]>
git.proxmox.com Git - mirror_edk2.git/blob - AppPkg/Applications/Python/Python-2.7.2/Lib/test/test_urllib2.py
2 from test
import test_support
9 from urllib2
import Request
, OpenerDirector
13 # CacheFTPHandler (hard to write)
14 # parse_keqv_list, parse_http_list, HTTPDigestAuthHandler
16 class TrivialTests(unittest
.TestCase
):
17 def test_trivial(self
):
18 # A couple trivial tests
20 self
.assertRaises(ValueError, urllib2
.urlopen
, 'bogus url')
22 # XXX Name hacking to get this to work on Windows.
23 fname
= os
.path
.abspath(urllib2
.__file__
).replace('\\', '/')
25 # And more hacking to get it to work on MacOS. This assumes
26 # urllib.pathname2url works, unfortunately...
27 if os
.name
== 'riscos':
29 fname
= os
.expand(fname
)
30 fname
= fname
.translate(string
.maketrans("/.", "./"))
33 file_url
= "file:///%s" % fname
35 file_url
= "file://%s" % fname
37 f
= urllib2
.urlopen(file_url
)
42 def test_parse_http_list(self
):
43 tests
= [('a,b,c', ['a', 'b', 'c']),
44 ('path"o,l"og"i"cal, example', ['path"o,l"og"i"cal', 'example']),
45 ('a, b, "c", "d", "e,f", g, h', ['a', 'b', '"c"', '"d"', '"e,f"', 'g', 'h']),
46 ('a="b\\"c", d="e\\,f", g="h\\\\i"', ['a="b"c"', 'd="e,f"', 'g="h\\i"'])]
47 for string
, list in tests
:
48 self
.assertEqual(urllib2
.parse_http_list(string
), list)
51 def test_request_headers_dict():
53 The Request.headers dictionary is not a documented interface. It should
54 stay that way, because the complete set of headers are only accessible
55 through the .get_header(), .has_header(), .header_items() interface.
56 However, .headers pre-dates those methods, and so real code will be using
59 The introduction in 2.4 of those methods was a mistake for the same reason:
60 code that previously saw all (urllib2 user)-provided headers in .headers
61 now sees only a subset (and the function interface is ugly and incomplete).
62 A better change would have been to replace .headers dict with a dict
63 subclass (or UserDict.DictMixin instance?) that preserved the .headers
64 interface and also provided access to the "unredirected" headers. It's
65 probably too late to fix that, though.
68 Check .capitalize() case normalization:
70 >>> url = "http://example.com"
71 >>> Request(url, headers={"Spam-eggs": "blah"}).headers["Spam-eggs"]
73 >>> Request(url, headers={"spam-EggS": "blah"}).headers["Spam-eggs"]
76 Currently, Request(url, "Spam-eggs").headers["Spam-Eggs"] raises KeyError,
77 but that could be changed in future.
81 def test_request_headers_methods():
83 Note the case normalization of header names here, to .capitalize()-case.
84 This should be preserved for backwards-compatibility. (In the HTTP case,
85 normalization to .title()-case is done by urllib2 before sending headers to
88 >>> url = "http://example.com"
89 >>> r = Request(url, headers={"Spam-eggs": "blah"})
90 >>> r.has_header("Spam-eggs")
93 [('Spam-eggs', 'blah')]
94 >>> r.add_header("Foo-Bar", "baz")
95 >>> items = r.header_items()
98 [('Foo-bar', 'baz'), ('Spam-eggs', 'blah')]
100 Note that e.g. r.has_header("spam-EggS") is currently False, and
101 r.get_header("spam-EggS") returns None, but that could be changed in
104 >>> r.has_header("Not-there")
106 >>> print r.get_header("Not-there")
108 >>> r.get_header("Not-there", "default")
114 def test_password_manager(self
):
116 >>> mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr()
117 >>> add = mgr.add_password
118 >>> add("Some Realm", "http://example.com/", "joe", "password")
119 >>> add("Some Realm", "http://example.com/ni", "ni", "ni")
120 >>> add("c", "http://example.com/foo", "foo", "ni")
121 >>> add("c", "http://example.com/bar", "bar", "nini")
122 >>> add("b", "http://example.com/", "first", "blah")
123 >>> add("b", "http://example.com/", "second", "spam")
124 >>> add("a", "http://example.com", "1", "a")
125 >>> add("Some Realm", "http://c.example.com:3128", "3", "c")
126 >>> add("Some Realm", "d.example.com", "4", "d")
127 >>> add("Some Realm", "e.example.com:3128", "5", "e")
129 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "example.com")
131 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com")
133 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/")
135 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/spam")
137 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/spam/spam")
139 >>> mgr.find_user_password("c", "http://example.com/foo")
141 >>> mgr.find_user_password("c", "http://example.com/bar")
144 Actually, this is really undefined ATM
145 ## Currently, we use the highest-level path where more than one match:
147 ## >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://example.com/ni")
148 ## ('joe', 'password')
150 Use latest add_password() in case of conflict:
152 >>> mgr.find_user_password("b", "http://example.com/")
155 No special relationship between a.example.com and example.com:
157 >>> mgr.find_user_password("a", "http://example.com/")
159 >>> mgr.find_user_password("a", "http://a.example.com/")
164 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "c.example.com")
166 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "c.example.com:3128")
168 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "http://c.example.com:3128")
170 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "d.example.com")
172 >>> mgr.find_user_password("Some Realm", "e.example.com:3128")
179 def test_password_manager_default_port(self
):
181 >>> mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr()
182 >>> add = mgr.add_password
184 The point to note here is that we can't guess the default port if there's
185 no scheme. This applies to both add_password and find_user_password.
