\n",(int)buff[0]);
    pout("FR =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[1]);
    pout("NS =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[2]);
    pout("SC =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[3]);
    pout("CL =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[4]);
    pout("CH =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[5]);
    pout("SEL=0x%02x\n",(int)buff[6]);
    return -1;   
  }
  
#if 1
  // Note to people doing ports to other OSes -- don't worry about
  // this block -- you can safely ignore it.  I have put it here
  // because under linux when you do IDENTIFY DEVICE to a packet
  // device, it generates an ugly kernel syslog error message.  This
  // is harmless but frightens users.  So this block detects packet
  // devices and make IDENTIFY DEVICE fail "nicely" without a syslog
  // error message.
  //
  // If you read only the ATA specs, it appears as if a packet device
  // *might* respond to the IDENTIFY DEVICE command.  This is
  // misleading - it's because around the time that SFF-8020 was
  // incorporated into the ATA-3/4 standard, the ATA authors were
  // sloppy. See SFF-8020 and you will see that ATAPI devices have
  // *always* had IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE as a mandatory part of their
  // command set, and return 'Command Aborted' to IDENTIFY DEVICE.
  if (command==IDENTIFY || command==PIDENTIFY){
    unsigned short deviceid[256];
    // check the device identity, as seen when the system was booted
    // or the device was FIRST registered.  This will not be current
    // if the user has subsequently changed some of the parameters. If
    // device is a packet device, swap the command interpretations.
    if (!ioctl(device, HDIO_GET_IDENTITY, deviceid) && (deviceid[0] & 0x8000))
      buff[0]=(command==IDENTIFY)?ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE:ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
  }
#endif
  
  // We are now doing the HDIO_DRIVE_CMD type ioctl.
  if ((ioctl(device, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, buff)))
    return -1;

  // CHECK POWER MODE command returns information in the Sector Count
  // register (buff[3]).  Copy to return data buffer.
  if (command==CHECK_POWER_MODE)
    buff[HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET]=buff[2];

  // if the command returns data then copy it back
  if (copydata)
    memcpy(data, buff+HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET, copydata);
  
  return 0; 
}

// CCISS Smart Array Controller
static int cciss_sendpassthru(unsigned int cmdtype, unsigned char *CDB,
                        unsigned int CDBlen, char *buff,
                        unsigned int size, unsigned int LunID,
                        unsigned char *scsi3addr, int fd)
{
    int err ;
    IOCTL_Command_struct iocommand;

    memset(&iocommand, 0, sizeof(iocommand));

    if (cmdtype == 0) 
    {
        // To controller; nothing to do
    }
    else if (cmdtype == 1) 
    {
        iocommand.LUN_info.LogDev.VolId = LunID;
        iocommand.LUN_info.LogDev.Mode = 1;
    }
    else if (cmdtype == 2) 
    {
        memcpy(&iocommand.LUN_info.LunAddrBytes,scsi3addr,8);
        iocommand.LUN_info.LogDev.Mode = 0;
    }
    else 
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "cciss_sendpassthru: bad cmdtype\n");
        return 1;
    }

    memcpy(&iocommand.Request.CDB[0], CDB, CDBlen);
    iocommand.Request.CDBLen = CDBlen;
    iocommand.Request.Type.Type = TYPE_CMD;
    iocommand.Request.Type.Attribute = ATTR_SIMPLE;
    iocommand.Request.Type.Direction = XFER_READ;
    iocommand.Request.Timeout = 0;

    iocommand.buf_size = size;
    iocommand.buf = (unsigned char *)buff;

    if ((err = ioctl(fd, CCISS_PASSTHRU, &iocommand))) 
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "CCISS ioctl error %d\n", err);
    }
    return err;
}

static int cciss_getlun(int device, int target, unsigned char *physlun)
{
    unsigned char CDB[16]= {0};
    ReportLunData_struct *luns;
    int reportlunsize = sizeof(*luns) + CISS_MAX_PHYS_LUN * 8;
    int i;
    int ret;

    luns = (ReportLunData_struct *)malloc(reportlunsize);

    memset(luns, 0, reportlunsize);

    /* Get Physical LUN Info (for physical device) */
    CDB[0] = CISS_REPORT_PHYS;
    CDB[6] = (reportlunsize >> 24) & 0xFF;  /* MSB */
    CDB[7] = (reportlunsize >> 16) & 0xFF;
    CDB[8] = (reportlunsize >> 8) & 0xFF;
    CDB[9] = reportlunsize & 0xFF;

    if ((ret = cciss_sendpassthru(0, CDB, 12, (char *)luns, reportlunsize, 0, NULL, device)))
    {
        free(luns);
        return ret;
    }

    for (i=0; i<CISS_MAX_LUN+1; i++) 
    {
        if (luns->LUN[i][6] == target) 
        {
            memcpy(physlun, luns->LUN[i], 8);
            free(luns);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    free(luns);
    return ret;
}
// end CCISS Smart Array Controller

// >>>>>> Start of general SCSI specific linux code

/* Linux specific code.
 * Historically smartmontools (and smartsuite before it) used the
 * SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl which is available to all linux device
 * nodes that use the SCSI subsystem. A better interface has been available
 * via the SCSI generic (sg) driver but this involves the extra step of
 * mapping disk devices (e.g. /dev/sda) to the corresponding sg device
 * (e.g. /dev/sg2). In the linux kernel 2.6 series most of the facilities of
 * the sg driver have become available via the SG_IO ioctl which is available
 * on all SCSI devices (on SCSI tape devices from lk 2.6.6).
 * So the strategy below is to find out if the SG_IO ioctl is available and
 * if so use it; failing that use the older SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl.
 * Should work in 2.0, 2.2, 2.4 and 2.6 series linux kernels. */

#define MAX_DXFER_LEN 1024      /* can be increased if necessary */
#define SEND_IOCTL_RESP_SENSE_LEN 16    /* ioctl limitation */
#define SG_IO_RESP_SENSE_LEN 64 /* large enough see buffer */
#define LSCSI_DRIVER_MASK  0xf /* mask out "suggestions" */
#define LSCSI_DRIVER_SENSE  0x8 /* alternate CHECK CONDITION indication */
#define LSCSI_DRIVER_TIMEOUT  0x6
#define LSCSI_DID_TIME_OUT  0x3
#define LSCSI_DID_BUS_BUSY  0x2
#define LSCSI_DID_NO_CONNECT  0x1

