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1 /*
2 * QEMU Block driver for CURL images
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2009 Alexander Graf <agraf@suse.de>
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "block/block_int.h"
26 #include <curl/curl.h>
27
28 // #define DEBUG
29 // #define DEBUG_VERBOSE
30
31 #ifdef DEBUG_CURL
32 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { printf(fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
33 #else
34 #define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) do { } while (0)
35 #endif
36
37 #define PROTOCOLS (CURLPROTO_HTTP | CURLPROTO_HTTPS | \
38 CURLPROTO_FTP | CURLPROTO_FTPS | \
39 CURLPROTO_TFTP)
40
41 #define CURL_NUM_STATES 8
42 #define CURL_NUM_ACB 8
43 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
44 #define READ_AHEAD_SIZE (256 * 1024)
45
46 #define FIND_RET_NONE 0
47 #define FIND_RET_OK 1
48 #define FIND_RET_WAIT 2
49
50 struct BDRVCURLState;
51
52 typedef struct CURLAIOCB {
53 BlockDriverAIOCB common;
54 QEMUBH *bh;
55 QEMUIOVector *qiov;
56
57 int64_t sector_num;
58 int nb_sectors;
59
60 size_t start;
61 size_t end;
62 } CURLAIOCB;
63
64 typedef struct CURLState
65 {
66 struct BDRVCURLState *s;
67 CURLAIOCB *acb[CURL_NUM_ACB];
68 CURL *curl;
69 char *orig_buf;
70 size_t buf_start;
71 size_t buf_off;
72 size_t buf_len;
73 char range[128];
74 char errmsg[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
75 char in_use;
76 } CURLState;
77
78 typedef struct BDRVCURLState {
79 CURLM *multi;
80 size_t len;
81 CURLState states[CURL_NUM_STATES];
82 char *url;
83 size_t readahead_size;
84 bool accept_range;
85 } BDRVCURLState;
86
87 static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s);
88 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg);
89
90 static int curl_sock_cb(CURL *curl, curl_socket_t fd, int action,
91 void *s, void *sp)
92 {
93 DPRINTF("CURL (AIO): Sock action %d on fd %d\n", action, fd);
94 switch (action) {
95 case CURL_POLL_IN:
96 qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, curl_multi_do, NULL, s);
97 break;
98 case CURL_POLL_OUT:
99 qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, NULL, curl_multi_do, s);
100 break;
101 case CURL_POLL_INOUT:
102 qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, curl_multi_do, curl_multi_do, s);
103 break;
104 case CURL_POLL_REMOVE:
105 qemu_aio_set_fd_handler(fd, NULL, NULL, NULL);
106 break;
107 }
108
109 return 0;
110 }
111
112 static size_t curl_header_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *opaque)
113 {
114 BDRVCURLState *s = opaque;
115 size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
116 const char *accept_line = "Accept-Ranges: bytes";
117
118 if (realsize >= strlen(accept_line)
119 && strncmp((char *)ptr, accept_line, strlen(accept_line)) == 0) {
120 s->accept_range = true;
121 }
122
123 return realsize;
124 }
125
126 static size_t curl_read_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *opaque)
127 {
128 CURLState *s = ((CURLState*)opaque);
129 size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
130 int i;
131
132 DPRINTF("CURL: Just reading %zd bytes\n", realsize);
133
134 if (!s || !s->orig_buf)
135 goto read_end;
136
137 memcpy(s->orig_buf + s->buf_off, ptr, realsize);
138 s->buf_off += realsize;
139
140 for(i=0; i<CURL_NUM_ACB; i++) {
141 CURLAIOCB *acb = s->acb[i];
142
143 if (!acb)
144 continue;
145
146 if ((s->buf_off >= acb->end)) {
147 qemu_iovec_from_buf(acb->qiov, 0, s->orig_buf + acb->start,
148 acb->end - acb->start);
149 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, 0);
150 qemu_aio_release(acb);
151 s->acb[i] = NULL;
152 }
153 }
154
155 read_end:
156 return realsize;
157 }
158
159 static int curl_find_buf(BDRVCURLState *s, size_t start, size_t len,
160 CURLAIOCB *acb)
161 {
162 int i;
163 size_t end = start + len;
164
165 for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
166 CURLState *state = &s->states[i];
167 size_t buf_end = (state->buf_start + state->buf_off);
168 size_t buf_fend = (state->buf_start + state->buf_len);
169
170 if (!state->orig_buf)
171 continue;
172 if (!state->buf_off)
173 continue;
174
175 // Does the existing buffer cover our section?