187 >>> add("f", "http://g.example.com:80", "10", "j")
188 >>> add("g", "http://h.example.com", "11", "k")
189 >>> add("h", "i.example.com:80", "12", "l")
190 >>> add("i", "j.example.com", "13", "m")
191 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com:100")
193 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com:80")
195 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "g.example.com")
197 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com:100")
199 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com:80")
201 >>> mgr.find_user_password("f", "http://g.example.com")
203 >>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "h.example.com")
205 >>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "h.example.com:80")
207 >>> mgr.find_user_password("g", "http://h.example.com:80")
209 >>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "i.example.com")
211 >>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "i.example.com:80")
213 >>> mgr.find_user_password("h", "http://i.example.com:80")
215 >>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "j.example.com")
217 >>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "j.example.com:80")
219 >>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "http://j.example.com")
221 >>> mgr.find_user_password("i", "http://j.example.com:80")
228 def open(self
, req
, data
=None,timeout
=socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
):
229 self
.req
, self
.data
, self
.timeout
= req
, data
, timeout
230 def error(self
, proto
, *args
):
231 self
.proto
, self
.args
= proto
, args
234 def read(self
, count
=None): pass
235 def readline(self
, count
=None): pass
236 def close(self
): pass
238 class MockHeaders(dict):
239 def getheaders(self
, name
):
242 class MockResponse(StringIO
.StringIO
):
243 def __init__(self
, code
, msg
, headers
, data
, url
=None):
244 StringIO
.StringIO
.__init
__(self
, data
)
245 self
.code
, self
.msg
, self
.headers
, self
.url
= code
, msg
, headers
, url
252 def add_cookie_header(self
, request
):
253 self
.ach_req
= request
254 def extract_cookies(self
, response
, request
):
255 self
.ec_req
, self
.ec_r
= request
, response
258 def __init__(self
, meth_name
, action
, handle
):
259 self
.meth_name
= meth_name
262 def __call__(self
, *args
):
263 return self
.handle(self
.meth_name
, self
.action
, *args
)
265 class MockHTTPResponse
:
266 def __init__(self
, fp
, msg
, status
, reason
):
276 self
.req_headers
= []
278 self
.raise_on_endheaders
= False
279 self
._tunnel
_headers
= {}
281 def __call__(self
, host
, timeout
=socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
):
283 self
.timeout
= timeout
286 def set_debuglevel(self
, level
):
289 def set_tunnel(self
, host
, port
=None, headers
=None):
290 self
._tunnel
_host
= host
291 self
._tunnel
_port
= port
293 self
._tunnel
_headers
= headers
295 self
._tunnel
_headers
.clear()
296 def request(self
, method
, url
, body
=None, headers
=None):
299 if headers
is not None:
300 self
.req_headers
+= headers
.items()
301 self
.req_headers
.sort()
304 if self
.raise_on_endheaders
:
307 def getresponse(self
):
308 return MockHTTPResponse(MockFile(), {}, 200, "OK")
311 # useful for testing handler machinery
312 # see add_ordered_mock_handlers() docstring
314 def __init__(self
, methods
):
315 self
._define
_methods
(methods
)
316 def _define_methods(self
, methods
):
318 if len(spec
) == 2: name
, action
= spec
319 else: name
, action
= spec
, None
320 meth
= FakeMethod(name
, action
, self
.handle
)
321 setattr(self
.__class
__, name
, meth
)
322 def handle(self
, fn_name
, action
, *args
, **kwds
):
323 self
.parent
.calls
.append((self
, fn_name
, args
, kwds
))
326 elif action
== "return self":
328 elif action
== "return response":
329 res
= MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
331 elif action
== "return request":
332 return Request("http://blah/")
333 elif action
.startswith("error"):
334 code
= action
[action
.rfind(" ")+1:]
339 res
= MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
340 return self
.parent
.error("http", args
[0], res
, code
, "", {})
341 elif action
== "raise":
342 raise urllib2
.URLError("blah")
344 def close(self
): pass
345 def add_parent(self
, parent
):
347 self
.parent
.calls
= []
348 def __lt__(self
, other
):
349 if not hasattr(other
, "handler_order"):
350 # No handler_order, leave in original order. Yuck.
352 return self
.handler_order
< other
.handler_order
354 def add_ordered_mock_handlers(opener
, meth_spec
):
355 """Create MockHandlers and add them to an OpenerDirector.
357 meth_spec: list of lists of tuples and strings defining methods to define
360 [["http_error", "ftp_open"], ["http_open"]]
362 defines methods .http_error() and .ftp_open() on one handler, and
363 .http_open() on another. These methods just record their arguments and
364 return None. Using a tuple instead of a string causes the method to
365 perform some action (see MockHandler.handle()), eg:
367 [["http_error"], [("http_open", "return request")]]
369 defines .http_error() on one handler (which simply returns None), and
370 .http_open() on another handler, which returns a Request object.