#ifndef SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND
#define SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND 1
#endif

#define SG_IO_PRESENT_UNKNOWN 0
#define SG_IO_PRESENT_YES 1
#define SG_IO_PRESENT_NO 2

static int sg_io_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report,
                         int unknown);
static int sisc_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report);

static int sg_io_state = SG_IO_PRESENT_UNKNOWN;

/* Preferred implementation for issuing SCSI commands in linux. This
 * function uses the SG_IO ioctl. Return 0 if command issued successfully
 * (various status values should still be checked). If the SCSI command
 * cannot be issued then a negative errno value is returned. */
static int sg_io_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report,
                         int unknown)
{
#ifndef SG_IO
    ARGUSED(dev_fd); ARGUSED(iop); ARGUSED(report);
    return -ENOTTY;
#else
    struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr;

    if (report > 0) {
        int k, j;
        const unsigned char * ucp = iop->cmnd;
        const char * np;
        char buff[256];
        const int sz = (int)sizeof(buff);

        np = scsi_get_opcode_name(ucp[0]);
        j = snprintf(buff, sz, " [%s: ", np ? np : "<unknown opcode>");
        for (k = 0; k < (int)iop->cmnd_len; ++k)
            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "%02x ", ucp[k]);
        if ((report > 1) && 
            (DXFER_TO_DEVICE == iop->dxfer_dir) && (iop->dxferp)) {
            int trunc = (iop->dxfer_len > 256) ? 1 : 0;

            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "]\n  Outgoing "
                          "data, len=%d%s:\n", (int)iop->dxfer_len,
                          (trunc ? " [only first 256 bytes shown]" : ""));
            dStrHex((const char *)iop->dxferp, 
                    (trunc ? 256 : iop->dxfer_len) , 1);
        }
        else
            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "]\n");
        pout(buff);
    }
    memset(&io_hdr, 0, sizeof(struct sg_io_hdr));
    io_hdr.interface_id = 'S';
    io_hdr.cmd_len = iop->cmnd_len;
    io_hdr.mx_sb_len = iop->max_sense_len;
    io_hdr.dxfer_len = iop->dxfer_len;
    io_hdr.dxferp = iop->dxferp;
    io_hdr.cmdp = iop->cmnd;
    io_hdr.sbp = iop->sensep;
    /* sg_io_hdr interface timeout has millisecond units. Timeout of 0
       defaults to 60 seconds. */
    io_hdr.timeout = ((0 == iop->timeout) ? 60 : iop->timeout) * 1000;
    switch (iop->dxfer_dir) {
        case DXFER_NONE:
            io_hdr.dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_NONE;
            break;
        case DXFER_FROM_DEVICE:
            io_hdr.dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV;
            break;
        case DXFER_TO_DEVICE:
            io_hdr.dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_TO_DEV;
            break;
        default:
            pout("do_scsi_cmnd_io: bad dxfer_dir\n");
            return -EINVAL;
    }
    iop->resp_sense_len = 0;
    iop->scsi_status = 0;
    iop->resid = 0;
    if (ioctl(dev_fd, SG_IO, &io_hdr) < 0) {
        if (report && (! unknown))
            pout("  SG_IO ioctl failed, errno=%d [%s]\n", errno,
                 strerror(errno));
        return -errno;
    }
    if (report > 0) {
        pout("  scsi_status=0x%x, host_status=0x%x, driver_status=0x%x\n"
             "  info=0x%x  duration=%d milliseconds\n", io_hdr.status, 
             io_hdr.host_status, io_hdr.driver_status, io_hdr.info,
             io_hdr.duration);
        if (report > 1) {
            if (DXFER_FROM_DEVICE == iop->dxfer_dir) {
                int trunc = (iop->dxfer_len > 256) ? 1 : 0;

                pout("  Incoming data, len=%d%s:\n", (int)iop->dxfer_len,
                     (trunc ? " [only first 256 bytes shown]" : ""));
                dStrHex((const char*)iop->dxferp, 
                        (trunc ? 256 : iop->dxfer_len) , 1);
            }
        }
    }
    iop->resid = io_hdr.resid;
    iop->scsi_status = io_hdr.status;

    if (io_hdr.info | SG_INFO_CHECK) { /* error or warning */
        int masked_driver_status = (LSCSI_DRIVER_MASK & io_hdr.driver_status);

        if (0 != io_hdr.host_status) {
            if ((LSCSI_DID_NO_CONNECT == io_hdr.host_status) ||
                (LSCSI_DID_BUS_BUSY == io_hdr.host_status) ||
                (LSCSI_DID_TIME_OUT == io_hdr.host_status))
                return -ETIMEDOUT;
            else
                return -EIO;    /* catch all */
        }
        if (0 != masked_driver_status) {
            if (LSCSI_DRIVER_TIMEOUT == masked_driver_status)
                return -ETIMEDOUT;
            else if (LSCSI_DRIVER_SENSE != masked_driver_status)
                return -EIO;
        }
        if (LSCSI_DRIVER_SENSE == masked_driver_status)
            iop->scsi_status = SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION;
        iop->resp_sense_len = io_hdr.sb_len_wr;
        if ((SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) && 
            iop->sensep && (iop->resp_sense_len > 0)) {
            if (report > 1) {
                pout("  >>> Sense buffer, len=%d:\n",
                     (int)iop->resp_sense_len);
                dStrHex((const char *)iop->sensep, iop->resp_sense_len , 1);
            }
        }
        if (report) {
            if (SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) {
                if ((iop->sensep[0] & 0x7f) > 0x71)
                    pout("  status=%x: [desc] sense_key=%x asc=%x ascq=%x\n",
                         iop->scsi_status, iop->sensep[1] & 0xf,
                         iop->sensep[2], iop->sensep[3]);
                else
                    pout("  status=%x: sense_key=%x asc=%x ascq=%x\n",
                         iop->scsi_status, iop->sensep[2] & 0xf,
                         iop->sensep[12], iop->sensep[13]);
            }
            else
                pout("  status=0x%x\n", iop->scsi_status);
        }
    }
    return 0;
#endif
}

struct linux_ioctl_send_command
{
    int inbufsize;
    int outbufsize;
    UINT8 buff[MAX_DXFER_LEN + 16];
};

