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1 """Implementation of JSONEncoder
2 """
3 import re
4
5 try:
6 from _json import encode_basestring_ascii as c_encode_basestring_ascii
7 except ImportError:
8 c_encode_basestring_ascii = None
9 try:
10 from _json import make_encoder as c_make_encoder
11 except ImportError:
12 c_make_encoder = None
13
14 ESCAPE = re.compile(r'[\x00-\x1f\\"\b\f\n\r\t]')
15 ESCAPE_ASCII = re.compile(r'([\\"]|[^\ -~])')
16 HAS_UTF8 = re.compile(r'[\x80-\xff]')
17 ESCAPE_DCT = {
18 '\\': '\\\\',
19 '"': '\\"',
20 '\b': '\\b',
21 '\f': '\\f',
22 '\n': '\\n',
23 '\r': '\\r',
24 '\t': '\\t',
25 }
26 for i in range(0x20):
27 ESCAPE_DCT.setdefault(chr(i), '\\u{0:04x}'.format(i))
28 #ESCAPE_DCT.setdefault(chr(i), '\\u%04x' % (i,))
29
30 # Assume this produces an infinity on all machines (probably not guaranteed)
31 INFINITY = float('1e66666')
32 FLOAT_REPR = repr
33
34 def encode_basestring(s):
35 """Return a JSON representation of a Python string
36
37 """
38 def replace(match):
39 return ESCAPE_DCT[match.group(0)]
40 return '"' + ESCAPE.sub(replace, s) + '"'
41
42
43 def py_encode_basestring_ascii(s):
44 """Return an ASCII-only JSON representation of a Python string
45
46 """
47 if isinstance(s, str) and HAS_UTF8.search(s) is not None:
48 s = s.decode('utf-8')
49 def replace(match):
50 s = match.group(0)
51 try:
52 return ESCAPE_DCT[s]
53 except KeyError:
54 n = ord(s)
55 if n < 0x10000:
56 return '\\u{0:04x}'.format(n)
57 #return '\\u%04x' % (n,)
58 else:
59 # surrogate pair
60 n -= 0x10000
61 s1 = 0xd800 | ((n >> 10) & 0x3ff)
62 s2 = 0xdc00 | (n & 0x3ff)
63 return '\\u{0:04x}\\u{1:04x}'.format(s1, s2)
64 #return '\\u%04x\\u%04x' % (s1, s2)
65 return '"' + str(ESCAPE_ASCII.sub(replace, s)) + '"'
66
67
68 encode_basestring_ascii = (
69 c_encode_basestring_ascii or py_encode_basestring_ascii)
70
71 class JSONEncoder(object):
72 """Extensible JSON <http://json.org> encoder for Python data structures.
73
74 Supports the following objects and types by default:
75
76 +-------------------+---------------+
77 | Python | JSON |
78 +===================+===============+
79 | dict | object |
80 +-------------------+---------------+
81 | list, tuple | array |
82 +-------------------+---------------+
83 | str, unicode | string |
84 +-------------------+---------------+
85 | int, long, float | number |
86 +-------------------+---------------+
87 | True | true |
88 +-------------------+---------------+
89 | False | false |
90 +-------------------+---------------+
91 | None | null |
92 +-------------------+---------------+
93
94 To extend this to recognize other objects, subclass and implement a
95 ``.default()`` method with another method that returns a serializable
96 object for ``o`` if possible, otherwise it should call the superclass
97 implementation (to raise ``TypeError``).
98
99 """
100 item_separator = ', '
101 key_separator = ': '
102 def __init__(self, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True,
103 check_circular=True, allow_nan=True, sort_keys=False,
104 indent=None, separators=None, encoding='utf-8', default=None):
105 """Constructor for JSONEncoder, with sensible defaults.
106
107 If skipkeys is false, then it is a TypeError to attempt
108 encoding of keys that are not str, int, long, float or None. If
109 skipkeys is True, such items are simply skipped.
110
111 If ensure_ascii is true, the output is guaranteed to be str
112 objects with all incoming unicode characters escaped. If
113 ensure_ascii is false, the output will be unicode object.
114
115 If check_circular is true, then lists, dicts, and custom encoded
116 objects will be checked for circular references during encoding to
117 prevent an infinite recursion (which would cause an OverflowError).
118 Otherwise, no such check takes place.
119
120 If allow_nan is true, then NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity will be
121 encoded as such. This behavior is not JSON specification compliant,
122 but is consistent with most JavaScript based encoders and decoders.
123 Otherwise, it will be a ValueError to encode such floats.
124
125 If sort_keys is true, then the output of dictionaries will be
126 sorted by key; this is useful for regression tests to ensure
127 that JSON serializations can be compared on a day-to-day basis.
128
129 If indent is a non-negative integer, then JSON array
130 elements and object members will be pretty-printed with that
131 indent level. An indent level of 0 will only insert newlines.