176 if ((start >= state->buf_start) &&
177 (start <= buf_end) &&
178 (end >= state->buf_start) &&
179 (end <= buf_end))
180 {
181 char *buf = state->orig_buf + (start - state->buf_start);
182
183 qemu_iovec_from_buf(acb->qiov, 0, buf, len);
184 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, 0);
185
186 return FIND_RET_OK;
187 }
188
189 // Wait for unfinished chunks
190 if ((start >= state->buf_start) &&
191 (start <= buf_fend) &&
192 (end >= state->buf_start) &&
193 (end <= buf_fend))
194 {
195 int j;
196
197 acb->start = start - state->buf_start;
198 acb->end = acb->start + len;
199
200 for (j=0; j<CURL_NUM_ACB; j++) {
201 if (!state->acb[j]) {
202 state->acb[j] = acb;
203 return FIND_RET_WAIT;
204 }
205 }
206 }
207 }
208
209 return FIND_RET_NONE;
210 }
211
212 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg)
213 {
214 BDRVCURLState *s = (BDRVCURLState *)arg;
215 int running;
216 int r;
217 int msgs_in_queue;
218
219 if (!s->multi)
220 return;
221
222 do {
223 r = curl_multi_socket_all(s->multi, &running);
224 } while(r == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
225
226 /* Try to find done transfers, so we can free the easy
227 * handle again. */
228 do {
229 CURLMsg *msg;
230 msg = curl_multi_info_read(s->multi, &msgs_in_queue);
231
232 if (!msg)
233 break;
234 if (msg->msg == CURLMSG_NONE)
235 break;
236
237 switch (msg->msg) {
238 case CURLMSG_DONE:
239 {
240 CURLState *state = NULL;
241 curl_easy_getinfo(msg->easy_handle, CURLINFO_PRIVATE, (char**)&state);
242
243 /* ACBs for successful messages get completed in curl_read_cb */
244 if (msg->data.result != CURLE_OK) {
245 int i;
246 for (i = 0; i < CURL_NUM_ACB; i++) {
247 CURLAIOCB *acb = state->acb[i];
248
249 if (acb == NULL) {
250 continue;
251 }
252
253 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, -EIO);
254 qemu_aio_release(acb);
255 state->acb[i] = NULL;
256 }
257 }
258
259 curl_clean_state(state);
260 break;
261 }
262 default:
263 msgs_in_queue = 0;
264 break;
265 }
266 } while(msgs_in_queue);
267 }
268
269 static CURLState *curl_init_state(BDRVCURLState *s)
270 {
271 CURLState *state = NULL;
272 int i, j;
273
274 do {
275 for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
276 for (j=0; j<CURL_NUM_ACB; j++)
277 if (s->states[i].acb[j])
278 continue;
279 if (s->states[i].in_use)
280 continue;
281
282 state = &s->states[i];
283 state->in_use = 1;
284 break;
285 }
286 if (!state) {
287 g_usleep(100);
288 curl_multi_do(s);
289 }
290 } while(!state);
291
292 if (state->curl)
293 goto has_curl;
294
295 state->curl = curl_easy_init();
296 if (!state->curl)
297 return NULL;
298 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_URL, s->url);
299 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 5);
300 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, (void *)curl_read_cb);
301 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, (void *)state);
302 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_PRIVATE, (void *)state);
303 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, 1);
304 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
305 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1);
306 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, state->errmsg);
307 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
308
309 /* Restrict supported protocols to avoid security issues in the more
310 * obscure protocols. For example, do not allow POP3/SMTP/IMAP see
311 * CVE-2013-0249.
312 *
313 * Restricting protocols is only supported from 7.19.4 upwards.