/* The Linux SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl is primitive and it doesn't 
 * support: CDB length (guesses it from opcode), resid and timeout.
 * Patches in Linux 2.4.21 and 2.5.70 to extend SEND DIAGNOSTIC timeout
 * to 2 hours in order to allow long foreground extended self tests. */
static int sisc_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report)
{
    struct linux_ioctl_send_command wrk;
    int status, buff_offset;
    size_t len;

    memcpy(wrk.buff, iop->cmnd, iop->cmnd_len);
    buff_offset = iop->cmnd_len;
    if (report > 0) {
        int k, j;
        const unsigned char * ucp = iop->cmnd;
        const char * np;
        char buff[256];
        const int sz = (int)sizeof(buff);

        np = scsi_get_opcode_name(ucp[0]);
        j = snprintf(buff, sz, " [%s: ", np ? np : "<unknown opcode>");
        for (k = 0; k < (int)iop->cmnd_len; ++k)
            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "%02x ", ucp[k]);
        if ((report > 1) && 
            (DXFER_TO_DEVICE == iop->dxfer_dir) && (iop->dxferp)) {
            int trunc = (iop->dxfer_len > 256) ? 1 : 0;

            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "]\n  Outgoing "
                          "data, len=%d%s:\n", (int)iop->dxfer_len,
                          (trunc ? " [only first 256 bytes shown]" : ""));
            dStrHex((const char *)iop->dxferp, 
                    (trunc ? 256 : iop->dxfer_len) , 1);
        }
        else
            j += snprintf(&buff[j], (sz > j ? (sz - j) : 0), "]\n");
        pout(buff);
    }
    switch (iop->dxfer_dir) {
        case DXFER_NONE:
            wrk.inbufsize = 0;
            wrk.outbufsize = 0;
            break;
        case DXFER_FROM_DEVICE:
            wrk.inbufsize = 0;
            if (iop->dxfer_len > MAX_DXFER_LEN)
                return -EINVAL;
            wrk.outbufsize = iop->dxfer_len;
            break;
        case DXFER_TO_DEVICE:
            if (iop->dxfer_len > MAX_DXFER_LEN)
                return -EINVAL;
            memcpy(wrk.buff + buff_offset, iop->dxferp, iop->dxfer_len);
            wrk.inbufsize = iop->dxfer_len;
            wrk.outbufsize = 0;
            break;
        default:
            pout("do_scsi_cmnd_io: bad dxfer_dir\n");
            return -EINVAL;
    }
    iop->resp_sense_len = 0;
    iop->scsi_status = 0;
    iop->resid = 0;
    status = ioctl(dev_fd, SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND, &wrk);
    if (-1 == status) {
        if (report)
            pout("  SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND ioctl failed, errno=%d [%s]\n",
                 errno, strerror(errno));
        return -errno;
    }
    if (0 == status) {
        if (report > 0)
            pout("  status=0\n");
        if (DXFER_FROM_DEVICE == iop->dxfer_dir) {
            memcpy(iop->dxferp, wrk.buff, iop->dxfer_len);
            if (report > 1) {
                int trunc = (iop->dxfer_len > 256) ? 1 : 0;

                pout("  Incoming data, len=%d%s:\n", (int)iop->dxfer_len,
                     (trunc ? " [only first 256 bytes shown]" : ""));
                dStrHex((const char*)iop->dxferp, 
                        (trunc ? 256 : iop->dxfer_len) , 1);
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    iop->scsi_status = status & 0x7e; /* bits 0 and 7 used to be for vendors */
    if (LSCSI_DRIVER_SENSE == ((status >> 24) & 0xf))
        iop->scsi_status = SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION;
    len = (SEND_IOCTL_RESP_SENSE_LEN < iop->max_sense_len) ?
                SEND_IOCTL_RESP_SENSE_LEN : iop->max_sense_len;
    if ((SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) && 
        iop->sensep && (len > 0)) {
        memcpy(iop->sensep, wrk.buff, len);
        iop->resp_sense_len = len;
        if (report > 1) {
            pout("  >>> Sense buffer, len=%d:\n", (int)len);
            dStrHex((const char *)wrk.buff, len , 1);
        }
    }
    if (report) {
        if (SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) {
            pout("  status=%x: sense_key=%x asc=%x ascq=%x\n", status & 0xff,
                 wrk.buff[2] & 0xf, wrk.buff[12], wrk.buff[13]);
        }
        else
            pout("  status=0x%x\n", status);
    }
    if (iop->scsi_status > 0)
        return 0;
    else {
        if (report > 0)
            pout("  ioctl status=0x%x but scsi status=0, fail with EIO\n", 
                 status);
        return -EIO;      /* give up, assume no device there */
    }
}

/* SCSI command transmission interface function, linux version.
 * Returns 0 if SCSI command successfully launched and response
 * received. Even when 0 is returned the caller should check 
 * scsi_cmnd_io::scsi_status for SCSI defined errors and warnings
 * (e.g. CHECK CONDITION). If the SCSI command could not be issued
 * (e.g. device not present or timeout) or some other problem
 * (e.g. timeout) then returns a negative errno value */
static int do_normal_scsi_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop,
                                  int report)
{
    int res;

    /* implementation relies on static sg_io_state variable. If not
     * previously set tries the SG_IO ioctl. If that succeeds assume
     * that SG_IO ioctl functional. If it fails with an errno value
     * other than ENODEV (no device) or permission then assume 
     * SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND is the only option. */
    switch (sg_io_state) {
    case SG_IO_PRESENT_UNKNOWN:
        /* ignore report argument */
        if (0 == (res = sg_io_cmnd_io(dev_fd, iop, report, 1))) {
            sg_io_state = SG_IO_PRESENT_YES;
            return 0;
        } else if ((-ENODEV == res) || (-EACCES == res) || (-EPERM == res))
            return res;         /* wait until we see a device */
        sg_io_state = SG_IO_PRESENT_NO;
        /* drop through by design */
    case SG_IO_PRESENT_NO:
        return sisc_cmnd_io(dev_fd, iop, report);
    case SG_IO_PRESENT_YES:
        return sg_io_cmnd_io(dev_fd, iop, report, 0);
    default:
        pout(">>>> do_scsi_cmnd_io: bad sg_io_state=%d\n", sg_io_state); 
        sg_io_state = SG_IO_PRESENT_UNKNOWN;
        return -EIO;    /* report error and reset state */
    }
}