132 None is the most compact representation.
133
134 If specified, separators should be a (item_separator, key_separator)
135 tuple. The default is (', ', ': '). To get the most compact JSON
136 representation you should specify (',', ':') to eliminate whitespace.
137
138 If specified, default is a function that gets called for objects
139 that can't otherwise be serialized. It should return a JSON encodable
140 version of the object or raise a ``TypeError``.
141
142 If encoding is not None, then all input strings will be
143 transformed into unicode using that encoding prior to JSON-encoding.
144 The default is UTF-8.
145
146 """
147
148 self.skipkeys = skipkeys
149 self.ensure_ascii = ensure_ascii
150 self.check_circular = check_circular
151 self.allow_nan = allow_nan
152 self.sort_keys = sort_keys
153 self.indent = indent
154 if separators is not None:
155 self.item_separator, self.key_separator = separators
156 if default is not None:
157 self.default = default
158 self.encoding = encoding
159
160 def default(self, o):
161 """Implement this method in a subclass such that it returns
162 a serializable object for ``o``, or calls the base implementation
163 (to raise a ``TypeError``).
164
165 For example, to support arbitrary iterators, you could
166 implement default like this::
167
168 def default(self, o):
169 try:
170 iterable = iter(o)
171 except TypeError:
172 pass
173 else:
174 return list(iterable)
175 return JSONEncoder.default(self, o)
176
177 """
178 raise TypeError(repr(o) + " is not JSON serializable")
179
180 def encode(self, o):
181 """Return a JSON string representation of a Python data structure.
182
183 >>> JSONEncoder().encode({"foo": ["bar", "baz"]})
184 '{"foo": ["bar", "baz"]}'
185
186 """
187 # This is for extremely simple cases and benchmarks.
188 if isinstance(o, basestring):
189 if isinstance(o, str):
190 _encoding = self.encoding
191 if (_encoding is not None
192 and not (_encoding == 'utf-8')):
193 o = o.decode(_encoding)
194 if self.ensure_ascii:
195 return encode_basestring_ascii(o)
196 else:
197 return encode_basestring(o)
198 # This doesn't pass the iterator directly to ''.join() because the
199 # exceptions aren't as detailed. The list call should be roughly
200 # equivalent to the PySequence_Fast that ''.join() would do.
201 chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
202 if not isinstance(chunks, (list, tuple)):
203 chunks = list(chunks)
204 return ''.join(chunks)
205
206 def iterencode(self, o, _one_shot=False):
207 """Encode the given object and yield each string
208 representation as available.
209
210 For example::
211
212 for chunk in JSONEncoder().iterencode(bigobject):
213 mysocket.write(chunk)
214
215 """
216 if self.check_circular:
217 markers = {}
218 else:
219 markers = None
220 if self.ensure_ascii:
221 _encoder = encode_basestring_ascii
222 else:
223 _encoder = encode_basestring
224 if self.encoding != 'utf-8':
225 def _encoder(o, _orig_encoder=_encoder, _encoding=self.encoding):
226 if isinstance(o, str):
227 o = o.decode(_encoding)
228 return _orig_encoder(o)
229
230 def floatstr(o, allow_nan=self.allow_nan,
231 _repr=FLOAT_REPR, _inf=INFINITY, _neginf=-INFINITY):
232 # Check for specials. Note that this type of test is processor
233 # and/or platform-specific, so do tests which don't depend on the
234 # internals.
235
236 if o != o:
237 text = 'NaN'
238 elif o == _inf:
239 text = 'Infinity'
240 elif o == _neginf:
241 text = '-Infinity'
242 else:
243 return _repr(o)
244
245 if not allow_nan:
246 raise ValueError(
247 "Out of range float values are not JSON compliant: " +
248 repr(o))
249
250 return text
251
252
253 if (_one_shot and c_make_encoder is not None
254 and self.indent is None and not self.sort_keys):
255 _iterencode = c_make_encoder(
256 markers, self.default, _encoder, self.indent,
257 self.key_separator, self.item_separator, self.sort_keys,
258 self.skipkeys, self.allow_nan)
259 else:
260 _iterencode = _make_iterencode(
261 markers, self.default, _encoder, self.indent, floatstr,
262 self.key_separator, self.item_separator, self.sort_keys,
263 self.skipkeys, _one_shot)
264 return _iterencode(o, 0)
265
266 def _make_iterencode(markers, _default, _encoder, _indent, _floatstr,
267 _key_separator, _item_separator, _sort_keys, _skipkeys, _one_shot,
268 ## HACK: hand-optimized bytecode; turn globals into locals
269 ValueError=ValueError,
270 basestring=basestring,
271 dict=dict,
272 float=float,
273 id=id,
274 int=int,
275 isinstance=isinstance,
276 list=list,
277 long=long,
278 str=str,
279 tuple=tuple,
280 ):
281