375 for meths
in meth_spec
:
376 class MockHandlerSubclass(MockHandler
): pass
377 h
= MockHandlerSubclass(meths
)
378 h
.handler_order
+= count
382 opener
.add_handler(h
)
385 def build_test_opener(*handler_instances
):
386 opener
= OpenerDirector()
387 for h
in handler_instances
:
388 opener
.add_handler(h
)
391 class MockHTTPHandler(urllib2
.BaseHandler
):
392 # useful for testing redirections and auth
393 # sends supplied headers and code as first response
394 # sends 200 OK as second response
395 def __init__(self
, code
, headers
):
397 self
.headers
= headers
402 def http_open(self
, req
):
403 import mimetools
, httplib
, copy
404 from StringIO
import StringIO
405 self
.requests
.append(copy
.deepcopy(req
))
407 self
._count
= self
._count
+ 1
408 name
= httplib
.responses
[self
.code
]
409 msg
= mimetools
.Message(StringIO(self
.headers
))
410 return self
.parent
.error(
411 "http", req
, MockFile(), self
.code
, name
, msg
)
414 msg
= mimetools
.Message(StringIO("\r\n\r\n"))
415 return MockResponse(200, "OK", msg
, "", req
.get_full_url())
417 class MockHTTPSHandler(urllib2
.AbstractHTTPHandler
):
418 # Useful for testing the Proxy-Authorization request by verifying the
419 # properties of httpcon
422 urllib2
.AbstractHTTPHandler
.__init
__(self
)
423 self
.httpconn
= MockHTTPClass()
425 def https_open(self
, req
):
426 return self
.do_open(self
.httpconn
, req
)
428 class MockPasswordManager
:
429 def add_password(self
, realm
, uri
, user
, password
):
433 self
.password
= password
434 def find_user_password(self
, realm
, authuri
):
435 self
.target_realm
= realm
436 self
.target_url
= authuri
437 return self
.user
, self
.password
440 class OpenerDirectorTests(unittest
.TestCase
):
442 def test_add_non_handler(self
):
443 class NonHandler(object):
445 self
.assertRaises(TypeError,
446 OpenerDirector().add_handler
, NonHandler())
448 def test_badly_named_methods(self
):
449 # test work-around for three methods that accidentally follow the
450 # naming conventions for handler methods
451 # (*_open() / *_request() / *_response())
453 # These used to call the accidentally-named methods, causing a
454 # TypeError in real code; here, returning self from these mock
455 # methods would either cause no exception, or AttributeError.
457 from urllib2
import URLError
461 [("do_open", "return self"), ("proxy_open", "return self")],
462 [("redirect_request", "return self")],
464 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
465 o
.add_handler(urllib2
.UnknownHandler())
466 for scheme
in "do", "proxy", "redirect":
467 self
.assertRaises(URLError
, o
.open, scheme
+"://example.com/")
469 def test_handled(self
):
470 # handler returning non-None means no more handlers will be called
473 ["http_open", "ftp_open", "http_error_302"],
475 [("http_open", "return self")],
476 [("http_open", "return self")],
478 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
480 req
= Request("http://example.com/")
482 # Second .http_open() gets called, third doesn't, since second returned
483 # non-None. Handlers without .http_open() never get any methods called
485 # In fact, second mock handler defining .http_open() returns self
486 # (instead of response), which becomes the OpenerDirector's return
488 self
.assertEqual(r
, handlers
[2])
489 calls
= [(handlers
[0], "http_open"), (handlers
[2], "http_open")]
490 for expected
, got
in zip(calls
, o
.calls
):
491 handler
, name
, args
, kwds
= got
492 self
.assertEqual((handler
, name
), expected
)
493 self
.assertEqual(args
, (req
,))
495 def test_handler_order(self
):
498 for meths
, handler_order
in [
499 ([("http_open", "return self")], 500),
502 class MockHandlerSubclass(MockHandler
): pass
503 h
= MockHandlerSubclass(meths
)
504 h
.handler_order
= handler_order
508 r
= o
.open("http://example.com/")
509 # handlers called in reverse order, thanks to their sort order
510 self
.assertEqual(o
.calls
[0][0], handlers
[1])
511 self
.assertEqual(o
.calls
[1][0], handlers
[0])
513 def test_raise(self
):
514 # raising URLError stops processing of request
517 [("http_open", "raise")],
518 [("http_open", "return self")],
520 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
522 req
= Request("http://example.com/")
523 self
.assertRaises(urllib2
.URLError
, o
.open, req
)
524 self
.assertEqual(o
.calls
, [(handlers
[0], "http_open", (req
,), {})])
526 ## def test_error(self):
527 ## # XXX this doesn't actually seem to be used in standard library,
528 ## # but should really be tested anyway...
530 def test_http_error(self
):
531 # XXX http_error_default
532 # http errors are a special case
535 [("http_open", "error 302")],
536 [("http_error_400", "raise"), "http_open"],
537 [("http_error_302", "return response"), "http_error_303",
539 [("http_error_302")],
541 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
544 def __eq__(self
, other
): return True
546 req
= Request("http://example.com/")
548 assert len(o
.calls
) == 2
549 calls
= [(handlers
[0], "http_open", (req
,)),
550 (handlers
[2], "http_error_302",
551 (req
, Unknown(), 302, "", {}))]
552 for expected
, got
in zip(calls
, o
.calls
):
553 handler
, method_name
, args
= expected
554 self
.assertEqual((handler
, method_name
), got
[:2])
555 self
.assertEqual(args
, got
[2])
557 def test_processors(self
):
558 # *_request / *_response methods get called appropriately
561 [("http_request", "return request"),
562 ("http_response", "return response")],
563 [("http_request", "return request"),
564 ("http_response", "return response")],
566 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
568 req
= Request("http://example.com/")
570 # processor methods are called on *all* handlers that define them,
571 # not just the first handler that handles the request
573 (handlers
[0], "http_request"), (handlers
[1], "http_request"),
574 (handlers
[0], "http_response"), (handlers
[1], "http_response")]
576 for i
, (handler
, name
, args
, kwds
) in enumerate(o
.calls
):
579 self
.assertEqual((handler
, name
), calls
[i
])
580 self
.assertEqual(len(args
), 1)
581 self
.assertIsInstance(args
[0], Request
)
584 self
.assertEqual((handler
, name
), calls
[i
])
585 self
.assertEqual(len(args
), 2)
586 self
.assertIsInstance(args
[0], Request
)
587 # response from opener.open is None, because there's no
588 # handler that defines http_open to handle it
589 self
.assertTrue(args
[1] is None or
590 isinstance(args
[1], MockResponse
))
593 def sanepathname2url(path
):
595 urlpath
= urllib
.pathname2url(path
)
596 if os
.name
== "nt" and urlpath
.startswith("///"):
597 urlpath
= urlpath
[2:]
598 # XXX don't ask me about the mac...