/* Check and call the right interface. Maybe when the do_generic_scsi_cmd_io interface is better
   we can take off this crude way of calling the right interface */
 int do_scsi_cmnd_io(int dev_fd, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report)
 {
     switch(con->controller_type)
     {
         case CONTROLLER_CCISS:
             return cciss_io_interface(dev_fd, con->controller_port-1, iop, report);
             // not reached
             break;
         default:
             return do_normal_scsi_cmnd_io(dev_fd, iop, report);
             // not reached
             break;
     }
 }
 
// >>>>>> End of general SCSI specific linux code

/* cciss >> CCSISS I/O passthrough
   This is an interface that uses the cciss passthrough to talk to the SMART controller on
   the HP system. The cciss driver provides a way to send SCSI cmds through the CCISS passthrough
   essentially the methods above and below pertain to SCSI, except for the SG driver which is not
   involved. The CCISS driver does not engage the scsi subsystem. */
 static int cciss_io_interface(int device, int target, struct scsi_cmnd_io * iop, int report)
 {
     unsigned char pBuf[512] = {0};
     unsigned char phylun[1024] = {0};
     int iBufLen = 512;
     int status = -1;
     int len = 0; // used later in the code.
     report = 0;
 
     cciss_getlun(device, target, phylun);
     status = cciss_sendpassthru( 2, iop->cmnd, iop->cmnd_len, (char*) pBuf, iBufLen, 1, phylun, device);
 
     if (0 == status)
     {
         if (report > 0)
             printf("  status=0\n");
         if (DXFER_FROM_DEVICE == iop->dxfer_dir)
         {
             memcpy(iop->dxferp, pBuf, iop->dxfer_len);
             if (report > 1)
             {
                 int trunc = (iop->dxfer_len > 256) ? 1 : 0;
                 printf("  Incoming data, len=%d%s:\n", (int)iop->dxfer_len,
                      (trunc ? " [only first 256 bytes shown]" : ""));
                 dStrHex((const char*)iop->dxferp, (trunc ? 256 : iop->dxfer_len) , 1);
             }
         }
         return 0;
     }
     iop->scsi_status = status & 0x7e; /* bits 0 and 7 used to be for vendors */
     if (LSCSI_DRIVER_SENSE == ((status >> 24) & 0xf))
         iop->scsi_status = SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION;
     len = (SEND_IOCTL_RESP_SENSE_LEN < iop->max_sense_len) ?
                SEND_IOCTL_RESP_SENSE_LEN : iop->max_sense_len;
     if ((SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) &&
         iop->sensep && (len > 0))
     {
         memcpy(iop->sensep, pBuf, len);
         iop->resp_sense_len = iBufLen;
         if (report > 1)
         {
             printf("  >>> Sense buffer, len=%d:\n", (int)len);
             dStrHex((const char *)pBuf, len , 1);
         }
     }
     if (report)
     {
         if (SCSI_STATUS_CHECK_CONDITION == iop->scsi_status) {
             printf("  status=%x: sense_key=%x asc=%x ascq=%x\n", status & 0xff,
                  pBuf[2] & 0xf, pBuf[12], pBuf[13]);
         }
         else
             printf("  status=0x%x\n", status);
     }
     if (iop->scsi_status > 0)
         return 0;
     else
     {
         if (report > 0)
             printf("  ioctl status=0x%x but scsi status=0, fail with EIO\n", status);
         return -EIO;      /* give up, assume no device there */
     }
 } 
 

// prototype
void printwarning(smart_command_set command);

// PURPOSE
//   This is an interface routine meant to isolate the OS dependent
//   parts of the code, and to provide a debugging interface.  Each
//   different port and OS needs to provide it's own interface.  This
//   is the linux interface to the 3ware 3w-xxxx driver.  It allows ATA
//   commands to be passed through the SCSI driver.
// DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ARGUMENTS
//   fd: is the file descriptor provided by open()
//   disknum is the disk number (0 to 15) in the RAID array
//   escalade_type indicates the type of controller type, and if scsi or char interface is used
//   command: defines the different operations.
//   select: additional input data if needed (which log, which type of
//           self-test).
//   data:   location to write output data, if needed (512 bytes).
//   Note: not all commands use all arguments.
// RETURN VALUES
//  -1 if the command failed
//   0 if the command succeeded,
//   STATUS_CHECK routine: 
//  -1 if the command failed
//   0 if the command succeeded and disk SMART status is "OK"
//   1 if the command succeeded and disk SMART status is "FAILING"


/* 512 is the max payload size: increase if needed */
#define BUFFER_LEN_678K      ( sizeof(TW_Ioctl)                  ) // 1044 unpacked, 1041 packed
#define BUFFER_LEN_678K_CHAR ( sizeof(TW_New_Ioctl)+512-1        ) // 1539 unpacked, 1536 packed
#define BUFFER_LEN_9000      ( sizeof(TW_Ioctl_Buf_Apache)+512-1 ) // 2051 unpacked, 2048 packed
#define TW_IOCTL_BUFFER_SIZE ( MAX(MAX(BUFFER_LEN_678K, BUFFER_LEN_9000), BUFFER_LEN_678K_CHAR) )

int escalade_command_interface(int fd, int disknum, int escalade_type, smart_command_set command, int select, char *data){

  // return value and buffer for ioctl()
  int  ioctlreturn, readdata=0;

  // Used by both the SCSI and char interfaces
  TW_Passthru *passthru=NULL;
  char ioctl_buffer[TW_IOCTL_BUFFER_SIZE];

  // only used for SCSI device interface
  TW_Ioctl   *tw_ioctl=NULL;
  TW_Output *tw_output=NULL;

  // only used for 6000/7000/8000 char device interface
  TW_New_Ioctl *tw_ioctl_char=NULL;

  // only used for 9000 character device interface
  TW_Ioctl_Buf_Apache *tw_ioctl_apache=NULL;
  
  memset(ioctl_buffer, 0, TW_IOCTL_BUFFER_SIZE);

  if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR) {
    tw_ioctl_apache                               = (TW_Ioctl_Buf_Apache *)ioctl_buffer;
    tw_ioctl_apache->driver_command.control_code  = TW_IOCTL_FIRMWARE_PASS_THROUGH;
    tw_ioctl_apache->driver_command.buffer_length = 512; /* payload size */
    passthru                                      = (TW_Passthru *)&(tw_ioctl_apache->firmware_command.command.oldcommand);
  }
  else if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K_CHAR) {
    tw_ioctl_char                                 = (TW_New_Ioctl *)ioctl_buffer;
    tw_ioctl_char->data_buffer_length             = 512;
    passthru                                      = (TW_Passthru *)&(tw_ioctl_char->firmware_command);
  }
  else if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K) {
    tw_ioctl                                      = (TW_Ioctl *)ioctl_buffer;
    tw_ioctl->cdb[0]                              = TW_IOCTL;
    tw_ioctl->opcode                              = TW_ATA_PASSTHRU;
    tw_ioctl->input_length                        = 512; // correct even for non-data commands
    tw_ioctl->output_length                       = 512; // correct even for non-data commands
    tw_output                                     = (TW_Output *)tw_ioctl;
    passthru                                      = (TW_Passthru *)&(tw_ioctl->input_data);
  }
  else {
    pout("Unrecognized escalade_type %d in linux_3ware_command_interface(disk %d)\n"
         "Please contact " PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "\n", escalade_type, disknum);
    errno=ENOSYS;
    return -1;
  }