282 def _iterencode_list(lst, _current_indent_level):
283 if not lst:
284 yield '[]'
285 return
286 if markers is not None:
287 markerid = id(lst)
288 if markerid in markers:
289 raise ValueError("Circular reference detected")
290 markers[markerid] = lst
291 buf = '['
292 if _indent is not None:
293 _current_indent_level += 1
294 newline_indent = '\n' + (' ' * (_indent * _current_indent_level))
295 separator = _item_separator + newline_indent
296 buf += newline_indent
297 else:
298 newline_indent = None
299 separator = _item_separator
300 first = True
301 for value in lst:
302 if first:
303 first = False
304 else:
305 buf = separator
306 if isinstance(value, basestring):
307 yield buf + _encoder(value)
308 elif value is None:
309 yield buf + 'null'
310 elif value is True:
311 yield buf + 'true'
312 elif value is False:
313 yield buf + 'false'
314 elif isinstance(value, (int, long)):
315 yield buf + str(value)
316 elif isinstance(value, float):
317 yield buf + _floatstr(value)
318 else:
319 yield buf
320 if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
321 chunks = _iterencode_list(value, _current_indent_level)
322 elif isinstance(value, dict):
323 chunks = _iterencode_dict(value, _current_indent_level)
324 else:
325 chunks = _iterencode(value, _current_indent_level)
326 for chunk in chunks:
327 yield chunk
328 if newline_indent is not None:
329 _current_indent_level -= 1
330 yield '\n' + (' ' * (_indent * _current_indent_level))
331 yield ']'
332 if markers is not None:
333 del markers[markerid]
334
335 def _iterencode_dict(dct, _current_indent_level):
336 if not dct:
337 yield '{}'
338 return
339 if markers is not None:
340 markerid = id(dct)
341 if markerid in markers:
342 raise ValueError("Circular reference detected")
343 markers[markerid] = dct
344 yield '{'
345 if _indent is not None:
346 _current_indent_level += 1
347 newline_indent = '\n' + (' ' * (_indent * _current_indent_level))
348 item_separator = _item_separator + newline_indent
349 yield newline_indent
350 else:
351 newline_indent = None
352 item_separator = _item_separator
353 first = True
354 if _sort_keys:
355 items = sorted(dct.items(), key=lambda kv: kv[0])
356 else:
357 items = dct.iteritems()
358 for key, value in items:
359 if isinstance(key, basestring):
360 pass
361 # JavaScript is weakly typed for these, so it makes sense to
362 # also allow them. Many encoders seem to do something like this.
363 elif isinstance(key, float):
364 key = _floatstr(key)
365 elif key is True:
366 key = 'true'
367 elif key is False:
368 key = 'false'
369 elif key is None:
370 key = 'null'
371 elif isinstance(key, (int, long)):
372 key = str(key)
373 elif _skipkeys:
374 continue
375 else:
376 raise TypeError("key " + repr(key) + " is not a string")
377 if first:
378 first = False
379 else:
380 yield item_separator
381 yield _encoder(key)
382 yield _key_separator
383 if isinstance(value, basestring):
384 yield _encoder(value)
385 elif value is None:
386 yield 'null'
387 elif value is True:
388 yield 'true'
389 elif value is False:
390 yield 'false'
391 elif isinstance(value, (int, long)):
392 yield str(value)
393 elif isinstance(value, float):
394 yield _floatstr(value)
395 else:
396 if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
397 chunks = _iterencode_list(value, _current_indent_level)
398 elif isinstance(value, dict):
399 chunks = _iterencode_dict(value, _current_indent_level)
400 else:
401 chunks = _iterencode(value, _current_indent_level)
402 for chunk in chunks:
403 yield chunk
404 if newline_indent is not None:
405 _current_indent_level -= 1
406 yield '\n' + (' ' * (_indent * _current_indent_level))
407 yield '}'
408 if markers is not None:
409 del markers[markerid]
410
411 def _iterencode(o, _current_indent_level):
412 if isinstance(o, basestring):
413 yield _encoder(o)
414 elif o is None:
415 yield 'null'
416 elif o is True:
417 yield 'true'
418 elif o is False:
419 yield 'false'
420 elif isinstance(o, (int, long)):
421 yield str(o)
422 elif isinstance(o, float):
423 yield _floatstr(o)
424 elif isinstance(o, (list, tuple)):
425 for chunk in _iterencode_list(o, _current_indent_level):
426 yield chunk
427 elif isinstance(o, dict):
428 for chunk in _iterencode_dict(o, _current_indent_level):
429 yield chunk
430 else:
431 if markers is not None:
432 markerid = id(o)
433 if markerid in markers:
434 raise ValueError("Circular reference detected")
435 markers[markerid] = o
436 o = _default(o)
437 for chunk in _iterencode(o, _current_indent_level):
438 yield chunk
439 if markers is not None:
440 del markers[markerid]
441
442 return _iterencode