601 class HandlerTests(unittest
.TestCase
):
604 class MockFTPWrapper
:
605 def __init__(self
, data
): self
.data
= data
606 def retrfile(self
, filename
, filetype
):
607 self
.filename
, self
.filetype
= filename
, filetype
608 return StringIO
.StringIO(self
.data
), len(self
.data
)
610 class NullFTPHandler(urllib2
.FTPHandler
):
611 def __init__(self
, data
): self
.data
= data
612 def connect_ftp(self
, user
, passwd
, host
, port
, dirs
,
613 timeout
=socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
):
614 self
.user
, self
.passwd
= user
, passwd
615 self
.host
, self
.port
= host
, port
617 self
.ftpwrapper
= MockFTPWrapper(self
.data
)
618 return self
.ftpwrapper
621 data
= "rheum rhaponicum"
622 h
= NullFTPHandler(data
)
623 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
625 for url
, host
, port
, user
, passwd
, type_
, dirs
, filename
, mimetype
in [
626 ("ftp://localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
627 "localhost", ftplib
.FTP_PORT
, "", "", "I",
628 ["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
629 ("ftp://parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
630 "localhost", ftplib
.FTP_PORT
, "parrot", "", "I",
631 ["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
632 ("ftp://%25parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
633 "localhost", ftplib
.FTP_PORT
, "%parrot", "", "I",
634 ["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
635 ("ftp://%2542parrot@localhost/foo/bar/baz.html",
636 "localhost", ftplib
.FTP_PORT
, "%42parrot", "", "I",
637 ["foo", "bar"], "baz.html", "text/html"),
638 ("ftp://localhost:80/foo/bar/",
639 "localhost", 80, "", "", "D",
640 ["foo", "bar"], "", None),
641 ("ftp://localhost/baz.gif;type=a",
642 "localhost", ftplib
.FTP_PORT
, "", "", "A",
643 [], "baz.gif", None), # XXX really this should guess image/gif
648 # ftp authentication not yet implemented by FTPHandler
649 self
.assertEqual(h
.user
, user
)
650 self
.assertEqual(h
.passwd
, passwd
)
651 self
.assertEqual(h
.host
, socket
.gethostbyname(host
))
652 self
.assertEqual(h
.port
, port
)
653 self
.assertEqual(h
.dirs
, dirs
)
654 self
.assertEqual(h
.ftpwrapper
.filename
, filename
)
655 self
.assertEqual(h
.ftpwrapper
.filetype
, type_
)
657 self
.assertEqual(headers
.get("Content-type"), mimetype
)
658 self
.assertEqual(int(headers
["Content-length"]), len(data
))
661 import rfc822
, socket
662 h
= urllib2
.FileHandler()
663 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
665 TESTFN
= test_support
.TESTFN
666 urlpath
= sanepathname2url(os
.path
.abspath(TESTFN
))
667 towrite
= "hello, world\n"
669 "file://localhost%s" % urlpath
,
670 "file://%s" % urlpath
,
671 "file://%s%s" % (socket
.gethostbyname('localhost'), urlpath
),
674 localaddr
= socket
.gethostbyname(socket
.gethostname())
675 except socket
.gaierror
:
678 urls
.append("file://%s%s" % (localaddr
, urlpath
))
681 f
= open(TESTFN
, "wb")
688 r
= h
.file_open(Request(url
))
695 stats
= os
.stat(TESTFN
)
696 modified
= rfc822
.formatdate(stats
.st_mtime
)
699 self
.assertEqual(data
, towrite
)
700 self
.assertEqual(headers
["Content-type"], "text/plain")
701 self
.assertEqual(headers
["Content-length"], "13")
702 self
.assertEqual(headers
["Last-modified"], modified
)
703 self
.assertEqual(respurl
, url
)
706 "file://localhost:80%s" % urlpath
,
707 "file:///file_does_not_exist.txt",
708 "file://%s:80%s/%s" % (socket
.gethostbyname('localhost'),
709 os
.getcwd(), TESTFN
),
710 "file://somerandomhost.ontheinternet.com%s/%s" %
711 (os
.getcwd(), TESTFN
),
714 f
= open(TESTFN
, "wb")
720 self
.assertRaises(urllib2
.URLError
,
721 h
.file_open
, Request(url
))
725 h
= urllib2
.FileHandler()
726 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
727 # XXXX why does // mean ftp (and /// mean not ftp!), and where
728 # is file: scheme specified? I think this is really a bug, and
729 # what was intended was to distinguish between URLs like:
730 # file:/blah.txt (a file)
731 # file://localhost/blah.txt (a file)
732 # file:///blah.txt (a file)
733 # file://ftp.example.com/blah.txt (an ftp URL)
735 ("file://ftp.example.com//foo.txt", True),
736 ("file://ftp.example.com///foo.txt", False),
737 # XXXX bug: fails with OSError, should be URLError
738 ("file://ftp.example.com/foo.txt", False),
739 ("file://somehost//foo/something.txt", True),
740 ("file://localhost//foo/something.txt", False),
745 # XXXX remove OSError when bug fixed
746 except (urllib2
.URLError
, OSError):
747 self
.assertTrue(not ftp
)
749 self
.assertTrue(o
.req
is req
)
750 self
.assertEqual(req
.type, "ftp")
751 self
.assertEqual(req
.type == "ftp", ftp
)
755 h
= urllib2
.AbstractHTTPHandler()
756 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
758 url
= "http://example.com/"
759 for method
, data
in [("GET", None), ("POST", "blah")]:
760 req
= Request(url
, data
, {"Foo": "bar"})
762 req
.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "eggs")
763 http
= MockHTTPClass()
764 r
= h
.do_open(http
, req
)
767 r
.read
; r
.readline
# wrapped MockFile methods
768 r
.info
; r
.geturl
# addinfourl methods
769 r
.code
, r
.msg
== 200, "OK" # added from MockHTTPClass.getreply()
771 hdrs
.get
; hdrs
.has_key
# r.info() gives dict from .getreply()
772 self
.assertEqual(r
.geturl(), url
)
774 self
.assertEqual(http
.host
, "example.com")
775 self
.assertEqual(http
.level
, 0)
776 self
.assertEqual(http
.method
, method
)
777 self
.assertEqual(http
.selector
, "/")
778 self
.assertEqual(http
.req_headers
,
779 [("Connection", "close"),
780 ("Foo", "bar"), ("Spam", "eggs")])
781 self
.assertEqual(http
.data
, data
)
783 # check socket.error converted to URLError
784 http
.raise_on_endheaders
= True
785 self
.assertRaises(urllib2
.URLError
, h
.do_open
, http
, req
)
787 # check adding of standard headers
788 o
.addheaders
= [("Spam", "eggs")]
789 for data
in "", None: # POST, GET
790 req
= Request("http://example.com/", data
)
791 r
= MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
792 newreq
= h
.do_request_(req
)
793 if data
is None: # GET
794 self
.assertNotIn("Content-length", req
.unredirected_hdrs
)
795 self
.assertNotIn("Content-type", req
.unredirected_hdrs
)
797 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Content-length"], "0")