  // Same for (almost) all commands - but some reset below
  passthru->byte0.opcode  = TW_OP_ATA_PASSTHRU;
  passthru->request_id    = 0xFF;
  passthru->byte3.aport   = disknum;
  passthru->byte3.host_id = 0;
  passthru->status        = 0;           
  passthru->flags         = 0x1;
  passthru->drive_head    = 0x0;
  passthru->sector_num    = 0;

  // All SMART commands use this CL/CH signature.  These are magic
  // values from the ATA specifications.
  passthru->cylinder_lo   = 0x4F;
  passthru->cylinder_hi   = 0xC2;
  
  // SMART ATA COMMAND REGISTER value
  passthru->command       = ATA_SMART_CMD;
  
  // Is this a command that reads or returns 512 bytes?
  // passthru->param values are:
  // 0x0 - non data command without TFR write check,
  // 0x8 - non data command with TFR write check,
  // 0xD - data command that returns data to host from device
  // 0xF - data command that writes data from host to device
  // passthru->size values are 0x5 for non-data and 0x07 for data
  if (command == READ_VALUES     ||
      command == READ_THRESHOLDS ||
      command == READ_LOG        ||
      command == IDENTIFY        ||
      command == WRITE_LOG ) {
    readdata=1;
    passthru->byte0.sgloff = 0x5;
    passthru->size         = 0x7;
    passthru->param        = 0xD;
    passthru->sector_count = 0x1;
    // For 64-bit to work correctly, up the size of the command packet
    // in dwords by 1 to account for the 64-bit single sgl 'address'
    // field. Note that this doesn't agree with the typedefs but it's
    // right (agree with kernel driver behavior/typedefs).
    if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR && sizeof(long)==8)
      passthru->size++;
  }
  else {
    // Non data command -- but doesn't use large sector 
    // count register values.  
    passthru->byte0.sgloff = 0x0;
    passthru->size         = 0x5;
    passthru->param        = 0x8;
    passthru->sector_count = 0x0;
  }
  
  // Now set ATA registers depending upon command
  switch (command){
  case CHECK_POWER_MODE:
    passthru->command     = ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE;
    passthru->features    = 0;
    passthru->cylinder_lo = 0;
    passthru->cylinder_hi = 0;
    break;
  case READ_VALUES:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES;
    break;
  case READ_THRESHOLDS:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_READ_THRESHOLDS;
    break;
  case READ_LOG:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_READ_LOG_SECTOR;
    // log number to return
    passthru->sector_num  = select;
    break;
  case WRITE_LOG:
    if (escalade_type == CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR)
      memcpy((unsigned char *)tw_ioctl_apache->data_buffer, data, 512);
    else if (escalade_type == CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K_CHAR)
      memcpy((unsigned char *)tw_ioctl_char->data_buffer,   data, 512);
    else {
      // COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED VIA SCSI IOCTL INTERFACE
      // memcpy(tw_output->output_data, data, 512);
      printwarning(command);
      errno=ENOTSUP;
      return -1;
    }
    readdata=0;
    passthru->features     = ATA_SMART_WRITE_LOG_SECTOR;
    passthru->sector_count = 1;
    passthru->sector_num   = select;
    passthru->param        = 0xF;  // PIO data write
    break;
  case IDENTIFY:
    // ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE
    passthru->command     = ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
    passthru->features    = 0;
    passthru->cylinder_lo = 0;
    passthru->cylinder_hi = 0;
    break;
  case PIDENTIFY:
    // 3WARE controller can NOT have packet device internally
    pout("WARNING - NO DEVICE FOUND ON 3WARE CONTROLLER (disk %d)\n", disknum);
    pout("Note: /dev/sdX many need to be replaced with /dev/tweN or /dev/twaN\n");
    errno=ENODEV;
    return -1;
  case ENABLE:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_ENABLE;
    break;
  case DISABLE:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_DISABLE;
    break;
  case AUTO_OFFLINE:
    passthru->features     = ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE;
    // Enable or disable?
    passthru->sector_count = select;
    break;
  case AUTOSAVE:
    passthru->features     = ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE;
    // Enable or disable?
    passthru->sector_count = select;
    break;
  case IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE:
    passthru->features    = ATA_SMART_IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE;
    // What test type to run?
    passthru->sector_num  = select;
    break;
  case STATUS_CHECK:
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  case STATUS:
    // This is JUST to see if SMART is enabled, by giving SMART status
    // command. But it doesn't say if status was good, or failing.
    // See below for the difference.
    passthru->features = ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  default:
    pout("Unrecognized command %d in linux_3ware_command_interface(disk %d)\n"
         "Please contact " PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "\n", command, disknum);
    errno=ENOSYS;
    return -1;
  }

  // Now send the command down through an ioctl()
  if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR)
    ioctlreturn=ioctl(fd, TW_IOCTL_FIRMWARE_PASS_THROUGH, tw_ioctl_apache);
  else if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K_CHAR)
    ioctlreturn=ioctl(fd, TW_CMD_PACKET_WITH_DATA, tw_ioctl_char);
  else
    ioctlreturn=ioctl(fd, SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND, tw_ioctl);
  
  // Deal with the different error cases
  if (ioctlreturn) {
    if (CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K==escalade_type && ((command==AUTO_OFFLINE || command==AUTOSAVE) && select)){
      // error here is probably a kernel driver whose version is too old
      printwarning(command);
      errno=ENOTSUP;
    }
    if (!errno)
      errno=EIO;
    return -1;
  }
  