314 */
315 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071304
316 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS, PROTOCOLS);
317 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS, PROTOCOLS);
318 #endif
319
320 #ifdef DEBUG_VERBOSE
321 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
322 #endif
323
324 has_curl:
325
326 state->s = s;
327
328 return state;
329 }
330
331 static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s)
332 {
333 if (s->s->multi)
334 curl_multi_remove_handle(s->s->multi, s->curl);
335 s->in_use = 0;
336 }
337
338 static void curl_parse_filename(const char *filename, QDict *options,
339 Error **errp)
340 {
341
342 #define RA_OPTSTR ":readahead="
343 char *file;
344 char *ra;
345 const char *ra_val;
346 int parse_state = 0;
347
348 file = g_strdup(filename);
349
350 /* Parse a trailing ":readahead=#:" param, if present. */
351 ra = file + strlen(file) - 1;
352 while (ra >= file) {
353 if (parse_state == 0) {
354 if (*ra == ':') {
355 parse_state++;
356 } else {
357 break;
358 }
359 } else if (parse_state == 1) {
360 if (*ra > '9' || *ra < '0') {
361 char *opt_start = ra - strlen(RA_OPTSTR) + 1;
362 if (opt_start > file &&
363 strncmp(opt_start, RA_OPTSTR, strlen(RA_OPTSTR)) == 0) {
364 ra_val = ra + 1;
365 ra -= strlen(RA_OPTSTR) - 1;
366 *ra = '\0';
367 qdict_put(options, "readahead", qstring_from_str(ra_val));
368 }
369 break;
370 }
371 }
372 ra--;
373 }
374
375 qdict_put(options, "url", qstring_from_str(file));
376
377 g_free(file);
378 }
379
380 static QemuOptsList runtime_opts = {
381 .name = "curl",
382 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(runtime_opts.head),
383 .desc = {
384 {
385 .name = "url",
386 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
387 .help = "URL to open",
388 },
389 {
390 .name = "readahead",
391 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
392 .help = "Readahead size",
393 },
394 { /* end of list */ }
395 },
396 };
397
398 static int curl_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
399 Error **errp)
400 {
401 BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
402 CURLState *state = NULL;
403 QemuOpts *opts;
404 Error *local_err = NULL;
405 const char *file;
406 double d;
407
408 static int inited = 0;
409
410 if (flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) {
411 qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR,
412 "curl block device does not support writes");
413 return -EROFS;
414 }
415
416 opts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(&runtime_opts);
417 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
418 if (error_is_set(&local_err)) {
419 qerror_report_err(local_err);
420 error_free(local_err);
421 goto out_noclean;
422 }
423
424 s->readahead_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "readahead", READ_AHEAD_SIZE);
425 if ((s->readahead_size & 0x1ff) != 0) {
426 fprintf(stderr, "HTTP_READAHEAD_SIZE %zd is not a multiple of 512\n",
427 s->readahead_size);
428 goto out_noclean;
429 }
430
431 file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "url");
432 if (file == NULL) {
433 qerror_report(ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR, "curl block driver requires "
434 "an 'url' option");
435 goto out_noclean;
436 }
437
438 if (!inited) {
439 curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
440 inited = 1;
441 }
442
443 DPRINTF("CURL: Opening %s\n", file);
444 s->url = g_strdup(file);
445 state = curl_init_state(s);
446 if (!state)
447 goto out_noclean;
448
449 // Get file size
450
451 s->accept_range = false;
452 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1);
453 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION,
454 curl_header_cb);
455 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_HEADERDATA, s);
456 if (curl_easy_perform(state->curl))
457 goto out;
458 curl_easy_getinfo(state->curl, CURLINFO_CONTENT_LENGTH_DOWNLOAD, &d);
459 if (d)
460 s->len = (size_t)d;
461 else if(!s->len)
462 goto out;
463 if ((!strncasecmp(s->url, "http://", strlen("http://"))
464 || !strncasecmp(s->url, "https://", strlen("https://")))
465 && !s->accept_range) {
466 pstrcpy(state->errmsg, CURL_ERROR_SIZE,
467 "Server does not support 'range' (byte ranges).");
468 goto out;
469 }
470 DPRINTF("CURL: Size = %zd\n", s->len);
471
472 curl_clean_state(state);
473 curl_easy_cleanup(state->curl);
474 state->curl = NULL;
475
476 // Now we know the file exists and its size, so let's
477 // initialize the multi interface!
478
479 s->multi = curl_multi_init();
480 curl_multi_setopt(s->multi, CURLMOPT_SOCKETDATA, s);
481 curl_multi_setopt(s->multi, CURLMOPT_SOCKETFUNCTION, curl_sock_cb);
482 curl_multi_do(s);
483
484 qemu_opts_del(opts);
485 return 0;
486
487 out:
488 fprintf(stderr, "CURL: Error opening file: %s\n", state->errmsg);
489 curl_easy_cleanup(state->curl);
490 state->curl = NULL;
491 out_noclean:
492 g_free(s->url);
493 qemu_opts_del(opts);
494 return -EINVAL;
495 }
496
497 static void curl_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *blockacb)
498 {
499 // Do we have to implement canceling? Seems to work without...
500 }
501
502 static const AIOCBInfo curl_aiocb_info = {
503 .aiocb_size = sizeof(CURLAIOCB),
504 .cancel = curl_aio_cancel,
505 };
506
507
508 static void curl_readv_bh_cb(void *p)
509 {
510 CURLState *state;
511
512 CURLAIOCB *acb = p;
513 BDRVCURLState *s = acb->common.bs->opaque;
514
515 qemu_bh_delete(acb->bh);
516 acb->bh = NULL;
517
518 size_t start = acb->sector_num * SECTOR_SIZE;
519 size_t end;
520
521 // In case we have the requested data already (e.g. read-ahead),
522 // we can just call the callback and be done.