798 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Content-type"],
799 "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
800 # XXX the details of Host could be better tested
801 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Host"], "example.com")
802 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Spam"], "eggs")
804 # don't clobber existing headers
805 req
.add_unredirected_header("Content-length", "foo")
806 req
.add_unredirected_header("Content-type", "bar")
807 req
.add_unredirected_header("Host", "baz")
808 req
.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "foo")
809 newreq
= h
.do_request_(req
)
810 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Content-length"], "foo")
811 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Content-type"], "bar")
812 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Host"], "baz")
813 self
.assertEqual(req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Spam"], "foo")
815 def test_http_doubleslash(self
):
816 # Checks that the presence of an unnecessary double slash in a url doesn't break anything
817 # Previously, a double slash directly after the host could cause incorrect parsing of the url
818 h
= urllib2
.AbstractHTTPHandler()
819 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
823 "http://example.com/foo/bar/baz.html",
824 "http://example.com//foo/bar/baz.html",
825 "http://example.com/foo//bar/baz.html",
826 "http://example.com/foo/bar//baz.html",
829 for ds_url
in ds_urls
:
830 ds_req
= Request(ds_url
, data
)
832 # Check whether host is determined correctly if there is no proxy
833 np_ds_req
= h
.do_request_(ds_req
)
834 self
.assertEqual(np_ds_req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Host"],"example.com")
836 # Check whether host is determined correctly if there is a proxy
837 ds_req
.set_proxy("someproxy:3128",None)
838 p_ds_req
= h
.do_request_(ds_req
)
839 self
.assertEqual(p_ds_req
.unredirected_hdrs
["Host"],"example.com")
841 def test_fixpath_in_weirdurls(self
):
842 # Issue4493: urllib2 to supply '/' when to urls where path does not
845 h
= urllib2
.AbstractHTTPHandler()
846 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
848 weird_url
= 'http://www.python.org?getspam'
849 req
= Request(weird_url
)
850 newreq
= h
.do_request_(req
)
851 self
.assertEqual(newreq
.get_host(),'www.python.org')
852 self
.assertEqual(newreq
.get_selector(),'/?getspam')
854 url_without_path
= 'http://www.python.org'
855 req
= Request(url_without_path
)
856 newreq
= h
.do_request_(req
)
857 self
.assertEqual(newreq
.get_host(),'www.python.org')
858 self
.assertEqual(newreq
.get_selector(),'')
860 def test_errors(self
):
861 h
= urllib2
.HTTPErrorProcessor()
862 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
864 url
= "http://example.com/"
866 # all 2xx are passed through
867 r
= MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "", url
)
868 newr
= h
.http_response(req
, r
)
869 self
.assertTrue(r
is newr
)
870 self
.assertTrue(not hasattr(o
, "proto")) # o.error not called
871 r
= MockResponse(202, "Accepted", {}, "", url
)
872 newr
= h
.http_response(req
, r
)
873 self
.assertTrue(r
is newr
)
874 self
.assertTrue(not hasattr(o
, "proto")) # o.error not called
875 r
= MockResponse(206, "Partial content", {}, "", url
)
876 newr
= h
.http_response(req
, r
)
877 self
.assertTrue(r
is newr
)
878 self
.assertTrue(not hasattr(o
, "proto")) # o.error not called
879 # anything else calls o.error (and MockOpener returns None, here)
880 r
= MockResponse(502, "Bad gateway", {}, "", url
)
881 self
.assertTrue(h
.http_response(req
, r
) is None)
882 self
.assertEqual(o
.proto
, "http") # o.error called
883 self
.assertEqual(o
.args
, (req
, r
, 502, "Bad gateway", {}))
885 def test_cookies(self
):
887 h
= urllib2
.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj
)
888 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
890 req
= Request("http://example.com/")
891 r
= MockResponse(200, "OK", {}, "")
892 newreq
= h
.http_request(req
)
893 self
.assertTrue(cj
.ach_req
is req
is newreq
)
894 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_origin_req_host(), "example.com")
895 self
.assertTrue(not req
.is_unverifiable())
896 newr
= h
.http_response(req
, r
)
897 self
.assertTrue(cj
.ec_req
is req
)
898 self
.assertTrue(cj
.ec_r
is r
is newr
)
900 def test_redirect(self
):
901 from_url
= "http://example.com/a.html"
902 to_url
= "http://example.com/b.html"
903 h
= urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler()
904 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
906 # ordinary redirect behaviour
907 for code
in 301, 302, 303, 307:
908 for data
in None, "blah\nblah\n":
909 method
= getattr(h
, "http_error_%s" % code
)
910 req
= Request(from_url
, data
)
911 req
.add_header("Nonsense", "viking=withhold")
912 req
.timeout
= socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
914 req
.add_header("Content-Length", str(len(data
)))
915 req
.add_unredirected_header("Spam", "spam")
917 method(req
, MockFile(), code
, "Blah",
918 MockHeaders({"location": to_url
}))
919 except urllib2
.HTTPError
:
920 # 307 in response to POST requires user OK
921 self
.assertTrue(code
== 307 and data
is not None)
922 self
.assertEqual(o
.req
.get_full_url(), to_url
)
924 self
.assertEqual(o
.req
.get_method(), "GET")
925 except AttributeError:
926 self
.assertTrue(not o
.req
.has_data())
928 # now it's a GET, there should not be headers regarding content
929 # (possibly dragged from before being a POST)
930 headers
= [x
.lower() for x
in o
.req
.headers
]
931 self
.assertNotIn("content-length", headers
)
932 self
.assertNotIn("content-type", headers
)
934 self
.assertEqual(o
.req
.headers
["Nonsense"],
936 self
.assertNotIn("Spam", o
.req
.headers
)
937 self
.assertNotIn("Spam", o
.req
.unredirected_hdrs
)
940 req
= Request(from_url
)
941 req
.timeout
= socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
942 def redirect(h
, req
, url
=to_url
):
943 h
.http_error_302(req
, MockFile(), 302, "Blah",
944 MockHeaders({"location": url
}))
945 # Note that the *original* request shares the same record of
946 # redirections with the sub-requests caused by the redirections.