  // The passthru structure is valid after return from an ioctl if:
  // - we are using the character interface OR 
  // - we are using the SCSI interface and this is a NON-READ-DATA command
  // For SCSI interface, note that we set passthru to a different
  // value after ioctl().
  if (CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K==escalade_type) {
    if (readdata)
      passthru=NULL;
    else
      passthru=(TW_Passthru *)&(tw_output->output_data);
  }

  // See if the ATA command failed.  Now that we have returned from
  // the ioctl() call, if passthru is valid, then:
  // - passthru->status contains the 3ware controller STATUS
  // - passthru->command contains the ATA STATUS register
  // - passthru->features contains the ATA ERROR register
  //
  // Check bits 0 (error bit) and 5 (device fault) of the ATA STATUS
  // If bit 0 (error bit) is set, then ATA ERROR register is valid.
  // While we *might* decode the ATA ERROR register, at the moment it
  // doesn't make much sense: we don't care in detail why the error
  // happened.
  
  if (passthru && (passthru->status || (passthru->command & 0x21))) {
    errno=EIO;
    return -1;
  }
  
  // If this is a read data command, copy data to output buffer
  if (readdata) {
    if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR)
      memcpy(data, (unsigned char *)tw_ioctl_apache->data_buffer, 512);
    else if (escalade_type==CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K_CHAR)
      memcpy(data, (unsigned char *)tw_ioctl_char->data_buffer, 512);
    else
      memcpy(data, tw_output->output_data, 512);
  }

  // For STATUS_CHECK, we need to check register values
  if (command==STATUS_CHECK) {
    
    // To find out if the SMART RETURN STATUS is good or failing, we
    // need to examine the values of the Cylinder Low and Cylinder
    // High Registers.
    
    unsigned short cyl_lo=passthru->cylinder_lo;
    unsigned short cyl_hi=passthru->cylinder_hi;
    
    // If values in Cyl-LO and Cyl-HI are unchanged, SMART status is good.
    if (cyl_lo==0x4F && cyl_hi==0xC2)
      return 0;
    
    // If values in Cyl-LO and Cyl-HI are as follows, SMART status is FAIL
    if (cyl_lo==0xF4 && cyl_hi==0x2C)
      return 1;
    
    // Any other values mean that something has gone wrong with the command
    if (CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K==escalade_type) {
      printwarning(command);
      errno=ENOSYS;
      return 0;
    }
    else {
      errno=EIO;
      return -1;
    }
  }
  
  // copy sector count register (one byte!) to return data
  if (command==CHECK_POWER_MODE)
    *data=*(char *)&(passthru->sector_count);
  
  // look for nonexistent devices/ports
  if (command==IDENTIFY && !nonempty((unsigned char *)data, 512)) {
    errno=ENODEV;
    return -1;
  }
  
  return 0;
}



int marvell_command_interface(int device, 
                              smart_command_set command, 
                              int select, 
                              char *data) {  
  typedef struct {  
    int  inlen;
    int  outlen;
    char cmd[540];
  } mvsata_scsi_cmd;
  
  int copydata = 0;
  mvsata_scsi_cmd  smart_command;
  unsigned char *buff = (unsigned char *)&smart_command.cmd[6];
  // See struct hd_drive_cmd_hdr in hdreg.h
  // buff[0]: ATA COMMAND CODE REGISTER
  // buff[1]: ATA SECTOR NUMBER REGISTER
  // buff[2]: ATA FEATURES REGISTER
  // buff[3]: ATA SECTOR COUNT REGISTER
  
  // clear out buff.  Large enough for HDIO_DRIVE_CMD (4+512 bytes)
  memset(&smart_command, 0, sizeof(smart_command));
  smart_command.inlen = 540;
  smart_command.outlen = 540;
  smart_command.cmd[0] = 0xC;  //Vendor-specific code
  smart_command.cmd[4] = 6;     //command length
  
  buff[0] = ATA_SMART_CMD;
  switch (command){
  case CHECK_POWER_MODE:
    buff[0]=ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE;
    break;
  case READ_VALUES:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES;
    copydata=buff[3]=1;
    break;
  case READ_THRESHOLDS:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_THRESHOLDS;
    copydata=buff[1]=buff[3]=1;
    break;
  case READ_LOG:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_LOG_SECTOR;
    buff[1]=select;
    copydata=buff[3]=1;
    break;
  case IDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
    copydata=buff[3]=1;
    break;
  case PIDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE;
    copydata=buff[3]=1;
    break;
  case ENABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_ENABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case DISABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_DISABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case STATUS:
  case STATUS_CHECK:
    // this command only says if SMART is working.  It could be
    // replaced with STATUS_CHECK below.
    buff[2] = ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  case AUTO_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE;
    buff[3]=select;   // YET NOTE - THIS IS A NON-DATA COMMAND!!
    break;
  case AUTOSAVE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE;
    buff[3]=select;   // YET NOTE - THIS IS A NON-DATA COMMAND!!
    break;
  case IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE;
    buff[1]=select;
    break;
  default:
    pout("Unrecognized command %d in mvsata_os_specific_handler()\n", command);
    exit(1);
    break;
  }  
  // There are two different types of ioctls().  The HDIO_DRIVE_TASK
  // one is this:
  // We are now doing the HDIO_DRIVE_CMD type ioctl.
  if (ioctl(device, SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND, (void *)&smart_command))
      return -1;

  if (command==CHECK_POWER_MODE) {
    // LEON -- CHECK THIS PLEASE.  THIS SHOULD BE THE SECTOR COUNT
    // REGISTER, AND IT MIGHT BE buff[2] NOT buff[3].  Bruce
    data[0]=buff[3];
    return 0;
  }