523 switch (curl_find_buf(s, start, acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE, acb)) {
524 case FIND_RET_OK:
525 qemu_aio_release(acb);
526 // fall through
527 case FIND_RET_WAIT:
528 return;
529 default:
530 break;
531 }
532
533 // No cache found, so let's start a new request
534 state = curl_init_state(s);
535 if (!state) {
536 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, -EIO);
537 qemu_aio_release(acb);
538 return;
539 }
540
541 acb->start = 0;
542 acb->end = (acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE);
543
544 state->buf_off = 0;
545 if (state->orig_buf)
546 g_free(state->orig_buf);
547 state->buf_start = start;
548 state->buf_len = acb->end + s->readahead_size;
549 end = MIN(start + state->buf_len, s->len) - 1;
550 state->orig_buf = g_malloc(state->buf_len);
551 state->acb[0] = acb;
552
553 snprintf(state->range, 127, "%zd-%zd", start, end);
554 DPRINTF("CURL (AIO): Reading %d at %zd (%s)\n",
555 (acb->nb_sectors * SECTOR_SIZE), start, state->range);
556 curl_easy_setopt(state->curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, state->range);
557
558 curl_multi_add_handle(s->multi, state->curl);
559 curl_multi_do(s);
560
561 }
562
563 static BlockDriverAIOCB *curl_aio_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
564 int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
565 BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
566 {
567 CURLAIOCB *acb;
568
569 acb = qemu_aio_get(&curl_aiocb_info, bs, cb, opaque);
570
571 acb->qiov = qiov;
572 acb->sector_num = sector_num;
573 acb->nb_sectors = nb_sectors;
574
575 acb->bh = qemu_bh_new(curl_readv_bh_cb, acb);
576 qemu_bh_schedule(acb->bh);
577 return &acb->common;
578 }
579
580 static void curl_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
581 {
582 BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
583 int i;
584
585 DPRINTF("CURL: Close\n");
586 for (i=0; i<CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
587 if (s->states[i].in_use)
588 curl_clean_state(&s->states[i]);
589 if (s->states[i].curl) {
590 curl_easy_cleanup(s->states[i].curl);
591 s->states[i].curl = NULL;
592 }
593 if (s->states[i].orig_buf) {
594 g_free(s->states[i].orig_buf);
595 s->states[i].orig_buf = NULL;
596 }
597 }
598 if (s->multi)
599 curl_multi_cleanup(s->multi);
600 g_free(s->url);
601 }
602
603 static int64_t curl_getlength(BlockDriverState *bs)
604 {
605 BDRVCURLState *s = bs->opaque;
606 return s->len;
607 }
608
609 static BlockDriver bdrv_http = {
610 .format_name = "http",
611 .protocol_name = "http",
612
613 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
614 .bdrv_parse_filename = curl_parse_filename,
615 .bdrv_file_open = curl_open,
616 .bdrv_close = curl_close,
617 .bdrv_getlength = curl_getlength,
618
619 .bdrv_aio_readv = curl_aio_readv,
620 };
621
622 static BlockDriver bdrv_https = {
623 .format_name = "https",
624 .protocol_name = "https",
625
626 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
627 .bdrv_parse_filename = curl_parse_filename,
628 .bdrv_file_open = curl_open,
629 .bdrv_close = curl_close,
630 .bdrv_getlength = curl_getlength,
631
632 .bdrv_aio_readv = curl_aio_readv,
633 };
634
635 static BlockDriver bdrv_ftp = {
636 .format_name = "ftp",
637 .protocol_name = "ftp",
638
639 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
640 .bdrv_parse_filename = curl_parse_filename,
641 .bdrv_file_open = curl_open,
642 .bdrv_close = curl_close,
643 .bdrv_getlength = curl_getlength,
644
645 .bdrv_aio_readv = curl_aio_readv,
646 };
647
648 static BlockDriver bdrv_ftps = {
649 .format_name = "ftps",
650 .protocol_name = "ftps",
651
652 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
653 .bdrv_parse_filename = curl_parse_filename,
654 .bdrv_file_open = curl_open,
655 .bdrv_close = curl_close,
656 .bdrv_getlength = curl_getlength,
657
658 .bdrv_aio_readv = curl_aio_readv,
659 };
660
661 static BlockDriver bdrv_tftp = {
662 .format_name = "tftp",
663 .protocol_name = "tftp",
664
665 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVCURLState),
666 .bdrv_parse_filename = curl_parse_filename,
667 .bdrv_file_open = curl_open,
668 .bdrv_close = curl_close,
669 .bdrv_getlength = curl_getlength,
670
671 .bdrv_aio_readv = curl_aio_readv,
672 };
673
674 static void curl_block_init(void)
675 {
676 bdrv_register(&bdrv_http);
677 bdrv_register(&bdrv_https);
678 bdrv_register(&bdrv_ftp);
679 bdrv_register(&bdrv_ftps);
680 bdrv_register(&bdrv_tftp);
681 }
682
683 block_init(curl_block_init);