948 # detect infinite loop redirect of a URL to itself
949 req
= Request(from_url
, origin_req_host
="example.com")
951 req
.timeout
= socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
954 redirect(h
, req
, "http://example.com/")
956 except urllib2
.HTTPError
:
957 # don't stop until max_repeats, because cookies may introduce state
958 self
.assertEqual(count
, urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler
.max_repeats
)
960 # detect endless non-repeating chain of redirects
961 req
= Request(from_url
, origin_req_host
="example.com")
963 req
.timeout
= socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
966 redirect(h
, req
, "http://example.com/%d" % count
)
968 except urllib2
.HTTPError
:
969 self
.assertEqual(count
,
970 urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler
.max_redirections
)
972 def test_invalid_redirect(self
):
973 from_url
= "http://example.com/a.html"
974 valid_schemes
= ['http', 'https', 'ftp']
975 invalid_schemes
= ['file', 'imap', 'ldap']
976 schemeless_url
= "example.com/b.html"
977 h
= urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler()
978 o
= h
.parent
= MockOpener()
979 req
= Request(from_url
)
980 req
.timeout
= socket
._GLOBAL
_DEFAULT
_TIMEOUT
982 for scheme
in invalid_schemes
:
983 invalid_url
= scheme
+ '://' + schemeless_url
984 self
.assertRaises(urllib2
.HTTPError
, h
.http_error_302
,
985 req
, MockFile(), 302, "Security Loophole",
986 MockHeaders({"location": invalid_url
}))
988 for scheme
in valid_schemes
:
989 valid_url
= scheme
+ '://' + schemeless_url
990 h
.http_error_302(req
, MockFile(), 302, "That's fine",
991 MockHeaders({"location": valid_url
}))
992 self
.assertEqual(o
.req
.get_full_url(), valid_url
)
994 def test_cookie_redirect(self
):
995 # cookies shouldn't leak into redirected requests
996 from cookielib
import CookieJar
998 from test
.test_cookielib
import interact_netscape
1001 interact_netscape(cj
, "http://www.example.com/", "spam=eggs")
1002 hh
= MockHTTPHandler(302, "Location: http://www.cracker.com/\r\n\r\n")
1003 hdeh
= urllib2
.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler()
1004 hrh
= urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler()
1005 cp
= urllib2
.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj
)
1006 o
= build_test_opener(hh
, hdeh
, hrh
, cp
)
1007 o
.open("http://www.example.com/")
1008 self
.assertTrue(not hh
.req
.has_header("Cookie"))
1010 def test_redirect_fragment(self
):
1011 redirected_url
= 'http://www.example.com/index.html#OK\r\n\r\n'
1012 hh
= MockHTTPHandler(302, 'Location: ' + redirected_url
)
1013 hdeh
= urllib2
.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler()
1014 hrh
= urllib2
.HTTPRedirectHandler()
1015 o
= build_test_opener(hh
, hdeh
, hrh
)
1016 fp
= o
.open('http://www.example.com')
1017 self
.assertEqual(fp
.geturl(), redirected_url
.strip())
1019 def test_proxy(self
):
1020 o
= OpenerDirector()
1021 ph
= urllib2
.ProxyHandler(dict(http
="proxy.example.com:3128"))
1024 [("http_open", "return response")]
1026 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
1028 req
= Request("http://acme.example.com/")
1029 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "acme.example.com")
1031 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
1033 self
.assertEqual([(handlers
[0], "http_open")],
1034 [tup
[0:2] for tup
in o
.calls
])
1036 def test_proxy_no_proxy(self
):
1037 os
.environ
['no_proxy'] = 'python.org'
1038 o
= OpenerDirector()
1039 ph
= urllib2
.ProxyHandler(dict(http
="proxy.example.com"))
1041 req
= Request("http://www.perl.org/")
1042 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "www.perl.org")
1044 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "proxy.example.com")
1045 req
= Request("http://www.python.org")
1046 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "www.python.org")
1048 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "www.python.org")
1049 del os
.environ
['no_proxy']
1052 def test_proxy_https(self
):
1053 o
= OpenerDirector()
1054 ph
= urllib2
.ProxyHandler(dict(https
='proxy.example.com:3128'))
1057 [("https_open","return response")]
1059 handlers
= add_ordered_mock_handlers(o
, meth_spec
)
1060 req
= Request("https://www.example.com/")
1061 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "www.example.com")
1063 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
1064 self
.assertEqual([(handlers
[0], "https_open")],
1065 [tup
[0:2] for tup
in o
.calls
])
1067 def test_proxy_https_proxy_authorization(self
):
1068 o
= OpenerDirector()
1069 ph
= urllib2
.ProxyHandler(dict(https
='proxy.example.com:3128'))
1071 https_handler
= MockHTTPSHandler()
1072 o
.add_handler(https_handler
)
1073 req
= Request("https://www.example.com/")
1074 req
.add_header("Proxy-Authorization","FooBar")
1075 req
.add_header("User-Agent","Grail")
1076 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "www.example.com")
1077 self
.assertIsNone(req
._tunnel
_host
)
1079 # Verify Proxy-Authorization gets tunneled to request.