  // Always succeed on a SMART status, as a disk that failed returned  
  // buff[4]=0xF4, buff[5]=0x2C, i.e. "Bad SMART status" (see below).
  if (command == STATUS)
    return 0;
  //Data returned is starting from 0 offset  
  if (command == STATUS_CHECK)
  {
    // Cyl low and Cyl high unchanged means "Good SMART status"
    if (buff[4] == 0x4F && buff[5] == 0xC2)
      return 0;    
    // These values mean "Bad SMART status"
    if (buff[4] == 0xF4 && buff[5] == 0x2C)
      return 1;    
    // We haven't gotten output that makes sense; print out some debugging info
    syserror("Error SMART Status command failed");
    pout("Please get assistance from %s\n",PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
    pout("Register values returned from SMART Status command are:\n");
    pout("CMD =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[0]);
    pout("FR =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[1]);
    pout("NS =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[2]);
    pout("SC =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[3]);
    pout("CL =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[4]);
    pout("CH =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[5]);
    pout("SEL=0x%02x\n",(int)buff[6]);
    return -1;   
  }  

  if (copydata)
    memcpy(data, buff, 512);
  return 0; 
}

// this implementation is derived from ata_command_interface with a header
// packing for highpoint linux driver ioctl interface
// 
// ioctl(fd,HPTIO_CTL,buff)
//          ^^^^^^^^^
//
// structure of hpt_buff
// +----+----+----+----+--------------------.....---------------------+
// | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5                                            |
// +----+----+----+----+--------------------.....---------------------+
// 
// 1: The target controller                     [ int    ( 4 Bytes ) ]
// 2: The channel of the target controllee      [ int    ( 4 Bytes ) ]
// 3: HDIO_ ioctl call                          [ int    ( 4 Bytes ) ]
//    available from ${LINUX_KERNEL_SOURCE}/Documentation/ioctl/hdio
// 4: the pmport that disk attached,            [ int    ( 4 Bytes ) ]
//    if no pmport device, set to 1 or leave blank
// 5: data                                      [ void * ( var leangth ) ]
// 
int highpoint_command_interface(int device, smart_command_set command,
                                int select, char *data)
{
  unsigned char hpt_buff[4*sizeof(int) + STRANGE_BUFFER_LENGTH];
  unsigned int *hpt = (unsigned int *)hpt_buff;
  unsigned char *buff = &hpt_buff[4*sizeof(int)];
  int copydata = 0;
  const int HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET = 4;

  memset(hpt_buff, 0, 4*sizeof(int) + STRANGE_BUFFER_LENGTH);
  hpt[0] = con->hpt_data[0]; // controller id
  hpt[1] = con->hpt_data[1]; // channel number
  hpt[3] = con->hpt_data[2]; // pmport number

  buff[0]=ATA_SMART_CMD;
  switch (command){
  case CHECK_POWER_MODE:
    buff[0]=ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE;
    copydata=1;
    break;
  case READ_VALUES:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case READ_THRESHOLDS:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_THRESHOLDS;
    buff[1]=buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case READ_LOG:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_READ_LOG_SECTOR;
    buff[1]=select;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case WRITE_LOG:
    break;
  case IDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case PIDENTIFY:
    buff[0]=ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE;
    buff[3]=1;
    copydata=512;
    break;
  case ENABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_ENABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case DISABLE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_DISABLE;
    buff[1]=1;
    break;
  case STATUS:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  case AUTO_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTO_OFFLINE;
    buff[3]=select;
    break;
  case AUTOSAVE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_AUTOSAVE;
    buff[3]=select;
    break;
  case IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE:
    buff[2]=ATA_SMART_IMMEDIATE_OFFLINE;
    buff[1]=select;
    break;
  case STATUS_CHECK:
    buff[1]=ATA_SMART_STATUS;
    break;
  default:
    pout("Unrecognized command %d in linux_highpoint_command_interface()\n"
         "Please contact " PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "\n", command);
    errno=ENOSYS;
    return -1;
  }

  if (command==WRITE_LOG) {
    unsigned char task[4*sizeof(int)+sizeof(ide_task_request_t)+512];
    unsigned int *hpt = (unsigned int *)task;
    ide_task_request_t *reqtask = (ide_task_request_t *)(&task[4*sizeof(int)]);
    task_struct_t *taskfile = (task_struct_t *)reqtask->io_ports;
    int retval;

    memset(task, 0, sizeof(task));

    hpt[0] = con->hpt_data[0]; // controller id
    hpt[1] = con->hpt_data[1]; // channel number
    hpt[3] = con->hpt_data[2]; // pmport number
    hpt[2] = HDIO_DRIVE_TASKFILE; // real hd ioctl

    taskfile->data           = 0;
    taskfile->feature        = ATA_SMART_WRITE_LOG_SECTOR;
    taskfile->sector_count   = 1;
    taskfile->sector_number  = select;
    taskfile->low_cylinder   = 0x4f;
    taskfile->high_cylinder  = 0xc2;
    taskfile->device_head    = 0;
    taskfile->command        = ATA_SMART_CMD;
    
    reqtask->data_phase      = TASKFILE_OUT;
    reqtask->req_cmd         = IDE_DRIVE_TASK_OUT;
    reqtask->out_size        = 512;
    reqtask->in_size         = 0;
    
    memcpy(task+sizeof(ide_task_request_t)+4*sizeof(int), data, 512);

    if ((retval=ioctl(device, HPTIO_CTL, task))) {
      if (retval==-EINVAL)
        pout("Kernel lacks HDIO_DRIVE_TASKFILE support; compile kernel with CONFIG_IDE_TASKFILE_IO set\n");
      return -1;
    }
    return 0;
  }
    
  if (command==STATUS_CHECK){
    int retval;
    unsigned const char normal_lo=0x4f, normal_hi=0xc2;
    unsigned const char failed_lo=0xf4, failed_hi=0x2c;
    buff[4]=normal_lo;
    buff[5]=normal_hi;

    hpt[2] = HDIO_DRIVE_TASK;

    if ((retval=ioctl(device, HPTIO_CTL, hpt_buff))) {
      if (retval==-EINVAL) {
        pout("Error SMART Status command via HDIO_DRIVE_TASK failed");
        pout("Rebuild older linux 2.2 kernels with HDIO_DRIVE_TASK support added\n");
      }
      else
        syserror("Error SMART Status command failed");
      return -1;
    }
    
    if (buff[4]==normal_lo && buff[5]==normal_hi)
      return 0;
    
    if (buff[4]==failed_lo && buff[5]==failed_hi)
      return 1;
    
    syserror("Error SMART Status command failed");
    pout("Please get assistance from " PACKAGE_HOMEPAGE "\n");
    pout("Register values returned from SMART Status command are:\n");
    pout("CMD=0x%02x\n",(int)buff[0]);
    pout("FR =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[1]);
    pout("NS =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[2]);
    pout("SC =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[3]);
    pout("CL =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[4]);
    pout("CH =0x%02x\n",(int)buff[5]);
    pout("SEL=0x%02x\n",(int)buff[6]);
    return -1;   
  }
  