1080 # httpsconn req_headers do not have the Proxy-Authorization header but
1081 # the req will have.
1082 self
.assertNotIn(("Proxy-Authorization","FooBar"),
1083 https_handler
.httpconn
.req_headers
)
1084 self
.assertIn(("User-Agent","Grail"),
1085 https_handler
.httpconn
.req_headers
)
1086 self
.assertIsNotNone(req
._tunnel
_host
)
1087 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_host(), "proxy.example.com:3128")
1088 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_header("Proxy-authorization"),"FooBar")
1090 def test_basic_auth(self
, quote_char
='"'):
1091 opener
= OpenerDirector()
1092 password_manager
= MockPasswordManager()
1093 auth_handler
= urllib2
.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager
)
1094 realm
= "ACME Widget Store"
1095 http_handler
= MockHTTPHandler(
1096 401, 'WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=%s%s%s\r\n\r\n' %
1097 (quote_char
, realm
, quote_char
) )
1098 opener
.add_handler(auth_handler
)
1099 opener
.add_handler(http_handler
)
1100 self
._test
_basic
_auth
(opener
, auth_handler
, "Authorization",
1101 realm
, http_handler
, password_manager
,
1102 "http://acme.example.com/protected",
1103 "http://acme.example.com/protected",
1106 def test_basic_auth_with_single_quoted_realm(self
):
1107 self
.test_basic_auth(quote_char
="'")
1109 def test_proxy_basic_auth(self
):
1110 opener
= OpenerDirector()
1111 ph
= urllib2
.ProxyHandler(dict(http
="proxy.example.com:3128"))
1112 opener
.add_handler(ph
)
1113 password_manager
= MockPasswordManager()
1114 auth_handler
= urllib2
.ProxyBasicAuthHandler(password_manager
)
1115 realm
= "ACME Networks"
1116 http_handler
= MockHTTPHandler(
1117 407, 'Proxy-Authenticate: Basic realm="%s"\r\n\r\n' % realm
)
1118 opener
.add_handler(auth_handler
)
1119 opener
.add_handler(http_handler
)
1120 self
._test
_basic
_auth
(opener
, auth_handler
, "Proxy-authorization",
1121 realm
, http_handler
, password_manager
,
1122 "http://acme.example.com:3128/protected",
1123 "proxy.example.com:3128",
1126 def test_basic_and_digest_auth_handlers(self
):
1127 # HTTPDigestAuthHandler threw an exception if it couldn't handle a 40*
1128 # response (http://python.org/sf/1479302), where it should instead
1129 # return None to allow another handler (especially
1130 # HTTPBasicAuthHandler) to handle the response.
1132 # Also (http://python.org/sf/14797027, RFC 2617 section 1.2), we must
1133 # try digest first (since it's the strongest auth scheme), so we record
1134 # order of calls here to check digest comes first:
1135 class RecordingOpenerDirector(OpenerDirector
):
1137 OpenerDirector
.__init
__(self
)
1139 def record(self
, info
):
1140 self
.recorded
.append(info
)
1141 class TestDigestAuthHandler(urllib2
.HTTPDigestAuthHandler
):
1142 def http_error_401(self
, *args
, **kwds
):
1143 self
.parent
.record("digest")
1144 urllib2
.HTTPDigestAuthHandler
.http_error_401(self
,
1146 class TestBasicAuthHandler(urllib2
.HTTPBasicAuthHandler
):
1147 def http_error_401(self
, *args
, **kwds
):
1148 self
.parent
.record("basic")
1149 urllib2
.HTTPBasicAuthHandler
.http_error_401(self
,
1152 opener
= RecordingOpenerDirector()
1153 password_manager
= MockPasswordManager()
1154 digest_handler
= TestDigestAuthHandler(password_manager
)
1155 basic_handler
= TestBasicAuthHandler(password_manager
)
1156 realm
= "ACME Networks"
1157 http_handler
= MockHTTPHandler(
1158 401, 'WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="%s"\r\n\r\n' % realm
)
1159 opener
.add_handler(basic_handler
)
1160 opener
.add_handler(digest_handler
)
1161 opener
.add_handler(http_handler
)
1163 # check basic auth isn't blocked by digest handler failing
1164 self
._test
_basic
_auth
(opener
, basic_handler
, "Authorization",
1165 realm
, http_handler
, password_manager
,
1166 "http://acme.example.com/protected",
1167 "http://acme.example.com/protected",
1169 # check digest was tried before basic (twice, because
1170 # _test_basic_auth called .open() twice)
1171 self
.assertEqual(opener
.recorded
, ["digest", "basic"]*2)
1173 def _test_basic_auth(self
, opener
, auth_handler
, auth_header
,
1174 realm
, http_handler
, password_manager
,
1175 request_url
, protected_url
):
1177 user
, password
= "wile", "coyote"
1179 # .add_password() fed through to password manager
1180 auth_handler
.add_password(realm
, request_url
, user
, password
)
1181 self
.assertEqual(realm
, password_manager
.realm
)
1182 self
.assertEqual(request_url
, password_manager
.url
)
1183 self
.assertEqual(user
, password_manager
.user
)
1184 self
.assertEqual(password
, password_manager
.password
)
1186 r
= opener
.open(request_url
)
1188 # should have asked the password manager for the username/password
1189 self
.assertEqual(password_manager
.target_realm
, realm
)
1190 self
.assertEqual(password_manager
.target_url
, protected_url
)
1192 # expect one request without authorization, then one with
1193 self
.assertEqual(len(http_handler
.requests
), 2)
1194 self
.assertFalse(http_handler
.requests
[0].has_header(auth_header
))
1195 userpass
= '%s:%s' % (user
, password
)
1196 auth_hdr_value
= 'Basic '+base64
.encodestring(userpass
).strip()
1197 self
.assertEqual(http_handler
.requests
[1].get_header(auth_header
),
1199 self
.assertEqual(http_handler
.requests
[1].unredirected_hdrs
[auth_header
],
1201 # if the password manager can't find a password, the handler won't
1202 # handle the HTTP auth error
1203 password_manager
.user
= password_manager
.password
= None
1204 http_handler
.reset()
1205 r
= opener
.open(request_url
)
1206 self
.assertEqual(len(http_handler
.requests
), 1)
1207 self
.assertFalse(http_handler
.requests
[0].has_header(auth_header
))
1209 class MiscTests(unittest
.TestCase
):
1211 def test_build_opener(self
):
1212 class MyHTTPHandler(urllib2
.HTTPHandler
): pass
1213 class FooHandler(urllib2
.BaseHandler
):
1214 def foo_open(self
): pass
1215 class BarHandler(urllib2
.BaseHandler
):
1216 def bar_open(self
): pass
1218 build_opener
= urllib2
.build_opener
1220 o
= build_opener(FooHandler
, BarHandler
)
1221 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, FooHandler
)
1222 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, BarHandler
)
1224 # can take a mix of classes and instances
1225 o
= build_opener(FooHandler
, BarHandler())
1226 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, FooHandler
)
1227 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, BarHandler
)
1229 # subclasses of default handlers override default handlers
1230 o
= build_opener(MyHTTPHandler
)
1231 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, MyHTTPHandler
)
1233 # a particular case of overriding: default handlers can be passed
1236 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, urllib2
.HTTPHandler
)
1237 o
= build_opener(urllib2
.HTTPHandler
)
1238 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, urllib2
.HTTPHandler
)
1239 o
= build_opener(urllib2
.HTTPHandler())
1240 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, urllib2
.HTTPHandler
)
1242 # Issue2670: multiple handlers sharing the same base class
1243 class MyOtherHTTPHandler(urllib2
.HTTPHandler
): pass
1244 o
= build_opener(MyHTTPHandler
, MyOtherHTTPHandler
)
1245 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, MyHTTPHandler
)
1246 self
.opener_has_handler(o
, MyOtherHTTPHandler
)
1248 def opener_has_handler(self
, opener
, handler_class
):
1249 for h
in opener
.handlers
:
1250 if h
.__class
__ == handler_class
:
1253 self
.assertTrue(False)
1255 class RequestTests(unittest
.TestCase
):
1258 self
.get
= urllib2
.Request("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/")
1259 self
.post
= urllib2
.Request("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/",
1261 headers
={"X-Test": "test"})
1263 def test_method(self
):
1264 self
.assertEqual("POST", self
.post
.get_method())
1265 self
.assertEqual("GET", self
.get
.get_method())
1267 def test_add_data(self
):
1268 self
.assertTrue(not self
.get
.has_data())
1269 self
.assertEqual("GET", self
.get
.get_method())
1270 self
.get
.add_data("spam")
1271 self
.assertTrue(self
.get
.has_data())
1272 self
.assertEqual("POST", self
.get
.get_method())
1274 def test_get_full_url(self
):
1275 self
.assertEqual("http://www.python.org/~jeremy/",
1276 self
.get
.get_full_url())
1278 def test_selector(self
):
1279 self
.assertEqual("/~jeremy/", self
.get
.get_selector())
1280 req
= urllib2
.Request("http://www.python.org/")
1281 self
.assertEqual("/", req
.get_selector())
1283 def test_get_type(self
):
1284 self
.assertEqual("http", self
.get
.get_type())
1286 def test_get_host(self
):
1287 self
.assertEqual("www.python.org", self
.get
.get_host())
1289 def test_get_host_unquote(self
):
1290 req
= urllib2
.Request("http://www.%70ython.org/")
1291 self
.assertEqual("www.python.org", req
.get_host())
1293 def test_proxy(self
):
1294 self
.assertTrue(not self
.get
.has_proxy())
1295 self
.get
.set_proxy("www.perl.org", "http")
1296 self
.assertTrue(self
.get
.has_proxy())
1297 self
.assertEqual("www.python.org", self
.get
.get_origin_req_host())
1298 self
.assertEqual("www.perl.org", self
.get
.get_host())
1300 def test_wrapped_url(self
):
1301 req
= Request("<URL:http://www.python.org>")
1302 self
.assertEqual("www.python.org", req
.get_host())
1304 def test_url_fragment(self
):
1305 req
= Request("http://www.python.org/?qs=query#fragment=true")
1306 self
.assertEqual("/?qs=query", req
.get_selector())
1307 req
= Request("http://www.python.org/#fun=true")
1308 self
.assertEqual("/", req
.get_selector())
1310 # Issue 11703: geturl() omits fragment in the original URL.
1311 url
= 'http://docs.python.org/library/urllib2.html#OK'
1313 self
.assertEqual(req
.get_full_url(), url
)
1315 def test_main(verbose
=None):
1316 from test
import test_urllib2
1317 test_support
.run_doctest(test_urllib2
, verbose
)
1318 test_support
.run_doctest(urllib2
, verbose
)
1319 tests
= (TrivialTests
,
1320 OpenerDirectorTests
,
1324 test_support
.run_unittest(*tests
)
1326 if __name__
== "__main__":
1327 test_main(verbose
=True)