#if 1
  if (command==IDENTIFY || command==PIDENTIFY) {
    unsigned char deviceid[4*sizeof(int)+512*sizeof(char)];
    unsigned int *hpt = (unsigned int *)deviceid;

    hpt[0] = con->hpt_data[0]; // controller id
    hpt[1] = con->hpt_data[1]; // channel number
    hpt[3] = con->hpt_data[2]; // pmport number

    hpt[2] = HDIO_GET_IDENTITY;
    if (!ioctl(device, HPTIO_CTL, deviceid) && (deviceid[4*sizeof(int)] & 0x8000))
      buff[0]=(command==IDENTIFY)?ATA_IDENTIFY_PACKET_DEVICE:ATA_IDENTIFY_DEVICE;
  }
#endif
  
  hpt[2] = HDIO_DRIVE_CMD;
  if ((ioctl(device, HPTIO_CTL, hpt_buff)))
    return -1;

  if (command==CHECK_POWER_MODE)
    buff[HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET]=buff[2];

  if (copydata)
    memcpy(data, buff+HDIO_DRIVE_CMD_OFFSET, copydata);
  
  return 0; 
}


// Utility function for printing warnings
void printwarning(smart_command_set command){
  static int printed[4]={0,0,0,0};
  const char* message=
    "can not be passed through the 3ware 3w-xxxx driver.  This can be fixed by\n"
    "applying a simple 3w-xxxx driver patch that can be found here:\n"
    PACKAGE_HOMEPAGE "\n"
    "Alternatively, upgrade your 3w-xxxx driver to version 1.02.00.037 or greater.\n\n";

  if (command==AUTO_OFFLINE && !printed[0]) {
    printed[0]=1;
    pout("The SMART AUTO-OFFLINE ENABLE command (smartmontools -o on option/Directive)\n%s", message);
  } 
  else if (command==AUTOSAVE && !printed[1]) {
    printed[1]=1;
    pout("The SMART AUTOSAVE ENABLE command (smartmontools -S on option/Directive)\n%s", message);
  }
  else if (command==STATUS_CHECK && !printed[2]) {
    printed[2]=1;
    pout("The SMART RETURN STATUS return value (smartmontools -H option/Directive)\n%s", message);
  }
  else if (command==WRITE_LOG && !printed[3])  {
    printed[3]=1;
    pout("The SMART WRITE LOG command (smartmontools -t selective) only supported via char /dev/tw[ae] interface\n");
  }
  
  return;
}

// Guess device type (ata or scsi) based on device name (Linux
// specific) SCSI device name in linux can be sd, sr, scd, st, nst,
// osst, nosst and sg.
static const char * lin_dev_prefix = "/dev/";
static const char * lin_dev_ata_disk_plus = "h";
static const char * lin_dev_ata_devfs_disk_plus = "ide/";
static const char * lin_dev_scsi_devfs_disk_plus = "scsi/";
static const char * lin_dev_scsi_disk_plus = "s";
static const char * lin_dev_scsi_tape1 = "ns";
static const char * lin_dev_scsi_tape2 = "os";
static const char * lin_dev_scsi_tape3 = "nos";
static const char * lin_dev_3ware_9000_char = "twa";
static const char * lin_dev_3ware_678k_char = "twe";
static const char * lin_dev_cciss_dir = "cciss/";

int guess_device_type(const char * dev_name) {
  int len;
  int dev_prefix_len = strlen(lin_dev_prefix);
  
  // if dev_name null, or string length zero
  if (!dev_name || !(len = strlen(dev_name)))
    return CONTROLLER_UNKNOWN;
  
  // Remove the leading /dev/... if it's there
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_prefix, dev_name, dev_prefix_len)) {
    if (len <= dev_prefix_len)
      // if nothing else in the string, unrecognized
      return CONTROLLER_UNKNOWN;
    // else advance pointer to following characters
    dev_name += dev_prefix_len;
  }
  
  // form /dev/h* or h*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_ata_disk_plus, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_ata_disk_plus)))
    return CONTROLLER_ATA;
  
  // form /dev/ide/* or ide/*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_ata_devfs_disk_plus, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_ata_devfs_disk_plus)))
    return CONTROLLER_ATA;

  // form /dev/s* or s*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_scsi_disk_plus, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_scsi_disk_plus)))
    return CONTROLLER_SCSI;

  // form /dev/scsi/* or scsi/*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_scsi_devfs_disk_plus, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_scsi_devfs_disk_plus)))
    return CONTROLLER_SCSI;
  
  // form /dev/ns* or ns*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_scsi_tape1, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_scsi_tape1)))
    return CONTROLLER_SCSI;
  
  // form /dev/os* or os*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_scsi_tape2, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_scsi_tape2)))
    return CONTROLLER_SCSI;
  
  // form /dev/nos* or nos*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_scsi_tape3, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_scsi_tape3)))
    return CONTROLLER_SCSI;

  // form /dev/twa*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_3ware_9000_char, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_3ware_9000_char)))
    return CONTROLLER_3WARE_9000_CHAR;

  // form /dev/twe*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_3ware_678k_char, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_3ware_678k_char)))
    return CONTROLLER_3WARE_678K_CHAR;
  // form /dev/cciss*
  if (!strncmp(lin_dev_cciss_dir, dev_name,
               strlen(lin_dev_cciss_dir)))
    return CONTROLLER_CCISS;

  // we failed to recognize any of the forms
  return CONTROLLER_UNKNOWN;
}


#if 0

[ed@firestorm ed]$ ls -l  /dev/discs
total 0
lr-xr-xr-x    1 root     root           30 Dec 31  1969 disc0 -> ../ide/host2/bus0/target0/lun0/
lr-xr-xr-x    1 root     root           30 Dec 31  1969 disc1 -> ../ide/host2/bus1/target0/lun0/
[ed@firestorm ed]$ ls -l  dev/ide/host*/bus*/target*/lun*/disc
ls: dev/ide/host*/bus*/target*/lun*/disc: No such file or directory
[ed@firestorm ed]$ ls -l  /dev/ide/host*/bus*/target*/lun*/disc
brw-------    1 root     root      33,   0 Dec 31  1969 /dev/ide/host2/bus0/target0/lun0/disc
brw-------    1 root     root      34,   0 Dec 31  1969 /dev/ide/host2/bus1/target0/lun0/disc
[ed@firestorm ed]$ ls -l  /dev/ide/c*b*t*u*
ls: /dev/ide/c*b*t*u*: No such file or directory
[ed@firestorm ed]$ 
Script done on Fri Nov  7 13:46:28 2003

#endif